Thermal control system and method for equipment shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal control system and method for an equipment shell, and belongs to the technical field of equipment thermal management, the system comprises a microcapsule and an electromagnetic unit, the microcapsule is arranged in a flow channel of the equipment shell and comprises a shell and an inner core, the shell is made of a magnetic material, and the inner core is filled with a phase change material; the electromagnetic unit is arranged outside the flow channel, and the microcapsules of the magnetic material shell are driven by the electromagnetic unit to directionally and stably move in the flow channel and are uniformly distributed, so that the agglomeration phenomenon of the microcapsules in a microgravity environment can be avoided, the blockage of the flow channel is prevented, and the heat dissipation performance of the equipment shell in the microgravity environment is ensured; meanwhile, the base liquid in the flow channel is driven to flow through circulating motion of the microcapsules, efficient heat transfer is achieved, and the heat dissipation effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of equipment thermal management, and in particular to a thermal control system and method for an equipment housing. Background Art

[0002] In low gravity and large temperature difference environments such as space, the heat dissipation and temperature control requirements of the electronic control system are extremely high. The existing thermal management system faces a series of technical difficulties, including the failure of fluid circulation in microgravity environment, the blockage of flow channel caused by the agglomeration of tiny particles, etc. The specific analysis is as follows:

[0003] (1) Limitations of traditional microfluidic cooling architecture

[0004] Traditional microfluidic heat dissipation technology mainly relies on gravity-driven mechanisms to drive fluid flow, but in a microgravity environment, this gravity-dependent design prevents the fluid from circulating effectively, resulting in a significant decrease in heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, the thermal expansion and contraction of the fluid during heat absorption and heat release will increase pressure fluctuations in the flow channel, seriously affecting the fluidity and reliability of the system. At the same time, under microgravity conditions, the fluid is prone to form bubbles or stagnation due to surface tension, exacerbating the decrease in heat dissipation efficiency. These problems show that traditional microfluidic heat dissipation technology has obvious limitations in extreme environments and is difficult to adapt to the needs of high-power density electronic control systems in space environments for efficient heat dissipation.

[0005] (2) Limitations of single phase change material heat dissipation technology

[0006] The single phase change material heat dissipation technology mainly utilizes the characteristics of phase change materials that absorb or release a large amount of latent heat during the phase change process, and has been widely used in the field of thermal management. For example, the flow channel of the heat pipe is filled with a working medium and phase change microcapsules that can move with the working medium. The phase change microcapsules can be carried by the working medium in the heat pipe to complete the heat cycle between the evaporation section and the heat dissipation section. The phase change material in the capsule stores heat in the evaporation section and solidifies in the heat dissipation section, thereby increasing the maximum heat transfer power of the heat pipe and achieving efficient heat dissipation. However, phase change microcapsules are prone to aggregation in a microgravity environment due to the lack of gravity constraints, which leads to blockage of the flow channel. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art and to provide a thermal control system and method for a device housing.

[0008] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a thermal control system for a device housing, the thermal control system comprising microcapsules and an electromagnetic unit, the microcapsules are arranged in the flow channel of the device housing, comprising an outer shell and an inner core, the outer shell is a magnetic material, and the inner core is filled with a phase change material; the electromagnetic unit is arranged outside the flow channel, and is used to drive the microcapsules to move in a directional manner in the flow channel, thereby driving the base liquid in the flow channel to flow.

[0009] In one example, the system further includes a control unit connected to the electromagnetic unit and configured to adjust the direction and intensity of the dynamic magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic unit.

[0010] In one example, the system further includes a pressure regulating chamber constructed based on a memory alloy, wherein the pressure regulating chamber is embedded in the flow channel and is used to absorb or release the inert gas in the base liquid.

[0011] In one example, nano-scale pores are created on the surface of the pressure regulating chamber.

[0012] In one example, polar functional groups are introduced into the surface of the pressure regulating chamber.

[0013] In one example, the system further includes a motion state acquisition unit connected to the control unit and configured to acquire motion state information of the microcapsules in the flow channel.

[0014] In one example, the system further includes a temperature acquisition unit connected to the control unit for acquiring temperature information of a high-temperature section and a heat dissipation section in the flow channel.

[0015] It should be further explained that the technical features corresponding to the above system examples can be combined or replaced with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0016] The present invention also includes a thermal control method for a device housing, which is implemented based on the thermal control system formed by any one of the above examples or a combination of multiple examples, and is characterized in that the method includes a magnetically controlled phase change fluid transport step, including: The electromagnetic unit generates a dynamic magnetic field to drive the microcapsules with magnetic material shells to move in a directional manner, thereby driving the base liquid to flow. The microcapsule core and base liquid absorb heat in the high-temperature section of the flow channel and release heat in the heat dissipation section of the flow channel.

[0017] In one example, the method further includes a passive pressure regulation step, comprising: When the temperature in the flow channel decreases, the memory alloy changes from the austenite phase to the martensite phase, the volume of the pressure regulating chamber expands, absorbing the inert gas in the base liquid and reducing the pressure in the flow channel; When the temperature in the flow channel increases, the memory alloy transforms from the martensite phase to the austenite phase, the volume of the pressure regulating chamber shrinks, the absorbed inert gas is released, and the pressure in the flow channel is increased.

[0018] In one example, the method includes the following steps: The control unit controls the electromagnetic unit to work and executes the magnetically controlled phase change fluid transport step; The motion state acquisition unit and the temperature acquisition unit respectively acquire the motion state information of the microcapsules and the temperature information of the high temperature section and the heat dissipation section in the flow channel; The control unit adjusts the strength and direction of the magnetic field according to the motion state information and / or the temperature information.

[0019] It should be further explained that the technical features corresponding to the various examples of the above method can be combined or replaced with each other to form a new technical solution.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In one example, the electromagnetic unit drives the microcapsules with magnetic material shells to move in a directional and stable manner and distribute evenly in the flow channel, which can avoid the agglomeration of microcapsules in a microgravity environment and prevent the flow channel from being blocked, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation performance of the device shell in a microgravity environment; at the same time, the circulation of the microcapsules drives the flow of the base liquid, thereby achieving efficient heat transfer and ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0021] 2. In one example, by introducing a control unit to adjust the strength and direction of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic unit, the speed, direction and position of the microcapsules can be adjusted more accurately to clean the flow channel and restore the smoothness of the flow channel, thereby minimizing the agglomeration of the microcapsules in a microgravity environment and effectively preventing blockage of the flow channel; at the same time, the microcapsules can fully absorb heat in the high-temperature section and efficiently release heat in the heat dissipation section, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0022] 3. In one example, a pressure regulating chamber constructed by a memory alloy utilizes the phase change characteristics of the memory alloy to absorb and release the inert gas in the base liquid, thereby adjusting the amount of gas in the flow channel cavity, and realizing pressure regulation in the flow channel, thereby changing the flow state of the base liquid and making it circulate more smoothly; at the same time, by controlling the amount of inert gas through the pressure regulating chamber, it is possible to avoid the inert gas from gathering in local areas to form bubbles, thereby reducing the obstruction of bubbles to heat transfer and further ensuring the heat dissipation performance.

[0023] 4. In one example, nanoscale pores are created on the surface of the memory alloy, which increases the contact area between the memory alloy and the inert gas, can more efficiently absorb and release the inert gas, further optimize the pressure regulation effect, and at the same time make the heat transfer between the base liquid and the memory alloy more efficient.

[0024] 5. In one example, polar functional groups are introduced into the surface of the memory alloy, which can enhance the adsorption capacity of specific gases, thereby further optimizing the pressure effect and improving the heat dissipation performance.

[0025] 6. In one example, through the motion state information and temperature information fed back by the motion state acquisition unit and / or the temperature acquisition unit, the control unit can determine the current state of the flow channel, such as whether it is blocked or whether the temperature is too high, and then adjust the magnetic field strength and direction to clear the flow channel and restore the smoothness of the flow channel and enable the microcapsules to fully absorb heat in the high temperature section and efficiently release heat in the heat dissipation section, thereby avoiding blockage of the flow channel and ensuring the heat dissipation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The same reference numerals are used in these drawings to represent the same or similar parts. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0027] Figure 1 A system structure diagram provided for an example of the present invention; Figure 2 A system structure diagram provided for another example of the present invention; Figure 3 A system block diagram provided for an example of the present invention; Figure 4 A flow chart of a method provided for an example of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-microcapsule; 31-high temperature section; 32-flow section; 33-heat dissipation section; 34-reflux section; 4-base liquid; 5-pressure regulating chamber; 6-Hall sensor; 7-temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by “center”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inside” and “outside”, etc., are directions or positional relationships based on the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] In one example, a thermal control system for a device housing, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a magnetically controlled phase change fluid module, which includes a microcapsule 1 and an electromagnetic unit. The microcapsule includes an outer shell and an inner core, and the outer shell is a magnetic material, such as Fe3O4, Fe2O3, CoFe2O4, etc. Preferably, the outer shell is made of Fe3O4 material, which has excellent magnetic response ability and high thermal conductivity. The inner core is filled with a phase change material, such as paraffin, which absorbs heat and melts at high temperature and releases heat and solidifies at low temperature. Furthermore, the microcapsule is arranged in the flow channel of the device housing, and the device can be a power device, an electromechanical servo device, etc. As shown in FIG. Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the flow channel is also filled with a base liquid 4, and the base liquid with high thermal conductivity and microcapsules constitute the fluid in the flow channel; the base liquid includes a water-based fluid or an oil-based fluid, the water-based fluid includes deionized water, ethylene glycol aqueous solution, etc., the oil-based fluid includes mineral oil, perfluoropolyether, etc., has high thermal conductivity, and is blended with inert gas for pressure regulation, and assists heat transfer through circulating flow. Specifically, as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the flow channel adopts a partitioning function design, including a high-temperature section 31, a flow section 32, a heat dissipation section 33 and a reflux section 34 connected end to end. Figure 1-Figure 2 The solid arrow in the middle indicates the flow direction of the base liquid in the flow channel. Specifically, the high-temperature section is close to the heat source of the electronic control system, such as a servo motor, where the capsule is melted by heat. The cross-section of this section of the flow channel is the widest, with the purpose of increasing the heat absorption area; the flow section connects the high-temperature section and the heat dissipation section, and is used to transport microcapsules and base liquid to the heat dissipation section; the heat dissipation section is far away from the heat source, and is used for the microcapsules and base liquid to release heat, and the phase change material in the capsules to re-solidify; the reflux section connects the heat dissipation section and the high-temperature section, and is used to send the capsules and the cooled base liquid back to the high-temperature section. Preferably, the flow channel adopts a multi-layer superposition design, such as parallel stacking and staggered stacking, to increase the heat exchange area. More preferably, the cross-section of the flow channel is gradually distributed, with a wide cross-section in the high-temperature section and a narrow cross-section in the low-temperature section, so as to optimize the flow characteristics of the fluid and reduce eddy current losses.

[0034] Furthermore, the electromagnetic unit is arranged outside the flow channel and can be an electromagnet, such as Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, in this example, electromagnets n1, n2, n3 and n4 are preferably arranged outside the high temperature section, flow section, heat dissipation section and reflux section of the flow channel to generate alternating dynamic magnetic forces. Figure 1-Figure 2 The dotted arrow in the middle indicates the direction of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet n1. Specifically, the electromagnetic unit is preferably an electromagnetic array unit, including a plurality of sets of electromagnetic coils, which can accurately generate the required magnetic field strength and direction by controlling the current intensity and direction applied to each set of coils, and the dynamic magnetic field can alternately attract and repel the microcapsules (magnetic material shell), so that the microcapsules move in a predetermined direction in the flow channel, that is, the microcapsules are alternately attracted by the electromagnetic array unit to move forward, driving the base liquid to flow together, absorbing heat in the high temperature section and releasing heat in the heat dissipation section.

[0035] In this example, the electromagnetic unit drives the microcapsules with magnetic material shells to move in a directional and stable manner and distribute evenly in the flow channel, which can avoid the agglomeration of microcapsules in a microgravity environment and prevent blockage of the flow channel, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation performance of the equipment shell in a microgravity environment, and further improving the reliability and stability of the electronic control system. At the same time, the circulating motion of the microcapsules drives the flow of the base liquid, thereby achieving efficient heat transfer and ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0036] In one example, the system also includes a control unit connected to the electromagnetic unit, which is used to adjust the direction and strength of the dynamic magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic unit. Specifically, the control unit adjusts the current strength and direction applied to the coil in each electromagnetic unit to dynamically adjust the direction and strength of the magnetic field, thereby more accurately adjusting the speed, direction and position of the microcapsules to clear the flow channel and restore the smoothness of the flow channel, thereby minimizing the agglomeration of the microcapsules in a microgravity environment and effectively preventing blockage of the flow channel; at the same time, by accurately adjusting the speed, direction and position of the microcapsules, the microcapsules can fully absorb heat in the high temperature section and efficiently release heat in the heat dissipation section, thereby further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0037] In one example, if Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the system also includes a pressure regulating chamber 5 constructed based on a memory alloy (shape memory alloy), which is embedded in the flow channel, such as a heat dissipation section embedded in the flow channel, for absorbing or releasing the inert gas in the base liquid. Among them, the memory alloy is nickel titanium, etc., and the memory alloy is used as a driving element, which undergoes a martensitic phase transformation when the temperature changes, thereby realizing reversible expansion and contraction of the volume. Specifically, when the temperature decreases, the memory alloy changes from the austenite phase to the martensite phase, expands in volume, adsorbs the inert gas (such as nitrogen) in the base liquid, reduces the amount of gas in the flow channel, and thus reduces the pressure in the flow channel; when the temperature increases, the memory alloy changes from the martensite phase to the austenite phase, shrinks in volume, releases the adsorbed inert gas, increases the amount of gas in the flow channel, and thus increases the pressure in the flow channel.

[0038] During the thermal cycle, closed-loop fluid microchannels (flow channels) may have a problem of poor flow. The present invention constructs a pressure regulating chamber in the flow channel through shape memory alloys. Through the temperature-sensitive contraction and expansion characteristics of the memory alloy, the inert gas in the base liquid is absorbed and released, thereby achieving the effect of dynamically adjusting the pressure in the flow channel, thereby changing the flow state of the fluid and making it circulate more smoothly. At the same time, by controlling the amount of inert gas in the pressure regulating chamber, it is possible to avoid the inert gas from gathering in a local area to form bubbles, thereby reducing the obstruction of the bubbles to heat transfer, and further ensuring the heat dissipation performance.

[0039] In one example, nanoscale pores are created on the surface of the pressure regulating chamber. Specifically, nanoscale pores are created on the surface of the memory alloy through electrochemical etching, which significantly increases the surface area, that is, increases the contact area between the memory alloy and the inert gas, and can more efficiently absorb and release the inert gas, further optimize the pressure regulation effect, and at the same time make the heat transfer between the base liquid and the memory alloy more efficient.

[0040] In one example, polar functional groups, such as hydroxyl and amino groups, are introduced onto the surface of the pressure regulating chamber to enhance the adsorption capacity for specific gases (such as nitrogen). Memory alloys that have undergone surface treatment technology (nanoscale pores + polar functional groups) are embedded into key nodes of the flow channel, and the amount of gas in the flow channel cavity is dynamically adjusted through thermal expansion and contraction to maintain pressure regulation in the flow channel.

[0041] In one example, if Figure 2-Figure 3As shown, the system also includes a motion state acquisition unit connected to the control unit, such as a Hall sensor 6, which is used to collect the motion state information of the microcapsules in the flow channel and feed it back to the control unit. Optionally, the system also includes a temperature acquisition unit connected to the control unit, such as a temperature sensor 7, which is used to collect the temperature information of the high temperature section and the heat dissipation section in the flow channel and feed it back to the control unit. Preferably, in order to ensure the working reliability of the Hall sensor and the temperature sensor, the system also includes a main Hall sensor, a backup Hall sensor, a main temperature sensor, and a backup temperature sensor, that is, a redundant sensor is provided. When the main Hall sensor and the main temperature sensor work abnormally, the backup Hall sensor and the backup temperature sensor are switched to work. The control unit determines whether the current flow channel state is normal according to the motion state information (motion speed) of the microcapsule, that is, whether blockage occurs. If the motion speed of the microcapsule is lower than the normal threshold, the control unit strengthens the electromagnetic unit current to enhance the electromagnetic force to dredge the flow channel. At the same time, the control unit determines the heat source state according to the temperature information of the high temperature section and the heat dissipation section, and then adjusts the magnetic field strength and direction in real time, controls the motion speed of the microcapsules, and makes the microcapsules fully stay in the high temperature section and the heat dissipation section (heat dissipation section), and then fully absorbs heat in the high temperature section and efficiently releases heat in the heat dissipation section, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect. In this example, real-time dynamic monitoring by Hall sensors and temperature sensors and dynamic adjustment of magnetic fields significantly improve the robustness and adaptability of the system. After the system is started, the control unit and all sensors are initialized, the heat source status is monitored in real time, and the magnetic field strength is dynamically adjusted to optimize the heat dissipation effect.

[0042] The above examples are combined to obtain an example of a preferred system of the present invention, in which the system includes a microcapsule, an electromagnetic unit, a control unit, a pressure regulating chamber, a Hall sensor and a temperature sensor. The electromagnetic unit, the Hall sensor and the temperature sensor are all connected to the control unit. The pressure regulating chamber is constructed by a memory alloy, and nano-scale pores are etched on the surface of the memory alloy, and polar functional groups are introduced. The thermal control system of the present invention achieves efficient thermal management by combining a high thermal conductivity base liquid and a phase change material. Specifically, the heat generated by the servo motor or other heat source is transferred to the fluid in the flow channel by heat conduction. The fluid is composed of a high thermal conductivity base liquid and microcapsules. The base liquid quickly absorbs heat and transfers it to the heat dissipation section. After absorbing heat, the microcapsules undergo a phase change (from solid to liquid), further absorbing a large amount of latent heat. The liquid fluid moves along the flow channel under the drive of the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic unit. The electromagnetic unit drives the microcapsules and the base liquid to flow through the magnetic field to ensure uniform distribution of the fluid in the flow channel and efficient heat dissipation. After the fluid enters the condensation section (heat dissipation section), it exchanges heat with the cooling medium (such as cooling water or liquid nitrogen) outside the heat dissipation section, releases latent heat, and the microcapsules solidify into a solid state again. The base liquid releases heat through the condensation process. The cooled solid microcapsules and base liquid flow back to the heat source area along the flow channel under the action of the magnetic field, ready for the next round of heat absorption process. The system also includes temperature sensors and Hall sensors for real-time monitoring of the heat source temperature, fluid temperature and flow state, and feeding the data back to the control unit. The control unit dynamically adjusts the electromagnetic field strength and the heat dissipation section temperature according to the sensor data to ensure efficient operation of the entire system.

[0043] First, through the design of flow channel zoning function, optimization of flow channel shape and size (wide cross section in high temperature section, narrow cross section in low temperature section), magnetically controlled phase change composite fluid microcapsules and fluid circulation, a magnetically controlled phase change fluid module is formed, which realizes efficient heat absorption, transmission and release, and adapts to the heat dissipation requirements under complex working conditions. Secondly, through the combination of shape memory alloy and surface treatment technology (nanoscale pores + polar functional groups), the amount of gas in the cavity is dynamically adjusted by the thermal expansion and contraction of the memory alloy, the gas in the base liquid is absorbed and released, the flow channel pressure is adjusted, the base liquid operation efficiency is improved, and the heat dissipation effect is optimized. Finally, the present invention proposes a fault response mechanism, which uses sensors to detect the flow channel status (whether the flow channel is blocked, etc.), dynamically adjust the heat source (control the movement speed of the microcapsules, fully absorb heat in the high temperature section, and efficiently release heat in the heat dissipation section) and fault self-repair function (dynamically adjust the magnetic field strength and direction to prevent flow channel blockage), to achieve efficient heat absorption, transmission and release, significantly improve the system's robustness and adaptability, ensure that the thermal control system can still operate stably under various abnormal conditions, and solve the problems of the existing technology in dynamic heat source adaptation, extreme environment adaptability and system reliability.

[0044] The present invention also includes a thermal control method for a device housing, which is implemented based on a thermal control system formed by any one of the above examples or a combination of multiple examples. The method includes a magnetically controlled phase change fluid transport step, including:

[0045] The electromagnetic unit generates a dynamic magnetic field, driving the directional movement of the microcapsules in the magnetic material shell, which in turn drives the base liquid to flow. The microcapsule core and the base liquid flow synchronously to synergistically dissipate heat. Specifically, as one of the main heat dissipation media, the base liquid absorbs heat in the high temperature section and releases heat in the heat dissipation section. The high thermal conductivity and fluidity of the base liquid help improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the system. The capsule completes heat transfer through phase change, and at the same time, as the main driving force of the base liquid, it promotes the circulation of the base liquid.

[0046] Preferably, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic unit is dynamically controlled by a control unit: The control unit dynamically adjusts the current direction and intensity of the electromagnetic unit to achieve rapid switching of the magnetic field direction. In the high-temperature section, the magnetic field attracts the capsule upward; in the flow area and the reflow area, the magnetic field pushes the capsule forward or backward. The control unit sequentially activates the electromagnetic units in different areas to form a relay driving effect, ensuring the continuous flow of the capsule in the flow channel.

[0047] In one example, the method further includes a passive pressure regulation step, comprising: When the temperature in the flow channel decreases, the memory alloy transforms from the austenite phase to the martensite phase, the volume of the pressure regulating chamber expands, absorbs the inert gas in the base liquid, and reduces the pressure in the flow channel; when the temperature in the flow channel increases, the memory alloy transforms from the martensite phase to the austenite phase, the volume of the pressure regulating chamber shrinks, releases the absorbed inert gas, and increases the pressure in the flow channel.

[0048] In this example, a pressure regulating chamber constructed of a memory alloy such as nickel-titanium is used as a driving element and embedded in key nodes of the flow channel (such as the heat dissipation section). When the temperature changes, a martensitic phase transformation occurs to achieve reversible expansion and contraction of the volume. The amount of gas in the cavity is dynamically adjusted by thermal expansion and contraction to achieve step-by-step pressure regulation, ensuring that the overall pressure fluctuation range of the system is ≤±5%.

[0049] In one example, the method includes the following steps:

[0050] S1: The control unit controls the electromagnetic unit to generate a dynamic magnetic field. The magnetic field strength is continuously adjusted to drive the microcapsules with magnetic material shells to move in a directional manner, thereby driving the base liquid to flow, that is, to make the microcapsule core and base liquid flow synchronously, to cooperate in heat dissipation, and to avoid agglomeration in a microgravity environment.

[0051] At the same time, the Hall sensor and the temperature sensor respectively collect the motion state information of the microcapsules, the temperature information of the high temperature section and the heat dissipation section in the flow channel. At this time, the Hall sensor detects the magnetic response signal of the microcapsules, combines the temperature information fed back by the temperature sensor to invert the state ratio of the microcapsules in the fluid, and inverts the flow velocity of the microcapsules based on the magnetic response signal. Among them, the state ratio is the ratio of the microcapsules in different states (such as solid and liquid) in the fluid. Specifically, the state ratio inversion includes:

[0052] According to the temperature sensors arranged, the temperature changes at different positions of the flow channel are monitored in real time. The temperature information is combined with the latent heat characteristics of the phase change material to calculate the heat absorbed or released per unit time, so as to infer the phase change ratio of the microcapsules in the base liquid. The calculation expression is: ; in, Indicates heat; Indicates the quality of phase change material; represents the latent heat of phase change; Indicates the phase change ratio, which is the proportion of the phase change material in the microcapsule that undergoes phase change to the total phase change material, 0≤ ≤1. At this time, the state ratio of the microcapsules in the fluid can be indirectly reflected by the change in the phase change ratio, and the intensity and direction of the electromagnetic field can be adjusted according to the state ratio.

[0053] For the inversion of flow velocity, a Hall sensor is used to measure the movement speed of the microcapsules, and the relationship between the magnetic field intensity and the flow velocity is established. Using the electromagnetic induction principle and fluid mechanics equations, the flow velocity calculation expression is derived as follows: ; in; Indicates flow rate; represents electromagnetic force; Indicates the viscosity of the base fluid; represents the radius of the microcapsule.

[0054] S2: The control unit adjusts the magnetic field strength and direction according to the motion state information and / or temperature information. Specifically, when the movement speed of the microcapsules in the fluid is less than the threshold, it means that the microcapsules flow slowly at this time, and the magnetic field strength is increased to avoid agglomeration in the microgravity environment. Similarly, when local overheating is detected, that is, the current position of the flow channel is greater than the set temperature threshold, the magnetic field strength is increased to accelerate the flow of the fluid.

[0055] Preferably, the above examples are combined to obtain a preferred thermal control method of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method now includes the following steps:

[0056] S10: Initialization and self-check. If the sensor is not working properly, go to step S20. If the sensor is working properly, go to step S30. Initialize the system, activate all components, ensure that all sensors and control units are in normal working state, and perform periodic self-check.

[0057] S20: Switch to the standby Hall sensor and standby temperature sensor. If the switch is successful, go to step S30. If the switch fails, estimate the heat source status based on historical data. If the estimation is successful, go to step S30. If the estimation fails, generate a log and an alarm, and enter the safe mode. Among them, the safe mode is to enter the normal normal mode when all adjustments fail, the flow channel is blocked, and the management state is cut off.

[0058] S30: Start the electromagnetic unit (electromagnetic drive array) and perform passive pressure regulation. The control unit controls the electromagnetic unit to generate a dynamic magnetic field to drive the microcapsules to move in a directional manner, and detect the flow channel state to determine whether it is blocked. If so, proceed to step S40. If not, adjust the magnetic field strength according to the heat source state and the movement speed of the microcapsules to further determine whether the flow channel is unobstructed. If so, continue monitoring. If not, proceed to step S40.

[0059] S40: Start the repair mechanism, that is, adjust the magnetic field strength, increase the magnetic field force to force the microcapsules to move, squeeze the microcapsules through the congested flow channel section, if the repair is successful, continue to monitor, if the repair fails, generate a log and alarm, and enter the safe mode.

[0060] The fault response method of the present invention ensures stable operation under abnormal conditions such as sensor failure and flow channel blockage through dynamic monitoring and real-time adjustment. The method combines sensor status monitoring, flow channel status detection, dynamic adjustment of heat source and fault self-repair functions to improve the robustness and adaptability of the system.

[0061] The above specific implementation methods are detailed descriptions of the present invention. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation methods of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal control system for a device housing, characterized in that: The thermal control system includes a microcapsule and an electromagnetic unit. The microcapsule is arranged in the flow channel of the device housing and includes an outer shell and an inner core. The outer shell is a magnetic material and the inner core is filled with a phase change material. The electromagnetic unit is arranged outside the flow channel and is used to drive the microcapsules to move in a directional manner in the flow channel, thereby driving the base liquid in the flow channel to flow.

2. The thermal control system for the equipment housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a control unit connected to the electromagnetic unit and used for adjusting the direction and intensity of the dynamic magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic unit.

3. The thermal control system for the equipment housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a pressure regulating chamber constructed based on a memory alloy, the pressure regulating chamber being embedded in the flow channel and being used for absorbing or releasing the inert gas in the base liquid.

4. The thermal control system for the equipment housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: Nano-scale pores are created on the surface of the pressure regulating chamber.

5. The thermal control system for the equipment housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: Polar functional groups are introduced into the surface of the pressure regulating chamber.

6. The thermal control system for the equipment housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system also includes a motion state acquisition unit connected to the control unit and used for acquiring motion state information of the microcapsules in the flow channel.

7. The thermal control system for the equipment housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system also includes a temperature collection unit connected to the control unit and used to collect temperature information of the high-temperature section and the heat dissipation section in the flow channel.

8. A thermal control method for a device housing, implemented based on the thermal control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises a magnetically controlled phase change fluid transport step, comprising: The electromagnetic unit generates a dynamic magnetic field to drive the microcapsules with magnetic material shells to move in a directional manner, thereby driving the base liquid to flow. The microcapsule core and base liquid absorb heat in the high-temperature section of the flow channel and release heat in the heat dissipation section of the flow channel.

9. The thermal control method for a device housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further comprises a passive pressure regulation step, comprising: When the temperature in the flow channel decreases, the memory alloy changes from the austenite phase to the martensite phase, the volume of the pressure regulating chamber expands, absorbing the inert gas in the base liquid and reducing the pressure in the flow channel; When the temperature in the flow channel increases, the memory alloy transforms from the martensite phase to the austenite phase, the volume of the pressure regulating chamber shrinks, the absorbed inert gas is released, and the pressure in the flow channel is increased.

10. The thermal control method of the equipment housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The control unit controls the electromagnetic unit to work and executes the magnetically controlled phase change fluid transport step; The motion state acquisition unit and the temperature acquisition unit respectively acquire the motion state information of the microcapsules and the temperature information of the high temperature section and the heat dissipation section in the flow channel; The control unit adjusts the strength and direction of the magnetic field according to the motion state information and / or the temperature information.

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