Automobile hub motor reducer with four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train and speed regulation method

Abstract

An automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train and a speed regulation method. The reducer includes a motor, an input shaft, a housing, a first brake, a second brake, a third brake, a fourth brake, a single-row two-stage planetary gear train, a clutch, a dual clutch, and a hub. In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train, the input shaft transmits the power of the motor to the first-stage sun gear. After the power enters the first-stage sun gear, it is transmitted to the integrated ring gear or from the first-stage planet carrier to the second-stage planet carrier through the clutch, and the power can be input into the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train. The second-stage planet carrier and the second-stage ring gear of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train can be output respectively. Through the matching of the two-stage input and output of the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train, four-speed regulation can be achieved. The structure of the present invention is compact, which can improve the space utilization rate, and the reducer can achieve more stable output power and speed regulation with more gears through its own structural design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly to an automotive hub motor reducer and speed regulation method of a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train. Background Art

[0002] The hub motor drive systems of new energy electric vehicles are mainly divided into two categories: direct drive type and drive type equipped with a reducer, and the latter is more common in practical applications. As a key transmission component, the hub motor reducer is built into the hub, and its function is to effectively convert the high-speed rotation of the motor into the low-speed and high-torque power output required by the wheels, and endow the vehicle with more precise speed regulation ability.

[0003] Most of the current hub motor reducers on the market adopt a single-row planetary gear train structure or a double-row planetary gear set structure. Although the structural design of the single-row planetary gear train can reduce the occupied space of the reducer, most of its structures have a fixed transmission ratio; while some structural designs of the double-row planetary gear train can achieve outputs with different transmission ratios, but this structure will inevitably lead to an increase in the occupied space of the reducer. And most hub motors cannot directly adjust the speed by means of the structure of the reducer itself, but rely on the speed regulation function of the motor to achieve variable speed output. This variable speed mechanism will, to some extent, cause the output power of the motor to be unstable.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent No. CN116605042A discloses a double-row planetary gear reducer, which adopts a two-stage planetary gear train. The motor rotor is input to the first-stage sun gear, and then output from the first-stage planetary carrier to the second-stage sun gear, and finally output from the second-stage planetary carrier, realizing two-stage speed reduction and torque increase. However, this reducer has a fixed transmission ratio and cannot achieve speed change through the reducer structure.

[0005] Chinese Patent No. CN115037096A discloses a hub motor assembly integrated with a two-stage planetary reducer. This motor assembly axially installs two planetary gear trains, and realizes the coordinated operation of the two planetary gear trains by installing the second-stage sun gear on the first-stage planetary carrier, outputting a greater torque. Although this motor assembly improves the space utilization rate inside the wheel through an overall topological design, the axial installation method of the two planetary gear trains will still cause the planetary gear trains to occupy a large amount of space, and there is still room for improvement in the structural design of the planetary gear trains inside the reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automotive hub motor reducer and speed regulation method of a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train, which has a compact structure, improves space utilization rate, and the reducer can achieve more stable output power and speed regulation with more gears through its own structural design.

[0007] One aspect of the present invention provides an automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train, including a motor, an input shaft, a housing, a first brake, a second brake, a third brake, a fourth brake, a single-row two-stage planetary gear train, a clutch, a dual clutch, and a hub.

[0008] The single-row two-stage planetary gear train includes a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage planet carrier, three equally spaced first-stage planet gears, an integral ring gear, three equally spaced second-stage planet gears, a second-stage planet carrier, and a second-stage ring gear. The input shaft is used to connect the motor and the first-stage sun gear.

[0009] The clutch includes a driving part, a driven part, and friction plates.

[0010] The dual clutch includes a first clutch, a second clutch, and a flywheel.

[0011] The first-stage sun gear, the first-stage planet carrier, the first-stage planet gears, and the integral ring gear form the first-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train; the integral ring gear, the second-stage planet carrier, the second-stage planet gears, and the second-stage ring gear form the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train; the clutch is used to connect the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planet carrier.

[0012] The first-stage planet carrier, the integral ring gear, the second-stage planet carrier, and the second-stage ring gear are respectively connected to the first brake, the second brake, the third brake, and the fourth brake. The power transmission between the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planet carrier is realized by the clutch to connect and interrupt.

[0013] In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train, the input shaft transmits the motor power to the first-stage sun gear. After the power enters the first-stage sun gear, it is transmitted to the integral ring gear or from the first-stage planet carrier to the second-stage planet carrier through the clutch, and the power can be input into the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train. The second-stage planet carrier and the second-stage ring gear of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train can output respectively. Through the combination of two-stage input and output of the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train, four-speed speed regulation can be achieved.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a speed regulation method for an automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train, including:

[0015] When the friction plates of the clutch are engaged and the integral ring gear is braked by the second brake, the power in the first-stage planetary gear train can only be transmitted from the first-stage planet carrier to the second-stage planet carrier in the second-stage planetary gear train through the clutch.

[0016] When the friction plates of the clutch are not engaged and the integral ring gear is not braked by the second brake, the power in the first-stage planetary gear train is transmitted to the second-stage planetary gear train through the integral ring gear.

[0017] The secondary gear ring and the secondary planet carrier can be respectively combined with the flywheel of the dual clutch through the first clutch and the second clutch, and finally transmit the power to the wheel hub, realizing two speed outputs. Through the matching of the two speed inputs and outputs of the secondary planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect is further realized.

[0018] The automotive wheel hub motor reducer and speed regulation method with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train of the present invention, the primary gear ring in the primary and secondary planetary gear train structures that should originally exist is combined with the secondary sun gear into an integrated gear ring, and then the structures of the two-stage planetary gear trains are further embedded in each other to form a single-row form, obtaining a single-row two-stage planetary gear train. This planetary gear train has a compact structure and improves space utilization.

[0020] 2. The present invention can achieve four-speed speed regulation. The first, second, and third gears belong to medium and low-speed gears, and the fourth gear is a high-speed gear; in the first, second, and third gears, the power is transmitted from the primary planetary gear train to the secondary planetary gear train, and then output from the secondary gear ring or the secondary planet carrier of the secondary planetary gear train. After being decelerated by two planetary gear trains, the output torque of the first, second, and third gears is greater. The fourth gear directly outputs the power from the primary planet carrier of the primary planetary gear train and is decelerated by one planetary gear train. Therefore, the output torque of the fourth gear is relatively small, which more conforms to the driving conditions of an automobile with low speed and high torque and high speed and low torque.

[0021] 3. The speed regulation method of the present invention can achieve different transmission ratio outputs by controlling the braking of the corresponding components of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train and the engagement of the clutch. Therefore, the motor can achieve speed change while keeping the speed and power unchanged, and can achieve a more stable output power. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of the automotive wheel hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the transmission part of the automotive wheel hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train from the first perspective;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train from the second perspective;

[0026] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the clutch

[0027] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the installation position of the dual clutch

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the power flow in the first gear

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the power flow in the second gear

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the power flow in the third gear

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the power flow in the fourth gear Detailed implementation manners

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a motor 1, an input shaft 2, a housing 3, a first brake 4, a second brake 5, a third brake 6, a fourth brake 7, a single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8, a clutch 9, a dual clutch 10, and a hub 11.

[0034] Among them, the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8 includes an integral ring gear 801, a first-stage sun gear 802, three equally distributed first-stage planet gears 803, a first-stage planet carrier 804, a second-stage planet carrier 805, a second-stage ring gear 806, and three equally distributed second-stage planet gears 807.

[0035] The clutch 9 includes a driven part 901, friction plates 902, and a driving part 903. The friction plates 902 are located between the driving part 903 and the driven part 901.

[0036] The dual clutch 10 includes a first clutch 1001, a second clutch 1002, and a flywheel 1003.

[0037] The first-stage sun gear 802, the first-stage planet carrier 804, the first-stage planet gears 803, and the integral ring gear 801 form the first-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8; the integral ring gear 801, the second-stage planet carrier 805, the second-stage planet gears 807, and the second-stage ring gear 806 form the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8.

[0038] In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8, the input shaft 2 transmits the power of the motor 1 to the first-stage sun gear 802. After the power enters the first-stage sun gear 802, it is transmitted to the integrated ring gear 801 or is transmitted from the first-stage planet carrier 804 to the second-stage planet carrier 805 through the clutch 9, enabling the power to be input into the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8. The second-stage planet carrier 805 and the second-stage ring gear 806 of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8 can output respectively; through the combination of two-stage input and output of the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8, four-speed regulation can be achieved.

[0039] Please refer particularly to Figure 2 , the transmission part of the in-wheel motor reducer includes an input shaft 2, a first brake 4, a second brake 5, a third brake 6, a fourth brake 7, a single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8, and a clutch 9. The input shaft 2 is used to connect the motor 1 and the first-stage sun gear 802; the brake discs of the first brake 4, the second brake 5, the third brake 6, and the fourth brake 7 are respectively connected to the first-stage planet carrier 804, the integrated ring gear 801, the second-stage planet carrier 805, and the second-stage ring gear 806 by bolts, and the motion states of each part of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8 are controlled by the brakes; the active part 903 of the clutch 9 is installed on the first-stage planet carrier 804, and the driven part 901 is installed on the second-stage planet carrier 805, which is used to connect and interrupt the power from the first-stage planet carrier 804 to the second-stage planet carrier 805.

[0040] Please refer particularly to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the integrated ring gear 801 includes internal teeth and external teeth. The internal teeth are equivalent to the ring gear of the first-stage planetary gear train, and the external teeth are equivalent to the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear train. Therefore, the first-stage sun gear 802, the first-stage planet carrier 804, the first-stage planet gears 803, and the integrated ring gear 801 form the first-stage planetary gear train part; the integrated ring gear 801, the second-stage planet carrier 805, the second-stage planet gears 807, and the second-stage ring gear 806 form the second-stage planetary gear train part. The first-stage planetary gear train and the second-stage planetary gear train are both in the same radial plane, forming a single-row two-stage planetary gear train. The three first-stage planet gears 803 are connected to the first-stage planet carrier 804 through bearings, evenly distributed in the first-stage planetary gear train, and mesh with the first-stage sun gear 802 and the internal teeth of the integrated ring gear 801. The three second-stage planet gears 807 are connected to the second-stage planet carrier 805 through bearings, evenly distributed in the second-stage planetary gear train, and mesh with the second-stage ring gear 806 and the external teeth of the integrated ring gear 801. One end face center of the first-stage planet carrier 804 is provided with a splined shaft section for connecting the active part 903 of the clutch 9. The center of the second-stage planet carrier 805 is provided with a hole with a spline groove for connecting the driven part 901 of the clutch 9. The second-stage ring gear 806 and the second-stage planet carrier 805 are provided with notches for installing the clutch plates of the second clutch 1002 of the first clutch 1001. The integrated ring gear 801 and the second-stage ring gear 806 have threaded holes for connecting the brake discs of the second brake 5 and the fourth brake 7. The shaft sections for installing the planet gears on the first-stage planet carrier 804 and the second-stage planet carrier 805 are also used for connecting the brake discs of the first brake 4 and the third brake 6.

[0041] Please refer particularly to Figure 5 , the active part 903 of the clutch 9 is connected to the shaft section on the first-stage planet carrier 804 through splines, and the driven part 901 is connected to the second-stage planet carrier 805 through splines. Through the clutch 9, the power transmission from the first-stage planet carrier 804 to the second-stage planet carrier 805 can be connected and interrupted.

[0042] Please refer particularly to Figure 6 , the second-stage ring gear 806 and the second-stage planet carrier 805 are provided with notches for installing the clutch plates of the second clutch 1002 of the first clutch 1001. By controlling the engagement and interruption of the first clutch 1001 and the second clutch 1002, the second-stage planet carrier 805 and the second-stage ring gear 806 can respectively transmit power to the flywheel 1003, and finally the power can be transmitted to the hub 11.

[0043] An embodiment of the present invention provides a speed regulation method for the automotive hub motor reducer of the above four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train, including:

[0044] When the friction plate 902 of the clutch 9 is engaged and the integrated ring gear 801 is braked by the second brake 5, the power in the first-stage planetary gear train can only be transmitted from the first-stage planet carrier 804 to the second-stage planet carrier 805 in the second-stage planetary gear train through the clutch 9;

[0045] When the friction plate 902 of the clutch 9 is not engaged and the integral gear ring 801 is not braked by the second brake 5, the power in the first-stage planetary gear train is transmitted to the second-stage planetary gear train through the integral gear ring 801;

[0046] The second-stage gear ring 806 and the second-stage planet carrier 805 can be respectively engaged with the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10 through the first clutch 1001 and the second clutch 1002, and finally the power is transmitted to the wheel hub 11, realizing two speed outputs. Through the matching of the two speed inputs and outputs of the second-stage planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect is realized.

[0047] The speed regulation method of the in-wheel motor reducer will be described in detail below. In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train 8, the first-stage planet carrier 804, the integral gear ring 801, the second-stage planet carrier 805 and the second-stage gear ring 806 are respectively connected with the first brake 4, the second brake 5, the third brake 6 and the fourth brake 7. The power transmission between the first-stage planet carrier 804 and the second-stage planet carrier 805 is realized by the clutch 9 to connect and interrupt.

[0048] Power is transmitted from the motor 1 to the first-stage sun gear 802 through the input shaft 2. If the first brake 4 or the second brake 5 is braked, the power of the first-stage planetary gear train will be output from the integral gear ring 801 or the first-stage planet carrier 804. When the first-stage planet carrier 804 outputs, the clutch 9 is engaged; when the integral gear ring 801 outputs, the clutch 9 is disengaged, and thus the power of the second-stage planetary gear train can be input from the second-stage planet carrier 805 or the integral gear ring 801.

[0049] When the power of the second-stage planetary gear train is input from the integral gear ring 801, if the third brake 6 or the fourth brake 7 is braked, the power of the second-stage planetary gear train will be output from the second-stage gear ring 806 or the second-stage planet carrier 805. When the power of the second-stage planetary gear train is input from the second-stage planet carrier 805, the power of the second-stage planetary gear train will be output from the second-stage gear ring 806 or directly output from the second-stage planet carrier 805. The above second-stage planetary gear train has realized a total of four-speed outputs. Finally, when the second-stage planet carrier 805 and the second-stage gear ring 806 output, the corresponding first clutch 1001 or second clutch 1002 is engaged, and finally the power is transmitted to the wheel hub 11.

[0050] The transmission routes of each gear are described as follows:

[0051] First gear: Its power flow is as Figure 7As shown, the motor 1 rotates forward, the first brake 4 and the third brake 6 are braked, and the first-stage planetary carrier 804 and the second-stage planetary carrier 805 will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor 1 inputs power to the first-stage sun gear 802 through the input shaft 2. The power is transmitted from the first-stage sun gear 802 to the first-stage planetary gear 803, then from the first-stage planetary gear 803 to the integral ring gear 801, and finally the integral ring gear 801 outputs the power; in the second-stage planetary gear train, the integral ring gear 801 serves as the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear train to input power. The power is transmitted from the integral ring gear 801 to the second-stage planetary gear 807, then from the second-stage planetary gear 807 to the second-stage ring gear 806, and finally the second-stage ring gear 806 outputs the power. The first clutch 1001 in the dual clutch 10 is engaged, and the second-stage ring gear 806 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 11;

[0052] Second gear: Its power flow is as Figure 8 shown. The motor 1 rotates in reverse, the first brake 4 and the fourth brake 7 are braked, and the first-stage planetary carrier 804 and the second-stage ring gear 806 will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor 1 inputs power to the first-stage sun gear 802 through the input shaft 2. The power is transmitted from the first-stage sun gear 802 to the first-stage planetary gear 803, then from the first-stage planetary gear 803 to the integral ring gear 801, and finally the integral ring gear 801 outputs the power; in the second-stage planetary gear train, the integral ring gear 801 serves as the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear train to input power. The power is transmitted from the integral ring gear 801 to the second-stage planetary gear 807, then from the second-stage planetary gear 807 to the second-stage planetary carrier 805, and finally the second-stage planetary carrier 805 outputs the power. The second clutch 1002 in the dual clutch 10 is engaged, and the second-stage planetary carrier 805 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 11;

[0053] Third gear: Its power flow is as Figure 9 shown. The motor 1 rotates forward, the second brake 5 is braked, and the integral ring gear 801 will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor 1 inputs power to the first-stage sun gear 802 through the input shaft 2. The power is transmitted from the first-stage sun gear 802 to the first-stage planetary gear 803, then from the first-stage planetary gear 803 to the first-stage planetary carrier 804, and finally the first-stage planetary carrier 804 outputs the power. The clutch 9 is engaged, and the first-stage planetary carrier 804 transmits the power to the second-stage planetary carrier 805; in the second-stage planetary gear train, the second-stage planetary carrier 805 inputs the power. The power is transmitted from the second-stage planetary carrier 805 to the second-stage planetary gear 807, then from the second-stage planetary gear 807 to the second-stage ring gear 806, and finally the second-stage ring gear 806 outputs the power. The first clutch 1001 in the dual clutch 10 is engaged, and the second-stage ring gear 806 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 11;

[0054] Fourth gear: Its power flow is as Figure 10 shown. The motor 1 rotates forward, the brake 1-4 is braked, and the integrated ring gear 801 will remain fixed. In the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor 1 inputs power to the first-stage sun gear 802 through the input shaft 2. The power is transmitted from the first-stage sun gear 802 to the first-stage planet gear 803, then from the first-stage planet gear 803 to the first-stage planet carrier 804. Finally, the first-stage planet carrier 804 outputs the power. The clutch 9 is engaged, and the first-stage planet carrier 804 transmits the power to the second-stage planet carrier 805. The second clutch 1002 in the dual clutch 10 is engaged, and the second-stage planet carrier 805 transmits the power to the flywheel 1003 of the dual clutch 10, and then the flywheel 1003 transmits the power to the wheel hub 11.

[0055] The transmission ratios of the above four gears are calculated as follows:

[0056] The transmission ratios of the four-speed regulation are respectively:

[0057] ;

[0058] ;

[0059] ;

[0060] ;

[0061] Among them, i 1 is the first-gear transmission ratio, i 2 is the second-gear transmission ratio, i 3 is the third-gear transmission ratio, i 4 is the fourth-gear transmission ratio, z 1 is the number of teeth of the first-stage sun gear, z 3 is the number of internal teeth of the integrated ring gear, z 4 is the number of external teeth of the integrated ring gear, z 6 is the number of teeth of the second-stage ring gear.

[0062] In summary, according to the automotive wheel hub motor reducer and speed regulation method with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0063] 1. In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train of the present invention, the first-stage ring gear and the second-stage sun gear in the first-stage and second-stage planetary gear train structures that should originally exist are combined into an integrated ring gear, and then the structures of the two-stage planetary gear trains are further embedded in each other to form a single-row form, obtaining a single-row two-stage planetary gear train. This planetary gear train has a compact structure and improves the space utilization rate.

[0064] 2. The present invention can achieve four-speed regulation. The first, second, and third gears belong to medium and low-speed gears, and the fourth gear is a high-speed gear. For the first, second, and third gears, the power is transmitted from the first-stage planetary gear train to the second-stage planetary gear train, and then output from the second-stage ring gear or the second-stage planet carrier of the second-stage planetary gear train, undergoing deceleration through two planetary gear trains. Therefore, the output torque of the first, second, and third gears is greater. For the fourth gear, the power is directly output from the first-stage planet carrier of the first-stage planetary gear train, undergoing deceleration through one planetary gear train. Therefore, the output torque of the fourth gear is relatively smaller, which better conforms to the driving conditions of an automobile with low speed and high torque and high speed and low torque.

[0065] 3. The speed regulation method of the present invention can achieve different transmission ratio outputs by controlling the braking of the corresponding components of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train and the engagement of the clutch. Therefore, the motor can achieve speed change while maintaining the rotational speed and power unchanged, and can achieve a more stable output power.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A speed regulation method for an automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train, characterized in that, The automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train includes a motor, an input shaft, a housing, a first brake, a second brake, a third brake, a fourth brake, a single-row two-stage planetary gear train, a clutch, a dual clutch, and a hub. The single-row two-stage planetary gear train includes a first-stage sun gear, a first-stage planet carrier, three equally spaced first-stage planet gears, an integral ring gear, three equally spaced second-stage planet gears, a second-stage planet carrier, and a second-stage ring gear. The input shaft is used to connect the motor and the first-stage sun gear. The clutch includes a driving part, a driven part, and friction plates. The dual clutch includes a first clutch, a second clutch, and a flywheel. The first-stage sun gear, the first-stage planet carrier, the first-stage planet gears, and the integral ring gear form the first-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train; the integral ring gear, the second-stage planet carrier, the second-stage planet gears, and the second-stage ring gear form the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train. The clutch is used to connect the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planet carrier. The first-stage planet carrier, the integral ring gear, the second-stage planet carrier, and the second-stage ring gear are respectively connected to the first brake, the second brake, the third brake, and the fourth brake. The power transmission between the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planet carrier is achieved through the clutch to connect and interrupt. In the single-row two-stage planetary gear train, the input shaft transmits the motor power to the first-stage sun gear. After the power enters the first-stage sun gear, it is transmitted to the integral ring gear or from the first-stage planet carrier to the second-stage planet carrier through the clutch, and the power can be input into the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train. The second-stage planet carrier and the second-stage ring gear of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train can respectively output. Through the matching of the two-stage input and output of the second-stage planetary gear train of the single-row two-stage planetary gear train, four-speed speed regulation can be achieved. Both the first-stage planetary gear train and the second-stage planetary gear train are in the same radial plane, forming a single-row two-stage planetary gear train; the three first-stage planet gears are connected to the first-stage planet carrier through bearings, and the first-stage planet gears mesh with the inner teeth of the first-stage sun gear and the integral ring gear; the three second-stage planet gears are connected to the second-stage planet carrier through bearings, and the second-stage planet gears mesh with the outer teeth of the second-stage ring gear and the integral ring gear. One end face center of the first-stage planet carrier is provided with a splined shaft section for connecting the driving part of the clutch; the center of the second-stage planet carrier is provided with a splined hole for connecting the driven part of the clutch. The integral ring gear and the second-stage ring gear are provided with threaded holes for connecting the brake discs of the second brake and the fourth brake. The shaft sections of the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planet carrier for installing the planet gears are used to connect the brake discs of the first brake and the third brake. The speed regulation method includes: When the friction plates of the clutch are engaged and the integral ring gear is braked by the second brake, the power in the first-stage planetary gear train can only be transmitted from the first-stage planet carrier to the second-stage planet carrier in the second-stage planetary gear train through the clutch. When the friction plates of the clutch are not engaged and the integral ring gear is not braked by the second brake, the power in the first-stage planetary gear train is transmitted to the second-stage planetary gear train through the integral ring gear. The secondary gear ring and the secondary planet carrier can be respectively combined with the flywheel of the dual clutch through the first clutch and the second clutch, and finally transmit the power to the wheel hub, realizing two speed outputs. Through the matching of the two speed inputs and outputs of the secondary planetary gear train, a four-speed speed regulation effect is realized; Among them, the processes of four-speed speed regulation are respectively: First gear: The motor rotates forward, the first brake and the third brake are braked, and the first-stage planet carrier and the second-stage planet carrier will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor inputs power to the first-stage sun gear through the input shaft, and the integral gear ring outputs; in the second-stage planetary gear train, the integral gear ring is input as the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear train, and the secondary gear ring outputs. The first clutch in the dual clutch is combined, and the secondary gear ring transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub; Second gear: The motor rotates reversely, the first brake and the fourth brake are braked, and the first-stage planet carrier and the secondary gear ring will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor inputs power to the first-stage sun gear through the input shaft, and the integral gear ring outputs; in the second-stage planetary gear train, the integral gear ring is input as the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear train, and the secondary planet carrier outputs. The second clutch in the dual clutch is combined, and the secondary planet carrier transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub; Third gear: The motor rotates forward, the second brake is braked, and the integral gear ring will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor inputs power to the first-stage sun gear through the input shaft, and the first-stage planet carrier outputs. The clutch is combined, and the first-stage planet carrier transmits the power to the second-stage planet carrier; in the second-stage planetary gear train, the second-stage planet carrier is used as the power input, and the secondary gear ring outputs. The first clutch in the dual clutch is combined, and the secondary gear ring transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub; Fourth gear: The motor rotates forward, the second brake is braked, and the integral gear ring will remain fixed; in the first-stage planetary gear train, the motor inputs power to the first-stage sun gear through the input shaft, and the first-stage planet carrier outputs. The clutch is combined, and the first-stage planet carrier transmits the power to the second-stage planet carrier. The second clutch in the dual clutch is combined, and the secondary planet carrier transmits the power to the flywheel of the dual clutch, and then the flywheel transmits the power to the wheel hub.

2. The speed regulation method of the automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active part of the clutch is installed on the first-stage planet carrier, and the driven part is installed on the second-stage planet carrier. The clutch is used to connect and interrupt the power from the first-stage planet carrier to the second-stage planet carrier.

3. The speed regulation method of the automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary gear ring and the secondary planet carrier are provided with notches for installing the clutch discs of the first clutch and the second clutch; by controlling the engagement and interruption of the first clutch and the second clutch, the secondary planet carrier and the secondary gear ring can respectively transmit the power to the flywheel, and finally the power can be transmitted to the wheel hub.

4. The speed regulation method of the automotive hub motor reducer with a four-speed single-row two-stage planetary gear train according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission ratios of the four-speed speed regulation are respectively: ； ； ； ； Among them, i 1 is the first-gear transmission ratio, i 2 is the second-gear transmission ratio, i 3 is the third-gear transmission ratio, i 4 is the fourth-gear transmission ratio, z 1 is the number of teeth of the first-stage sun gear, z 3 is the number of internal teeth of the integrated ring gear, z 4 is the number of external teeth of the integrated ring gear, z 6 is the number of teeth of the second-stage ring gear.

Images