Supporting and protecting assembly for rock-soil excavation in building construction and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of excavation supporting, in particular to a supporting and protecting assembly for rock-soil excavation in building construction and a using method.The supporting and protecting assembly comprises a supporting plate, supports are installed on the two sides of the supporting plate, the supports are of H-shaped platy structures, the supporting plate is inserted into groove bodies of the supports, and base plates are fixed into the supports and located below the supporting plate; the two sides of the support are rotationally connected with supporting plates, and extension plates are inserted into the bottom ends of the supporting plates. The device has the beneficial effects that the support serves as a core component, mounting and fixing of the supporting plate are achieved, the storage and inclined supporting functions of the supporting plate and the supporting legs are integrated, the water conveying function of extracting accumulated water in a foundation pit in cooperation with the pump body is achieved, and multiple purposes are truly achieved. Not only are the construction efficiency and safety improved, but also the construction cost and the influence on the environment are reduced. The design of the assembly has high flexibility and expandability, the requirements under different construction conditions can be met, and powerful support is provided for rock-soil excavation in building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of excavation support, and in particular to a support and protection component for rock and soil excavation in construction and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of rock excavation in construction, support and protection components are key equipment to ensure construction safety and stability. Traditional support and protection components often have single functions and cannot meet the complex and changing construction needs.

[0003] Traditional support plates are usually only used to provide support for soil or rock, but lack flexibility and versatility. In addition, traditional support structures can only achieve the installation and fixation of support plates, but cannot provide additional diagonal bracing structures or drainage functions, which to some extent limits construction efficiency and safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a support and protection component for rock and soil excavation in construction and a method of use, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction, comprising a support plate, brackets are installed on both sides of the support plate, the brackets are in an "H"-shaped plate structure, the support plate is inserted into the groove body of the bracket, a pad is fixed inside the bracket, the pad is below the support plate, both sides of the bracket are rotatably connected with support plates, an extension plate is inserted at the bottom end of the support plate, a support leg is fixed at the bottom end of the extension plate, the bottom end of the support leg is rotatably connected with a fixed plate, a reserved groove is provided on the top surface of the bracket, a storage groove is provided at the bottom end of the bracket, suction pipe heads are screwed on both sides of the bottom end of the bracket, a hose is fixed to one end of the suction pipe head, and one end of the hose is inserted into the reserved groove.

[0006] Preferably, the height of the support plate is smaller than the height of the bracket, a column is fixed to the top surface of the pad, a screw rod 1 is fixed to the top end of the column, both the column and the screw rod 1 are penetrated by holes, the holes are opened on the surface of the support plate, the sum of the heights of the column and the screw rod 1 is greater than the height of the support plate, and a nut is threadedly mounted on the top end of the screw rod 1.

[0007] Preferably, both sides of the bracket are provided with storage grooves, and a limiting shaft 1 is fixed between two parallel side walls of the storage groove, the limiting shaft 1 passes through the top of the support plate, and a rubber ring is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting shaft 1, and the rubber ring is squeezed in the holes on the limiting shaft 1 and the surface of the support plate to produce elastic deformation, a slot is provided at the bottom end of the support plate, and the extension plate is inserted into the slot, the length of the extension plate is equal to the height of the slot, and a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the surface of the extension plate, and a screw rod 2 is screwed on one side of the bottom end of the support plate, and the screw rod 2 passes through the side plate of the support plate and is inserted into the positioning hole.

[0008] Preferably, a notch is provided on the bottom surface of the support leg, a limiting axis 2 is fixed between two parallel side walls of the notch, the limiting axis 2 passes through the middle of the fixed plate, a bolt hole 1 is provided at the four corners of the fixed plate, an embedding groove is provided on the top surface of the pad, bolts are placed inside the embedding groove, an elastic baffle is fixed on one side of the embedding groove, the elastic baffle is an arc-shaped piece, a pick-out groove is provided on the surface of the elastic baffle, and a bolt hole 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the storage groove.

[0009] Preferably, a pipe joint is fixed at the top of the reserved groove, and two storage grooves are provided, which are symmetrically distributed about the reserved groove. Screw interfaces are opened on both sides of the support plate, and the screw interfaces are "convex" shaped round mouths. The water suction pipe head is screwed in the screw interfaces, and multiple round rods are fixed at one end of the water suction pipe head.

[0010] A method for using a support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] After the bracket is installed at the designated position, the support plate is inserted into the slot of two adjacent brackets. At this time, the support plate and the bracket constitute a support structure, and multiple groups of support plates and brackets are arranged along the area that needs support;

[0012] After the support plate is pulled out from the storage slot, the support legs are pulled out to extend the extension plate until the fixed plate touches the ground, and the second screw is screwed into the positioning hole to brake the extension plate. At this time, the support plate cooperates with the extension plate and the support legs to support the rear of the support plate;

[0013] Take out the bolts in the embedded slot in advance, and after the fixing plate contacts the ground, drill a hole in the ground through bolt hole 1, and then insert the screw rod of the bolt through bolt hole 1 into the hole in the ground. When the supporting plate is not inserted into the slot of the bracket, insert the screw rod through bolt hole 2 into the soil layer on the ground. In this way, the pad not only supports the supporting plate, but also fixes the bottom end of the bracket to the ground.

[0014] When water accumulates in the excavated foundation pit, connect the pump's suction pipe to the pipe joint, then remove the suction pipe head from the screw joint, place the suction pipe head into the accumulated water, start the pump, pump out the accumulated water through the suction pipe head, and discharge the accumulated water.

[0015] Preferably, the support plate is inserted into the groove body of two adjacent brackets from top to bottom. When the bottom surface of the support plate overlaps the pad, the column and screw rod 1 are inserted into the through hole, and the top end of screw rod 1 is above the top surface of the support plate. The nut is screwed onto the top end of screw rod 1 and then locked to fix the support plate between the two brackets.

[0016] Preferably, when the bracket is not in use, the extension plate is inserted into the slot, and the support plate and the support leg are pushed into the storage slot for storage. When the bracket is in use, in order to add a diagonal bracing structure at the rear of the bracket, the support plate is rotated around the limiting axis 1 as the center axis, and the support leg is pulled out to drive the extension plate to slide along the slot. When the storage slot is placed flat on the ground, screw rod 2 is screwed into the positioning hole to brake the extension plate. Several more screw rods 2 can be added as needed to improve the firmness of the extension plate braking.

[0017] Preferably, when the supporting leg is pulled out from the storage slot, the fixing plate is rotated around the second limiting axis as the center axis. As the supporting leg falls, the fixing plate is placed flat on the ground, and then the fixing plate is fixed to the ground by passing the screw through the first bolt hole.

[0018] Preferably, after the water suction pipe of the pump body is fixed to the pipe joint, after the pump body is started, the pump body pumps water to the hose and the water suction pipe head at the bottom through the pipe joint and the reserved groove, and the water suction pipe head sucks the accumulated water and discharges it through the pump body.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The support and protection assembly and use method for rock and soil excavation in construction proposed by the present invention, by using the bracket as the core component, not only realizes the installation and fixation of the support plate, but also integrates the storage and diagonal bracing functions of the support plate and the support legs, as well as the water delivery function of cooperating with the pump body to extract the water accumulated in the foundation pit, thus realizing a true one-item-for-multiple-purposes. It not only improves construction efficiency and safety, but also reduces construction costs and environmental impact. The design of the assembly is highly flexible and scalable, can meet the needs under different construction conditions, and provides strong support for rock and soil excavation in construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support of the present invention after being folded into the support;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view of the structure;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Structural cross-section view at AA in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Structural cross-section view at the middle BB;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at D in the middle;

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at E in the middle;

[0031] Fig.11 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at F in the middle;

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the extension plate and the supporting legs of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pad of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water suction pipe head of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: supporting plate 1, bracket 2, pad 3, column 4, through hole 5, screw rod 1 6, nut 7, storage groove 8, limit axis 1 9, support plate 10, slot 11, extension plate 12, positioning hole 13, screw rod 2 14, support leg 15, missing slot 16, limit axis 2 17, fixing plate 18, bolt hole 1 19, rubber clamp 20, reserved slot 21, pipe joint 22, storage slot 23, screw interface 24, water suction pipe head 25, hose 26, round rod 27, embedded slot 28, bolt 29, elastic baffle 30, pick-up slot 31, bolt hole 2 32. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearly and completely described, and the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] For example, see Figures 1 to 15The present invention provides a technical solution: a support and protection component for rock and soil excavation in construction, comprising a support plate 1, brackets 2 are installed on both sides of the support plate 1, the brackets 2 are in an "H"-shaped plate structure, the support plate 1 is inserted into the groove of the bracket 2, a pad 3 is fixed inside the bracket 2, the pad 3 is below the support plate 1, the height of the support plate 1 is less than the height of the bracket 2, a column 4 is fixed on the top surface of the pad 3, a screw 6 is fixed on the top of the column 4, the column 4 and the screw 6 are both penetrated by a through hole 5, the through hole 5 is provided on the surface of the support plate 1, the sum of the heights of the column 4 and the screw 6 is greater than the height of the support plate 1, and a nut 7 is threaded on the top of the screw 6. After the bracket 2 is installed at the designated position, the support plate 1 is inserted into the groove of two adjacent brackets 2. At this time, the support plate 1 and the bracket 2 constitute a support structure. Multiple groups of support plates 1 and brackets 2 are arranged along the area to be supported. The support plate 1 is inserted from top to bottom into the groove of two adjacent brackets 2. When the bottom surface of the support plate 1 is overlapped on the pad 3, the column 4 and the screw rod 6 are inserted into the through hole 5, and the top of the screw rod 6 is above the top surface of the support plate 1. The nut 7 is sleeved and screwed on the top of the screw rod 6 and then locked to fix the support plate 1 between the two brackets 2. At this time, the bracket 2 is used as an installation limit structure for the support plate 1.

[0039] Both sides of the bracket 2 are rotatably connected with a support plate 10, and an extension plate 12 is inserted at the bottom end of the support plate 10. A support leg 15 is fixed at the bottom end of the extension plate 12, and a fixed plate 18 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the support leg 15. Both sides of the bracket 2 are provided with a storage groove 8, and a limit shaft 9 is fixed between two parallel side walls of the storage groove 8. The limit shaft 9 passes through the top of the support plate 10, and a rubber ring is sleeved on the rod body of the limit shaft 9. The rubber ring is squeezed in the holes on the surface of the limit shaft 9 and the support plate 10 to produce elastic deformation. A slot 11 is provided at the bottom end of the support plate 10, and the extension plate 12 is inserted in the slot 11. The length of the extension plate 12 is equal to the height of the slot 11. A plurality of positioning holes 13 are provided on the surface of the extension plate 12, and a screw 2 14 is screwed on one side of the bottom end of the support plate 10, and the screw 2 14 passes through the side plate of the support plate 10 and is inserted into the positioning hole 13. A notch 16 is provided on the bottom surface of the leg 15, and a limiting axis 17 is fixed between two parallel side walls of the notch 16. The limiting axis 17 passes through the middle of the fixed plate 18, and bolt holes 19 are provided at the four corners of the fixed plate 18. An embedding groove 28 is provided on the top surface of the pad 3, and bolts 29 are placed inside the embedding groove 28. An elastic baffle 30 is fixed on one side of the embedding groove 28. The elastic baffle 30 is an arc-shaped piece, and a pick-up groove 31 is provided on the surface of the elastic baffle 30. The bottom surface of the storage groove 23 is provided with a bolt hole 32. When the bracket 2 is not in use, the extension plate 12 is inserted into the slot 11, and the support plate 10 and the support leg 15 are pushed into the storage groove 8 for storage. When the bracket 2 is in use, in order to add a diagonal support structure at the rear of the bracket 2, the support plate 10 is rotated around the limit axis 9 as the center axis, and the support leg 15 is pulled out to drive the extension plate 12 to slide along the slot 11. When the storage groove 8 is placed flat on the ground, the screw rod 14 is screwed and inserted into the positioning hole 13 to brake the extension plate 12. A few more screw rods 14 can be added as needed to improve the firmness of the extension plate 12 braking. When the leg 15 is pulled out of the storage slot 8, the fixing plate 18 is moved to rotate around the second limiting axis 17 as the central axis. As the leg 15 falls, the fixing plate 18 is placed flat on the ground, and then the fixing plate 18 is fixed to the ground by means of a screw passing through the first bolt hole 19. It should be noted that a rubber strip 20 is fixed on the top surface of the notch 16, so that when the fixing plate 8 is received in the notch 16, the top of the fixing plate 18 squeezes the rubber strip 20, so that the fixing plate 18 and the leg 15 are in a straight line, and the fixing plate 18 will not swing around the second limiting axis 17. At this time, the bracket 2 is used as a storage structure after the support plate 10 and the leg 15 are folded, and is used as an oblique top force-bearing structure when the support plate 10 and the leg 15 are pulled out for use.

[0040] A reserved groove 21 is provided on the top surface of the bracket 2, a storage groove 23 is provided at the bottom end of the bracket 2, and a water suction pipe head 25 is screwed on both sides of the bottom end of the bracket 2, a hose 26 is fixed at one end of the water suction pipe head 25, and one end of the hose 26 is inserted into the reserved groove 21; a pipe joint 22 is fixed at the top of the reserved groove 21, and two storage grooves 23 are provided, and the two storage grooves 23 are symmetrically distributed about the reserved groove 21, and screw interfaces 24 are provided on both sides of the support plate 1, and the screw interfaces 24 are "convex" shaped round mouths, the water suction pipe head 25 is screwed in the screw interfaces 24, and a plurality of round rods 27 are fixed at one end of the water suction pipe head 25. When water accumulates in the excavated foundation pit, connect the pump body's water suction pipe to the pipe joint 22, then remove the water suction pipe head 25 from the screw interface 24, and place the water suction pipe head 25 into the accumulated water, start the pump body, and pump out the accumulated water through the water suction pipe head 25 to discharge the accumulated water; after the pump body's water suction pipe is fixed to the pipe joint 22 and the pump body is started, the pump body pumps water from the bottom hose 26 and the water suction pipe head 25 through the pipe joint 22 and the reserved groove 21, and the water suction pipe head 25 sucks the accumulated water and discharges it through the pump body. At this time, the bracket 2 is used as a water delivery structure to cooperate with the pump body to extract the water accumulated in the foundation pit, that is, the bracket 2 integrates the installation of the support plate 1, the storage of the support plate 10 and the support leg 15, and the diagonal brace during use, and acts as a water delivery structure, that is, the bracket 2 is multi-purpose and satisfies at least three functions at the same time.

[0041] Embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, proposes a method for using a support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction, the method comprising the following steps:

[0042] Installation and support stage: Determine the installation position of bracket 2 according to the needs of the construction area. Fix bracket 2 in the specified position to ensure that bracket 2 is stable and not easy to tip over. Insert the support plate 1 into the groove of two adjacent brackets 2 to ensure that the support plate 1 fits tightly with the groove of bracket 2. When the bottom surface of the support plate 1 overlaps the pad 3, the column 4 and the screw 6 will automatically insert into the through hole 5 on the support plate 1. Put the nut 7 on the top of the screw 6 and tighten the nut 7 to ensure that the support plate 1 is firmly fixed between the two brackets 2. At this time, the bracket 2 is used as the installation limit structure of the support plate 1, and there is no need to unfold the support plate 10 and the leg 15. If you need to add a diagonal bracing structure, you can proceed to the next step.

[0043] Deployment stage of the diagonal brace structure: Move the support plate 10 to rotate around the limit axis 19 as the center axis so that it extends out of the storage slot 8. Pull out the extension plate 12 and slide it along the slot 11 to the desired position. Tighten the screw rod 14 and insert it into the positioning hole 13 on the extension plate 12 to brake the extension plate 12. Move the fixed plate 18 to rotate around the limit axis 17 as the center axis so that it forms a certain angle with the support leg 15. As the support leg 15 falls, the fixed plate 18 lies flat on the ground. Use a screw rod to pass through the bolt hole 19 to fix the fixed plate 18 to the ground to form a diagonal brace structure. Ensure that all connecting parts are securely fastened and the diagonal brace structure is stable. If necessary, a few more screw rods 14 can be added to improve the firmness of the extension plate 12 braking.

[0044] Water pumping stage: Connect the pumping pipe of the pump body to the pipe joint 22 on the top of the bracket 2. Make sure that the hose 26 and the suction pipe head 25 are connected correctly and there is no leakage. If there is water accumulation in the foundation pit, remove the suction pipe head 25 from the screw interface 24 and then put it into the accumulated water. Start the pump body, pump out the accumulated water through the suction pipe head 25, and drain the accumulated water. If there is no water accumulation in the foundation pit, but preventive drainage is required, the pump body can be started directly, and water can be pumped through the pipe joint 22, the reserved groove 21, the hose 26 and the suction pipe head 25 (which can be left in the screw interface 24 or inserted into the puddle near the reserved groove 21). When the accumulated water is pumped out, turn off the pump body. Take the suction pipe head 25 out of the accumulated water, screw it back into the screw interface 24 or store it properly. Clean up the site and ensure that all equipment is returned to its place; it should be noted that the above-mentioned pumping structure is designed to enrich the functions of the supporting and protective components, that is, the pumping structure enriches the support and installation function of the bracket 2, while satisfying the bracket 2 to pump out the collected water in the enclosure area. This pumping work is carried out under the premise of using a large pump body to pump out the water collected in the foundation pit, that is, even if the above-mentioned pumping structure is not working, the water accumulated in the foundation pit is still pumped out by a conventional large pump body. The above-mentioned pumping structure is only an auxiliary pumping work, and does not rely on the above-mentioned pumping structure to achieve all the pumping work of the foundation pit water.

[0045] Storage and transportation stage: Unscrew the screw rod 14 to release the brake on the extension plate 12. Push the extension plate 12 back into the slot 11, and push the support plate 10 back into the storage slot 8. Turn the fixing plate 18 back into the missing slot 16, ensuring that the top of the fixing plate 18 squeezes the rubber clamp 20 to keep it in a straight state. Unscrew the nut 7 to release the fixation of the support plate 1. Pull the support plate 1 out of the slot of the bracket 2 and store it properly. Disassemble the bracket 2 or transport it to the next construction area.

[0046] Through the above usage process, the bracket 2 not only realizes the installation and fixation of the support plate 1, but also can unfold the diagonal bracing structure to increase stability when needed. At the same time, it can also be used as a water supply structure to cooperate with the pump body to extract the accumulated water inside the foundation pit, truly realizing the multiple uses of one object and improving construction efficiency and safety.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction, comprising a support plate (1), characterized in that: The support plate (1) is provided with a bracket (2) on both sides thereof. The bracket (2) is in an "H"-shaped plate structure. The support plate (1) is inserted into the groove body of the bracket (2). A pad (3) is fixed inside the bracket (2). The pad (3) is located below the support plate (1). The bracket (2) is rotatably connected with a support plate (10) on both sides thereof. An extension plate (12) is inserted at the bottom end of the support plate (10). A support leg (15) is fixed at the bottom end of the extension plate (12). A fixing plate (18) is rotatably connected at the bottom end of the support leg (15). A reserved groove (21) is provided on the top surface of the bracket (2). A storage groove (23) is provided at the bottom end of the bracket (2). Water suction pipe heads (25) are screwed on both sides of the bottom end of the bracket (2). A hose (26) is fixed at one end of the water suction pipe head (25). One end of the hose (26) is inserted into the reserved groove (21).

2. A support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the support plate (1) is smaller than the height of the bracket (2); a column (4) is fixed on the top surface of the pad (3); a screw rod (6) is fixed on the top of the column (4); both the column (4) and the screw rod (6) pass through a through hole (5); the through hole (5) is provided on the surface of the support plate (1); the sum of the heights of the column (4) and the screw rod (6) is greater than the height of the support plate (1); a nut (7) is threadedly sleeved on the top of the screw rod (6).

3. A support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (2) is provided with a receiving groove (8) on both sides, and a limiting shaft (9) is fixed between two parallel side walls of the receiving groove (8). The limiting shaft (9) passes through the top of the support plate (10), and a rubber ring is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting shaft (9). The rubber ring is squeezed in the holes on the surface of the limiting shaft (9) and the support plate (10) to produce elastic deformation. The bottom end of the support plate (10) is provided with a slot (11), and the extension plate (12) is inserted into the slot (11). The length of the extension plate (12) is equal to the height of the slot (11). The surface of the extension plate (12) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (13). The bottom end of the support plate (10) is screwed with a screw rod (14) on one side, and the screw rod (14) passes through the side plate of the support plate (10) and is inserted into the positioning hole (13).

4. A support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the supporting leg (15) is provided with a notch (16), between two parallel side walls of the notch (16) a second limiting axis (17) is fixed, the second limiting axis (17) passes through the middle of the fixing plate (18), four corners of the fixing plate (18) are provided with a first bolt hole (19), the top surface of the pad (3) is provided with an embedding groove (28), bolts (29) are arranged inside the embedding groove (28), an elastic baffle (30) is fixed on one side of the embedding groove (28), the elastic baffle (30) is an arc-shaped piece, a pick-up groove (31) is provided on the surface of the elastic baffle (30), and the bottom surface of the storage groove (23) is provided with a second bolt hole (32).

5. A support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pipe joint (22) is fixed at the top of the reserved groove (21), two storage grooves (23) are provided, and the two storage grooves (23) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the reserved groove (21), and screw interfaces (24) are provided on both sides of the support plate (1), and the screw interfaces (24) are in the shape of a "convex" round mouth, and a water suction pipe head (25) is screwed into the screw interfaces (24), and a plurality of round rods (27) are fixed at one end of the water suction pipe head (25).

6. A method for using the support and protection assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: After the bracket (2) is installed at the designated position, the support plate (1) is inserted into the grooves of two adjacent brackets (2). At this time, the support plate (1) and the bracket (2) form a support structure, and multiple groups of support plates (1) and brackets (2) are arranged along the area requiring support; After the support plate (10) is pulled out from the storage slot (8), the support legs (15) are pulled out to drive the extension plate (12) to extend until the fixed plate (18) contacts the ground, and the second screw rod (14) is screwed and inserted into the positioning hole (13) to brake the extension plate (12). At this time, the support plate (10) cooperates with the extension plate (12) and the support legs (15) to support the rear of the support plate (1); The bolts in the embedded groove (28) are removed in advance, and after the fixing plate (18) contacts the ground, a hole is drilled in the ground through the bolt hole 1 (19), and then the screw rod of the bolt (29) is inserted into the hole in the ground after passing through the bolt hole 1 (19), and when the supporting plate (1) is not inserted into the groove body of the bracket (2), the screw rod is inserted into the soil layer of the ground through the bolt hole 2 (32), so that the pad (3) not only supports the supporting plate (1), but also fixes the bottom end of the bracket (2) to the ground; When water accumulates in the excavated foundation pit, the pump pipe of the pump body is connected to the pipe joint (22), and then the suction pipe head (25) is screwed and removed from the screw interface (24), and the suction pipe head (25) is placed into the accumulated water, and the pump body is started to pump out the accumulated water through the suction pipe head (25) to discharge the accumulated water.

7. The method for using a supporting and protecting assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support plate (1) is inserted from top to bottom into the grooves of two adjacent brackets (2). When the bottom surface of the support plate (1) overlaps the pad (3), the column (4) and the screw rod (6) are inserted into the through hole (5), and the top end of the screw rod (6) is located above the top surface of the support plate (1). The nut (7) is sleeved and screwed onto the top end of the screw rod (6) and then locked, so that the support plate (1) is fixed between the two brackets (2).

8. The method for using a supporting and protecting assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the bracket (2) is not in use, the extension plate (12) is inserted into the slot (11), and the support plate (10) and the support leg (15) are both pushed into the storage groove (8) for storage. When the bracket (2) is in use, in order to add a diagonal support structure behind the bracket (2), the support plate (10) is moved to rotate with the limiting shaft (9) as the central axis, and the support leg (15) is pulled to drive the extension plate (12) to slide along the slot (11). When the storage groove (8) is placed flat on the ground, the screw rod (14) is screwed and inserted into the positioning hole (13) to achieve braking of the extension plate (12). A plurality of screw rods (14) are added as needed to improve the firmness of the braking of the extension plate (12).

9. The method for using a supporting and protecting assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the supporting leg (15) is pulled out of the receiving groove (8), the fixing plate (18) is moved to rotate with the second limiting axis (17) as the central axis. As the supporting leg (15) falls, the fixing plate (18) is placed flat on the ground. Then, the fixing plate (18) is fixed to the ground by means of a screw rod passing through the first bolt hole (19).

10. The method for using a supporting and protecting assembly for rock and soil excavation in construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the pumping pipe of the pump body is fixed to the pipe joint (22), after the pump body is started, the pump body pumps water from the bottom hose (26) and the water suction pipe head (25) through the pipe joint (22) and the reserved groove (21), and the water suction pipe head (25) sucks the accumulated water and discharges it through the pump body.

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