Rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forming equipment, and particularly discloses rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment and method. A hydraulic system, a quantitative discharging device, a magnetic field generating device and a forming cylinder are installed on the machine body, a hydraulic arm is arranged in the hydraulic system, a profiling piston is arranged in the forming cylinder, driven by the hydraulic arm to move up and down and driven by a second driving device to rotate, and a radial groove is formed in the lower end of the profiling piston. A scraping plate is arranged in the radial groove, and the vertical position of the scraping plate is adjusted by a first driving device; a feeding hole is formed in the side wall of the forming cylinder and connected with a quantitative discharging device, and a profiling base plate capable of moving up and down is arranged below the forming cylinder. When the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment works, magnetic powder can be prevented from making contact with air, and the good anti-oxidation effect is achieved; operation in an inert gas atmosphere is not needed, so that the process complexity and cost are greatly reduced; and by optimizing a blanking mode and magnetic field distribution, the orientation efficiency and effect are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of molding equipment, and in particular to a rare earth permanent magnet molding equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] In the processing technology of rare earth permanent magnets, the molding process directly affects the performance of the magnets. It is a basic technical requirement to ensure that the magnetic powder is protected from oxidation during the molding process. For example, a rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line and an intelligent production method for rare earth permanent magnet materials disclosed in Publication No. CN119400584A use a sealed magnetic field press in the molding and orientation process to complete the molding and orientation of the magnetic powder under a protective atmosphere. Although this technical method can avoid the contact of rare earth permanent magnet materials with the atmosphere and prevent oxidation from reducing product performance, it requires the configuration of a high-performance gas protection system because the molding process is carried out in an inert gas (such as argon or nitrogen) atmosphere. The purity of the inert gas is extremely high, and the gas flow rate, flow rate and other parameters need to be precisely controlled, which greatly increases the process complexity and cost. At the same time, the magnetic powder is molded in an inert gas atmosphere, and the gas is easily wrapped inside the blank to form bubbles. These bubbles are released during the subsequent sintering process, which will significantly increase the porosity of the product, damage the magnetic properties and mechanical properties of the product, and even induce microcracks and internal defects, seriously reducing the reliability and service life of the product.

[0003] In the molding process of rare earth permanent magnets, orientation is usually combined. In the current molding process, magnetic powder is placed in the mold cavity, and a high-intensity magnetic field is applied to induce the powder particles to align along a specific magnetization direction to complete the orientation. However, during the orientation process, the magnetic powder is in the mold cavity and its fluidity is limited, and the friction resistance between particles increases, making it difficult to achieve perfect orientation of all particles under the action of an external magnetic field. Some particles may deviate from the ideal direction due to friction resistance, thereby affecting the overall orientation degree. Especially when the green body is large, the orientation effect is even more difficult to guarantee. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a rare earth permanent magnet forming device and method, which presses magnetic powder into a green body in a vacuum environment to achieve a good anti-oxidation effect. Since there is no need to configure an inert gas atmosphere, the process is simpler and the cost is lower, while avoiding the adverse effects of gas doping inside the green body on product quality. In addition, the present invention significantly improves the orientation effect by optimizing the material feeding method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment, including a machine body, a hydraulic system, a quantitative feeding device and a magnetic field generating device are installed on the machine body, and a hydraulic arm that can move up and down is provided in the hydraulic system, characterized in that: a vertical and cylindrical forming cylinder is fixed on the machine body, a sealing and matching forming piston is provided in the forming cylinder, a piston rod fixedly connected to the forming piston is provided above the forming piston, a first mounting seat fixedly connected to the piston rod is provided above the piston rod, a second mounting seat rotatably connected to the first mounting seat is provided above the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat is located below the hydraulic arm and the two are fixedly connected; a second driving device connected to the first mounting seat in transmission is installed on the second mounting seat, and the second driving device can drive the forming piston to rotate horizontally; a radial groove is provided at the lower end of the forming piston, and the forming piston and the piston rod are connected in a radial direction. A vertical hole is provided which passes through the upper and lower parts, and a core rod which can slide up and down is provided in the vertical hole, and a scraper is fixed to the lower end of the core rod; a first driving device which can adjust the upper and lower positions of the scraper is provided on the first mounting seat; the scraper is located in the radial groove in the initial position and the lower end surfaces of the two are flush; a feed hole is provided on the side wall of the forming cylinder, and the feed hole is sealed and connected to the quantitative feeding device through a chute, and the material bin of the quantitative feeding device is only connected to the forming cylinder; a corrugated chassis is provided under the forming cylinder, and the corrugated chassis is supported by a lifting device and can adjust the upper and lower positions, and the lower end of the forming cylinder is blocked when the corrugated chassis is in the initial position; the magnetic field generating device can generate the magnetic field required for orientation at the position of the forming cylinder, and a magnetic conductive plate is provided on the magnetic field generating device, and the magnetic conductive plate is located on one side of the chute.

[0006] A rare earth permanent magnet forming method, using magnetic powder as raw material and using the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment to make a green body, characterized in that it includes the following steps: Step 1: Initialization of molding equipment; Adjust the scraper to the initial position, move the hydraulic arm downward until the lower ends of the profiling piston and the forming cylinder are flush, and adjust the profiling chassis to the initial position; Step 2: Formation of vacuum cavity; The hydraulic arm moves upward until the profiling piston is located above the feed hole, and a vacuum cavity is formed between the profiling piston and the profiling bottom plate; Step 3: Filling and orientation; The magnetic field generating device generates the magnetic field required for orientation, and the quantitative feeding device outputs the magnetic powder required for making the blank, and the magnetic powder flows into the vacuum mold cavity through the material chute and the feeding hole; the scraper is adjusted to the bottom of the pressing piston, and the first placement seat is driven to rotate by the second driving device, and the scraper flattens the top of the magnetic powder in the vacuum mold cavity by rotation; the magnetic powder is affected by the magnetic field during the flow in the material chute and after entering the vacuum mold cavity, so as to achieve orientation arrangement; Step 4: Pressing; The scraper is adjusted to the initial position, the hydraulic arm moves downward, and the pressing piston applies pressure to the magnetic powder in the vacuum mold cavity until the magnetic powder is pressed into a green body; Step 5: demoulding; The pressing piston and the pressing bottom plate move downward synchronously, so that the blank is separated from the lower end of the forming cylinder, and the blank is demoulded.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the first driving device includes a first motor fixed on the first mounting seat and a screw sleeve rotatably fixed on the first mounting seat, a driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor, a driven gear is fixed on the screw sleeve and the central axes of the two coincide, and the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear; a threaded section is provided in the middle and upper part of the core rod, the screw sleeve is sleeved on the threaded section and the two are threadedly matched.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a workbench is fixed on the machine body, and the workbench is located below the forming cylinder. A through hole is provided on the workbench, and the press bottom plate can move downward and enter the through hole, and the shapes of the two are consistent.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the second mounting seat is in the shape of a square frame, a shaft sleeve is fixed to the lower end of the second mounting seat, a support shaft is fixed to the upper end of the first mounting seat, and the support shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve; the second driving device is a reduction motor, and the output shaft of the second driving device is connected to the support shaft via a coupling.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the feed hole is an inclined hole, and the position of the quantitative feeding device is higher than that of the forming cylinder.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a gap is reserved between the two ends of the scraper and the side wall of the forming cylinder, liquid outlet holes are opened on the two end surfaces of the scraper, and a liquid inlet joint is provided at the upper end of the core rod. The liquid inlet joint is connected with the liquid outlet hole through a flow channel opened inside the core rod and the scraper; a liquid storage bottle is fixed on the first mounting seat, and a release agent is stored in the liquid storage bottle. The liquid storage bottle is connected with the liquid inlet joint through a pipeline.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a mold core extending vertically and capable of sliding up and down is installed on the profile chassis, and a reset spring for driving the mold core to move upward is provided below the mold core; when the mold core is in a reset state, the upper end of the mold core is located on the upper side of the profile chassis, and the mold core moves downward, so that the upper end surfaces of the mold core and the profile chassis can be flush; Furthermore, the lifting device includes a lifting column, the profiled chassis is fixed above the lifting column, the lifting column is hollow inside, a guide portion is fixed at the lower end of the mold core, the guide portion is located in the lifting column and the two are slidably matched, and the reset spring is located in the lifting column.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, in step 3, before filling, the scraper is adjusted to be below the profiling piston and simultaneously below the feed port, and during the filling process, the second drive device is used to drive the first mounting seat to rotate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment is working, it can avoid the contact between magnetic powder and air, and achieve a good anti-oxidation effect; it does not need to be operated under an inert gas atmosphere, which greatly reduces the process complexity and cost, and eliminates the influence of inert gas being sealed inside the blank on product quality.

[0015] 2. When the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment is working, the magnetic powder is dispersed and tends to flow at a uniform speed during the feeding process, and is more easily magnetized and oriented, providing a good foundation for the orientation in the subsequent pressing process, thereby significantly improving the orientation efficiency and effect.

[0016] 3. When the rare earth permanent magnet molding equipment is working, the vacuum mold cavity is automatically formed based on the changes in the relative positions of the molding piston, the molding chassis and the molding cylinder, without the need to set up additional vacuum equipment for assistance, making the overall structure of the equipment simple and compact, and effectively reducing the equipment cost and operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front side of the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the back side of the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the forming cylinder, the pressing piston, the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the scraper, the profiled piston, the first mounting seat and the first driving device.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partially cutaway matching structure of a scraper, a profiled piston, a first seating seat and a first drive device.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the first mounting seat, the first driving device, the second mounting seat and the second driving device.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the initial state of the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the scraper flattens the top of the magnetic powder by rotating.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the pressing piston presses the magnetic powder into a green body.

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment during demolding of the blank.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of installing the mold core on the pressed chassis.

[0029] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the mold core of the rare earth permanent magnet molding equipment in the initial state.

[0030] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the pressing piston and the mold core when pressing the magnetic powder into a blank.

[0031] In the figure: 1, machine body, 2, lifting device, 3, workbench, 4, through hole, 5, press chassis, 6, magnetic field generating device, 7, forming cylinder, 8, magnetic plate, 9, piston rod, 10, first placement seat, 11, second placement seat, 12, quantitative feeding device, 13, second driving device, 14, hydraulic system, 15, hydraulic arm, 16, slide pipe, 17, scraper, 18, core rod, 19, sealing ring, 20, press Piston, 21, radial groove, 22, feed hole, 23, liquid outlet, 24, driven gear, 25, liquid storage bottle, 26, screw sleeve, 27, support shaft, 28, first motor, 29, driving gear, 30, liquid inlet joint, 31, bushing, 32, coupling, 33, vertical hole, 34, slider, 35, threaded section, 36, vacuum cavity, 37, lifting column, 38, reset spring, 39, core, 40, guide part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, this embodiment discloses a rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment, which includes a body 1, on which a hydraulic system 14, a quantitative feeding device 12 and a magnetic field generating device 6 are installed; the hydraulic system 14 is used to provide the forming equipment with the power required to press the magnetic powder into a blank, and is provided with a hydraulic arm 15 that can move up and down, and the hydraulic arm 15 is usually driven by a cylinder in the hydraulic system 14, and can output power both upward and downward; the quantitative feeding device 12 can quantitatively output powder materials, i.e., magnetic powder, according to preset data; the magnetic field generating device 6 is usually composed of an excitation power supply and a magnetizing device, and is used to provide the required magnetic field environment for magnetic powder orientation; the hydraulic system 14, the quantitative feeding device 12 and the magnetic field generating device 6 are commonly used devices in the field of rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment, and the specific structure and working principle are not repeated here; like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, a vertically placed forming cylinder 7 is fixed on the machine body 1, and the forming cylinder 7 is cylindrical and has an open structure at both ends. A compression piston 20 that seals with the forming cylinder 7 is provided in the forming cylinder 7; the compression piston 20 is cylindrical, and the compression piston 20 can move up and down in the forming cylinder 7 and the two can rotate relatively, and the compression piston 20 can ensure the sealing effect with the forming cylinder 7 by sleeve-arranging a sealing ring 19; a piston rod 9 that extends vertically and is fixedly connected to the compression piston 20 is provided above the compression piston 20, and a first placement seat 10 that is fixedly connected to the piston rod 9 is provided above the piston rod 9. A second mounting seat 11 is provided above the first mounting seat 10 and is rotatably connected thereto; the second mounting seat 11 is located below the hydraulic arm 15 and the two are fixedly connected, and a second driving device 13 is installed on the second mounting seat 11 and is transmission-connected to the first mounting seat 10, and the second driving device 13 can drive the first mounting seat 10 to rotate horizontally, thereby indirectly driving the pressing piston 20 to rotate in the forming cylinder 7; a radial groove 21 extending in the diameter direction is provided at the lower end of the pressing piston 20, and a vertical hole 33 penetrating from top to bottom is provided in the pressing piston 20 and the piston rod 9, and the vertical hole 3 ... A core rod 18 is provided in the vertical hole 33, and the core rod 18 can slide up and down along the vertical hole 33, but cannot rotate. A scraper 17 is fixed to the lower end of the core rod 18; a first driving device connected to the core rod 18 is installed on the first placement seat 10, and the first driving device can drive the core rod 18 to move to adjust the up and down position of the scraper 17; the scraper 17 is located in the radial groove 21 in the initial position, and at this time, the lower end surfaces of the scraper 17 and the profiling piston 20 are flush; a feed hole 22 is provided on the side wall of the forming cylinder 7, and the feed hole 22 is provided with a material feed hole 22 through which the material is fed. The tube 16 is sealed and connected to the output end of the quantitative feeding device 12. The silo for storing magnetic powder in the quantitative feeding device 12 is connected to the forming cylinder 7 only through the feeding tube 16 and is isolated from the outside atmosphere. A corrugated chassis 5 is provided under the forming cylinder 7. The corrugated chassis 5 is supported by a lifting device 2 and can adjust its position up and down. When the corrugated chassis 5 is in the initial position, the lower end of the forming cylinder 7 is blocked. The magnetic field generating device 6 can generate the magnetic field required for orientation at the position of the forming cylinder 7. A magnetic conductive plate 8 is provided on the magnetic field generating device 6. The magnetic conductive plate 8 is located on one side of the feeding tube 16.

[0034] At the same time, if Figure 3 , Figure 7-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment discloses a rare earth permanent magnet forming method, using magnetic powder as a raw material and using the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment to make a blank, including the following steps: Step 1: Initialization of molding equipment; The core rod 18 is driven upward by the first driving device to adjust the scraper 17 to the initial position; the hydraulic arm 15 is moved downward until the lower ends of the profiling piston 20 and the forming cylinder 7 are flush with each other; the profiling chassis 5 is adjusted to the initial position by the lifting device 2, that is, the profiling chassis 5 blocks the lower end of the forming cylinder 7; Step 2: Formation of vacuum cavity 36; The hydraulic arm 15 is used to drive the profiling piston 20 to move upward until the profiling piston 20 is located above the feed hole 22. As the profiling piston 20 moves upward, a vacuum cavity 36 is formed between the profiling piston 20 and the profiling bottom plate 5. Since the material bin of the quantitative feeding device 12 adopts a closed design, the feed port will not be connected to the outside world, thereby ensuring that the vacuum cavity 36 can maintain a vacuum environment. Step 3: Filling and orientation; The magnetic field generating device 6 generates the magnetic field required for orientation; the quantitative feeding device 12 outputs the magnetic powder required for making the blank, and the magnetic powder flows into the vacuum mold cavity 36 through the material chute 16 and the feed hole 22; the core rod 18 is driven downward by the first driving device, and the scraper 17 is adjusted to the bottom of the pressing piston 20, and then the first placement seat 10 is driven to rotate by the second driving device 13, and the scraper 17 scrapes the top of the magnetic powder in the vacuum mold cavity 36 flat by rotation to ensure that the magnetic powder is evenly distributed in the vacuum mold cavity 36; the magnetic powder is affected by the magnetic field during the flow in the material chute 16 and after entering the vacuum mold cavity 36, so as to achieve orientation arrangement; Step 4: Pressing; The core rod 18 is driven upward by the first driving device to adjust the scraper 17 to the initial position; the hydraulic arm 15 moves downward, and the pressing piston 20 applies pressure to the magnetic powder in the vacuum mold cavity 36 until the magnetic powder is pressed into a green body with good density; Step 5: demoulding; The hydraulic arm 15 and the lifting device 2 are used to drive the profiling piston 20 and the profiling chassis 5 to move downward synchronously, so that the blank in the vacuum mold cavity 36 moves downward. When the lower ends of the profiling piston 20 and the forming cylinder 7 are flush, the blank is completely separated from the lower end of the forming cylinder 7, thereby completing the demolding of the blank.

[0035] When the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment is working, the magnetic powder is in an environment isolated from the outside world during the process of feeding and pressing, which can avoid contact with the air and achieve a good anti-oxidation effect. There is no need to operate under an inert gas atmosphere, which not only greatly reduces the process complexity and cost, but also eliminates the impact of inert gas being sealed inside the blank on product quality.

[0036] When the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment is working, the quantitative feeding device is used in conjunction with the material feeding pipe for feeding. The magnetic conductive plate can generate a magnetic field at the material feeding pipe. The magnetic powder is dispersed and tends to flow at a uniform speed during the feeding process, and is more easily magnetized and oriented, providing a good foundation for orientation in the subsequent pressing process, thereby significantly improving the orientation efficiency and orientation effect.

[0037] When the rare earth permanent magnet molding equipment is working, the vacuum mold cavity is automatically formed based on the changes in the relative positions of the pressing piston, the pressing chassis and the molding cylinder, and there is no need to set up additional vacuum extraction equipment for assistance, so that the overall structure of the equipment is simple and compact, and the equipment cost and operation cost are effectively reduced.

[0038] In the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment, the scraper and the pressing piston adopt a combined design. When the magnetic powder is pressed, the scraper and the pressing piston are in a combined state to jointly apply pressure to the magnetic powder; therefore, in the implementation of the present invention, it should be ensured that the scraper is flush with the lower end surface of the pressing piston in the initial position, and the matching clearance between the scraper and the pressing piston should also be controlled to ensure that the upper end surface of the blank is flat and smooth; obviously, based on the existing precision machining technology, the scraper and the pressing piston can be precisely matched to meet the aforementioned technical requirements, and there are no technical obstacles in the implementation process.

[0039] See also Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, in the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment, the first driving device is connected to the core rod 18 for adjusting the up and down position of the scraper 17; based on the setting intention of the first driving device, it has a variety of implementation structures to choose from with reference to the prior art. For example, the first driving device can be a common linear driving mechanism such as a linear motor, an electric telescopic rod, a cylinder and an oil cylinder, and can also be implemented based on a gear rack mechanism or a screw mechanism and a motor. In this embodiment, in order to make the structural layout of the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment more reasonable and compact, preferably, the first driving device includes a first mounting seat 10 fixed to the first mounting seat 10. A first motor 28 and a screw sleeve 26 rotatably fixed on the first mounting seat 10, a driving gear 29 is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 28, a driven gear 24 is fixed on the screw sleeve 26 and the central axes of the two coincide, and the driven gear 24 is meshed with the driving gear 29; a threaded section 35 is provided at the middle and upper part of the core rod 18, the screw sleeve 26 is sleeved on the threaded section 35 and the two are threadedly matched; thus, the screw sleeve 26 and the core rod 18 constitute a screw mechanism, and when the output shaft of the first motor 28 rotates in different directions, the core rod 18 can be driven to move upward or downward, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the upper and lower positions of the scraper 17.

[0040] Preferably, see Figure 5As shown, the vertical hole 33 in the piston rod 9 is a square hole, and a slider 34 that can slide in the square hole is fixed on the core rod 18. Based on the cooperation between the slider 34 and the square hole, the core rod 18 and the piston rod 9 can be prevented from rotating relative to each other, and the upper and lower positions of the core rod 18 can be limited.

[0041] Preferably, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a workbench 3 is fixed on the machine body 1, and the workbench 3 is located below the forming cylinder 7. A through hole 4 is provided on the workbench 3, and the profiling chassis 5 can move downward and enter the through hole 4, and the shapes of the two are consistent; therefore, in step 5, after the blank is demolded, the lifting device 2 can be used to continue to drive the profiling chassis 5 to move downward until the profiling chassis 5 enters the through hole 4, and then the workbench 3 is in a flat state, and the workbench 3 can be used to conveniently perform subsequent operations on the blank, for example, checking the integrity of the blank, and for example, vacuum coating the blank for subsequent cold isostatic pressing process.

[0042] Preferably, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the second mounting seat 11 is in a square shape, a shaft sleeve 31 is fixed to the lower end of the second mounting seat 11, a support shaft 27 is fixed to the upper end of the first mounting seat 10, and the support shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve 31; the second driving device 13 is a reduction motor, and the output shaft of the second driving device 13 is connected to the support shaft 27 via a coupling 32.

[0043] Preferably, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the feed hole 22 is an inclined hole, and the position of the quantitative feeding device 12 is higher than the position of the forming tube 7. Therefore, in the step 3, the magnetic powder can flow smoothly into the vacuum mold cavity in the forming tube 7 based on gravity, and is not easy to remain in the chute 16 and the feed hole 22.

[0044] Preferably, see Figure 3-Figure 6As shown, a gap is reserved between the two ends of the scraper 17 and the side wall of the forming cylinder 7, and liquid outlet holes 23 are provided on both end surfaces of the scraper 17. A liquid inlet joint 30 is provided at the upper end of the core rod 18, and the liquid inlet joint 30 is connected with the liquid outlet hole 23 through a flow channel opened in the core rod 18 and the scraper 17; a liquid storage bottle 25 is fixed on the first placement seat 10, and a release agent is stored in the liquid storage bottle 25. The liquid storage bottle 25 is connected with the liquid inlet joint 30 through a pipeline; therefore, in the step 2, the hydraulic arm 15 drives the press piston 20 to move upward, and at the same time, the hydraulic arm 15 drives the press piston 20 to move upward. The second driving device 13 drives the first placement seat 10 to rotate, so that the scraper 17 is rotated while rising. Due to the negative pressure in the vacuum mold cavity 36, the demoulding agent in the liquid storage bottle 25 enters the flow channel in the core rod 18 through the pipeline and the liquid inlet joint 30, and is finally sprayed evenly on the inner wall of the forming cylinder 7 through the liquid outlet hole 23, thereby realizing the automatic application of the demoulding agent; the reasonable use of the demoulding agent is conducive to the smooth demoulding of the blank on the one hand, and on the other hand, because the demoulding agent has a good lubricating effect, it is conducive to improving the sealing of the pressing piston 20 and the forming cylinder 7, and reducing mechanical wear; Furthermore, a control valve (not shown) is installed between the liquid storage bottle 25 and the liquid inlet connector 30, so that the use state of the release agent can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0045] Preferably, see Fig.11 As shown, a mold core 39 extending vertically and capable of sliding up and down is installed on the profiling chassis 5, and a reset spring 38 for driving the mold core 39 to move upward is provided below the mold core 39; when the mold core 39 is in the reset state, the upper end of the mold core 39 is located on the upper side of the profiling chassis 5, and the mold core 39 moves downward, so that the upper end surfaces of the mold core 39 and the profiling chassis 5 can be flush; thereby, the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment can be applied to the forming processing of hollow annular blanks, and the mold core 39 can be correspondingly set into a columnar structure such as a cylinder, an elliptical column and a square column according to the shape of the hollow structure of the blank to be processed; like Figure 11-13As shown, since the mold core 39 adopts a sliding design and can automatically reset upward, it can be adaptively adjusted according to the position of the profiling piston 20. For example, in step 1, when the lifting device 2 drives the profiling chassis 5 to move upward, the mold core 39 will retract downward after abutting against the lower end of the profiling piston 20, so it does not affect the profiling chassis 5 reaching the initial position. In step 2, as the profiling piston 20 moves upward, the mold core 39 can automatically move upward to a reset state driven by the reset spring 38, thereby forming a vacuum mold cavity 36 with the mold core 39. In step 4, when the profiling piston 20 moves downward to press the magnetic powder into a blank, the mold core 39 can move downward accordingly with the profiling piston 20, and will not hinder the profiling operation. Therefore, when the hollow annular blank is processed by the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment, the aforementioned forming method can still be used; Further, such as Fig.11 As shown, the lifting device 2 includes a lifting column 37, the profiled chassis 5 is fixed above the lifting column 37, the lifting column 37 is hollow inside, a guide portion 40 is fixed to the lower end of the mold core 39, the guide portion 40 is located in the lifting column 37 and the two are slidably matched, and the reset spring 38 is located in the lifting column 37.

[0046] Preferably, in step 3, before filling, the scraper is adjusted to be below the profiling piston and simultaneously below the feed port, and during the filling process, the second driving device is used to drive the first mounting seat to rotate; thereby, the scraper can further break up the magnetic powder flowing in from the feed hole by rotating, thereby avoiding agglomeration of the magnetic powder, thereby improving the uniformity of the filling, and also helping to improve the orientation effect.

[0047] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rare earth permanent magnet forming device, comprising a machine body, a hydraulic system, a quantitative feeding device and a magnetic field generating device are installed on the machine body, and a hydraulic arm capable of moving up and down is provided in the hydraulic system, characterized in that: A vertical and cylindrical forming cylinder is fixed on the machine body, a sealing and matching forming cylinder is arranged in the forming cylinder, a piston rod fixedly connected to the forming piston is arranged above the forming piston, a first mounting seat fixedly connected to the piston rod is arranged above the piston rod, a second mounting seat rotatably connected to the first mounting seat is arranged above the first mounting seat, the second mounting seat is located below the hydraulic arm and the two are fixedly connected; a second driving device transmission-connected to the first mounting seat is arranged on the second mounting seat, and the second driving device can drive the forming piston to rotate horizontally; a radial groove is arranged at the lower end of the forming piston, a vertical hole penetrating up and down is arranged in the forming piston and the piston rod, a core rod capable of sliding up and down is arranged in the vertical hole, and the lower end of the core rod is fixed A scraper is fixed; a first driving device capable of adjusting the upper and lower positions of the scraper is installed on the first mounting seat; the scraper is located in the radial groove in the initial position and the lower end surfaces of the two are flush; a feed hole is provided on the side wall of the forming cylinder, the feed hole is sealed and connected to the quantitative feeding device through a chute, and the material bin of the quantitative feeding device is only connected to the forming cylinder; a corrugated chassis is provided under the forming cylinder, the corrugated chassis is supported by a lifting device and can adjust the upper and lower positions, and the corrugated chassis blocks the lower end of the forming cylinder when it is in the initial position; the magnetic field generating device can generate the magnetic field required for orientation at the position of the forming cylinder, and a magnetic conductive plate is provided on the magnetic field generating device, and the magnetic conductive plate is located on one side of the chute.

2. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving device includes a first motor fixed on a first mounting seat and a screw sleeve rotatably fixed on the first mounting seat, a driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor, a driven gear is fixed on the screw sleeve and the central axes of the two coincide, and the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear; a threaded section is provided at the middle and upper part of the core rod, the screw sleeve is sleeved on the threaded section and the two are threadedly matched.

3. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A workbench is fixed on the machine body, and the workbench is located below the forming cylinder. A through hole is provided on the workbench, and the press bottom plate can move downward and enter the through hole, and the shapes of the two are consistent.

4. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mounting seat is in the shape of a square frame, a shaft sleeve is fixed at the lower end of the second mounting seat, a support shaft is fixed at the upper end of the first mounting seat, and the support shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve; the second driving device is a reduction motor, and the output shaft of the second driving device is connected to the support shaft via a coupling.

5. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed hole is an inclined hole, and the position of the quantitative feeding device is higher than the position of the forming cylinder.

6. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Gaps are reserved between the two ends of the scraper and the side walls of the forming cylinder, and liquid outlet holes are provided on both end surfaces of the scraper. A liquid inlet joint is provided at the upper end of the core rod, and the liquid inlet joint is connected with the liquid outlet via a flow channel provided inside the core rod and the scraper; a liquid storage bottle is fixed on the first mounting seat, and a release agent is stored in the liquid storage bottle, and the liquid storage bottle is connected with the liquid inlet joint via a pipeline.

7. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mold core extending vertically and capable of sliding up and down is installed on the corrugated chassis, and a reset spring for driving it to move upward is provided under the mold core; when the mold core is in the reset state, the upper end of the mold core is located on the upper side of the corrugated chassis, and the mold core moves downward, so that the upper end surfaces of the mold core and the corrugated chassis can be flush.

8. The rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting device includes a lifting column, the profiled chassis is fixed above the lifting column, the lifting column is hollow inside, a guide portion is fixed at the lower end of the mold core, the guide portion is located in the lifting column and the two are slidably matched, and the reset spring is located in the lifting column.

9. A method for forming a rare earth permanent magnet, using magnetic powder as raw material and using the rare earth permanent magnet forming equipment according to claim 1 to make a green body, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Initialization of molding equipment; Adjust the scraper to the initial position, move the hydraulic arm downward until the lower ends of the profiling piston and the forming cylinder are flush, and adjust the profiling chassis to the initial position; Step 2: Formation of vacuum cavity; The hydraulic arm moves upward until the profiling piston is located above the feed hole, and a vacuum cavity is formed between the profiling piston and the profiling bottom plate; Step 3: Filling and orientation; The magnetic field generating device generates the magnetic field required for orientation, and the quantitative feeding device outputs the magnetic powder required for making the blank, and the magnetic powder flows into the vacuum mold cavity through the material chute and the feeding hole; the scraper is adjusted to the bottom of the pressing piston, and the first placement seat is driven to rotate by the second driving device, and the scraper flattens the top of the magnetic powder in the vacuum mold cavity by rotation; the magnetic powder is affected by the magnetic field during the flow in the material chute and after entering the vacuum mold cavity, so as to achieve orientation arrangement; Step 4: Pressing; The scraper is adjusted to the initial position, the hydraulic arm moves downward, and the pressing piston applies pressure to the magnetic powder in the vacuum mold cavity until the magnetic powder is pressed into a green body; Step 5: demoulding; The pressing piston and the pressing bottom plate move downward synchronously, so that the blank is separated from the lower end of the forming cylinder, and the blank is demoulded.

10. The rare earth permanent magnet forming method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, before filling, the scraper is adjusted to be below the profiling piston and simultaneously below the feed port, and during the filling process, the second drive device is used to drive the first mounting seat to rotate.

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