Optical receiving module, optical equalizer and communication device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an optical receiving module, an optical equalizer and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of optical communication, the optical receiving module can process an optical signal in a mixed polarization state, and when the optical receiving module is arranged in the optical equalizer, the optical signal can be processed by the optical receiving module. The optical equalizer can carry out equalization processing on transmission optical signals of which the polarization directions change randomly. The optical receiving module comprises a polarization beam splitting rotation assembly and a time delay assembly. The polarization beam splitting rotating assembly is used for receiving the transmission optical signal transmitted to the optical receiving module and splitting the transmission optical signal into a first optical signal with the polarization direction being the first polarization direction and a second optical signal with the polarization direction being the second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction is different from the second polarization direction. The polarization beam splitting rotation assembly is also used for adjusting the polarization direction of the second optical signal to the first polarization direction so as to obtain a third optical signal. And the polarization beam splitting rotation assembly is also used for transmitting the fourth optical signal to the time delay assembly and outputting the fifth optical signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to an optical receiving module, an optical equalizer and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] The optical fiber communication system uses light as a carrier and optical fiber as a transmission medium for communication. The optical fiber communication system usually includes a first communication device, a second communication device, and an optical fiber connecting the two communication devices. The first communication device generates a transmission optical signal according to the transmission data, and transmits the transmission optical signal to the second communication device through the optical fiber. The second communication device receives the transmission optical signal, processes the transmission optical signal to obtain the transmission data, and then realizes communication.

[0003] Typically, the first communication device continuously sends multiple transmission optical signals, which usually undergo dispersion when transmitted in the optical fiber. Dispersion causes pulse broadening of the multiple transmission optical signals when they are transmitted to the second communication device, and any adjacent transmission optical signals overlap, causing interference.

[0004] At present, a common solution is to set an optical equalizer in the second communication device to reduce the interference between adjacent transmission optical signals. However, the polarization direction of the transmission optical signal transmitted from the optical fiber to the second communication device changes randomly, and the existing optical equalizer can only process the transmission optical signal of a certain polarization direction, and the existing optical equalizer has limited functions. Moreover, there is currently no suitable optical receiving module that can be set in the optical equalizer to process the transmission optical signal with randomly changing polarization direction. Summary of the invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides an optical receiving module, an optical equalizer and a communication device. The optical receiving module can process optical signals with mixed polarization states. When the optical receiving module is arranged in the optical equalizer, the optical equalizer can perform equalization processing on transmission optical signals with randomly changing polarization directions.

[0006] In the first aspect, an optical receiving module is provided, which includes a polarization beam splitting rotation component and a time delay component. The polarization beam splitting rotation component is used to receive a transmission optical signal transmitted to the optical receiving module, and split the transmission optical signal into a first optical signal with a polarization direction of a first polarization direction and a second optical signal with a polarization direction of a second polarization direction, wherein the first polarization direction is different from the second polarization direction. The polarization beam splitting rotation component is also used to adjust the polarization direction of the second optical signal to the first polarization direction to obtain a third optical signal. The polarization beam splitting rotation component is also used to transmit a fourth optical signal to the time delay component and output a fifth optical signal. The fourth optical signal is one of the first optical signal and the third optical signal, and the fifth optical signal is the other of the first optical signal and the third optical signal. The time delay component is used to delay the fourth optical signal to obtain a sixth optical signal and output the sixth optical signal. In the optical receiving module, the polarization beam splitting rotation component can receive a transmission optical signal of any polarization direction, and output a fourth optical signal with a polarization direction of the first polarization direction and a fifth optical signal with a polarization direction of the first polarization direction. Since the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fourth optical signal is different from the time when the fifth optical signal is output, a delay component is set so that the delay component delays the fourth optical signal to obtain the sixth optical signal and outputs the sixth optical signal. Then the optical receiving module finally outputs the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, and by adjusting the delay time of the fourth optical signal by the delay component, the difference between the time when the optical receiving module outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the optical receiving module outputs the sixth optical signal can meet the requirements, so that the optical receiving module can process the transmission optical signal of any polarization direction, and output the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal whose time difference meets the requirements, and the optical receiving module has flexibility. Exemplarily, the optical receiving module is set in an optical equalizer, and the optical receiving module outputs the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal at the same time, so that the optical equalizer provided with the optical receiving module can perform equalization processing on the transmission optical signal with randomly changing polarization direction.

[0007] Optionally, the delay component is specifically used to delay the fourth optical signal by a first time length to obtain a sixth optical signal, wherein the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fourth optical signal is the first time length. In this optional mode, the delay component is specifically used to delay the fourth optical signal by a first time length to obtain a sixth optical signal, and the first time length is the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fourth optical signal, then the difference between the time when the optical receiving module outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the optical receiving module outputs the sixth optical signal is 0, that is, the optical receiving module outputs the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal at the same time.

[0008] Optionally, the delay component includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit; the first delay unit is used to delay the fourth optical signal for a fixed time length; the second delay unit is used to delay the fourth optical signal for a variable time length. In this optional manner, when it is necessary to control the delay component to delay the fourth optical signal for a predetermined time length, the sum of the fixed time length and the variable time length is equal to the predetermined time length. For example, when the optical receiving module is required to output the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal at the same time, the sum of the fixed time length and the variable time length is equal to the first time length.

[0009] Optionally, the optical receiving module also includes a control component; the control component is used to receive the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, generate an electrical signal according to the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, and transmit the electrical signal to the second delay unit; the second delay unit is specifically used to delay the fourth optical signal by a variable time length according to the electrical signal. In this optional manner, the control component can generate an electrical signal according to the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, and the second delay unit can delay the fourth optical signal by a variable time length according to the electrical signal. Then, when the difference between the time when the optical receiving module outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the optical receiving module outputs the sixth optical signal does not meet the requirements, the value of the electrical signal generated by the control component according to the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal will change, and the variable time length for which the second delay unit delays the fourth optical signal according to the electrical signal will also change, so that the difference between the time when the optical receiving module outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the optical receiving module outputs the sixth optical signal can meet the requirements.

[0010] Optionally, the first delay unit includes a passive optical waveguide of fixed length.

[0011] Optionally, the optical receiving module further includes a beam combining component; the beam combining component is used to receive the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, combine the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal to obtain a seventh optical signal, and output the seventh optical signal. In this optional manner, the optical receiving module ultimately outputs the seventh optical signal, and the polarization direction of the seventh optical signal is the first polarization direction, that is, the optical receiving module converts the transmission optical signal of any polarization direction into the seventh optical signal with the polarization direction of the first polarization direction. When the device connected to the optical receiving module can only receive one optical signal, the optical receiving module can also output one optical signal, and the optical receiving module can be connected to different devices.

[0012] Optionally, the optical receiving module also includes a control component; the control component is used to receive the seventh optical signal, generate an electrical signal based on the seventh optical signal, and transmit the electrical signal to a second delay unit; the second delay unit is specifically used to delay the fourth optical signal by a variable time length based on the electrical signal.

[0013] In a second aspect, an optical equalizer is provided, comprising: n taps, n-1 delay control modules, a combiner, and an optical receiving module as described in any one of the first aspect above; n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the optical receiving module is connected to the first tap of the n taps; any two taps of the n taps are connected via a delay control module; and each of the n taps is also connected to the combiner.

[0014] Optionally, each of the n-1 delay control modules is used to delay the received optical signal for a second time length; each of the n taps is used to adjust the amplitude of the received optical signal to obtain an output optical signal, and transmit the output optical signal to a combiner; the combiner is used to combine the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal, and output the combined optical signal.

[0015] Optionally, the first tap among the n taps is specifically used to receive the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, combine the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal to obtain a seventh optical signal, and adjust the amplitude of the seventh optical signal to obtain an output optical signal.

[0016] Optionally, the optical receiving module includes an interference component; the first tap among the n taps is specifically used to adjust the amplitude of the seventh optical signal to obtain an output optical signal, and the seventh optical signal is obtained by combining the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal by the combining component in the optical receiving module.

[0017] Optionally, the optical equalizer also includes a control module, which is connected to the combiner and connected to each of the n taps; the control module is used to receive the combined optical signal, generate n first electrical signals based on the combined optical signal, and transmit the xth first electrical signal among the n first electrical signals to the xth tap among the n taps, x∈[1,n]; the xth tap among the n taps is specifically used to adjust the amplitude of the received optical signal according to the xth first electrical signal to obtain the xth output optical signal.

[0018] Optionally, the control module is connected to each of the n-1 delay control modules; the control module is used to receive the combined optical signal, generate n-1 second electrical signals based on the combined optical signal, and transmit the yth second electrical signal among the n-1 second electrical signals to the yth delay control module among the n-1 delay control modules, y∈[1,n-1]; the yth delay control module among the n-1 delay control modules is specifically used to delay the received optical signal by a second time length according to the yth second electrical signal.

[0019] Optionally, the control module is specifically used to judge the quality of the received combined optical signal, and when the quality of the combined optical signal does not meet the preset conditions, update the n first electrical signals and n-1 second electrical signals; when the quality of the combined optical signal meets the preset conditions, stop updating the n first electrical signals and n-1 second electrical signals.

[0020] Optionally, each of the n taps includes an amplitude control unit and a phase shift unit; the phase shift unit is arranged between the amplitude control unit and the combiner; the amplitude control unit in the zth tap among the n taps is used to adjust the amplitude of the optical signal received by the zth tap; the phase shift unit in the zth tap among the n taps is used to shift the phase of the optical signal received by the xth tap.

[0021] Optionally, the delay component in the optical receiving module includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit; the control module is connected to the second delay unit; the control module is also used to generate a third electrical signal based on the combined optical signal, and transmit the third electrical signal to the second delay unit, so that the second delay unit delays the fourth optical signal by a variable time length according to the third electrical signal.

[0022] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising one or more optical equalizers as described in any one of the second aspect.

[0023] Optionally, the communication device also includes an optical signal to electrical signal conversion device; one or more optical equalizers include a first optical equalizer; the first optical equalizer is used to receive a first transmission optical signal, perform equalization processing on the first transmission optical signal, and transmit the first transmission optical signal after equalization processing to the optical signal to electrical signal conversion device; the optical signal to electrical signal conversion device is used to generate a first transmission electrical signal based on the first transmission optical signal.

[0024] Optionally, the communication device further includes a decoder; the decoder is used to receive the first transmission electrical signal generated by the optical signal to electrical signal conversion device, and decode the first transmission electrical signal to obtain first transmission data.

[0025] Optionally, the communication device also includes an electrical signal-to-optical signal conversion device; one or more optical equalizers include a second optical equalizer; the electrical signal-to-optical signal conversion device is used to generate a second transmission optical signal based on the second transmission electrical signal, and transmit the second transmission optical signal to the second optical equalizer; the second optical equalizer is used to perform equalization processing on the second transmission optical signal.

[0026] Optionally, the communication device further includes an encoder; the encoder is used to encode the second transmission data to obtain a second transmission electrical signal, and transmit the second transmission electrical signal to the electrical signal-to-optical signal device.

[0027] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any possible implementation method of the second to third aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by different implementation methods of the above-mentioned first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber communication system provided for this application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another optical fiber communication system provided by the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical fiber communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the change in polarization direction of a transmitted optical signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical receiving module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical receiving module provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical equalizer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical equalizer provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the principle of an optical equalizer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an optical signal output by an amplitude control unit in an optical equalizer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an optical equalizer provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.15A schematic diagram of the structure of a passive optical fiber network provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technological terms used herein have the same meaning as those known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B, which may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are a kind of "or" relationship. "At least one of the following (individuals)" or its similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (individuals) or plural items (individuals). For example, at least one of a, b or c (individuals) may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a, b and c, wherein a, b and c may be single or multiple. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and order.

[0045] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0048] Reference Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a structural schematic diagram of an optical fiber communication system 10, in which the optical fiber communication system 10 includes a communication device 20, a communication device 30, and an optical fiber 40 connecting the communication device 20 and the communication device 30. Among them, the communication device 20 generates a transmission optical signal S101 according to the transmission data, and the communication device 20 transmits the transmission optical signal S101 to the communication device 30 through the optical fiber 40. The communication device 30 receives the transmission optical signal S101, processes the transmission optical signal S101 to obtain the transmission data, and then realizes communication.

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the communication device 20 includes a digital signal processing (DSP) device 210 and an electrical to optical (E / O) device 220. The DSP device 210 is used to receive transmission data, process the transmission data to obtain a transmission electrical signal E101, and transmit the transmission electrical signal E101 to the E / O device 220. The E / O device 220 generates a transmission optical signal S101 according to the transmission electrical signal E101. Exemplarily, the E / O device 220 includes an electro-absorption modulated laser (EML), a direct modulation laser (DML), etc.

[0050] Exemplarily, the DSP device 210 includes a forward error correction (FEC) encoder 211, a pre-compensation circuit 212, and a digital to analog converter (DAC) 213. The FEC encoder 211 receives transmission data, adds redundant data to the transmission data, and generates a transmission electrical signal E101. The communication device 30 can correct the bit error caused by the channel error according to the redundant data; the pre-compensation circuit 212 is used to correct the distortion and loss of the transmission electrical signal E101; and the DAC 213 is used to convert the transmission electrical signal E101 in the form of a digital signal into the transmission electrical signal E101 in the form of an analog signal.

[0051] Reference Figure 1As shown, the communication device 30 includes an optical to electrical (O / E) device 310 and a DSP device 320. The O / E device 310 is used to receive the transmission optical signal S101, determine the transmission electrical signal E101 according to the transmission optical signal S101, and transmit the transmission electrical signal E101 to the DSP device 320. The DSP device 320 is used to process the transmission electrical signal E101 to obtain transmission data. Exemplarily, the O / E device 310 includes a photodiode PIN, etc.

[0052] Among them, a transmission optical signal S101 includes only one pulse, which is one bit. The communication device 20 often sends multiple transmission optical signals continuously. When the multiple transmission optical signals are transmitted in the optical fiber 40, dispersion usually occurs. The dispersion will cause the pulses of the multiple transmission optical signals to be broadened when they are transmitted to the communication device 30. Any adjacent transmission optical signals will overlap, forming interference. When the interference is serious, the communication device 30 will be unable to determine the transmission data. In order to solve the interference caused by dispersion, Figure 1 The DSP device 320 shown is usually provided with an electrical equalizer 323 , which can reduce the interference caused by the dispersion of the optical fiber 40 .

[0053] For example, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the DSP device 320 includes an analog to digital converter (ADC) 321, a clock recovery circuit 322, an electrical equalizer 323, and an FEC decoder 324. Among them, the DAC 213 is used to convert the transmission electrical signal E101 in the form of an analog signal into the transmission electrical signal E101 in the form of a digital signal; the clock recovery circuit 322 is used to determine the start data bit and the end data bit of the transmission electrical signal E101; the electrical equalizer 322 is used to perform equalization processing on the transmission electrical signal E101 to reduce the interference caused by the dispersion of the optical fiber 40; the FEC decoder 324 is used to decode the transmission electrical signal E101 to generate transmission data.

[0054] at present, Figure 1 The optical fiber communication system 10 shown in the figure mostly uses wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology. In this case, the specific structures of the communication devices 20 and 30 in the optical fiber communication system 10 refer to Figure 2 shown.

[0055] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the communication device 20 includes a plurality of DSP devices 210 and a plurality of E / O devices 220, and the communication device 20 also includes a combiner 230. Exemplarily, Figure 24 DSP devices 210 and 4 E / O devices 220 are shown in the figure. DSP device 210-1 is used to process the first transmission data to obtain the transmission electrical signal E101; E / O device 220-1 generates a transmission optical signal S101 according to the transmission electrical signal E101, and the wavelength of the transmission optical signal S101 is λ1. DSP device 210-2 is used to process the second transmission data to obtain the transmission electrical signal E102; E / O device 220-2 generates a transmission optical signal S102 according to the transmission electrical signal E102, and the wavelength of the transmission optical signal S102 is λ2. DSP device 210-3 is used to process the third transmission data to obtain the transmission electrical signal E103; E / O device 220-3 generates a transmission optical signal S103 according to the transmission electrical signal E103, and the wavelength of the transmission optical signal S103 is λ3. The DSP device 210-4 is used to process the fourth transmission data to obtain the transmission electrical signal E104; the E / O device 220-4 generates a transmission optical signal S104 according to the transmission electrical signal E104, and the wavelength of the transmission optical signal S104 is λ4. The combiner 230 combines the transmission optical signal S101, the transmission optical signal S102, the transmission optical signal S103 and the transmission optical signal S104 into the transmission optical signal S1. The communication device 20 specifically transmits the transmission optical signal S1 to the communication device 30 through the optical fiber 40. In some examples, λ1 can be 1271 nanometers, λ2 can be 1291 nanometers, λ3 can be 1311 nanometers, and λ4 can be 1331 nanometers.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the communication device 30 includes a plurality of O / E devices 310 and a plurality of DSP devices 320, and the communication device 30 also includes a splitter 330. Exemplarily, Figure 24 O / E devices 310 and 4 DSP devices 320 are shown in the figure. Specifically, the splitter 330 receives the transmission optical signal S1 transmitted by the communication device 20 through the optical fiber 40, and the splitter 330 splits the transmission optical signal S1 into a transmission optical signal S101, a transmission optical signal S102, a transmission optical signal S103 and a transmission optical signal S104. Among them, the O / E device 310-1 is used to receive the transmission optical signal S101, and determine the transmission electrical signal E101 according to the transmission optical signal S101; the DSP device 320-1 is used to process the transmission electrical signal E101 to obtain the first transmission data. The O / E device 310-2 is used to receive the transmission optical signal S102, and determine the transmission electrical signal E102 according to the transmission optical signal S102; the DSP device 320-2 is used to process the transmission electrical signal E102 to obtain the second transmission data. The O / E device 310-3 is used to receive the transmission optical signal S103, and determine the transmission electrical signal E103 according to the transmission optical signal S103; the DSP device 320-3 is used to process the transmission electrical signal E103 to obtain the third transmission data. The O / E device 310-4 is used to receive the transmission optical signal S104, and determine the transmission electrical signal E104 according to the transmission optical signal S104; the DSP device 320-4 is used to process the transmission electrical signal E104 to obtain the fourth transmission data.

[0057] For example, in Figure 2 In the optical fiber communication system 10 shown, each of the four DSP devices 320 is provided with an electrical equalizer 323 .

[0058] In some examples, reference Figure 2 As shown, the communication device 20 may also be provided with an O / E device 310 and a DSP device 320, so that the communication device 20 can both send and receive transmission optical signals. The communication device 30 may also be provided with a DSP device 210 and an E / O device 220, so that the communication device 30 can both send and receive transmission optical signals. Wherein, when the communication device includes both a DSP device 210 and a DSP device 320, the DSP device 210 and the DSP device 320 in the communication device are usually integrated into one chip, and the power consumption of the pre-compensation circuit 212 in the chip accounts for about 6%, the power consumption of the FEC encoder 211 and the FEC decoder 324 accounts for about 11%, the power consumption of the clock recovery circuit 322 accounts for about 6%, the power consumption of the DAC 213 and the ADC 321 accounts for about 37%, and the power consumption of the electrical equalizer 323 accounts for about 40%. It can be seen that the power consumption of the electrical equalizer 323 accounts for the largest proportion.

[0059] Based on this, those skilled in the art have proposed to move the electrical equalizer, which consumes a large proportion of power, from the electrical domain to the optical domain, and use an optical equalizer instead of the electrical equalizer to reduce the interference caused by the dispersion of the optical fiber 40 .

[0060] Among them, refer to Figure 3 As shown, compared to Figure 2 The optical fiber communication system 10 shown, Figure 3 In the optical fiber communication system 10 shown, the optical equalizer can be set on the light input side of the splitter 330, so that the transmission optical signal S1 transmitted by the communication device 20 through the optical fiber 40 first passes through the optical equalizer 340. The optical equalizer 340 is used to perform equalization processing on the transmission optical signal S1 to reduce the interference caused by the dispersion of the optical fiber 40, and then transmit the transmission optical signal S1 to the splitter 330.

[0061] For example, in Figure 3 When the polarization direction of the transmission optical signal S1 generated by each E / O device 220 is the horizontal polarization direction TE, the polarization direction of the transmission optical signal S1 generated by the combiner 230 is the horizontal polarization direction TE. Figure 4 As shown, when the transmission optical signal S1 is transmitted through the optical fiber 40, since the birefringence of the optical fiber 40 is not equal everywhere, the polarization direction of the transmission optical signal S1 with the horizontal polarization direction TE will rotate randomly, thereby making the polarization direction of the transmission optical signal S1 received by the optical equalizer 340 uncertain. However, the existing optical equalizer 340 can usually only process optical signals with a specific polarization direction. For example, when the optical equalizer 340 can only process optical signals with the horizontal polarization direction TE, and the transmission optical signal S1 transmitted to the optical equalizer 340 includes a portion of the optical signal with the vertical polarization direction TM and a portion of the optical signal with the horizontal polarization state TE, the optical equalizer 340 will lose the portion of the optical signal with the vertical polarization direction TM in the transmission optical signal S1, and can only perform equalization processing on the portion of the optical signal with the horizontal polarization direction TE and transmit the processed optical signal to the splitter 320. For another example, when the optical equalizer 340 can only process optical signals with a horizontal polarization direction TE, and the polarization direction of the transmission optical signal S1 transmitted to the optical equalizer 340 is a vertical polarization direction TM, the optical equalizer 340 will not be able to receive the transmission optical signal S1, resulting in communication failure.

[0062] It can be seen that the existing optical equalizer 340 has the risk of failing to receive the transmission optical signal. Moreover, there is currently no suitable optical receiving module that can be arranged in the optical equalizer 340 to process the transmission optical signal with randomly changing polarization direction.

[0063] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical receiving module that can process optical signals with mixed polarization states. When the optical receiving module is arranged in an optical equalizer, the optical equalizer can perform equalization processing on transmission optical signals with randomly changing polarization directions.

[0064] Reference Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical receiving module 50, which includes: a polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 and a time delay component 52; wherein the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 is used to receive a transmission optical signal S1 transmitted to the optical receiving module 50, and split the transmission optical signal S1 into an optical signal S11 (also referred to as a first optical signal) with a polarization direction of a first polarization direction and an optical signal S12 (also referred to as a second optical signal) with a polarization direction of a second polarization direction, wherein the first polarization direction is different from the second polarization direction. The polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 is also used to adjust the polarization direction of the optical signal S12 to the first polarization direction to obtain an optical signal S13 (also referred to as a third optical signal). The polarization beam splitting and rotation component 51 is also used to transmit the optical signal S14 (also called the fourth optical signal) to the delay component 52, and output the optical signal S15 (also called the fifth optical signal), wherein the optical signal S14 is one of the optical signals S11 and S13, and the optical signal S15 is the other optical signal of the optical signal S11 and S13.

[0065] Exemplarily, the first polarization direction may be, for example, a horizontal polarization direction TE, and the second polarization direction may be, for example, a vertical polarization direction TM. The polarization direction of the transmission optical signal S1 received by the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 is uncertain, and the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 may split the transmission optical signal S1 into an optical signal S11 having a polarization direction of a horizontal polarization direction TE and an optical signal S12 having a polarization direction of a vertical polarization direction TM, and the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 may adjust the polarization direction of the optical signal S12 to the horizontal polarization direction TE to obtain an optical signal S13.

[0066] Wherein, when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S11 first and then outputs the optical signal S13, in order to delay the optical signal S11, the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 specifically transmits the optical signal S11 to the time delay component 52, and the time delay component 52 delays the optical signal S11 before outputting it, and the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 directly outputs the optical signal S13. Alternatively, when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S13 first and then outputs the optical signal S11, in order to delay the optical signal S13, the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 specifically transmits the optical signal S13 to the time delay component 52, and the time delay component 52 delays the optical signal S13 before outputting it, and the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 directly outputs the optical signal S11. Therefore, the above-mentioned optical signal S14 can specifically be the optical signal that is first output by the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 among the optical signals S11 and S13, and the optical signal S15 can specifically be the optical signal that is last output by the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 among the optical signals S11 and S13.

[0067] For example, after the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 is manufactured, it can be determined whether the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S11 first or the optical signal S13 first.

[0068] The time delay component 52 is used to delay the optical signal S14 to obtain the optical signal S16 (also referred to as the sixth optical signal), and output the optical signal S16. Exemplarily, when the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S14 is the first time length L1, but when the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 is the required time length L0, the time delay component 52 can be controlled to delay the optical signal S14 by the time length value of the first time length L1 minus the required time length L0 to obtain the optical signal S16.

[0069] In the optical receiving module 50, due to the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51, the transmission optical signal S1 is split into an optical signal S11 with a first polarization direction and an optical signal S12 with a second polarization direction, and the polarization direction of the optical signal S12 is adjusted to the first polarization direction to obtain an optical signal S13. The polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 also transmits the optical signal S14 to the delay component 52, and outputs the optical signal S15, the optical signal S14 is one of the optical signals S11 and S13, and the optical signal S15 is the other of the optical signals S11 and S13. It can be seen that the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 can receive the transmission optical signal S1 with any polarization direction, and output the optical signal S14 with a first polarization direction and the optical signal S15 with a first polarization direction. Since the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S14 is different from the time when the optical signal S15 is output, a time delay component 52 is set so that the time delay component 52 delays the optical signal S14 to obtain the optical signal S16 and outputs the optical signal S16. Then the optical receiving module 50 finally outputs the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, and by adjusting the delay time of the optical signal S14 by the time delay component 52, the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 can meet the requirements, so that the optical receiving module 50 can process the transmission optical signal S1 of any polarization direction, and output the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 whose time difference meets the requirements, and the optical receiving module 50 is flexible. Exemplarily, the optical receiving module 50 is disposed in an optical equalizer, and the optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, so that the optical equalizer provided with the optical receiving module 50 can perform equalization processing on the transmission optical signal with randomly changing polarization direction.

[0070] Exemplarily, the optical receiving module 50 is set in the optical equalizer, and the optical receiving module 50 is required to output the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 at the same time, that is, the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 is 0, then the delay component 52 is specifically used to delay the optical signal S14 by a first time length L1 to obtain the optical signal S16, wherein the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S14 is the first time length L1.

[0071] In some examples, reference Figure 5As shown, the delay component 52 includes a delay unit 521 (also referred to as a first delay unit) and a delay unit 522 (also referred to as a second delay unit). The delay unit 521 is used to delay the optical signal S14 by a fixed time length L11. Exemplarily, the delay unit 521 may be, for example, a passive optical waveguide of fixed length. The delay unit 522 is used to delay the optical signal S14 by a variable time length L12. Exemplarily, the delay unit 522 may be, for example, a device for controlling the delay time length by power-on, for example, a delay control module using a thermo-optical effect, an electro-optical effect, etc., such as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). Wherein, when it is necessary to control the delay component 52 to delay the optical signal S14 by the first time length L1 minus the required time length L0, the sum of the fixed time length L11 and the variable time length L12 is equal to the first time length L1 minus the required time length L0. When the optical receiving module 50 is required to output the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 simultaneously, that is, when the duration L0 is required to be 0, the sum of the fixed duration L11 and the variable duration L12 is equal to the first duration L1.

[0072] For example, refer to Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the optical receiving module 50 further includes a control component 53; the control component 53 is used to receive the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, generate an electrical signal E522 according to the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, and transmit the electrical signal E522 to the delay unit 522; the delay unit 522 is specifically used to delay the optical signal S14 by a variable time length L12 according to the electrical signal E522 to obtain the optical signal S16. For example, the control component 53 may generate the electrical signal E522 according to the difference between the time when the optical signal S15 is received and the time when the optical signal S16 is received; for another example, the control component 53 may generate the electrical signal E522 according to the waveform of the optical signal after the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 are combined. Among them, the value of the electrical signal E522 is related to the value of the variable time length L12. When the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 is not the required time length L0, the control component 53 adjusts the size of the electrical signal E522 according to the received optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, so that the delay unit 522 can change the variable time length L12 of the optical signal S14 delayed according to the electrical signal E522, and finally makes the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 the required time length L0. When the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 is the required time length L0, the control component 53 will no longer adjust the size of the electrical signal E522 according to the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, so that the delay unit 522 can delay the optical signal S14 for a variable time length L12 according to the electrical signal E522, and the difference between the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the optical receiving module 50 outputs the optical signal S16 is the required time length L0.

[0073] In other examples, refer to Figure 6 As shown, compared to Figure 5 The light receiving module 50 shown, Figure 6 The optical receiving module 50 shown also includes a beam combining component 54; the beam combining component 54 is used to receive the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, combine the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 to obtain the optical signal S17 (also referred to as the seventh optical signal), and output the optical signal S17. In this example, the optical receiving module 50 finally outputs the optical signal S17, and the polarization direction of the optical signal S17 is the first polarization direction, that is, the optical receiving module 50 converts the transmission optical signal S1 of any polarization direction into the optical signal S17 with the polarization direction of the first polarization direction. When the device connected to the optical receiving module 50 can only receive one optical signal, the optical receiving module 50 can also output one optical signal, and the optical receiving module 50 can be connected to different devices.

[0074] in, Figure 6 The optical receiving module 50 shown may also include a delay component 52 and a control component 53. Figure 6 In the optical receiving module 50 shown, the control component 53 is specifically used to receive the optical signal S17, generate the electrical signal E522 according to the optical signal S17, and transmit the electrical signal E522 to the delay unit 522; the delay unit 522 is specifically used to delay the optical signal S14 by a variable time length t12 according to the electrical signal E522. Among them, the control component 53 can generate the electrical signal E522 according to the waveform of the optical signal S17, so that the delay unit 522 can change or not change the variable time length L12 of the delay of the optical signal S14 according to the electrical signal E522, thereby making the waveform of the optical signal S17 a target waveform, and the target waveform can reflect that the difference between the time when the beam combining component 54 receives the optical signal S15 and the time when the beam combining component 54 receives the optical signal S16 is the required time length L0.

[0075] For example, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides an optical equalizer 60, including: n taps 61 (indicated as taps 61-1 to taps 61-n in the figure), n-1 delay control modules 62 (indicated as delay control modules 62-1 to delay control modules 62-(n-1) in the figure), a beam combiner 63, and Figure 5 or Figure 6 The light receiving module 50 shown in FIG. 5 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, Figure 7 As shown, the n taps 61 include the first tap 61-1, the second tap 61-2, ... the nth tap 61-n; the n-1 delay control modules 62 include the first delay control module 62-1, ... the n-1th delay control module 62-(n-1). The optical receiving module 50 is connected to the first tap 61-1 of the n taps 61; any two taps 61 of the n taps 61 are connected via a delay control module 62; each of the n taps 61 is also connected to a beam combiner 63.

[0076] Exemplarily, the input end of the optical receiving module 50 is connected to the input end of the optical equalizer 60, and the output end of the optical receiving module 50 is connected to the input end of the first tap 61-1. Each tap 61 specifically includes a first output end and a second output end, and the first output end of the mth tap 61-m is connected to the input end of the m+1th tap 61-(m+1) through the mth delay control module 62-m, m∈[1,n-1], and the second output end of each of the n taps 61 is connected to the n input ends of the combiner 63 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the output end of the combiner 63 is connected to the output end of the optical equalizer 60.

[0077] in, Figure 7In the optical equalizer 60 shown, each of the n-1 delay control modules 62 is used to delay the received optical signal by a second time length L2. Exemplarily, the second time length t2 can be equal to the time difference between two adjacent transmission optical signals received by the optical equalizer 60. When an optical signal received by the optical equalizer 60 corresponds to a bit position, the second time length L2 is also called a bit interval. Each of the n taps 61 is used to adjust the amplitude of the received optical signal to obtain an output optical signal, and transmit the output optical signal to the combiner 63. Among them, the n taps 61 will transmit n output optical signals to the combiner 63. The combiner 63 is used to combine the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal and output the combined optical signal.

[0078] For example, refer to Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The optical receiving module 50 in the optical equalizer 60 shown is specifically Figure 5 The optical receiving module 50 shown in the figure needs to output the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16. The optical receiving module 50 specifically has two output ends, so the first tap 61-1 connected to the optical receiving module 50 specifically includes two input ends, and the two output ends of the optical receiving module 50 are connected to the two input ends of the first tap 61-1 in a one-to-one correspondence. Among them, the time delay component 52 in the optical receiving module 50 delays the optical signal S14 by the first time length L1 to obtain the optical signal S16, wherein the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S15 and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S14 is the first time length L1, so the optical receiving module 50 can output the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 at the same time. The tap 61-1 is specifically used to receive the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, combine the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 to obtain the optical signal S17, and adjust the amplitude of the optical signal S17 to obtain the output optical signal S18.

[0079] Exemplarily, when the optical equalizer 60 receives multiple transmission optical signals, there is interference between every n transmission optical signals, and n taps 61 are set so that the optical equalizer 60 can perform equalization processing on the received multiple transmission optical signals, and reduce or even cancel the interference between adjacent transmission optical signals in the multiple transmission optical signals. For example, when there is interference between every three transmission optical signals received by the optical equalizer 60, three taps 61 are set; for another example, when there is interference between every ten transmission optical signals received by the optical equalizer 60, ten taps 61 are set.

[0080] For example, refer to Figure 8As shown, the function of the optical equalizer 60 is described by taking the case that there is interference between every three transmission optical signals received by the optical equalizer 60, and three taps 61 and two delay control modules 62 are set in the optical equalizer 60. Figure 8 The optical equalizer shown receives 6 transmission optical signals, which are transmission optical signal S1, transmission optical signal S2, transmission optical signal S3, transmission optical signal S4, transmission optical signal S5, and transmission optical signal S6. The interval between two adjacent transmission optical signals among the 6 transmission optical signals is the second time length L2, and each of the two delay control modules 62 is used to delay the received optical signal by the second time length L2. In addition, Figure 8 The tap 61-1 shown adjusts the amplitude of the received optical signal, specifically multiplying the received optical signal by a coefficient b1; the tap 61-2 adjusts the amplitude of the received optical signal, specifically multiplying the received optical signal by a coefficient b2; the tap 61-3 adjusts the amplitude of the received optical signal, specifically multiplying the received optical signal by a coefficient b3. In this example, it is assumed that there is no delay when the optical signal passes through any of the taps 61.

[0081] Should Figure 8 The working principle of the optical equalizer 60 shown is as follows:

[0082] At time t1, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S1. The optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 according to the transmission optical signal S1; the tap 61-1 combines the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 to obtain the optical signal S17, and the tap 61-1 adjusts the amplitude of the optical signal S17 to obtain the output optical signal S18, and transmits the output optical signal S18 to the combiner 63. At this time, the other taps 61 do not transmit the output optical signal to the combiner 63, so the combiner 63 combines the n output optical signals into the combined optical signal S100, and outputs the combined optical signal S100, wherein S100=S18=S17×b1=S1×b1.

[0083] At time t2, which is a second time length L2 after time t1, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S2; the optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S25 and the optical signal S26 according to the transmission optical signal S2; the tap 61-1 combines the optical signal S25 and the optical signal S26 to obtain the optical signal S27, and the tap 61-1 adjusts the amplitude of the optical signal S27 to obtain the output optical signal S28, and transmits the output optical signal S28 to the combiner 63. Among them, at time t2, the output optical signal S18 generated by the tap 61-1 at time t1 is transmitted to the tap 61-2 through the delay control module 62-1; the tap 61-2 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S18 to obtain the output optical signal S18', and transmits the output optical signal S18' to the combiner 63. Therefore, tap 61-1 transmits the output optical signal S28 to the combiner 63, tap 61-2 transmits the output optical signal S18' to the combiner 63, and tap 61-3 does not transmit the output optical signal to the combiner 63. The combiner 63 combines the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal S200 and outputs the combined optical signal S200. S200=S18+S18'=S2×b1+S1×b1×b2.

[0084] At time t3, which is a second time length L2 after time t2, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S3; the optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S35 and the optical signal S36 according to the transmission optical signal S3; the tap 61-1 combines the optical signal S35 with the optical signal S36 to obtain the optical signal S37, and the tap 61-1 adjusts the amplitude of the optical signal S37 to obtain the output optical signal S38, and transmits the output optical signal S38 to the beam combiner 63. Among them, at time t3, the output optical signal S28 generated by the tap 61-1 at time t2 is transmitted to the tap 61-2 through the delay control module 62-1; the tap 61-2 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S28 to obtain the output optical signal S28', and transmits the output optical signal S28' to the beam combiner 63. Among them, at time t3, the output optical signal S18' generated by the tap 61-2 at time t2 is transmitted to the tap 61-3 through the delay control module 62-2; the tap 61-3 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S18' to obtain the output optical signal S18", and transmits the output optical signal S18" to the combiner 63. Therefore, the tap 61-1 transmits the output optical signal S38 to the combiner 63, the tap 61-2 transmits the output optical signal S28' to the combiner 63, and the tap 61-3 transmits the output optical signal S18" to the combiner 63. The combiner 63 combines the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal S300, and outputs the combined optical signal S300, S300 = S38 + S28' + S18" = S3×b1 + S2×b1×b2 + S1×b1×b2×b3.

[0085] At time t4, which is a second time length L2 after time t3, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S4; the optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S45 and the optical signal S46 according to the transmission optical signal S4; the tap 61-1 combines the optical signal S45 with the optical signal S46 to obtain the optical signal S47, and the tap 61-1 adjusts the amplitude of the optical signal S47 to obtain the output optical signal S48, and transmits the output optical signal S48 to the combiner 63. Among them, at time t4, the output optical signal S38 generated by the tap 61-1 at time t3 is just transmitted to the tap 61-2 through the delay control module 62-1; the tap 61-2 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S38 to obtain the output optical signal S38', and transmits the output optical signal S38' to the combiner 63. Among them, at time t4, the output optical signal S28' generated by the tap 61-2 at time t3 is transmitted to the tap 61-3 through the delay control module 62-2; the tap 61-3 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S28' to obtain the output optical signal S28", and transmits the output optical signal S28" to the combiner 63. Therefore, the tap 61-1 transmits the output optical signal S48 to the combiner 63, the tap 61-2 transmits the output optical signal S38' to the combiner 63, and the tap 61-3 transmits the output optical signal S28" to the combiner 63. The combiner 63 combines the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal S400, and outputs the combined optical signal S400, S400 = S48 + S38' + S28" = S4×b1 + S3×b1×b2 + S2×b1×b2×b3.

[0086] At time t5, which is a second time length L2 after time t4, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S5; the optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S55 and the optical signal S56 according to the transmission optical signal S5; the tap 61-1 combines the optical signal S55 with the optical signal S56 to obtain the optical signal S57, and the tap 61-1 adjusts the amplitude of the optical signal S57 to obtain the output optical signal S58, and transmits the output optical signal S58 to the beam combiner 63. Among them, at time t5, the output optical signal S48 generated by the tap 61-1 at time t4 is just transmitted to the tap 61-2 through the delay control module 62-1; the tap 61-2 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S48 to obtain the output optical signal S48', and transmits the output optical signal S48' to the beam combiner 63. Among them, at time t5, the output optical signal S38' generated by the tap 61-2 at time t4 is transmitted to the tap 61-3 through the delay control module 62-2; the tap 61-3 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S38' to obtain the output optical signal S38", and transmits the output optical signal S38" to the combiner 63. Therefore, the tap 61-1 transmits the output optical signal S58 to the combiner 63, the tap 61-2 transmits the output optical signal S48' to the combiner 63, and the tap 61-3 transmits the output optical signal S38" to the combiner 63. The combiner 63 combines the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal S500, and outputs the combined optical signal S500, S500 = S58 + S48' + S38" = S5×b1 + S4×b1×b2 + S3×b1×b2×b3.

[0087] At time t6, which is a second time length L2 after time t5, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S6; the optical receiving module 50 simultaneously outputs the optical signal S65 and the optical signal S66 according to the transmission optical signal S6; the tap 61-1 combines the optical signal S65 and the optical signal S66 to obtain the optical signal S67, and the tap 61-1 adjusts the amplitude of the optical signal S67 to obtain the output optical signal S68, and transmits the output optical signal S68 to the combiner 63. Among them, at time t6, the output optical signal S58 generated by the tap 61-1 at time t5 is just transmitted to the tap 61-2 through the delay control module 62-1; the tap 61-2 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S58 to obtain the output optical signal S58', and transmits the output optical signal S58' to the combiner 63. Among them, at time t6, the output optical signal S48' generated by the tap 61-2 at time t5 is transmitted to the tap 61-3 through the delay control module 62-2; the tap 61-3 adjusts the amplitude of the output optical signal S48' to obtain the output optical signal S48", and transmits the output optical signal S48" to the combiner 63. Therefore, the tap 61-1 transmits the output optical signal S68 to the combiner 63, the tap 61-2 transmits the output optical signal S58' to the combiner 63, and the tap 61-3 transmits the output optical signal S48" to the combiner 63. The combiner 63 combines the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal S600, and outputs the combined optical signal S600, S600 = S68 + S58' + S48" = S6×b1 + S5×b1×b2 + S4×b1×b2×b3.

[0088] At time tz, the combined optical signal S(z×100)=S(z)×b1+S(z-1)×b1×b2+S(z-2)×b1×b2×b3.

[0089] For example, refer to Fig. 9As shown, the optical equalizer 60 receives the transmission optical signal S4, the transmission optical signal S5 and the transmission optical signal S6 in sequence, and the transmission optical signals S4, S5 and S6 interfere with each other due to dispersion, which causes the transmission optical signals S4, S5 and S6 to have pulse broadening, and the amplitudes of the transmission optical signals S4, S5 and S6 change. Specifically, the crosstalk coefficient of the transmission optical signal S4 is D1, the crosstalk coefficient of the transmission optical signal S5 is D2, and the crosstalk coefficient of the transmission optical signal S6 is D3, so the dispersion causes the optical signal received by the optical equalizer 60 to be S4×D1+S5×D2+S6×D3. Then, by adjusting the coefficient b1 of tap 61-1, the coefficient b2 of tap 61-2 and the coefficient b3 of tap 61-3, the coefficient b1 is equal to the inverse of the crosstalk coefficient D3, the product of the coefficient b1 and the coefficient b2 is equal to the inverse of the crosstalk coefficient D2, and the product of the coefficient b1, the coefficient b2 and the coefficient b3 is equal to the inverse of the crosstalk coefficient D3, then the combined optical signal S600 output by the optical equalizer 60 can be made into the transmission optical signal S4, the transmission optical signal S5 and the transmission optical signal S6 without interference.

[0090] Exemplarily, when the transmission optical signal is the transmission optical signal S1, the first optical signal is specifically an optical signal S11, the second optical signal is specifically an optical signal S12, the third optical signal is specifically an optical signal S13, the fourth optical signal is specifically an optical signal S14, the fifth optical signal is specifically an optical signal S15, and the sixth optical signal is specifically an optical signal S16.

[0091] Similarly, when the transmission optical signal is the transmission optical signal S(k), the first optical signal is specifically the optical signal S(k*10+1), the second optical signal is specifically the optical signal S(k*10+2), the third optical signal is specifically the optical signal S(k*10+3), the fourth optical signal is specifically the optical signal S(k*10+4), the fifth optical signal is specifically the optical signal S(k*10+5), and the sixth optical signal is specifically the optical signal S(k*10+6). In the above example, k∈[2,3,4,5,6]. The optical receiving module 50 receives the transmission optical signal S(k), and the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 in the optical receiving module 50 splits the transmission optical signal S(k) into an optical signal S(k*10+1) having a first polarization direction and an optical signal S(k*10+2) having a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction is different from the second polarization direction. The polarization beam splitting and rotating component 51 is further used to adjust the polarization direction of the optical signal S(k*10+2) to the first polarization direction to obtain the optical signal S(k*10+3). The polarization beam splitting and rotating component 51 is further used to transmit the optical signal S(k*10+4) to the time delay component 52, and output the optical signal S(k*10+5), wherein the optical signal S(k*10+4) is one of the optical signals S(k*10+1) and the optical signal S(k*10+3), and the optical signal S(k*10+5) is the other of the optical signals S(k*10+1) and the optical signal S(k*10+3). The delay component 52 is used to delay the optical signal S(k*10+4) by a first time length L1 to obtain an optical signal S(k*10+6) (also called the sixth optical signal), and output the optical signal S(k*10+6), wherein the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S(k*10+5) and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component 51 outputs the optical signal S(k*10+4) is the first time length L1.

[0092] For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown, the optical equalizer 60 also includes a control module 64, which is connected to the combiner 63, and the control module 64 is connected to each of the n taps 61; the control module 64 is used to receive the combined optical signal, generate n electrical signals E61 (also referred to as the first electrical signal) according to the combined optical signal, and transmit the xth electrical signal E61-x among the n electrical signals E61 to the xth tap 61-x among the n taps, x∈[1,n]; the xth tap 61-x among the n taps 61 is specifically used to adjust the amplitude of the received optical signal according to the xth electrical signal E61-x to obtain the xth output optical signal.

[0093] For example, when the control module 64 is not clear about the specific values ​​of the crosstalk coefficient D1 of the transmission optical signal S4, the crosstalk coefficient D2 of the transmission optical signal S5, and the crosstalk coefficient D3 of the transmission optical signal S6, the control module 64 usually generates the preset n electrical signals E61 before the time t1; at the time t1, generates n electrical signals E61 according to the combined optical signal S100; at the time t2, generates n electrical signals E61 according to the combined optical signal S200; at the time t3, generates n electrical signals E61 according to the combined optical signal S300; n electrical signals E61; at time t4, n electrical signals E61 are generated according to the combined optical signal S400; at time t5, n electrical signals E61 are generated according to the combined optical signal S500... Among them, when the value of the x-th electrical signal E61-x received by the x-th tap 61-x changes, the amplitude adjustment degree of the received optical signal by the x-th tap 61-x will also change, that is, the x-th electrical signal E61-x received by the x-th tap 61-x is related to the coefficient bx of the x-th tap 61-x. By adjusting the size of the n electrical signals E61 through the control module 64, the degree of amplitude adjustment of the received optical signal by the n taps 61 can be adjusted, thereby reducing or even canceling the interference between adjacent transmission optical signals in the multiple transmission optical signals output by the combiner 63, thereby improving the performance of the optical equalizer 60.

[0094] For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown, the control module 64 is connected to each of the n-1 delay control modules 62; the control module 64 is used to receive the combined optical signal, generate n-1 electrical signals E62 (also called the second electrical signal) according to the combined optical signal, and transmit the yth electrical signal E62-y among the n-1 electrical signals E62 to the yth delay control module 62-y among the n-1 delay control modules 62, y∈[1,n-1]; the yth delay control module 62-y among the n-1 delay control modules 62 is specifically used to delay the received optical signal by a second time length L2 according to the yth electrical signal E62-y.

[0095] Exemplarily, in the optical equalizer 60 actually produced, there will be a delay when the optical signal passes through any tap 61, and the control module 64 will usually generate a preset n-1 electrical signal E62 before time t1; at time t1, n-1 electrical signals E62 are generated according to the combined optical signal S100; at time t2, n-1 electrical signals E62 are generated according to the combined optical signal S200; at time t3, n-1 electrical signals E62 are generated according to the combined optical signal S300; at time t4, n-1 electrical signals E62 are generated according to the combined optical signal S400; at time t5, n-1 electrical signals E62 are generated according to the combined optical signal S500…wherein, when the value of the yth electrical signal E62-y received by the yth delay control module 62-y changes, the second time length L2 for delaying the received optical signal by the yth delay control module 62-y will also change. By adjusting the size of n-1 electrical signals E62 through the control module 64, the size of the second time length L2 for delaying the received optical signal by the n-1 delay control modules 62 can be adjusted, so that the phase difference of the n output optical signals received by the combiner 63 can be made 0, thereby improving the performance of the optical equalizer 60.

[0096] For example, in Figure 8 The optical equalizer 60 shown includes Figure 5 In the optical receiving module 50 shown, the delay component 52 in the optical receiving module 50 includes a delay unit 521 and a delay unit 511; wherein the control module 64 of the optical equalizer 60 is connected to the delay unit 521; in this case, the control module 64 is also used to generate an electrical signal E522 (also referred to as a third electrical signal) according to the combined optical signal, and transmit the electrical signal E522 to the delay unit 522, so that the delay unit 522 delays the optical signal S(k*10+4) by a variable time length L12 according to the electrical signal E522. In this example, the function of the control component 53 in the optical receiving module 50 is transferred to the control module 64 of the optical modulator 60, and the control module 64 generates the electrical signal E522.

[0097] Specifically, when Figure 8 When the optical equalizer 60 shown includes n taps 61, the first m transmission optical signals among the multiple transmission optical signals received by the optical equalizer 60 are used for iteration, where m is greater than or equal to n. Figure 8The optical equalizer 60 shown includes 3 taps. Assuming that the first 5 transmission optical signals are used for iteration, during the iteration process, the control module 64 first generates the preset n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signals E522 before the moment t1. Subsequently, at each moment from the moment t1 to the moment t5, the control module 64 generates n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signals E522 according to the combined optical signal. Specifically, the control module 64 judges the quality of the received combined optical signal. When the quality of the combined optical signal does not meet the preset conditions, the n electrical signals E62, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signals E522 are updated to obtain the updated n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signals E522. The quality of the combined optical signal includes the bit error rate and the signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, at time t6, the control module 64 generates n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signal E522 based on the combined optical signal. Specifically, the control module 64 judges the quality of the received combined optical signal, and when the quality of the combined optical signal meets the preset conditions, stops updating the n electrical signals E62, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signal E522, that is, the n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signal E522 generated at time t6 have the same values ​​as the n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signal E522 generated at time t5, and the values ​​of the n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and electrical signal E522 are maintained at every moment after time t6.

[0098] Usually, during one data transmission process, the optical equalizer 60 only needs to iterate once to determine appropriate values ​​of the n electrical signals E61, n-1 electrical signals E62 and the electrical signal E522 so that the quality of the combined optical signal meets the preset conditions.

[0099] For example, refer to Figure 7 or Figure 8 As shown, each of the n taps 61 includes an amplitude control unit 611 and a phase shift unit 612; the phase shift unit 612 is arranged between the amplitude control unit 611 and the combiner 63; the amplitude control unit 611 in the z-th tap 61-z among the n taps 61 is used to adjust the amplitude of the optical signal received by the z-th tap; the phase shift unit 612 in the z-th tap 61-z among the n taps 61 is used to shift the phase of the optical signal received by the z-th tap 61-z.

[0100] For example, Figure 7 or Figure 8The amplitude control unit 611 in the tap 61-1 shown is specifically a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), wherein there are two modulation arms between the input side intersection A and the output side intersection B of the MZI, wherein the two input ends of the MZI receive two optical signals transmitted to the tap 61-1, for example, they may be optical signals S15 and S16, wherein at the input side intersection A, the optical signals S15 and S16 are combined into optical signals S17, and the optical signals S17 are transmitted to the output side intersection B through the two modulation arms of the MZI. Among them, one of the two modulation arms of the MZI is provided with an electric receiving unit for receiving electric signals, and the other modulation arm is not provided with an electric receiving unit. The electric signal E61-1 transmitted to the tap 61-1 is specifically transmitted to the electric receiving unit. Under the action of the electric signal E61-1, the electric receiving unit changes the amplitude of the optical signal S17 transmitted in the modulation arm provided with the electric receiving unit, while the amplitude of the optical signal S17 transmitted in the modulation arm not provided with the electric receiving unit does not change. At the output end intersection B, the optical signal S17 with changed amplitude interferes with the optical signal S17 with unchanged amplitude to generate an output optical signal S18, so that the MZI can adjust the amplitude of the optical signal received by the tap 61-1. Exemplarily, the output optical signal S18 includes an output optical signal S18-1 and an output optical signal S18-2 with opposite amplitudes, wherein the output optical signal S18-1 is transmitted to the tap 61-2 through the delay control module 62-1, and the output optical signal S18-2 is transmitted to the beam combiner 63 through the phase shift unit 612. The phase shift unit 612 is used to shift the phase of the optical signal received by the tap 61-1, specifically, to shift the phase of the output optical signal S18-2, and the phase shift makes the phase difference between the output optical signal S18-2 transmitted to the beam combiner 63 and the output optical signal S18-1 transmitted to the delay control module 62-1 be 0.

[0101] For example, refer to Fig.10 As shown in (a), Fig.10 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the voltage value received by the MZI electrical receiving component. Fig.10 The vertical axis of (a) represents the amplitude of the output optical signal. Fig.10 As shown in (a), when the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 are simultaneously transmitted to the tap 61-1, the waveform of the optical signal S17 generated by the MZI in the tap 61-1 is a rectangular wave, which makes the output optical signal S18-1 ( Fig.10 The curve (a) in (a) and the output optical signal S18-2 ( Fig.10 The amplitude of the curve (a) in (b) can vary in the interval [-1,1]. Fig.10 As shown in (b), Fig.10The horizontal axis of (b) represents the voltage value received by the MZI electrical receiving component. Fig.10 The vertical axis of (b) represents the amplitude of the output optical signal. Fig.10 As shown in (b) in FIG. 1 , when the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 are not transmitted to the tap 61-1 at the same time, the waveform of the optical signal S17 generated by the MZI in the tap 61-1 is not a rectangular wave, which makes the output optical signal S18-1 ( Fig.10 The curve (b) in (c) and the output optical signal S18-2 ( Fig.10 The amplitude of curve (iv) in (b) can only vary in the range of [-0.6,0.6].

[0102] For example, in Figure 7 or Figure 8 When the optical receiving module 50 in the optical equalizer 60 shown includes a delay unit 522, the delay unit 522 can receive the electrical signal E522 to delay the optical signal by a variable time length, so that the optical receiving module 50 can simultaneously output the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16, and then the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 can be simultaneously transmitted to the tap 61-1, and finally the amplitude of the output optical signal generated by the MZI in the tap 61-1 can vary within the range of [-1,1].

[0103] For example, refer to Fig.11 As shown, compared to Figure 7 The optical equalizer 60 shown, Fig.11 The optical receiving module 50 in the optical equalizer 60 shown is specifically Figure 6 The optical receiving module 50 shown in the figure includes a beam combining component 54. The optical receiving module 50 outputs an optical signal S17. Therefore, the first tap 61-1 connected to the optical receiving module 50 specifically includes an input end, and an output end of the optical receiving module 50 is connected to an input end of the first tap 61-1. The first tap 61-1 is specifically used to adjust the amplitude of the optical signal S17 to obtain an output optical signal S18. The optical signal S17 is obtained by combining the optical signal S15 and the optical signal S16 by the beam combining component 54 in the optical receiving module 50.

[0104] For example, Fig.11 The optical equalizer 60 shown may further include a control module 64, wherein the functions of the control module 64 refer to the above embodiment and are not described in detail here. Fig.11 The working principle of the optical equalizer 60 shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown in the optical equalizer 60, no further description is given here, and Fig.11 The tap 61 - 1 shown is used to directly adjust the amplitude of the optical signal S17 .

[0105] For example, Figure 7 or Figure 8 or Fig. 9 The optical equalizer 60 shown can also be arranged at Figure 3 In the communication device 30 shown, the communication capability of the communication device 30 is improved.

[0106] Exemplarily, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, comprising one or more Figure 7 or Figure 8 or Fig. 9 The optical equalizer 60 is shown. Fig.12 As shown, Fig.12 The communication device 70 shown includes an optical equalizer 71 (also called a first optical equalizer), and the communication device 70 also includes an O / E device 72; wherein the optical equalizer 71 is used to receive a transmission optical signal S8 (also called a first transmission optical signal), perform equalization processing on the transmission optical signal S8, and transmit the transmission optical signal S8 after equalization processing to the O / E device 72; the O / E device 72 is used to generate a transmission electrical signal E8 (also called a first transmission electrical signal) according to the transmission optical signal S8. Exemplarily, the optical equalizer 71 performs equalization processing on the transmission optical signal S8, specifically reducing or even canceling the interference between the transmission optical signal S8 and other transmission optical signals. Fig.12 The communication device 70 shown may be, for example, an optical signal receiving device.

[0107] For example, Fig.12 The communication device 70 shown also includes a decoder 73, which may be, for example, a FEC decoder. The decoder 73 is used to receive the transmission electrical signal E8 generated by the O / E device 72, and decode the transmission electrical signal E8 to obtain received transmission data, which is also referred to as first transmission data.

[0108] For example, refer to Fig.12 As shown, the communication device 70 also includes ADC74 and a clock recovery circuit 75, wherein the transmission electrical signal E8 generated by the O / E device 72 will pass through ADC74-clock recovery circuit 75-decoder 73 in sequence, DAC74 is used to convert the transmission electrical signal E8 in the form of an analog signal into the transmission electrical signal E8 in the form of a digital signal; the clock recovery circuit 75 is used to determine the starting data bit and the ending data bit of the transmission electrical signal E8; the decoder 73 decodes the transmission electrical signal E8 to obtain the received transmission data, which is also called the first transmission data.

[0109] For example, refer to Fig.13 As shown, Fig.13 The communication device 70 shown includes an optical equalizer 77 (also referred to as a second optical equalizer). Fig.13The communication device 70 shown also includes an E / O device 76; the E / O device 76 is used to generate a transmission optical signal S9 (also called a second transmission optical signal) according to the transmission electrical signal E9 (also called a second transmission electrical signal), and transmit the transmission optical signal S9 to an optical equalizer 77; the optical equalizer 77 is used to perform equalization processing on the transmission optical signal S9. Exemplarily, the purpose of the optical equalizer 77 performing equalization processing on the transmission optical signal S9 is to add interference to the transmission optical signal S9. When the added interference and the interference generated when the transmission optical signal S9 is transmitted in the channel cancel each other out, it can be considered that the transmission optical signal S9 output by the communication device 70 has no interference. Fig.13 The communication device 70 shown may be, for example, an optical signal transmitting device.

[0110] For example, refer to Fig.13 As shown, the communication device 70 further includes an encoder 78; the encoder 78 may be, for example, an FEC encoder. The encoder 78 is used to encode the transmitted transmission data to obtain a transmission electrical signal E9, and transmit the transmission electrical signal E9 to the E / O device 76, wherein the transmitted transmission data is also referred to as second transmission data. Exemplarily, Fig.13 A DAC 79 is also provided between the encoder 78 and the E / O device 76. The encoder 78 is used to encode the transmitted transmission data to obtain the transmission electrical signal E9, and the DAC 79 converts the transmission electrical signal E9 in the form of a digital signal into the transmission electrical signal E9 in the form of an analog signal.

[0111] In other embodiments, reference Fig.14 As shown, Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown includes two optical equalizers, namely an optical equalizer 71 and an optical equalizer 77 . Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown also includes an O / E device 72, a decoder 73, an ADC 74, and a clock recovery circuit 75 connected to the optical equalizer 71 for receiving transmission data; Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown also includes an E / O device 76 connected to an optical equalizer 77, an encoder 78, and a DAC 79 for sending transmission data. Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown is a communication device integrating a transmitter and a receiver.

[0112] In some examples, Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown may be an optical line terminal (ONT) in a passive optical network (PON), or an optical line terminal (OLT) in a PON, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Fig.15 As shown, Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a PON 80 provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the PON 80 includes a communication device 70-1, the communication device 70-1 is specifically an OLT, and the communication device 70-1 is specifically Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown in the figure, and the communication device 70-1 also includes a wavelength combiner / demultiplexer 81; the PON80 envelops the communication device 70-2, and the communication device 70-2 is specifically an ONT, and the communication device 70-2 is specifically Fig.14 The communication device 70 shown in FIG. 1 further includes a wavelength multiplexing / demultiplexing device 81. The PON 80 also includes an optical fiber 82 connecting the communication device 70-1 and the communication device 70-2.

[0113] The communication device 70 - 1 may generate a downlink transmission optical signal S801 , and transmit the downlink transmission optical signal S801 to the communication device 70 - 2 through the optical fiber 82 , and the communication device 70 - 2 determines the downlink transmission data according to the downlink transmission optical signal S801 .

[0114] Specifically, in the communication device 70-1, the encoder 78 is used to encode the downlink transmission data to obtain the downlink transmission electrical signal E801; the DAC 79 converts the downlink transmission electrical signal E801 in the form of a digital signal into the downlink transmission electrical signal E801 in the form of an analog signal; the E / O device 76 is used to generate a downlink transmission optical signal S801 according to the downlink transmission electrical signal E801, and transmit the downlink transmission optical signal S801 to the optical equalizer 77; the optical equalizer 77 is used to perform equalization processing on the downlink transmission optical signal S801; the wavelength combiner / demultiplexer 81 is used to combine the downlink transmission optical signal S801 with other downlink transmission optical signals. The communication device 70-1 transmits the combined downlink transmission optical signal to the communication device 70-2 through the optical fiber 82.

[0115] In the communication device 70-2, the wavelength combiner / demultiplexer 81 is used to split the combined downlink transmission optical signal and transmit the downlink transmission optical signal S801 to the optical equalizer 71; the optical equalizer 71 is used to receive the downlink transmission optical signal S801, perform equalization processing on the downlink transmission optical signal S801, and transmit the downlink transmission optical signal S801 after equalization processing to the O / E device 72; the O / E device 72 is used to generate a downlink transmission electrical signal E801 according to the downlink transmission optical signal S801; the DAC 74 is used to convert the downlink transmission electrical signal E801 in the form of an analog signal into the downlink transmission electrical signal E801 in the form of a digital signal; the clock recovery circuit 75 is used to determine the start data bit and the end data bit of the downlink transmission electrical signal E801; the decoder 73 decodes the downlink transmission electrical signal E801 to obtain the downlink transmission data.

[0116] The communication device 70 - 2 may generate an uplink transmission optical signal S802 , and transmit the uplink transmission optical signal S802 to the communication device 70 - 1 through the optical fiber 82 . The communication device 70 - 1 determines the uplink transmission data according to the uplink transmission optical signal S802 .

[0117] Specifically, in the communication device 70-2, the encoder 78 is used to encode the uplink transmission data to obtain the uplink transmission electrical signal E802; the DAC 79 converts the uplink transmission electrical signal E802 in the form of a digital signal into the uplink transmission electrical signal E802 in the form of an analog signal; the E / O device 76 is used to generate the uplink transmission optical signal S802 according to the uplink transmission electrical signal E802, and transmit the uplink transmission optical signal S802 to the optical equalizer 77; the optical equalizer 77 is used to perform equalization processing on the uplink transmission optical signal S802; the wavelength combiner / demultiplexer 81 is used to combine the uplink transmission optical signal S802 with other uplink transmission optical signals. The communication device 70-1 transmits the combined uplink transmission optical signal S802 to the communication device 70-2 through the optical fiber 82.

[0118] In the communication device 70-2, the wavelength combiner / demultiplexer 81 is used to split the uplink transmission optical signal after the combination, and transmit the uplink transmission optical signal S802 to the optical equalizer 71; the optical equalizer 71 is used to receive the uplink transmission optical signal S802, perform equalization processing on the uplink transmission optical signal S802, and transmit the uplink transmission optical signal S802 after the equalization processing to the O / E device 72; the O / E device 72 is used to generate an uplink transmission electrical signal E802 according to the uplink transmission optical signal S802; the DAC 74 is used to convert the uplink transmission electrical signal E802 in the form of an analog signal into the uplink transmission electrical signal E802 in the form of a digital signal; the clock recovery circuit 75 is used to determine the starting data bit and the ending data bit of the uplink transmission electrical signal E802; the decoder 73 decodes the uplink transmission electrical signal E802 to obtain the uplink transmission data.

[0119] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An optical receiving module, characterized in that: include: Polarization beam splitter rotation components and time delay components; The polarization beam splitting and rotating component is used to receive the transmission optical signal transmitted to the optical receiving module, and split the transmission optical signal into a first optical signal with a first polarization direction and a second optical signal with a second polarization direction, wherein the first polarization direction is different from the second polarization direction; The polarization beam splitting and rotating component is further used to adjust the polarization direction of the second optical signal to the first polarization direction to obtain a third optical signal; The polarization beam splitting and rotating component is further used to transmit a fourth optical signal to the time delay component and output a fifth optical signal, wherein the fourth optical signal is one of the first optical signal and the third optical signal, and the fifth optical signal is the other of the first optical signal and the third optical signal; The delay component is used to delay the fourth optical signal to obtain a sixth optical signal, and output the sixth optical signal.

2. The optical receiving module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delay component is specifically used to delay the fourth optical signal for a first time length to obtain the sixth optical signal, wherein the difference between the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fifth optical signal and the time when the polarization beam splitting rotation component outputs the fourth optical signal is the first time length.

3. The optical receiving module according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized by: The delay component includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit; The first delay unit is used to delay the fourth optical signal for a fixed time length; The second delay unit is used to delay the fourth optical signal by a variable time length.

4. The optical receiving module according to claim 3, characterized in that ； The optical receiving module also includes a control component; The control component is configured to receive the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, generate an electrical signal according to the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, and transmit the electrical signal to the second delay unit; The second delay unit is specifically configured to delay the fourth optical signal by the variable time length according to the electrical signal.

5. The optical receiving module according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that ； The first delay unit includes a passive optical waveguide of fixed length.

6. The optical receiving module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The optical receiving module also includes a beam combining component; The beam combining component is used to receive the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, combine the fifth optical signal with the sixth optical signal to obtain a seventh optical signal, and output the seventh optical signal.

7. An optical equalizer, characterized in that: Comprising: n taps, n-1 delay control modules, a beam combiner, and an optical receiving module as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; The optical receiving module is connected to the first tap of the n taps; any two taps of the n taps are connected via a delay control module; and each of the n taps is also connected to the combiner.

8. The optical equalizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the n-1 delay control modules is used to delay the received optical signal for a second time length; Each of the n taps is used to adjust the amplitude of the received optical signal to obtain an output optical signal, and transmit the output optical signal to the beam combiner; The beam combiner is used to combine the n output optical signals into a combined optical signal and output the combined optical signal.

9. The optical equalizer according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The first tap among the n taps is specifically used to receive the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal, combine the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal to obtain a seventh optical signal, and adjust the amplitude of the seventh optical signal to obtain the output optical signal.

10. The optical equalizer according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The optical receiving module includes an interference component; The first tap among the n taps is specifically used to adjust the amplitude of the seventh optical signal to obtain the output optical signal, and the seventh optical signal is obtained by the beam combining component in the optical receiving module combining the fifth optical signal and the sixth optical signal.

11. The optical equalizer according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The optical equalizer further comprises a control module, the control module is connected to the beam combiner, and the control module is connected to each of the n taps; The control module is configured to receive the combined optical signal, generate n first electrical signals according to the combined optical signal, and transmit an xth first electrical signal among the n first electrical signals to an xth tap among the n taps, x∈[1,n]; The xth tap among the n taps is specifically used to adjust the amplitude of the received optical signal according to the xth first electrical signal to obtain the xth output optical signal.

12. The optical equalizer according to claim 11, characterized in that: The control module is connected to each of the n-1 delay control modules; The control module is configured to receive the combined optical signal, generate n-1 second electrical signals according to the combined optical signal, and transmit the yth second electrical signal among the n-1 second electrical signals to the yth delay control module among the n-1 delay control modules, y∈[1,n-1]; The yth delay control module among the n-1 delay control modules is specifically configured to delay the received optical signal by the second time length according to the yth second electrical signal.

13. The optical equalizer according to claim 12, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used to judge the quality of the received combined optical signal, and when the quality of the combined optical signal does not meet the preset conditions, update the n first electrical signals and the n-1 second electrical signals; when the quality of the combined optical signal meets the preset conditions, stop updating the n first electrical signals and the n-1 second electrical signals.

14. The optical equalizer according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that: Each of the n taps comprises an amplitude control unit and a phase shift unit; the phase shift unit is arranged between the amplitude control unit and the beam combiner; The amplitude control unit in the z-th tap among the n taps is used to adjust the amplitude of the optical signal received by the z-th tap; z∈[1,n]; The phase shift unit in the zth tap among the n taps is used to shift the phase of the optical signal received by the zth tap.

15. The optical equalizer according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The delay component in the optical receiving module includes a first delay unit and a second delay unit; The control module is connected to the second delay unit; The control module is further configured to generate a third electrical signal according to the combined optical signal, and transmit the third electrical signal to the second delay unit, so that the second delay unit delays the fourth optical signal by the variable time length according to the third electrical signal.

16. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising one or more optical equalizers as described in any one of claims 7-15.

17. The communication device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The communication device further comprises an optical signal to electrical signal conversion device; the one or more optical equalizers comprise a first optical equalizer; The first optical equalizer is used to receive a first transmission optical signal, perform equalization processing on the first transmission optical signal, and transmit the first transmission optical signal after equalization processing to the optical signal to electrical signal conversion device; The optical signal to electrical signal conversion device is used to generate a first transmission electrical signal according to the first transmission optical signal.

18. The communication device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The communication device also includes a decoder; The decoder is used to receive the first transmission electrical signal generated by the optical signal to electrical signal conversion device, and decode the first transmission electrical signal to obtain first transmission data.

19. The communication device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: The communication device further comprises an electrical signal-to-optical signal conversion device; the one or more optical equalizers comprise a second optical equalizer; The electrical signal to optical signal conversion device is used to generate a second transmission optical signal according to the second transmission electrical signal, and transmit the second transmission optical signal to the second optical equalizer; The second optical equalizer is used to perform equalization processing on the second transmission optical signal.

20. The communication device according to claim 19, characterized in that The communication device also includes an encoder; The encoder is used to encode the second transmission data to obtain the second transmission electrical signal, and transmit the second transmission electrical signal to the electrical signal-to-optical signal conversion device.

Images