Energy collection device and monitoring system for power transmission line

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy collection, in particular to an energy collection device for a power transmission line and a monitoring system. The energy collection device comprises a clamping assembly, a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit. The clamping assembly is used for clamping a power transmission line. The first power generation unit comprises a first shell and a first friction nanometer generator arranged in the first shell, the first shell is connected with the clamping assembly, and the vibration direction of the first friction nanometer generator is perpendicular to the axial direction of the power transmission line so as to be used for collecting vibration energy of the power transmission line; the second power generation unit comprises a power generation mechanism and a swing piece, the power generation mechanism comprises a second shell and at least one second friction nano-generator arranged in the second shell, and the second shell is a bluff body; the fixed end of the swing piece is connected with the clamping assembly and / or the first shell, the free end of the swing piece is connected with the second shell, the installation direction of the swing piece is parallel to the power transmission line, and the vibration direction of the second friction nanometer generator is parallel to the swing direction of the swing piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy collection technology, and in particular to an energy collection device and a monitoring system for a power transmission line. Background Art

[0002] As a key infrastructure for energy transmission, power transmission lines are essential for the stable operation of modern society. However, they face severe challenges brought by harsh outdoor environments and complex working conditions. Traditional monitoring systems rely on external power supplies, which results in difficult wiring, high costs, and limited coverage.

[0003] At present, photovoltaic and current transformer (CT) are relatively mature energy collection methods. However, photovoltaic systems are greatly affected by light and weather, while CT may be limited by factors such as core saturation. There is abundant wind energy and vibration energy around the transmission line, but traditional wind turbines have high requirements for wind speed stability and are difficult to adapt to the vibration environment of the transmission line. In addition, the vibration of the transmission line is intermittent, which is particularly evident in breeze vibration. This intermittency is mainly affected by the characteristics of the wind field, especially the wind direction. Studies have found that breeze vibration mainly occurs in the vertical wind direction, while under oblique wind and downwind conditions, the vibration is relatively weak or even does not occur. This dependence on wind direction leads to intermittent energy collection, which is the so-called "energy collection gap" problem, which seriously affects the stable operation of self-powered sensors.

[0004] Therefore, solving the energy collection gap problem caused by intermittent vibrations due to changes in wind direction will be the key to achieving all-weather energy collection on transmission lines. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application discloses an energy collection device and a monitoring system for a power transmission line, so as to solve the technical problem of intermittent energy collection of the power transmission line caused by the randomness of wind direction.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present application provides an energy collection device for a transmission line, the energy collection device includes a clamping assembly, a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit, the clamping assembly is used to clamp the transmission line; the first power generation unit includes a first shell and at least one first friction nanogenerator arranged in the first shell, the first shell is connected to the clamping assembly, the vibration direction of the first friction nanogenerator is perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission line, so as to collect the vibration energy of the transmission line; the second power generation unit includes a power generation mechanism and a swinging piece, the power generation mechanism includes a second shell and at least one second friction nanogenerator, the second shell is a blunt body, and the second friction nanogenerator is arranged in the second shell; the fixed end of the swinging piece is connected to the clamping assembly and / or the first shell, the free end of the swinging piece is connected to the second shell, the installation direction of the swinging piece is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission line, and the vibration direction of the second friction nanogenerator is parallel to the swinging direction of the swinging piece.

[0007] Among them, the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit are connected to the transmission line through the clamping assembly. When the angle between the wind direction and the transmission line is greater than or equal to the first angle, the transmission line is prone to breeze vibration, and the friction layer in the first friction nanogenerator vibrates to generate electrostatic induction to collect the vibration energy of the transmission line; on the contrary, when the angle between the wind direction and the transmission line is less than the first angle, the vibration of the transmission line is very weak or tends to stop. At this time, under the action of wind force, the second shell is a blunt body, which will swing in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission line, that is, swing left and right relative to the fixed end of the swing sheet, so that the second friction nanogenerator generates electricity, thereby collecting wind energy. The energy collection device in this application can realize the coordinated collection of wind energy and vibration energy of the transmission line through an adaptive wind direction complementary mechanism, fill the energy capture gap when the transmission line does not vibrate due to wind direction changes, and provide an innovative path for all-weather high-entropy energy collection of intelligent transmission lines.

[0008] Furthermore, the first friction nanogenerator includes a first friction electrode assembly, a second friction electrode assembly and an elastic member, and the elastic member is arranged between the first friction electrode assembly and the second friction electrode assembly so that when the transmission line vibrates, the first friction electrode assembly and the second friction electrode assembly can alternately contact and separate.

[0009] Furthermore, the at least one first friction nanogenerator includes a plurality of first friction nanogenerators stacked along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic member.

[0010] Furthermore, the second power generation unit includes N pairs of power generation mechanisms, wherein N is a positive integer; along the axial direction of the transmission line, each pair of power generation mechanisms is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping assembly.

[0011] Further, the swinging piece is a spring piece, and / or the fixed end of the swinging piece is connected to the first shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the second friction nanogenerator includes a first friction electrode unit and a second friction electrode unit that are stacked and a plurality of friction balls arranged therebetween. The direction in which the first friction electrode unit and the second friction electrode unit are stacked is perpendicular to the swing plate, and the vertical spacing between the first friction electrode unit and the second friction electrode unit is greater than the diameter of the friction ball.

[0013] Furthermore, the second friction nanogenerator also includes a first partition and a second partition, and the first partition, the second partition, the first friction electrode unit and the second friction electrode unit are arranged to form a receiving cavity, and the friction ball is located in the receiving cavity; at least one second friction nanogenerator includes a plurality of second friction nanogenerators stacked along the swinging direction of the swinging plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the first partition facing the accommodating chamber is provided with a plurality of first accommodating holes arranged in the vertical direction, and / or, the surface of the second partition facing the accommodating chamber is provided with a plurality of second accommodating holes arranged in the vertical direction, and / or, the surface of the first friction electrode unit facing the accommodating chamber is provided with a plurality of third accommodating holes arranged in the vertical direction, and / or, the surface of the second friction electrode unit facing the accommodating chamber is provided with a plurality of fourth accommodating holes arranged in the vertical direction; the first accommodating hole, the second accommodating hole, the third accommodating hole and the fourth accommodating hole are all used to limit the displacement of the friction ball in the vertical direction.

[0015] Further, the shape of the cross section of the bluff body includes a circle, a rectangle, or a coupled pattern of a circle and a rectangle.

[0016] Furthermore, it includes a first rectifier, a second rectifier, a power management module and an energy storage device, wherein the first rectifier is electrically connected to the first power generation unit, the second rectifier is electrically connected to the second power generation unit, the power management module is electrically connected to the first rectifier and the second rectifier respectively, the power management module is used to improve the energy storage efficiency, the energy storage device is electrically connected to the power management module, and the energy storage device is used to store the electric energy generated by the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a monitoring system for a power transmission line, the monitoring system comprising a sensor, a switch assembly, and the energy collection device of the first aspect, the switch assembly being used to control the on and off of the electrical connection between the sensor and the energy storage device, and the sensor being used to monitor the performance and / or status of the power transmission line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy collection device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A flowchart of an energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of a first power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is an internal schematic diagram of a first power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a top plate of a first shell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a top plate of a first shell of another embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an annular side plate according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom plate of a first shell according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first friction nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first power generation unit according to another embodiment of the present application; Fig.12 This is a structural schematic diagram of a first power generation unit according to yet another embodiment of the present application; Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.14 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second friction nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.15 A cross-sectional view of a second tribo-nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.16 This is a schematic structural diagram of different types of first baffles according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.17 A top view of a second housing according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.18 A top view of a second housing according to another embodiment of the present application; Fig.19 A top view of a second housing according to another embodiment of the present application; Fig. 20 A top view of a second housing with a protrusion according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.21 A top view of a second housing with a protrusion according to another embodiment of the present application; Fig. 22 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second housing according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.23This is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.24 This is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping assembly according to another embodiment of the present application; Fig.25 A circuit control schematic diagram of an energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig.26 This is a workflow diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure numbers: 100-first power generation unit; 110-first shell; 111-top plate; 111a-first mounting surface; 112-annular side plate; 113-bottom plate; 113a-second mounting surface; 120-first friction nanogenerator; 121-first friction electrode assembly; 121a-first support layer; 121b-first electrode layer; 121c-first friction layer; 122-second friction electrode assembly; 122a-second support layer; 122b-second electrode layer; 122c-second friction layer; 123-elastic member; 130-mounting shaft; 200-second power generation unit; 210-power generation mechanism; 211-second shell; 211a-half shell; 211b-cover; 212-second friction nanogenerator; 212a-first friction electrode unit; 212a1-first substrate layer; 212a2-first conductive layer; 212a3- First friction interface layer; 212b-second friction electrode unit; 212b1-second base layer; 212b2-second conductive layer; 212b3-second friction interface layer; 212c-friction ball; 212d-first partition; 212e-second partition; 220-swinging plate; 221-fixed end; 222-free end; 300-clamping assembly; 310-hook portion; 311-first clamping ring; 311a-bolt mounting Mounting hole; 311b-limiting groove; 312-second clamp; 313-fastener; 320-connecting part; 321-hook mounting hole; 322-circuit cavity; 400-first rectifier; 500-second rectifier; 600-power management module; 610-input capacitor; 620-gas discharge tube; 630-inductor element; 640-diode; 700-energy storage device; 800-switch assembly; 900-sensor; 01-wire hole; 02-threaded hole; 03-first mounting hole; 04-second mounting hole; 05-third mounting hole; 06-first limiting hole; 07-second limiting hole; 08-first mounting slot; 09-second mounting slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] The application scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. It is known to those skilled in the art that with the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0022] The vibration of transmission lines is intermittent, especially in breeze vibration. This intermittency is mainly affected by the characteristics of the wind field, especially the wind direction. When the angle between the wind direction and the conductor is close to 90°, the transmission line is more prone to breeze vibration. On the contrary, when the wind direction is parallel to the axis of the transmission line or the angle between the two is small, although the transmission line may vibrate, the probability of vibration is very low and the amplitude is negligible. This wind direction dependence leads to the intermittent nature of energy collection from transmission lines, namely the "energy collection gap" problem.

[0023] In view of this, an energy collection device for a power transmission line is provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy collection device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2The energy collection device includes a clamping assembly 300, a first power generation unit 100 and a second power generation unit 200. The clamping assembly 300 is used to clamp the power transmission line. The first power generation unit 100 includes a first shell 110 and at least one first friction nanogenerator (not shown in the figure) disposed in the first shell 110. The first shell 110 is connected to the clamping assembly 300. The vibration direction of the first friction nanogenerator is perpendicular to the axial direction of the power transmission line, so as to collect the vibration energy of the power transmission line. The second power generation unit 200 includes a power generation mechanism 210 and a swing piece 220. The power generation mechanism 210 includes a second shell 211 and at least one second friction nanogenerator (not shown in the figure). The second shell 211 is a blunt body, and the second friction nanogenerator is arranged in the second shell 211; the fixed end 221 of the swing piece 220 is connected to the clamping assembly 300 and / or the first shell 110, and the free end 222 of the swing piece 220 is connected to the second shell 211. The installation direction of the swing piece 220 is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission line, and the vibration direction of the second friction nanogenerator is parallel to the swing direction of the swing piece 220.

[0024] It should be noted that the vibration direction of the triboelectric nanogenerator refers to the direction in which the friction layer in the triboelectric nanogenerator moves relative to another layer. For example, the friction layer and another layer are relatively close to or away from each other along a first direction to achieve alternating contact and separation, thereby generating triboelectric charging. The vibration direction of the triboelectric nanogenerator refers to the first direction.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, when the angle α between the wind direction and the transmission line is greater than or equal to the first angle A, the transmission line is prone to breeze vibration, and the friction layer in the first friction nanogenerator alternately contacts and separates with another layer, generating electrostatic induction to collect the vibration energy of the transmission line; on the contrary, when the angle α between the wind direction and the transmission line is less than the first angle A, the vibration of the transmission line is very weak or does not vibrate. At this time, under the action of wind force, the second shell 211 is a blunt body, which will swing in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission line, that is, the second shell 211 swings left and right relative to the fixed end 221 of the swing plate 220, so that the second friction nanogenerator 212 generates electricity, thereby collecting wind energy. The energy collection device in this application can realize the coordinated collection of wind energy and vibration energy of the transmission line through an adaptive wind direction complementary mechanism, fill the energy capture gap when the transmission line does not vibrate due to wind direction changes, and provide an innovative path for all-weather high-entropy energy collection of intelligent transmission lines.

[0026] Among them, the first angle A may be less than or equal to 90°. For example, A may be 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, etc.

[0027] The structures and functions of the first power generation unit 100 , the second power generation unit 200 and the clamping assembly 300 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] First power generation unit 100

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the first power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first power generation unit 100 includes a first shell 110 and at least one first friction nanogenerator 120 disposed in the first shell 110. The first power generation unit 100 is used to collect vibration energy of the transmission line.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the first housing 110 may include a top plate 111, an annular side plate 112, and a bottom plate 113, and the top plate 111, the annular side plate 112, and the bottom plate 113 are arranged to form a chamber for accommodating the first friction nanogenerator 120. The first housing 110 may protect the first friction nanogenerator 120. Optionally, the first housing 110 may be made of a waterproof and moisture-proof insulating material.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a top plate of a first shell according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top plate of the first shell of another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The top plate 111 may be provided with a wire hole 01 , and the wire hole 01 is used to pass the output wire of the first friction nanogenerator 120 .

[0032] The first housing 110 is connected to the clamping assembly 300 so that the first housing 110 can be suspended on the transmission line. Optionally, the clamping assembly 300 is fixedly connected to the top plate 111. Specifically, the top plate 111 is provided with a threaded hole 02, and the top plate 111 and the clamping assembly 300 are screwed together by screws, bolts, etc.

[0033] The top plate 111 and the annular side plate 112 may be connected by bonding, screwing, welding, etc. For example, when the top plate 111 and the annular side plate 112 are screwed, a first mounting hole 03 may be provided on the top plate 111, and the first mounting hole 03 is used to install a bolt connecting the top plate 111 and the annular side plate 112.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the top plate 111 facing the first friction nanogenerator 120 is the first mounting surface 111a, and the first mounting surface 111a is used to mount the adjacent first friction nanogenerator 120. For example, the first mounting surface 111a is bonded to the first friction nanogenerator 120.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular side plate of an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 7 A second mounting hole 04 is provided on the annular side plate 112, and the second mounting hole 04 is used to pass a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is used to connect the top plate 111 and the annular side plate 112 or the bottom plate 113 and the annular side plate 112, wherein the connecting piece can be a bolt or a screw.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the swing plate 220 is mounted on the outer surface of the annular side plate 112. The present application does not limit the connection method between the swing plate 220 and the annular side plate 112, and the two can be connected by welding, bonding or clamping. Figure 7 As shown, a first mounting groove 08 is provided on the annular side plate 112 , and the first mounting groove 08 is used for mounting the swinging piece 220 .

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate of the first shell of an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 8 A third mounting hole 05 may be provided on the bottom plate 113 , and bolts, screws and other connecting parts may pass through the second mounting hole 04 and the third mounting hole 05 in sequence to fix the annular side plate 112 and the bottom plate 113 in connection.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface of the bottom plate 113 facing the first friction nanogenerator 120 is the second mounting surface 113 a, and the second mounting surface 113 a is used to mount the adjacent first friction nanogenerator 120. For example, the second mounting surface 113 a is bonded to the first friction nanogenerator 120.

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first friction nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig. 9 The first friction nanogenerator 120 includes a first friction electrode assembly 121, a second friction electrode assembly 122 and an elastic member 123. The elastic member 123 is arranged between the first friction electrode assembly 121 and the second friction electrode assembly 122, so that when the transmission line vibrates, the first friction electrode assembly 121 and the second friction electrode assembly 122 can alternately contact and separate, thereby generating electrostatic induction, accumulating charges between the first friction electrode assembly 121 and the second friction electrode assembly 122, and then outputting current through an external circuit.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the first friction electrode assembly 121 includes a first support layer 121a, a first electrode layer 121b and a first friction layer 121c arranged in layers, and the second friction electrode assembly 122 includes a second support layer 122a, a second electrode layer 122b and a second friction layer 122c arranged in layers, and the first friction layer 121c and the second friction layer 122c have different abilities to gain and lose electrons, and the elastic member 123 is arranged between the first friction layer 121c and the second friction layer 122c, and the first electrode layer 121b and the second electrode layer 122b are connected through an external load. When the transmission line vibrates, contact electrification occurs between the first friction layer 121c and the second friction layer 122c, so that the first electrode layer 121b and the second electrode layer 122b produce an inductive electrification effect, thereby forming a load current in the external circuit.

[0041] The materials used to prepare the first friction layer 121c and the second friction layer 122c can be polymer materials with triboelectric effect, such as nylon, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), etc. It is understandable that the greater the difference in the ability of the first friction layer 121c and the second friction layer 122c to gain and lose electrons, the better the power generation effect of the first friction nanogenerator 120.

[0042] The first electrode layer 121b and the second electrode layer 122b may both be made of conductive metal materials, such as copper, aluminum, etc.

[0043] It can be understood that the first supporting layer 121a and the second supporting layer 122a mainly play a supporting role, and both can be made of insulating materials.

[0044] The number of the first friction nanogenerators 120 is not limited in the present application, and one, two or more first friction nanogenerators 120 may be provided in the first housing 110. At least one first friction nanogenerator 120 includes a plurality of first friction nanogenerators 120 stacked along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic member 123. Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first power generation unit 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown, the first power generation unit 100 may include a first friction nanogenerator 120, the first support layer 121a of the first friction nanogenerator 120 may be fixedly connected to the top plate 111, and the second support layer 122a may reciprocate under the action of the elastic member 123; or, the second support layer 122a may be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 113, and the first support layer 1121a may reciprocate under the action of the elastic member 123.

[0045] Fig.11This is a structural schematic diagram of a first power generation unit according to another embodiment of the present application. Fig.11 As shown, the first power generation unit 100 may include two first friction nanogenerators 120 . Fig.12 This is a structural schematic diagram of a first power generation unit according to another embodiment of the present application. Fig.11 As shown, the first power generation unit 100 may include three first friction nanogenerators 120 .

[0046] It is understandable that when the first shell 110 is suspended on the transmission line, under the action of gravity, the elastic member 123 can be stretched in the vertical direction, that is, the plurality of first friction nanogenerators 120 are stacked in the vertical direction. Of course, the elastic member 123 can also be stretched in a direction with a certain angle to the vertical direction, which can be flexibly set according to the actual situation, as long as the first power generation unit 100 can collect the vibration energy of the transmission line.

[0047] In the vertical direction, the first support layer 121a of the first friction nanogenerator 120 at the top is fixedly connected to the top plate 111, and the second support layer 122a of the first friction nanogenerator 120 at the bottom is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 113. The fixed connection can be welding or bonding.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, a mounting shaft 130 is provided between the top plate 111 and the bottom plate 113 , and a plurality of first friction nanogenerators 120 are sequentially passed through the mounting shaft 130 , so that the first friction nanogenerators 120 can only move axially along the mounting shaft 130 .

[0049] Correspondingly, a first limiting hole 06 is provided on the top plate 111 , and a second limiting hole 07 is provided on the bottom plate 113 . Both the first limiting hole 06 and the second limiting hole 07 are used to install the installation shaft 130 .

[0050] Second power generation unit 200

[0051] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second friction nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.15 This is a cross-sectional view of a second friction nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 13 to 15The second power generation unit 200 includes a power generation mechanism 210 and a swinging piece 220. The power generation mechanism 210 includes a second shell 211 and at least one second friction nanogenerator 212. The second shell 211 is a blunt body, and the second friction nanogenerator 212 is arranged in the second shell 211. The free end 222 of the swinging piece 220 is connected to the second shell 211. The installation direction of the swinging piece 220 is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission line. The vibration direction of the second friction nanogenerator 212 is parallel to the swing direction of the swinging piece 220, so that the second power generation unit 200 can collect wind energy whose angle between the wind direction and the transmission line is less than the first angle A.

[0052] Reference Fig.13 The second housing 211 may include a half housing 211a and a cover 211b covering the opening of the half housing 211a. The cover 211b and the half housing 211a may be detachably connected to facilitate installation of the second friction nanogenerator 212 inside the second housing 211.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the second friction nanogenerator 212 includes a first friction electrode unit 212a and a second friction electrode unit 212b stacked and a plurality of friction balls 212c arranged therebetween. The direction in which the first friction electrode unit 212a and the second friction electrode unit 212b are stacked is perpendicular to the swing plate 220, and the vertical spacing between the first friction electrode unit 212a and the second friction electrode unit 212b is greater than the diameter of the friction ball 212c, so that when the free end 222 of the swing plate 220 drives the second shell 211 to swing or vibrate continuously, the friction ball 212c swings or vibrates along with it. Because the diameter of the friction ball 212c is smaller than the gap between the first friction electrode unit 212a and the second friction electrode unit 212b, the conductive ball is continuously in contact and separation with the first friction electrode unit 212a or the second friction electrode unit 212b, thereby converting the vibration energy into electrical energy.

[0054] Reference Fig.14 and Fig.15 The second friction nanogenerator 212 also includes a first partition 212d and a second partition 212e. The first partition 212d, the second partition 212e, the first friction electrode unit 212a and the second friction electrode unit 212b are arranged to form a receiving cavity, and the friction ball 212c is located in the receiving cavity.

[0055] Wherein, the first partition 212d and the second partition 212e can be made of insulating materials, and the two can be independent structures or integrally formed structures. When the first partition 212d and the second partition 212e are integrally formed structures, the first partition 212d and the second partition 212e form an annular structure, and the annular structure, the first friction electrode unit 212a and the second friction electrode unit 212b are surrounded to form a closed accommodation cavity. When the first partition 212d and the second partition 212e are independent separate structures, the first partition 212d, the second partition 212e, the first friction electrode unit 212a, the second friction electrode unit 212b, the bottom wall of the second shell 211 and the cover 211b are surrounded to form a closed accommodation cavity.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the first friction electrode unit 212a includes a first substrate layer 212a1, a first conductive layer 212a2, and a first friction interface layer 212a3, which are stacked, and the second friction electrode unit 212b includes a second substrate layer 212b1, a second conductive layer 212b2, and a second friction interface layer 212b3, which are stacked. The first friction interface layer 212a3 and the second friction interface layer 212b3 have different abilities to gain and lose electrons. The friction ball 212c is disposed between the first friction interface layer 212a3 and the second friction interface layer 212b3, and the first conductive layer 212a2 and the second conductive layer 212b2 are connected through an external load. When the transmission line vibrates, contact electrification occurs between the first friction interface layer 212a3 and the second friction interface layer 212b3, so that the first conductive layer 212a2 and the second conductive layer 212b2 generate an inductive electrification effect, thereby forming a load current in the external circuit.

[0057] The first friction interface layer 212a3 and the second friction interface layer 212b3 may be made of polymer materials having a triboelectric effect, such as nylon, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the like.

[0058] It can be understood that the greater the difference between the ability of the friction ball 212c and the first friction interface layer 212a3 to gain or lose electrons, the greater the difference between the ability of the friction ball 212c and the second friction interface layer 212b3 to gain or lose electrons, the better the power generation effect of the second friction nanogenerator 212. Among them, the ability of the first friction interface layer 212a3 and the second friction interface layer 212b3 to gain or lose electrons can be the same or different, which is specifically set according to actual needs.

[0059] The first conductive layer 212a2 and the second conductive layer 212b2 may both be made of conductive metal materials, such as copper, aluminum, etc.

[0060] It can be understood that the first base layer 212a1 and the second base layer 212b1 mainly play a supporting role, and both can be made of insulating materials.

[0061] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of different types of first baffles in one embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.16 The surface of the first partition 212d facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of first accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction, and the first accommodating holes are used to limit the displacement of the friction ball 212c in the vertical direction to prevent the plurality of friction balls 212c from squeezing each other or even falling to the bottom of the second shell 211.

[0062] Similarly, a plurality of second accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction are provided on the surface of the second partition 212e facing the accommodating cavity, and the second accommodating holes are used to limit the displacement of the friction balls 212c in the vertical direction to prevent the friction balls 212c from squeezing each other or even falling into the second shell 211.

[0063] Optionally, a surface of the first friction electrode unit facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of third accommodating holes arranged in the vertical direction, and the third accommodating holes are used to limit the displacement of the friction balls 212c in the vertical direction to prevent the friction balls 212c from squeezing each other or even falling into the second shell 211.

[0064] Optionally, a surface of the second friction electrode unit facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of fourth accommodating holes arranged in the vertical direction, and the third accommodating holes are used to limit the displacement of the friction balls 212c in the vertical direction to prevent the friction balls 212c from squeezing each other or even falling into the second shell 211.

[0065] Among them, the shapes of the first accommodating hole, the second accommodating hole, the third accommodating hole, and the fourth accommodating hole can all be regular polygons, circles, squares, etc., as long as they can accommodate the friction ball 212c and limit its displacement in the vertical direction, and allow the friction ball 212c to vibrate back and forth between the first friction interface layer 212a3 and the second friction interface layer 212b3.

[0066] Exemplarily, the surface of the first partition 212d facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of first accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction, and the surface of the second partition 212e facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of second accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction, and the shapes of the first accommodating holes and the second accommodating holes can both be regular hexagons.

[0067] It is understandable that the present application does not limit the number of the second friction nanogenerators 212 . The at least one second friction nanogenerator 212 may include a plurality of second friction nanogenerators 212 stacked along the swing direction of the swing plate 220 .

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the fixed end 221 of the swing piece 220 is connected to the first housing 110. Optionally, the swing piece 220 may be a spring piece, allowing the free end 222 of the swing piece 220 to swing back and forth relative to the fixed end 221.

[0069] Fig.17 This is a top view of the second shell of an embodiment of the present application. Fig.18 This is a top view of the second housing of another embodiment of the present application. Fig.19 This is a top view of the second housing of another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 17 to 19 The second shell is a bluff body, and the cross-sectional shape of the bluff body includes a circle, a rectangle, or a coupling pattern of a circle and a rectangle.

[0070] Fig. 20 This is a top view of a second shell with a protrusion according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.21 This is a top view of a second housing with a protrusion according to another embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig. 20 and Fig.21 The bluff body may have various special-shaped structural attachments, wherein the structural attachment may be a Y-shaped protrusion, a hemispherical protrusion, etc., to enhance the swing amplitude of the second shell 211.

[0071] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second housing according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 22 As shown, the second shell 211 includes a cylinder and a quadrilateral column spliced ​​together with the cylinder, and the cross section of the quadrilateral column includes three straight edges and one arcuate edge. Among them, the arcuate edge coincides with the side of the cylinder, two of the straight edges are parallel to each other and equal in length, and the third straight edge connects the two parallel edges, and the other ends of the two parallel edges are respectively connected to the two ends of the arcuate edge. The second shell 211 of the above structure can be regarded as a splicing coupling of a cylindrical blunt body and a quadrilateral blunt body, that is, the shape of the cross section of the second shell 211 is a coupling pattern of a circle and a rectangle, so that the second shell 211 can realize the coupling motion of vortex-induced vibration and galloping.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, a second mounting groove 09 is provided on the end surface of the quadrilateral bluff body away from the cylindrical bluff body, and the second mounting groove 09 is used to mount the free end 222 of the swinging piece 220 .

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the fixed end 221 of the swing piece 220 is connected to the clamping assembly 300 and / or the first shell 110 , and is specifically configured according to actual needs.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, the second power generation unit 200 includes N pairs of power generation mechanisms 210, where N is a positive integer. Along the axial direction of the transmission line, each pair of power generation mechanisms 210 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping assembly 300 to balance the mass of the energy collection device and avoid the energy collection device from having an unstable center of gravity.

[0075] It is understandable that the second power generation unit 200 may also include an odd number of power generation mechanisms 210. For example, when the second power generation unit 200 includes only one power generation mechanism 210, in order to maintain the overall balance, the energy collection device may include a counterweight symmetrically arranged with the above-mentioned power generation mechanism 210 to achieve a stable center of gravity of the energy collection device.

[0076] Clamping assembly 300

[0077] The clamping assembly 300 is used to clamp the power transmission line so that the first power generation unit 100 and the second power generation unit 200 are connected to the power transmission line. The structure of the clamping assembly 300 is not limited in this application as long as it can achieve the above-mentioned function.

[0078] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping assembly according to another embodiment of the present application. Fig.23 and Fig.24 The clamping assembly 300 includes a hook portion 310, and the hook portion 310 may include a first clamping ring 311 and a second clamping ring 312. The first clamping ring 311 and the second clamping ring 312 are detachably connected by a fastener 313 to facilitate the installation and removal of the clamping assembly 300 to the transmission line.

[0079] The fastener 313 may be a fastening bolt. The first clamping ring 311 may be provided with a bolt mounting hole 311 a for mounting the fastening bolt.

[0080] The first clamp ring 311 and the second clamp ring 312 can both be U-shaped or V-shaped clamp rings, and the specific shape and size can be set according to the shape and size of the transmission line.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, a surface of the first clamping ring 311 facing the second clamping ring 312 is provided with a limiting groove 311 b, and the limiting groove 311 b is used to accommodate the power transmission line.

[0082] Reference Fig.23 and Fig.24The clamping assembly 300 includes a connecting portion 320, which is used to connect with the first housing 110. Specifically, the connecting portion 320 may be provided with a hook mounting hole 321, and a connecting member such as a bolt is sequentially passed through the threaded hole 02 on the top plate 111 and the hook mounting hole 321 on the connecting portion 320, so as to install the first housing 110 on the connecting portion 320.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the connecting portion 320 includes a circuit cavity 322, and the circuit cavity 322 is used to accommodate connecting wires and electronic devices.

[0084] Fig.25 This is a circuit control schematic diagram of an energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.25 , the energy collection device in the present application also includes a first rectifier 400, a second rectifier 500, a power management module 600 and an energy storage device 700. Among them, the first rectifier 400 is electrically connected to the first power generation unit 100, and the first rectifier 400 is used to convert the alternating current generated by the first power generation unit 100 into direct current. The second rectifier 500 is electrically connected to the second power generation unit 200, and the second rectifier 500 is used to convert the alternating current generated by the second power generation unit 200 into direct current. The power management module 600 is electrically connected to the first rectifier 400 and the second rectifier 500 respectively, and the power management module 600 is used to improve the energy storage efficiency. For example, the power management module 600 can increase the output current and reduce the output voltage. The energy storage device 700 is electrically connected to the power management module 600, and the energy storage device 700 is used to store the electric energy generated by the first power generation unit 100 and the second power generation unit 200.

[0085] Optionally, both the first rectifier 400 and the second rectifier 500 may be rectifier bridges.

[0086] Continue to refer to Fig.25 , the power management module 600 may include an input capacitor 610, a gas discharge tube 620, an inductor 630, and a diode 640. The input capacitor 610 is electrically connected to the first rectifier 400 and the second rectifier 500, respectively, and the input capacitor 610 is used to store the DC power from the rectifier bridge and stabilize the input voltage. One end of the gas discharge tube 620 is connected to the first end of the input capacitor 610, and the other end of the gas discharge tube 620 is connected to the first end of the inductor 630 and the negative electrode of the diode 640, respectively. The second end of the inductor 630 is connected to the first end of the energy storage device 700, and the second end of the input capacitor 610 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode 640 and the second end of the energy storage device 700.

[0087] When the input voltage exceeds the set value, the gas discharge tube 620 will be turned on to release excess energy, thereby protecting the subsequent circuit from excessive voltage shock. The diode 640 is used to prevent current from flowing back to the input capacitor 610, ensuring that energy can only flow in one direction.

[0088] Optionally, the energy storage device 700 may be an output capacitor for storing stepped-down electrical energy and providing a stable DC voltage to a load.

[0089] Based on the same technical concept, the present application also provides a monitoring system for a power transmission line. Fig.26 This is a workflow diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to Fig.26 The monitoring system includes a switch component 800, a sensor 900, and an energy collection device in various possible embodiments of the present application. The switch component 800 is used to control the on / off of the electrical connection between the energy storage device 700 and the sensor 900, and the sensor 900 is used to monitor the performance and / or status of the transmission line.

[0090] Among them, the switch component 800 can realize the autonomous start and stop control of the sensor 900, effectively avoiding the inconvenience caused by manual control of the electrical connection between the sensor 900 and the energy storage device 700.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the sensor 900 may be used to monitor the temperature, humidity, vibration, dancing, sag, wind deviation, etc. of the transmission line.

[0092] In summary, the energy collection device and monitoring system in the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: 1) Enhanced wind direction adaptability: The energy harvesting device in this application realizes the multi-source energy collaborative collection of the vibration energy of the transmission line and the wind energy through the wind direction adaptive complementary mechanism, which overcomes the limitation of traditional vibration energy collection relying on specific wind direction and provides an innovative path for all-weather high-entropy energy collection of intelligent transmission lines; 2) Broadband wind and sand vibration energy collection: In the first power generation unit 100 of the present application, a plurality of first friction nanogenerators 120 arranged in a stacked manner can be flexibly arranged according to actual needs, which significantly improves its vibration frequency response range. The energy collection device can achieve broadband vibration energy collection in the range of 5-60Hz, covering the main frequency range of breeze vibration of the power transmission line; 3) Optimized wind energy collection: The second housing 211 in the second generator unit is a blunt body, which enables the second power generation unit 200 to collect wind energy in a wide range of wind speeds and wind directions.

[0093] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy collection device for a power transmission line, characterized in that: The energy collection device comprises a clamping assembly, a first power generation unit and a second power generation unit, wherein the clamping assembly is used to clamp the power transmission line; The first power generation unit includes a first shell and at least one first friction nanogenerator disposed in the first shell, the first shell is connected to the clamping assembly, and the vibration direction of the first friction nanogenerator is perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission line, so as to collect the vibration energy of the transmission line; The second power generation unit includes a power generation mechanism and a swinging piece, the power generation mechanism includes a second shell and at least one second friction nanogenerator, the second shell is a blunt body, and the second friction nanogenerator is arranged in the second shell; the fixed end of the swinging piece is connected to the clamping assembly and / or the first shell, the free end of the swinging piece is connected to the second shell, the installation direction of the swinging piece is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission line, and the vibration direction of the second friction nanogenerator is parallel to the swinging direction of the swinging piece.

2. The energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first friction nanogenerator includes a first friction electrode assembly, a second friction electrode assembly and an elastic member, wherein the elastic member is arranged between the first friction electrode assembly and the second friction electrode assembly so that when the transmission line vibrates, the first friction electrode assembly and the second friction electrode assembly can alternately contact and separate.

3. The energy collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The at least one first friction nanogenerator includes a plurality of first friction nanogenerators stacked along the expansion and contraction direction of the elastic member.

4. The energy collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second power generation unit includes N pairs of power generation mechanisms, where N is a positive integer; Along the axial direction of the power transmission line, each pair of the power generation mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping assembly.

5. The energy collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swinging piece is a spring piece, and / or the fixed end of the swinging piece is connected to the first housing.

6. The energy collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second friction nanogenerator includes a first friction electrode unit and a second friction electrode unit that are stacked and a plurality of friction balls arranged therebetween. The direction in which the first friction electrode unit and the second friction electrode unit are stacked is perpendicular to the swing plate, and the vertical spacing between the first friction electrode unit and the second friction electrode unit is greater than the diameter of the friction balls.

7. The energy collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second friction nanogenerator further includes a first partition and a second partition, wherein the first partition, the second partition, the first friction electrode unit and the second friction electrode unit are arranged to form a receiving cavity, and the friction ball is located in the receiving cavity; The at least one second friction nanogenerator includes a plurality of second friction nanogenerators stacked along the swinging direction of the swinging piece.

8. The energy collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the first partition facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of first accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction, and / or, the surface of the second partition facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of second accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction, and / or, the surface of the first friction electrode unit facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of third accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction, and / or, the surface of the second friction electrode unit facing the accommodating cavity is provided with a plurality of fourth accommodating holes arranged in a vertical direction; The first accommodating hole, the second accommodating hole, the third accommodating hole, and the fourth accommodating hole are all used to limit the displacement of the friction ball along the vertical direction.

9. The energy collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the bluff body includes a circle, a rectangle, or a coupled pattern of a circle and a rectangle.

10. The energy collection device according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-9, characterized in that: It includes a first rectifier, a second rectifier, a power management module and an energy storage device, wherein the first rectifier is electrically connected to the first power generation unit, the second rectifier is electrically connected to the second power generation unit, the power management module is electrically connected to the first rectifier and the second rectifier respectively, the power management module is used to improve the energy storage efficiency, the energy storage device is electrically connected to the power management module, and the energy storage device is used to store the electric energy generated by the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.

11. A monitoring system for a power transmission line, characterized in that: It comprises a sensor, a switch component and the energy collection device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the switch component is used to control the on and off of the electrical connection between the sensor and the energy storage device, and the sensor is used to monitor the performance and / or status of the transmission line.

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