A thermoelectric power generation device

Abstract

The present invention provides a thermoelectric power generation device, which includes at least one thermoelectric power generation unit. The thermoelectric power generation unit includes a housing divided into upper and lower parts. The housing is made of insulating material, and the interior of the housing is a closed structure and in a vacuum state. The upper and lower parts of the housing are connected; the upper part of the housing includes at least one thin tubular structure, and the lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected to the lower part of the housing. The cross-section of the lower part of the housing is larger than that of the upper part of the housing; the upper part of the housing has an electrode friction unit, and the entire surface of the electrode is coated with friction material; the lower part of the housing contains liquid metal, a layered film and an expansion liquid. The liquid metal and the expansion liquid completely fill the lower space of the housing, and the layered film completely isolates the liquid metal above it from the expansion liquid below it. The layered film is made of a highly tough elastic material; the electrode and the liquid metal are respectively connected to a power supply wire passing through the housing, and one end of the power supply wire is located outside the housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and particularly to a thermoelectric power generation device. Background Art

[0002] The temperature difference refers to the numerical difference in the temperature of an object. In nature, the existence of temperature differences is a common phenomenon, which is caused by various factors such as solar radiation, topography, ocean-land distribution, and atmospheric circulation. These factors act together on the Earth's surface, resulting in temperature differences in different regions and at different times.

[0003] Thermal energy is a renewable energy source that is inexhaustible and renewable. The source of thermal energy actually comes from solar radiation. This kind of energy is not restricted by conditions such as time, season, and climate, and the energy supply is stable and continuous. Using thermal energy for power generation can reduce the dependence on fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to addressing global climate change and energy security challenges. Moreover, thermoelectric power generation is a stable energy supply method. Compared with renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, thermal energy is less affected by weather conditions, so it can provide a more stable and reliable power supply. This helps to enhance the diversity and stability of the energy supply, and improve the overall safety and reliability of the energy system. At the same time, the utilization of thermal energy helps to reduce environmental pollution and ecological damage. Compared with fossil fuel power generation, thermoelectric power generation does not produce greenhouse gases and other harmful substances, and has less environmental pollution. The development and utilization of thermal energy can promote sustainable development, promote the optimization and upgrading of the energy structure, and achieve the coordinated development of the economy, society, and environment.

[0004] Current power generation technologies mainly include thermal power, wind power, and solar power generation, etc. Thermal power generation will cause environmental pollution; the construction cost of wind power generation is relatively high, and there are also relatively high requirements for the applicable environment, and the changes in the wind farm may have a certain impact on the environment; the material cost of solar power generation is relatively high, and the technology is relatively complex.

[0005] Existing thermoelectric power generation technologies mainly include semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology, ocean thermal energy conversion technology, and radioisotope thermoelectric power generation technology. They all have a common feature, that is, the investment cost is relatively high, and ocean thermal energy conversion has the disadvantages of high technical difficulty, and radioisotope thermoelectric power generation has radiation hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The triboelectric nanogenerator technology does not produce any gases and wastes that pollute the environment and will not cause any changes to the ecological and natural environment. It is a green and environmentally friendly power generation technology. Since temperature differences inevitably exist in the environment, the applicable environment of the present invention is extremely wide, and theoretically the energy source is infinite. Therefore, it is a renewable energy technology. At the same time, the materials required for the present invention are all common in the market, thus greatly reducing the manufacturing cost. Moreover, the power generation structure is simple and clear, and it is very difficult to have wear and failure problems, improving the stability of the power generation system and also greatly reducing the maintenance cost. To solve the problem of low power generation rate, the present invention can also perform networked power generation. By connecting the power generation systems in series or parallel, the power generation efficiency can be improved. When placed in the same environment, the temperature differences change synchronously, so the change frequencies of the alternating current are also synchronous. There is no need to integrate them one by one, and they can be uniformly integrated, processed, and used, improving the simplicity and unity of the power grid.

[0007] The liquid metal-based triboelectric nanogenerator (LM-TENG) is an innovative energy conversion technology that combines the unique properties of liquid metals with the principle of triboelectric nanogenerators to achieve efficient and flexible conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0008] It operates using the coupled effects of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction and can convert a series of mechanical stimuli such as vibration, rotation, expansion, and contraction into electrical energy. Based on this, the liquid metal-based triboelectric nanogenerator forms a friction pair with another material through a liquid metal as an electrode or friction layer. When the two move relative to each other, due to the triboelectrification effect and electrostatic induction effect, charge separation will occur between the liquid metal and the other material, thereby forming a potential difference and driving electrons to flow in the external circuit to generate electrical energy.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a thermoelectric power generation device, including at least one thermoelectric power generation unit. The thermoelectric power generation unit includes a housing divided into upper and lower parts. The housing is made of insulating material, the interior of the housing is a closed structure, the interior of the housing is in a vacuum state, and the upper and lower parts of the housing are connected.

[0010] The upper part of the housing includes at least one thin tubular structure. The lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected to the lower part of the housing, and the cross-section of the lower part of the housing is larger than that of the upper part of the housing.

[0011] The upper part of the housing has an electrode friction unit, and the electrode friction unit includes electrodes laid on the inner top surface and inner side surface of the upper part of the housing. The electrodes are metal conductive material bodies, and the metal conductive material bodies completely cover all areas on the inner top surface of the upper part of the housing and the area on the inner side surface of the upper part of the housing from the upper end to near the lower part of the housing. The entire surface of the electrodes is coated with friction materials.

[0012] The lower part of the housing contains liquid metal, a layered film, and an expanding liquid. The liquid metal and the expanding liquid completely fill the lower space of the housing. The layered film is located between the liquid metal and the expanding liquid, and completely isolates the liquid metal above it from the expanding liquid below it. The layered film is made of a highly ductile and corrosion-resistant elastic material;

[0013] Both the electrode and the liquid metal are respectively connected to a power supply wire passing through the housing, and one end of the power supply wire is located outside the housing.

[0014] Optionally, the surface of the housing is black.

[0015] Optionally, a strip-shaped body is connected to the center of the top of the electrode. The strip-shaped body is made of a metal conductive material. The lower end of the strip-shaped body is close to the lower part of the housing, and the surface of the strip-shaped body is coated with a friction material.

[0016] Optionally, the upper part of the housing includes a plurality of parallelly arranged thin tubular structures, and the electrodes in each thin tubular structure are connected to the same power supply wire.

[0017] Optionally, it includes a plurality of thermoelectric power generation units connected in parallel.

[0018] Optionally, the friction material includes polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate.

[0019] Optionally, the liquid metal is mercury or gallium.

[0020] Optionally, the expanding liquid is alcohol or gasoline.

[0021] Optionally, the edge of the layered film is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the housing.

[0022] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: By utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon caused by the environmental temperature difference and combining with the solid-liquid contact power generation principle in the triboelectric nanogenerator, the purpose of thermoelectric power generation is achieved. It has a series of advantages such as simple structure, low material cost, green and pollution-free, wide applicable environment, low maintenance cost, long service life, and strong stability. Moreover, by combining the power generation units, the common problem of low power generation efficiency in thermoelectric power generation technology can also be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of a power generation unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of

[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the front view structural schematic diagram;

[0026] Figure 4 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the second specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the prior art;

[0029] Figure 7 is the process schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the prior art;

[0030] Figure 8 is the working process schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. Outer shell; 2. Electrode friction unit; 3. Liquid metal; 4. Stratified film; 5. Expanding liquid; 6. Power supply wire; 7. Liquid metal; 8. Friction material body; 9. Metal electrode; 10. Wire; 11. Load. Specific embodiments

[0032] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0033] Such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the LM-TENG consists of two parts. One part is a thin sheet composed of a friction material body 8 and a metal electrode 9, and the other part is a liquid metal 7. Any insulating material with different electron-withdrawing abilities from the liquid metal 7 can be used as the friction material, such as polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc. One end of the metal electrode 9 is completely covered by the friction material body 8 to prevent short circuit between the metal electrode 9 and the liquid metal 7. There are also various materials available for the liquid metal 7, such as mercury, gallium, etc. As Figure 7 shown, its working process is as follows:

[0034] 1. When the thin sheet is partially immersed in the liquid metal, the friction material body 8 begins to contact the liquid metal 7. Due to the different electron-withdrawing abilities of the two, electrons will be injected from the liquid metal 7 into the surface of the friction material body 8, making the surface of the friction material body 8 carry a net negative charge, while a net positive charge is generated at the interface of the liquid metal 7, Figure 7 as shown in I in the figure;

[0035] 2. When the thin sheet is removed from the liquid metal 7, the frictional charges in the interface region are separated, which will make the potential of the liquid metal 7 higher than that of the induction electrode. In this way, the electrons in the metal electrode 9 will flow through the external load 11 to the liquid metal 7, thus forming a reverse current, Figure 7 as shown in II in the figure;

[0036] 3. During this process, electrons continue to flow until the thin sheet is completely removed. At this time, both the induced potential difference and the transferred charge amount between the metal electrode 9 and the liquid metal 7 reach the maximum value, Figure 7 as shown in III in the figure;

[0037] When the thin sheet is moved back into the liquid metal 7, the potential difference will decrease as the wetted area of the thin sheet increases. Therefore, electrons will flow back from the liquid metal 7 to the metal electrode 9 in the opposite direction, Figure 7 as shown in IV in the figure. Therefore, an AC pulse output will be generated during the whole process.

[0038] As Figure 1 - Figure 3 shown, the present invention provides a thermoelectric power generation device, including at least one thermoelectric power generation unit. The thermoelectric power generation unit includes a housing 1 divided into upper and lower parts. The housing 1 is made of an insulating material. The inside of the housing 1 is a closed structure and in a vacuum state. The upper part and the lower part of the housing 1 are connected;

[0039] The upper part of the housing 1 includes at least one thin tubular structure. The lower end of the thin tubular structure is connected to the lower part of the housing 1. The cross-section of the lower part of the housing 1 is larger than that of the upper part of the housing 1;

[0040] The upper part of the outer shell 1 is provided with an electrode friction unit 2. The electrode friction unit 2 includes electrodes laid on the inner top surface and inner side surface of the upper part of the outer shell 1. The electrodes are metal conductive material bodies, and the metal conductive material bodies completely cover all areas on the inner top surface of the upper part of the outer shell 1 and the area from the upper end to near the lower part of the outer shell 1 on the inner side surface of the upper part of the outer shell 1. Friction materials are coated on all surfaces of the electrodes.

[0041] Inside the lower part of the outer shell 1, there are liquid metal 3, a layered film 4, and an expansion liquid 5. The liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5 completely fill the lower space of the outer shell 1. The layered film 4 is located between the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5, and the layered film 4 completely isolates the liquid metal 3 above it from the expansion liquid 5 below it. The layered film 4 is made of a highly tough and corrosion-resistant elastic material.

[0042] Both the electrodes and the liquid metal 3 are respectively connected to a power supply wire 6 passing through the outer shell 1, and one end of the power supply wire 6 is located outside the outer shell 1. The surface of the outer shell 1 is black. A strip-shaped body is connected to the center of the top of the electrode. The strip-shaped body is made of a metal conductive material, the lower end of the strip-shaped body is close to the lower part of the outer shell 1, and the surface of the strip-shaped body is coated with a friction material.

[0043] Among them, as Figure 4 shown, the upper part of the outer shell 1 may include multiple parallel thin tubular structures, and the electrodes in each thin tubular structure are connected to the same power supply wire 6.

[0044] As Figure 5 shown, it includes multiple parallel thermoelectric power generation units.

[0045] The friction materials in the above structure include polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate. The liquid metal 3 is mercury or gallium. The expansion liquid 5 is alcohol or gasoline. The edge of the layered film 4 is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the outer shell 1. The outer shell 1 is made of a solid insulating material, the outside of the outer shell 1 is painted black, and the outer shell 1 is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is thin tubular (similar to the upper part of a thermometer). The outer shell 1 is airtight and separated from the outside to prevent the liquid metal 3 from volatilizing. The upper part is mainly used to fix the electrode friction unit 2, and the lower part is a liquid expansion area, mainly filled with the liquid metal 3 and the high-expansion liquid 5. The empty part inside the outer shell 1 is pumped to a vacuum. The liquid expansion area is a columnar body with a relatively large horizontal cross-section, increasing the area for the bottom liquid to absorb thermal radiation. The black color on the outside is conducive to the power generation system absorbing environmental thermal radiation, and ultimately achieves the purpose of increasing the expansion amplitude of the liquid inside the system when heated.

[0046] The electrode friction unit 2 is composed of an electrode and a friction material. Generally, a metal material with good electrical conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, is selected as the electrode (metal electrode 9). The friction material can be made of any insulating material with a different electron-withdrawing ability from the liquid metal 3, such as polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc. The electrode is closely attached to and completely covers the inner side (including the top and side) of the fine tubular structure. In order to increase the contact area and friction distance, a strip-shaped metal electrode column is extended downward from the center of the top of the electrode to form a metal electrode structure with a "hui"-shaped cross-section. The friction material wraps and completely covers the exposed part of the electrode to prevent short circuit caused by the contact between the electrode and the liquid metal 3. At the same time, due to the effect of the "hui"-shaped structure, the electrode friction unit composed of the friction material and the metal electrode 9 can make contact with and rub against the liquid metal 3 both around and in the central part, and generate electricity. The function of the strip-shaped metal electrode column is to occupy the originally vacuum space inside the fine tubular structure and further reduce the area of the horizontal cross-section vacuum inside the fine tubular structure. When the same volume of mercury is squeezed up, compared with the electrode without the central metal strip, the rising height will be higher, and the contact area between the mercury and the electrode friction unit 2 is larger. The change range of the mercury column height with temperature change is larger, and more electric energy can be generated.

[0047] Mercury is selected as the liquid electrode for the liquid metal 3. The amount of mercury used is slightly larger than the capacity of the vacuum in the fine tubular structure, so that the mercury can completely fill the fine tube vacuum space to ensure the maximization of the power generation efficiency. When the temperature rises, the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5 expand due to heat. During the expansion process, the liquid metal 3 is squeezed into the inner part of the fine tubular structure and makes contact and friction with the electrode friction unit 2. Due to the different electron-withdrawing abilities of the liquid metal 3 and the surface of the friction material, charge transfer occurs. When the temperature drops, the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5 contract due to cold. During the contraction process, the liquid metal 3 gradually withdraws from the inner part of the fine tubular structure and continues to make contact and friction with the electrode friction unit 2, generating charge transfer in the opposite direction to the previous one (the principle is referred to Figure 6 , Figure 7 ), and so on in a cycle, forming a complete and continuous power generation technology. Thus, by using the change of temperature difference, the purpose of thermoelectric power generation is achieved;

[0048] The layered film 4 is composed of a corrosion-resistant material with insulation, strong toughness and elasticity, such as (fluorinated modified TPU reinforced with nano-fillers or PTFE-based composite materials). It is located between the liquid metal 3 and the expansion liquid 5 and is connected to the inner side of the lower part of the outer shell 1 around. The layered film 4 separates the liquid metal 3 from the expansion liquid 5, preventing the liquid metal 3 from seeping down into the expansion liquid 5, and does not affect the deformation amplitude of the expansion liquid 5 during the heat expansion process and the extrusion effect on the upper liquid metal 3. The layered film 4 can also be replaced by a lightweight partition that can move freely up and down, but liquid leakage should be prevented.

[0049] The expansion liquid 5 is composed of a liquid with a coefficient of expansion, such as alcohol, gasoline, or other organic solvents, etc. (about 10 times the coefficient of expansion of mercury). The expansion liquid 5 is placed on the lower side of the liquid metal 3 and is closely attached to the liquid metal 3 through the layered film 4. When the temperature rises, since the expansion amplitude of the expansion liquid 5 is much greater than that of the mercury in the liquid metal 3, compared with the expansion effect of pure mercury, the volume of mercury extruded into the fine tubular structure will increase significantly. Since the vacuum area of the cross-section of the fine tubular structure is constant, the height of the mercury column will be higher, thereby increasing the contact and friction area with the electrode friction unit 2 and improving the power generation efficiency. At the same time, by using the lower-cost expansion liquid 5 to replace the same volume of mercury, the manufacturing cost is also greatly reduced. The coefficient of expansion of mercury is 1.8×10^-4 / °C, that of alcohol is 1.1×10^-3 / °C, and that of gasoline is 1.2×10^-3 / °C. Therefore, the coefficients of expansion of alcohol and gasoline are about 10 times that of mercury.

[0050] Taking the comparison between the two cases where only mercury is filled in the lower part of the housing 1 and both mercury and gasoline are filled in the lower part of the housing 1, the necessity of setting the expansion liquid 5 in the lower part of the housing 1 is explained:

[0051] Ⅰ. Only mercury is filled in the lower part of the housing 1: 500 ml of mercury (the capacity of a small bottle of mineral water), when the temperature changes by 1°C, its volume changes by 0.09 ml.

[0052] 1. Therefore, when the cross-sectional area of the vacuum in the fine tubular structure is 0.9 mm 2 , the mercury column can longitudinally change by 10 cm per 1°C change;

[0053] 2. When the cross-sectional area of the vacuum in the fine tubular structure is 1.8 mm 2 , the mercury column can longitudinally change by 5 cm per 1°C change;

[0054] Ⅱ. If the present invention is used and both mercury and gasoline are filled: The expansion liquid 5 is composed of 100 ml of mercury in the upper part and 400 ml of gasoline in the lower part, a total of 500 ml. When the temperature changes by 1°C, its volume changes by 0.498 ml.

[0055] 1. Therefore, when the cross-sectional area of the vacuum in the fine tubular structure is 0.9 mm 2 , the mercury column can longitudinally change by about 55.33 cm per 1°C change (the longitudinal height change is increased by 5.5 times);

[0056] 2. When the cross-sectional area of the vacuum in the fine tubular structure is 1.8 mm 2 , the mercury column can longitudinally change by 27.67 cm per 1°C change;

[0057] Under normal circumstances, the daily temperature difference by the sea is 5 - 12 °C, in the city is 8 - 15 °C, and in the desert is 15 - 30 °C. Combining with the structure of the present invention that increases heat energy absorption, the temperature difference will further increase, and the volume change will also be further amplified;

[0058] If the volume change is insufficient, the capacity of the bottom liquid expansion area can be increased, and the capacity of the expansion liquid 5 can be continuously increased to increase the changing volume of the liquid, thereby increasing the longitudinal changing height.

[0059] Combined with the 1 °C change in the mercury column discussed above, it can be proved that the height change range of the mercury column per day or per unit time is relatively large, and effective electric energy can be formed;

[0060] At the same time, it also explains the significance of using the expansion liquid 5, which can greatly increase the changing height of the mercury column, increase the contact area between the mercury and the electrode friction unit 2, and improve the power generation efficiency. Even if the area of the vacuum cross-section of the fine tubular structure needs to be increased, only by increasing the amount of the high-expansion liquid 5 can the longitudinal change of the mercury column still be relatively high, providing high flexibility and applicability for the practical application of the present invention.

[0061] The power supply wire 6 is composed of a wire with high electrical conductivity. One passes through the top of the outer shell 1 and is connected to the electrode, and the other passes through the lower part of the outer shell 1 and is connected to the liquid metal 3. By connecting the two power supply wires 6 to the external load 11, a closed circuit can be formed, enabling charges to freely transfer between the liquid metal 3, the electrode friction unit 2, the power supply wire 6, and the external load 11 to form an electric current. It should be noted that the connection points where the power supply wire 6 passes through the outer shell 1 need to be sealed and reinforced to prevent mercury volatilization and circuit short-circuit.

[0062] The thermoelectric power generation device in the present invention belongs to the green and low-carbon energy technology, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. It utilizes the temperature difference in the natural environment for energy conversion, and is a new technology and means for collecting and providing clean and renewable energy. By using the design principle of a mercury thermometer and the principle of thermal expansion and contraction of liquid metal 3 with the ambient temperature, combined with the technology of solid-liquid contact power generation in a triboelectric nanogenerator, the purpose of thermoelectric power generation is achieved, and it has strong environmental adaptability. The design of the liquid expansion area with a large horizontal cross-section at the bottom of the power generation unit is to increase the sensitivity of the energy exchange between the internal liquid and the external environment: when the ambient temperature rises, the liquid in the lower part of the outer shell 1 quickly absorbs heat through heat transfer. At the same time, due to the large horizontal area, the solar radiation received will also be larger, increasing the heat energy absorption of the liquid and increasing the expansion amplitude of the liquid. When the ambient temperature drops, the large horizontal area can accelerate heat dissipation, causing the liquid temperature to drop rapidly and achieving the purpose of rapid contraction. Therefore, the sensitivity of the reaction of the liquid to the change in the temperature difference with the environment can be improved. The blackening design of the outer shell 1 can absorb more radiant heat energy, further enhancing the expansion energy of the liquid in the thermoelectric power generation unit and increasing the power generation efficiency. The use of the "return" - shaped electrode friction unit 2 structure, compared with the design of pasting fine tubular structures all over the inner wall of the "square" - shaped structure, in the "return" - shaped design, the increase of the central electrode column reduces the vacuum cross-sectional area of the fine tubular structure, resulting in a larger longitudinal change amplitude of the mercury column with a unit temperature difference, thereby increasing the contact area and friction frequency between the mercury and the electrode friction unit 2, and improving the power generation efficiency of the power generation system. The use of the bottom expansion liquid 5 reduces the amount of mercury used and greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the power generation system. At the same time, since the bottom liquid is a liquid with a high expansion coefficient, the volume change amplitude with temperature change is larger. Compared with pure mercury, the expansion and contraction reaction is more sensitive, resulting in more frequent fluctuations of the mercury column in the fine tubular structure and a larger longitudinal change amplitude, thus improving the power generation efficiency.

[0063] Temperature difference necessarily exists in the natural environment. Using temperature difference as the starting energy source for electric energy is a relatively novel energy technology method. During the energy production process, no pollutants are emitted, and it will not cause damage to the ecological environment, and can provide a large amount of green and renewable energy. In the power generation process of the present invention, no pollutants are generated, it is a green and low-carbon clean energy, which protects the environment and conforms to the national development trend. The structure of the present invention is simple and clear, the materials used have low costs, are not easily damaged, have low maintenance costs, and have high stability. By using solutions such as increasing the bottom horizontal cross-sectional area, blackening the outer shell, the "return" - shaped structure of the electrode friction unit, and expansion liquid, the power generation efficiency has been optimized and improved through technical means. The power generation technology in the present invention can also be connected into a network to form a large-scale power generation body to generate a large amount of electric energy and provide a large amount of continuous electric energy.

[0064] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the above content is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered as defining the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermoelectric power generation device, characterized in that: Comprising at least one thermoelectric power generation unit, the thermoelectric power generation unit including a housing divided into upper and lower parts, the housing being made of insulating material, the interior of the housing being a closed structure, the interior of the housing being in a vacuum state, and the upper and lower parts of the housing being in communication; The upper part of the housing includes at least one thin tubular structure, the lower end of the thin tubular structure being connected to the lower part of the housing, and the cross-section of the lower part of the housing being larger than that of the upper part of the housing; The upper part of the housing has an electrode friction unit, the electrode friction unit including electrodes laid on the inner top surface and inner side surface of the upper part of the housing, the electrodes being metal conductive material bodies, the metal conductive material bodies completely covering all regions on the inner top surface of the upper part of the housing and the region on the inner side surface of the upper part of the housing from the upper end to near the lower part of the housing, and friction materials being coated on all surfaces of the electrodes; Inside the lower part of the housing are liquid metal, a layered film, and expansion liquid, the liquid metal and the expansion liquid completely filling the lower space of the housing, the layered film being located between the liquid metal and the expansion liquid, the layered film completely isolating the liquid metal above it from the expansion liquid below it, and the layered film being made of a highly tough and corrosion-resistant elastic material; Both the electrodes and the liquid metal are respectively connected to a power supply wire passing through the housing, and one end of the power supply wire is located outside the housing.

2. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the housing is black.

3. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 2, wherein: At the center of the top of the electrode is connected a strip-shaped body, the strip-shaped body being made of metal conductive material, the lower end of the strip-shaped body being close to the lower part of the housing, and the surface of the strip-shaped body being coated with friction material.

4. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 3, wherein: The upper part of the housing includes a plurality of parallelly arranged thin tubular structures, and the electrodes in each thin tubular structure are connected to the same power supply wire.

5. The thermoelectric power generation device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Including a plurality of thermoelectric power generation units connected in parallel.

6. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, wherein: The friction materials include polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate.

7. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid metal is mercury, gallium.

8. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, wherein: The expansion liquid is alcohol or gasoline.

9. The thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 5, wherein: The edge of the layered film is connected to the inner wall of the lower part of the housing.

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