Antenna array, selection method thereof and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna array, a selection method thereof and electronic equipment. The antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna sub-arrays, each antenna sub-array comprises a high-frequency antenna unit and a low-frequency antenna unit, the plurality of antenna sub-arrays are arranged in a first direction to form a sub-array group, the plurality of sub-array groups are arranged in a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction. In the antenna array, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the first antenna sub-array in the first antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the second antenna sub-array in the second antenna sub-array. The position of the first antenna sub-array in the antenna array is different from the position of the second antenna sub-array in the antenna array. Thus, by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units at different positions in the respective antenna sub-arrays, the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units in the whole antenna array can be adjusted, and the scanning angle of the antenna array can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of antennas, and particularly to an antenna array, a selection method thereof, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In existing satellite terminal devices, antennas are usually divided into two separate independent arrays for reception and transmission, and mechanical scanning is required to assist in improving the scanning coverage of the array, making the overall size of the satellite terminal large, heavy, and not easy to carry, and unable to meet the application requirements of scenarios such as airborne, vehicle-mounted, and single-soldier carrying. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna array, a selection method thereof, and an electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an antenna array. The antenna array includes a plurality of antenna sub-arrays. Each antenna sub-array includes a high-frequency antenna unit and a low-frequency antenna unit. The plurality of antenna sub-arrays are arranged along a first direction to form a sub-array group, and a plurality of sub-array groups are arranged along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are different. In the antenna array, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the first antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the second antenna sub-array in the second antenna sub-array. The position of the first antenna sub-array in the antenna array is different from the position of the second antenna sub-array in the antenna array.

[0005] It can be understood that "first" and "second" are used to distinguish antenna sub-arrays at different positions in the antenna array. The phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit refers to that after the electromagnetic wave radiated by the high-frequency antenna unit leaves the antenna by a certain distance, its equiphase surface will approximate to a spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface is the equivalent phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit. According to the different positions of the phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit in the antenna sub-array, the antenna sub-arrays are classified and distinguished. The antenna array may include at least two categories of antenna sub-arrays.

[0006] In the antenna array, by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays, that is, by arranging different categories of antenna sub-arrays at different positions in the antenna array, the adjustable phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units in the entire antenna array can be realized. The smaller the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units in the entire antenna array, the larger the scanning angle of the antenna array. In this way, the adjustable scanning angle of the antenna array can be realized. At the same time, in the antenna array, by optimizing the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units in the antenna sub-arrays at each position in the array, the non-periodic arrangement of multiple high-frequency antenna units can be realized, achieving the purpose of optimizing the grating side lobes of the high-frequency antenna array and being beneficial to suppressing the grating lobes of the antenna array.

[0007] In a possible implementation, within the same sub-array group, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna elements in the third antenna sub-array within the third antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna elements in the fourth antenna sub-array within the fourth antenna sub-array. The position of the third antenna sub-array within the sub-array group is different from the position of the fourth antenna sub-array within the sub-array group.

[0008] It can be understood that "third" and "fourth" are used to distinguish antenna sub-arrays at different positions within the same sub-array group. The third antenna sub-array and the fourth antenna sub-array can be adjacent antenna sub-arrays or non-adjacent antenna sub-arrays. At least two types of antenna sub-arrays are provided in a sub-array group, further disrupting the arrangement of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array. Furthermore, there can be more choices for adjusting the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array, which is beneficial for adjusting the phase center spacing of the equivalent high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array to the target value.

[0009] In a possible implementation, within the same sub-array group, the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in N adjacent and consecutive antenna sub-arrays within their respective antenna sub-arrays are different, where N ≥ 2. In this way, the arrangement of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array is further disrupted. Furthermore, there can be more choices for adjusting the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array, which is beneficial for adjusting the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array to the target value.

[0010] In a possible implementation, within the same sub-array group, N adjacent and consecutive antenna sub-arrays form a sub-array unit. In two adjacent sub-array units, the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in two adjacent antenna sub-arrays located in the two sub-array units within their respective antenna sub-arrays are different. In this way, the arrangement of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array is further disrupted. Furthermore, there can be more choices for adjusting the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array, which is beneficial for adjusting the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array to the target value.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the antenna sub-array is square, rectangular, hexagonal, or circular; and / or

[0012] the high-frequency antenna element is square, triangular, trapezoidal, or circular; and / or

[0013] the low-frequency antenna element is "L"-shaped, square, triangular, trapezoidal, or circular.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is 90°.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the number of high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array is equal to the number of low-frequency antenna elements.

[0016] It can be understood that by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna sub-arrays at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays, the purpose of reducing the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array can also be achieved, without increasing the number of high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array.

[0017] In one possible implementation, in the antenna array, the equivalent phase center spacing between the high-frequency antenna elements is less than the spacing between the antenna sub-arrays.

[0018] It can be understood that the spacing between the antenna sub-arrays can refer to the distance between the centers of the antenna sub-arrays. The smaller the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array, the larger the scanning angle of the antenna array. By adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays, the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire antenna array can be reduced, increasing the scanning angle of the antenna array.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the directivity coefficient of the antenna array is greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient, where the target directivity coefficient is determined based on the size of the antenna array, the element pattern of the antenna sub-array, and the position of the antenna sub-array in the antenna array; and / or, the grating lobes of the antenna array are greater than or equal to the target grating lobes.

[0020] It can be understood that by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements of the antenna sub-arrays at different positions in the antenna array in their respective antenna sub-arrays, the directivity coefficient of the antenna array can be greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient, and the grating lobes of the antenna array can meet the target grating lobes.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for selecting an antenna array. The method for selecting an antenna array includes:

[0022] Step 1: Given the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements of each antenna sub-array in the random antenna array in their respective antenna sub-arrays; where the random antenna array includes multiple antenna sub-arrays, the antenna sub-arrays include high-frequency antenna elements and low-frequency antenna elements, and the multiple antenna sub-arrays are arranged in a first direction to form a sub-array group, and the multiple sub-array groups are arranged in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different. In the random antenna array, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna elements in the first antenna sub-array in the first antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna elements in the second antenna sub-array in the second antenna sub-array. The position of the first antenna sub-array in the antenna array is different from the position of the second antenna sub-array in the antenna array.

[0023] Step 2: Calculate the directivity coefficient and grating lobes of the random antenna array;

[0024] Step 3: Determine whether one or more of the following conditions are satisfied:

[0025] The directivity coefficient of the random antenna array is greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient, and the grating lobes of the random antenna array are greater than or equal to the target grating lobes;

[0026] The target directivity coefficient is determined based on the size of the random antenna array, the element pattern of the random antenna array, and the position of the antenna sub-array in the antenna array;

[0027] Step 4: If satisfied, determine the random antenna array as the target antenna array.

[0028] It can be understood that in the random antenna array, by adjusting the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements at different positions in the positions of their respective antenna sub-arrays, the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire random antenna array can be made adjustable. The smaller the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the entire random antenna array, the larger the scanning angle of the random antenna array. In this way, the scanning angle of the random antenna array can be made adjustable. By setting the target directivity coefficient and the target grating lobes, the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements of each antenna sub-array in the random antenna array in their respective antenna sub-arrays are determined.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the method for selecting the antenna array further includes: if one or more conditions are not satisfied, repeat steps 1 to 3 until the random antenna array in step 1 satisfies one or more conditions.

[0030] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes an antenna array. The phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna array is adjustable, and thus the scanning angle of the antenna array is adjustable, and the usage scenarios of the electronic device are wider.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes one or more processors and one or more memories; wherein, the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used to store computer program code, and the computer program code includes computer instructions. When the one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the method for selecting the antenna array as described above is performed. Description of the Drawings

[0032] To illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0033] Figure 1a It is a schematic diagram of the usage scenario of an implementation manner of the electronic device provided by this application;

[0034] Figure 1b is Figure 1a a schematic exploded view of an implementation manner of the electronic device shown in

[0035] Figure 2 is Figure 1b a partial structural schematic diagram of an implementation manner of the antenna module shown in

[0036] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial structural exploded view of an implementation manner of the antenna module shown in

[0037] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a partial sectional schematic diagram of an implementation manner of the antenna module shown in at the section line A - A;

[0038] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a layout schematic diagram of an implementation manner of the antenna array shown in

[0039] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a structural schematic diagram of an implementation manner of the antenna sub - array category included in the antenna array shown in

[0040] Figure 7 It is a parameter curve graph of an implementation manner of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a high - frequency radiation pattern of an implementation manner of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 9 It is a low - frequency radiation pattern of an implementation manner of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 10 It is a high - frequency scanning performance graph of an implementation manner of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 11 It is a low - frequency scanning performance graph of an implementation manner of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 12 is Figure 2 a layout schematic diagram of another implementation manner of the antenna array shown in

[0046] Figure 13 is Figure 2Arrangement schematic diagram of another embodiment of the antenna array shown in

[0047] Figure 14 is Figure 2 Arrangement schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the antenna array shown in

[0048] Figure 15 is Figure 2 Arrangement schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the antenna array shown in

[0049] Figure 16 is Figure 2 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the structure shown in at the cross-section line A-A. Specific embodiments

[0050] For ease of understanding, the relevant technical terms involved in the embodiments of the present application will be explained and described below.

[0051] Beam scanning field pattern curve: It refers to the graph in which the beam output power varies with the scanning direction.

[0052] The beam scanning field pattern curve usually has multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the maximum radiation intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or minor lobes. The grating lobe is the radiation beam outside the main lobe and side lobes, and the existence of the grating lobe will affect the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0053] Gain: It is used to characterize the degree to which the antenna concentrates and radiates the input power.

[0054] Array: Array. The directivity of a single antenna is limited. To suit the applications in various scenarios, two or more single antennas operating at the same frequency are fed and arranged in space according to certain requirements to form an antenna array, also called an antenna array. The antenna radiation units that make up the antenna array are called array elements.

[0055] Shared-Aperture Array: Shared-Aperture Array. Multiple frequency bands, multiple polarization antennas, and multiple functional antennas are placed within the same radiation aperture, thereby reducing the number of antennas in the system, improving the utilization rate of the radiation aperture, reducing the physical size of the array, and achieving the characteristics of miniaturization and light weight.

[0056] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described herein by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. It should be understood that in the present application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines such as copper foils or wires of a printed circuit board (PCB) that can transmit electrical signals. "Connection" and "connected" can both refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship. For example, A is connected to B or A is connected with B can mean that there are fastening members (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and it is difficult to separate A and B.

[0058] Furthermore, "fixing" in this article should also be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixing" can be a direct fixing or an indirect fixing through an intermediate medium. Among them, "fixed connection" means that they are connected to each other and the relative position relationship after connection remains unchanged. "Rotational connection" means that they are connected to each other and can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" means that they are connected to each other and can slide relative to each other after connection.

[0059] The orientation terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "upper", "lower", etc., are only with reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the orientation terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application. "Plurality" means two or more than two.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more than two. In addition, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0062] It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related invention and are not a limitation to the invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

[0063] Figure 1a It is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of an embodiment of the electronic device 1000 provided by this application. Figure 1b is Figure 1a An exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device shown in

[0064] An embodiment of this application provides an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 can be an automobile, an airplane, a ship, a tablet personal computer, a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a personal computer, a notebook computer, an in-vehicle device, or other forms of devices capable of receiving and radiating electromagnetic wave signals. Figure 1a and Figure 1b The electronic device 1000 in the illustrated embodiment is described by taking an in-vehicle satellite ground terminal device as an example.

[0065] As Figure 1b shown, the electronic device 1000 may include a housing 100, a main board 200, and an antenna module 300. Among them, the antenna module 300 may include a transceiver antenna array for transmitting and / or receiving electromagnetic waves to achieve a radiation function. The main board 200 may include a radio frequency board and a baseband digital board, etc., and is electrically connected to the antenna module 300 for controlling and powering the antenna module 300.

[0066] Exemplarily, the housing 100 may include a bottom plate 10 and an antenna cover 20. The bottom plate 10 and the antenna cover 20 may be fixedly connected by means of bonding, welding, snap connection, screw connection, etc., and the bottom plate 10 and the antenna cover 20 may also be formed into an integrated structure by an integral molding process. Among them, forming an integrated structure of two components by an integral molding process means that during the process of forming one of the two components, the component is connected to the other component together, and there is no need to connect the two components by means of reprocessing (such as bonding, welding, snap connection, screw connection).

[0067] Exemplarily, the main board 200 and the antenna module 300 may be integrated in the internal space of the housing 100. The housing 100 may be used to protect the main board 200 and the antenna module 300 to avoid external interference with the operation of the main board 200 and the antenna module 300.

[0068] In some embodiments, the main board 200 may include a second substrate, an application processor (AP) chip, and multiple baseband (BB) chips. The application processor chip and the multiple baseband chips are both connected to the second substrate, and the application processor chip is electrically connected to one or more of the multiple baseband chips, and some of the multiple baseband chips are electrically connected to each other. In some embodiments, the second substrate may include one or more substrates, and the one or more substrates may be rigid boards or flexible boards.

[0069] In some embodiments, the second substrate may be composed of a printed circuit board (PCB) and / or a flexible printed circuit (FPC). The second substrate may be a single-layer board or a multi-layer board. The present application does not specifically limit the type and structure of the second substrate.

[0070] The number of antenna modules 300 may be multiple. The multiple antenna modules 300 may work independently of each other or work in combination. Each antenna module 300 in the electronic device 1000 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antenna modules 300 may also be multiplexed to improve the utilization rate of the antenna modules 300. In some other embodiments, the number of antenna modules 300 may also be one, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0071] Among them, in some other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 1000 may include more or fewer components than Figure 1b shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0072] Figure 2 is Figure 1b a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna module 300 shown in Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial structural exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna module 300 shown in Figure 4 is Figure 2 a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna module 300 at the cross-section line A-A shown in

[0073] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, the antenna module 300 may include a first substrate 310 and an antenna array 320. Among them, the antenna array 320 may be connected to the first substrate 310. The antenna array 320 is used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves to achieve the corresponding radiation function. The first substrate 310 may be electrically connected to the second substrate of the main board 200.

[0074] In some embodiments, the main board 200 may further include a radio frequency chip. The radio frequency chip and the baseband chip are electrically connected through the second substrate of the main board 200. The radio frequency chip is configured to modulate the signal from the baseband chip, and transmit the modulated signal to the antenna array 320 through the first substrate 310 and the second substrate for transmission by the antenna array 320; or receive the signal from the antenna array 320, demodulate the signal from the antenna array 320, and transmit it to the baseband chip through the first substrate 310 and the second substrate. A splitter and / or a combiner (not shown in the figure) may be provided between the radio frequency chip and the baseband chip. The splitter and / or the combiner may be disposed on the second substrate. The combiner can combine the two polarized feed signals of the same frequency band from the radio frequency chip to form a frequency band combined signal for transmission to the corresponding baseband chip, so as to achieve the multi-polarized signal transmission function. The splitter can divide the feed signal from the baseband chip into multiple signals with the same frequency band for transmission to the corresponding feed ports, so as to achieve the multi-polarized signal transmission function.

[0075] Exemplarily, the antenna array 320 may include a plurality of antenna sub-arrays 321 and a feed network 322. The antenna sub-arrays 321 are configured to receive and / or transmit electrical signals. The plurality of antenna sub-arrays 321 are spaced apart. The plurality of antenna sub-arrays 321 operate independently. The feed network 322 is connected between the antenna sub-arrays 321 and the radio frequency chip to realize signal transmission between the plurality of antenna sub-arrays 321 and the radio frequency chip.

[0076] The first substrate 310 may be provided with a plurality of sub-array regions 311, and the plurality of antenna sub-arrays 321 are correspondingly disposed in the sub-array regions 311. In some embodiments, a plurality of first ground vias 312 may be provided on the first substrate 310 to enclose a plurality of sub-array regions 311. The plurality of antenna sub-arrays 321 are correspondingly disposed in the sub-array regions 311. In this way, the interference between adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 during their operation is less, and the isolation characteristics between adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 are better. Figure 2 The plurality of first ground vias 312 are connected by a dashed line to schematically distinguish the plurality of sub-array regions 311.

[0077] The antenna sub-array 321 may include a high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and a low-frequency antenna unit 3212. The high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 operate independently of each other. The operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 is greater than that of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212. For example, the operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 may be the Ka band. The operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 may be the K band.

[0078] In some embodiments, the sub-array region 311 may include a high-frequency antenna region 3111 and a low-frequency antenna region 3112. Among them, the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 is correspondingly disposed in the high-frequency antenna region 3111. The low-frequency antenna unit 3212 is correspondingly disposed in the low-frequency antenna region 3112. Exemplarily, the first substrate 310 may be provided with a plurality of second ground holes 313. The plurality of second ground holes 313 divide the sub-array region 311 into a high-frequency antenna region 3111 and a low-frequency antenna region 3112. It can be understood that by providing the second ground holes 313, the sub-array region 311 is divided into a high-frequency antenna region 3111 and a low-frequency antenna region 3112. When the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 work, they can work independently of each other without interference. Figure 2 In the figure, the plurality of second ground holes 313 are connected by a dotted line to schematically distinguish the high-frequency antenna region 3111 and the low-frequency antenna region 3112.

[0079] As Figure 2 shown, the high-frequency antenna region 3111 may be square, and the low-frequency antenna region 3112 may be "L"-shaped. The high-frequency antenna region 3111 is located at the recess of the low-frequency antenna region 3112. One high-frequency antenna region 3111 and one low-frequency antenna region 3112 are combined to form an antenna sub-array 321 region, and the antenna sub-array 321 region may be square. Exemplarily, the side length of the antenna sub-array 321 region may be twice the side length of the high-frequency antenna region 3111.

[0080] In some embodiments, the overall contour of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 may be similar to the shape of the high-frequency antenna region 3111. The overall contour of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 may be similar to the shape of the low-frequency antenna region 3112. In this way, the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 can cover the high-frequency antenna region as much as possible. The low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can cover the high-frequency antenna region as much as possible. In some embodiments, the overall contour of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 may also be different from the shape of the high-frequency antenna region 3111. The overall contour of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 may also be different from the shape of the low-frequency antenna region 3112. This application does not make any restrictions. Figure 2 In the figure, the overall contour of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 is schematically drawn as square. The overall contour of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 is "L"-shaped.

[0081] As Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the antenna array 320 can be a double-layer patch slot-coupled antenna. The high-frequency antenna unit 3211 can include a main unit 3213 and a parasitic unit 3214. The low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can include a main unit 3215 and a parasitic unit 3216. The first substrate 310 can be provided with a high-frequency feeding slot 314 and a low-frequency feeding slot 315. Among them, the high-frequency feeding slot 314 is disposed opposite to the main unit 3213 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211. The low-frequency feeding slot 315 is disposed opposite to the main unit 3215 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212. The feeding network 322 can include a high-frequency feeding stub 3221 and a low-frequency feeding stub 3222. Among them, the high-frequency feeding stub 3221 can feed the main unit 3213 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 through the high-frequency feeding slot 314, and the low-frequency feeding stub 3222 can feed the main unit 3215 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 through the low-frequency feeding slot 315.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first substrate 310 can include a first layer 3101, a second layer 3102, a third layer 3103, and a fourth layer 3104 that are stacked. Among them, the second layer 3102 is disposed between the first layer 3101 and the third layer 3103. The third layer 3103 is disposed between the second layer 3102 and the fourth layer 3104. The parasitic units of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the parasitic units of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can be embedded in the first layer 3101. The main units of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the main units of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can be embedded in the second layer 3102. The high-frequency feeding slot and the low-frequency feeding slot can be disposed in the third layer 3103. The feeding network 322 can be disposed in the fourth layer 3104.

[0083] In some embodiments, the main unit 3213 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the main unit 3215 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can be disposed at the same height. In this way, the volume of the antenna module 300 can be reduced. Along the thickness direction of the first substrate 310, the distance between the main unit 3213 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the fourth layer 3104 is equal to the distance between the main unit 3215 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 and the fourth layer 3104.

[0084] In some embodiments, the parasitic unit 3214 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the parasitic unit 3216 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can also be disposed at the same height. In this way, the volume of the antenna module 300 can be reduced.

[0085] It can be understood that the types and quantities of antennas included in a high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and a low-frequency antenna unit 3212 are not limited in this application. Exemplarily, the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 can be a dual-polarized antenna with ±45° polarization. The low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can include two independent linearly polarized antennas. The structures of the two linearly polarized antennas can be the same and are respectively located on the two long sides of the "L"-shaped low-frequency antenna region 3112. The two linearly polarized antennas can be horizontally / vertically polarized with orthogonal polarization.

[0086] In some embodiments, the dual-polarized antenna of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 can be fed with a 90° phase difference through two high-frequency feeding branches 3221, and the two linearly polarized antennas of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can be fed with a 90° phase difference through two low-frequency feeding branches 3222. In this way, circularly polarized waves with different rotation directions can be synthesized inside the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3212.

[0087] Exemplarily, the feeding network 322 can further include a first high-frequency feeding terminal 3223, a second high-frequency feeding terminal 3224, a first low-frequency feeding terminal 3225, and a second low-frequency feeding terminal 3226. The first high-frequency feeding terminal 3223 and the second high-frequency feeding terminal 3224 can be electrically connected to the two high-frequency feeding branches 3221 respectively, and can be used to transmit electrical signals with a 90° phase difference to the two high-frequency feeding branches 3221. The first low-frequency feeding terminal 3225 and the second low-frequency feeding terminal 3226 can be electrically connected to the two low-frequency feeding branches 3222 respectively, and can be used to transmit electrical signals with a 90° phase difference to the two low-frequency feeding branches 3222. Exemplarily, the two linearly polarized antennas of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 can be in 0° / 90° phase matching and can synthesize a left-handed circular polarization. The dual-polarized antenna of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 is in 90° / 0° phase matching and can synthesize a right-handed circular polarization.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first substrate 310 can be a rigid board or a flexible board. The first substrate 310 can be a single-layer board or a multi-layer board. The material of the first substrate 310 can be plastic or glass. This application does not specifically limit the type and structure of the first substrate 310.

[0089] In some embodiments, the antenna module 300 can be processed using the PCB process. The antenna module 300 is a PCB board antenna. In this way, the antenna module 300 has the characteristics of high precision and low profile.

[0090] Figure 5 is Figure 2 a layout schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna array 320 shown in. Figure 5In the figure, the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 are schematically distinguished by a filling pattern.

[0091] As Figure 5 shown, multiple antenna sub-arrays 321 are arranged in the first direction to form a first sub-array group, and multiple first sub-array groups are arranged in the second direction. The antenna sub-array 321 may include a high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and a low-frequency antenna unit 3212. The first direction and the second direction are different. Exemplarily, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction may be 90°. For convenience of description, an X-Y coordinate system is established, where the first direction is the X-axis and the second direction is the Y-axis. It can be understood that the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in the X-Y coordinate system are relative reference directions, and the present application does not limit the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. In other embodiments, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction may also be less than 90°. It can be understood that all the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the antenna array 320 may form a high-frequency antenna array, and all the low-frequency antenna units 3212 may form a low-frequency antenna array.

[0092] In the antenna array 320, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the first antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the second antenna sub-array in the second antenna sub-array. The position of the first antenna sub-array in the antenna array 320 is different from the position of the second antenna sub-array in the antenna array 320. It can be understood that "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the antenna sub-arrays 321 at different positions in the antenna array 320. The first antenna sub-array and the second antenna sub-array may be adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 or non-adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321. The phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 refers to that after the electromagnetic wave radiated by the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 leaves the antenna by a certain distance, its equiphase surface will approximate a spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface is the equivalent phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211.

[0093] In some embodiments, the phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 can be measured by a far-field phase pattern test.

[0094] Exemplarily, in Figure 5 the antenna array 320 shown, the antenna sub-array in the first row and the first column may be the first antenna sub-array, and the antenna sub-array in the second row and the second column may be the second antenna sub-array. Among them, the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the first antenna sub-array may be at the lower right corner of the first antenna sub-array, and the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the second antenna sub-array is at the upper right corner of the second antenna sub-array.

[0095] It can be understood that the antenna sub-array 321 is classified and differentiated according to the different positions of the phase center B of the high-frequency antenna element 3211 in the antenna sub-array 321. The antenna array 320 may include at least two categories of antenna sub-arrays 321. The structures of different categories of antenna sub-arrays 321 are the same, but the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in different categories of antenna sub-arrays 321 in the antenna sub-array are different.

[0096] It can be understood that in the antenna array 320, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna element in the first antenna sub-array in the first antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna element in the second antenna sub-array in the second antenna sub-array. The position of the first antenna sub-array in the antenna array 320 is different from the position of the second antenna sub-array in the antenna array 320. The antenna array 320 includes at least two categories of antenna sub-arrays 321, and the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in different categories of antenna sub-arrays 321 in the antenna sub-array are different. In the antenna array 320, by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays 321, that is, by arranging different categories of antenna sub-arrays 321 at different positions in the antenna array 320, the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 can be adjusted. The smaller the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320, the larger the scanning angle of the antenna array 320. In this way, the scanning angle of the antenna array 320 can be adjusted. At the same time, in the antenna array 320, by optimizing the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in the antenna sub-arrays 321 at each position in the array, the non-periodic arrangement of multiple high-frequency antenna elements 3211 can be achieved, so as to optimize the grating side lobes of the high-frequency antenna array, which is beneficial to suppressing the grating lobes of the antenna array 320.

[0097] In some embodiments, the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the antenna array 320 may be the average value of the distances between the phase centers of multiple high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the antenna array 320.

[0098] In some embodiments, the directivity coefficient of the antenna array 320 may be greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient. The target directivity coefficient is determined based on the size of the antenna array 320, the element pattern of the antenna sub-array 321, and the position of the antenna sub-array 321 in the antenna array 320. It can be understood that by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements of the antenna sub-arrays 321 at different positions in the antenna array 320, the directivity coefficient of the antenna array 320 can be made greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient.

[0099] Exemplarily, the calculation formula for the directivity coefficient of the antenna array 320 can be:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Wherein, each symbol represents:

[0104] N: The number of antenna elements

[0105] i: The serial number of the antenna element

[0106] F i : The antenna pattern of the i-th element

[0107] r: The position coordinate of the i-th element

[0108] r scanθ : The scanning phase of the antenna element

[0109] AF: The pattern synthesized by the array

[0110] P max : The maximum value of P

[0111] η 0 : The wave impedance in the air

[0112] D max : The directivity coefficient of the array

[0113] In some embodiments, the grating lobes of the antenna array 320 can be greater than or equal to the target grating lobes. It can be understood that by adjusting the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements at different positions in the antenna sub-array 321 of the antenna array 320 to their positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays 321, the grating lobes of the antenna array 320 can be made to meet the target grating lobes.

[0114] In some embodiments, in the same sub-array group, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna elements in the third antenna sub-array in the third antenna sub-array is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna elements in the fourth antenna sub-array in the fourth antenna sub-array. The position of the third antenna sub-array in the sub-array group is different from the position of the fourth antenna sub-array in the sub-array group. It can be understood that "third" and "fourth" are used to distinguish the antenna sub-arrays 321 at different positions in the same sub-array group. The third antenna sub-array and the fourth antenna sub-array can be adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 or non-adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321.

[0115] It can be understood that at least two types of antenna sub-arrays 321 are provided in a sub-array group, further disrupting the arrangement of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320. Furthermore, there can be more choices for adjusting the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the antenna array 320, which is beneficial to adjusting the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 to the target value.

[0116] In some embodiments, in the same sub-array group, the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in N adjacent and consecutive antenna sub-arrays 321 are at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays 321, where N≥2. In this way, the arrangement of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 is further disrupted. Furthermore, there can be more choices for adjusting the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the antenna array 320, which is beneficial to adjusting the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 to the target value.

[0117] In some embodiments, in the same sub-array group, N adjacent and consecutive antenna sub-arrays 321 form a sub-array unit. In two adjacent sub-array units, the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements in two adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 located in the two sub-array units are at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays 321. In this way, the arrangement of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 is further disrupted. Furthermore, there can be more choices for adjusting the phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the antenna array 320, which is beneficial to adjusting the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 to the target value.

[0118] Figure 6 Yes Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the type of antenna sub-array 321 included in the antenna array 320 shown.

[0119] As Figure 6 shown, the antenna array 320 may include four types of antenna sub-arrays 321. For convenience of distinction, hereinafter, the first type of sub-array 323 (shown in Fig. (a)), the second type of sub-array 324 (shown in Fig. (b)), the third type of sub-array 325 (shown in Fig. (c)), and the fourth type of sub-array 326 (shown in Fig. (d)) are referred to. The first type of sub-array 323 includes a first high-frequency antenna element 3231 and a first low-frequency antenna element 3232. The second type of sub-array 324 includes a second high-frequency antenna element 3241 and a second low-frequency antenna element 3242. The third type of sub-array 325 includes a third high-frequency antenna element 3251 and a third low-frequency antenna element 3252. The fourth type of sub-array 326 includes a fourth high-frequency antenna element 3261 and a fourth low-frequency antenna element 3262.

[0120] It should be noted that the first type, the second type, the third type, and the fourth type are used to distinguish different types of antenna sub-arrays 321. The high-frequency antenna units 3211 in different sub-arrays have the same structure and the same operating frequency band. The low-frequency antenna units 3212 in different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 have the same structure and the same operating frequency band. Exemplarily, the first high-frequency antenna unit 3231, the second high-frequency antenna unit 3241, the third high-frequency antenna unit 3251, and the fourth high-frequency antenna unit 3261 have the same structure and the same operating frequency band. The first low-frequency antenna unit 3232, the second low-frequency antenna unit 3242, the third low-frequency antenna unit 3252, and the fourth low-frequency antenna unit 3262 have the same structure and the same operating frequency band.

[0121] The phase center B1 of the first high-frequency antenna unit 3231 in the first type of sub-array 323 can be at the lower right corner of the first type of sub-array 323. The phase center B2 of the second high-frequency antenna unit 3241 in the second type of sub-array 324 can be at the upper right corner of the second type of sub-array 324. The phase center B3 of the third high-frequency antenna unit 3251 in the third type of sub-array 325 can be at the upper left corner of the third type of sub-array 325. The phase center B4 of the fourth high-frequency antenna unit 3261 in the fourth type of sub-array 326 can be at the lower left corner of the fourth type of sub-array 326.

[0122] In other embodiments, the number of types of antenna sub-arrays 321 included in the antenna array 320 can also be two, three, or more than four, which is not limited in this application.

[0123] In some embodiments, different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 can be obtained by rotating one of the types of antenna sub-arrays 321. Among the multiple antenna sub-arrays 321 included in the antenna array 320, each type of antenna sub-array 321 has a rotation center. The phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 in each type of antenna sub-array 321 is offset from the rotation center A of the antenna sub-array 321, and the azimuths of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 relative to the rotation center are different.

[0124] Exemplarily, the first type of sub-array 323 has a first rotation center A1. The phase center B1 of the first high-frequency antenna unit 3231 can be located at an azimuth that is 45° clockwise from the first rotation center A1 along the positive X-axis direction. The second type of sub-array 324 has a second rotation center A2. The phase center B2 of the second high-frequency antenna unit 3241 can be located at an azimuth that is 45° counterclockwise from the second rotation center A2 along the positive X-axis direction. The third type of sub-array 325 has a third rotation center A3. The phase center B3 of the third high-frequency antenna unit 3251 can be located at an azimuth that is 45° counterclockwise from the third rotation center A3 along the positive Y-axis direction. The fourth type of sub-array 326 has a fourth rotation center A4. The phase center B4 of the fourth high-frequency antenna unit 3261 can be located at an azimuth that is 45° counterclockwise from the fourth rotation center A4 along the negative X-axis direction.

[0125] Each type of antenna sub-array 321 has a specific rotation angle, and the rotation angles of different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 are different. It can be understood that the rotation angle of each antenna sub-array 321 is a relative value. When the antenna array 320 includes multiple types of antenna sub-arrays 321, the rotation angle of the first type of sub-array 323 is 0°. The azimuth of the phase center B1 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 in the first type of sub-array 323 relative to the rotation center of the first type of sub-array 323 is the first azimuth. The azimuth of the phase center B2 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 in the second type of sub-array 324 relative to the rotation center of the second type of sub-array 324 is the second azimuth. The rotation angle of the second type of sub-array 324 is the counterclockwise included angle between the first azimuth and the second azimuth. The azimuth of the phase center B3 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 in the third type of sub-array 325 relative to the rotation center of the third type of sub-array 325 is the third azimuth. The rotation angle of the third type of sub-array 325 is the counterclockwise included angle between the first azimuth and the third azimuth. Other types of sub-arrays are calculated in turn according to this rule.

[0126] Exemplarily, when the antenna array 320 includes four types of antenna sub-arrays 321, the rotation angle of the first type of sub-array 323 is 0°. The rotation angle of the second type of sub-array 324 is 90°. The rotation angle of the third type of sub-array 325 is 180°. The rotation angle of the fourth type of sub-array 326 is 270°.

[0127] Different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 can be converted by rotating a specific angle. Exemplarily, the first type of sub-array 323 can be converted into the second type of sub-array 324 after rotating 90° counterclockwise around the first rotation center A1. The first type of sub-array 323 can be converted into the third type of sub-array 325 after rotating 180° counterclockwise around the first rotation center A1. The first type of sub-array 323 can be converted into the fourth type of sub-array 326 after rotating 270° counterclockwise around the first rotation center A1.

[0128] In some embodiments, the rotation center of the antenna sub-array 321 may coincide with the centroid of the shape of the sub-array region 311.

[0129] In some embodiments, the distance D between the phase center B and the rotation center A of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 satisfies: D≥0.05λ, where λ is the wavelength of the operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211. The larger the distance D1 between the phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the first rotation center A, the smaller the minimum value of the phase center distance between the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in two adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 can be.

[0130] Exemplarily, the distance D1 between the phase center B1 of the first high-frequency antenna unit 3231 and the first rotation center A1 satisfies: D1≥0.05λ. The distance D2 between the phase center B2 of the second high-frequency antenna unit 3241 and the second rotation center A2 satisfies: D2≥0.05λ. The distance D3 between the phase center B1 of the first high-frequency antenna unit 3231 and the third rotation center A3 satisfies: D3≥0.05λ. The distance D4 between the phase center B4 of the fourth high-frequency antenna unit 3261 and the fourth rotation center A4 satisfies: D4≥0.05λ. It should be noted that the first high-frequency antenna unit 3231, the second high-frequency antenna unit 3241, the third high-frequency antenna unit 3251, and the fourth high-frequency antenna unit 3261 have the same structure and the same operating frequency band. The first low-frequency antenna unit 3232, the second low-frequency antenna unit 3242, the third low-frequency antenna unit 3252, and the fourth low-frequency antenna unit 3262 have the same structure and the same operating frequency band. Therefore, D1 = D2 = D3 = D4.

[0131] The number of the first type of sub-arrays 323 included in the antenna array 320 may be one or more. The number of the second type of sub-arrays 324 included in the antenna array 320 may be one or more. The number of the third type of sub-arrays 325 included in the antenna array 320 may be one or more. The number of the fourth type of sub-arrays 326 included in the antenna array 320 may be one or more. Exemplarily, the antenna array 320 includes a plurality of first type of sub-arrays 323, a plurality of second type of sub-arrays 324, a plurality of third type of sub-arrays 325, and a plurality of fourth type of sub-arrays 326. The plurality of first type of sub-arrays 323, the plurality of second type of sub-arrays 324, the plurality of third type of sub-arrays 325, and the plurality of fourth type of sub-arrays 326 included in the antenna array 320 may be randomly arranged in the antenna array 320.

[0132] In some embodiments, the number of high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the antenna array 320 is equal to the number of low-frequency antenna units 3212. In this way, by adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the respective antenna sub-arrays 321 at different positions, the purpose of reducing the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the antenna array 320 can also be achieved, without increasing the number of high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the antenna array 320.

[0133] In some embodiments, the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the antenna array 320 is smaller than the spacing between the antenna sub-arrays 321. Herein, the spacing between the antenna sub-arrays 321 may refer to the distance between the centers of the antenna sub-arrays 321. The smaller the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the entire antenna array 320, the larger the scanning angle of the antenna array 320. By adjusting the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units at different positions in their respective antenna sub-arrays 321, the equivalent phase center spacing of the high-frequency antenna units 3211 in the entire antenna array 320 can be reduced, increasing the scanning angle of the antenna array 320.

[0134] In some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiments of the present application may be a mobile communication device in motion such as airborne or vehicle-mounted, and the antenna module 300 may be used for communication of the electronic device 1000 in an air-ground integrated communication link. The air-ground integrated communication link is composed of an inter-satellite link formed by satellite networking, a user link composed of on-satellite payloads and ground terminals, and a feeding link and a measurement and control link composed of on-satellite payloads and measurement and control stations and gateway stations. The communication between the electronic device 1000 and the satellite is affected by the number of satellites and the scanning angle of the antenna module 300. The larger the scanning angle range of the antenna module 300, the fewer the number of satellites required during the communication process. The antenna array 320 of the present application can be designed according to the scanning angle requirements. In some embodiments, the scanning angle of the antenna array 320 may be greater than 70°. In some communication scenarios with fewer satellites, the wireless communication performance of the electronic device 1000 is still relatively reliable.

[0135] A method for selecting the antenna array 320 in an embodiment will be introduced in detail below.

[0136] The method for selecting the antenna array 320 may include:

[0137] Step 1: Given the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units of each antenna sub-array in a random antenna array in their respective antenna sub-arrays.

[0138] Step 2: Calculate the target directivity coefficient and target grating lobes of the antenna array 320.

[0139] Among them, the target directivity coefficient of the antenna sub-array 321 can be obtained through array synthesis calculation. Select the category and formula of array synthesis calculation according to the form of the antenna array 320.

[0140] Exemplarily, the directivity coefficient of the antenna array 320 can be obtained according to the size of the antenna array 320, the element pattern of the antenna sub-array 321, and the position of the antenna sub-array 321 in the antenna array 320.

[0141] Step 3: Calculate the directivity coefficient and grating lobes of the random antenna array.

[0142] Step 4: Determine whether one or more of the following conditions are satisfied:

[0143] The directivity coefficient of the random antenna array is greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient, and the grating lobes of the random antenna array are greater than or equal to the target grating lobes.

[0144] Step 5: If the requirements are met, determine the random given antenna array as the target antenna array. Output the positions of the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements of each antenna sub-array in the random antenna array in their respective antenna sub-arrays 321; if the requirements are not met, repeat Steps 1, 3, and 4. Until the random antenna array described in Step 1 meets the one or more conditions.

[0145] When the requirements are not met and Step 1 is repeated, an optimization algorithm can be used to optimize the random antenna array. Update the rotational angle arrangement of each antenna sub-array 321 in the random antenna array according to the optimization algorithm, and calculate the directivity coefficient and grating lobes of the updated random antenna array again and compare them with the target directivity coefficient and target grating lobes for judgment. Exemplarily, the optimization algorithm can be a genetic algorithm or a particle swarm algorithm, etc.

[0146] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device. The electronic device may include one or more processors and one or more memories; wherein, the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used to store computer program code, and the computer program code includes computer instructions. When the one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the method of selecting an antenna array as described above is executed.

[0147] Figure 7 It is a parameter curve graph of an implementation manner of the antenna array 320 provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0148] As Figure 7 shown, the operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna element 3211 can be the Ka band. The operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna element 3212 can be the K band.

[0149] Figure 8It is the high-frequency radiation pattern of an implementation manner of the antenna array 320 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 It is the low-frequency radiation pattern of an implementation manner of the antenna array 320 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0150] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the antenna array 320 can perform circular polarization phase compensation in cooperation with the unit spin direction. The array of low-frequency antenna elements 3212 performs left-handed circular polarization phase compensation, and the array of high-frequency antenna elements 3211 performs right-handed circular polarization phase compensation.

[0151] In some implementation manners, the antenna array 320 can be a common-aperture antenna that simultaneously has the functions of transmitting and receiving signals. Some antenna sub-arrays 321 in the antenna array 320 can be used for transmitting signals, and some antenna sub-arrays 321 can be used for receiving signals. It can be understood that compared with the solution in which the antenna sub-arrays 321 for receiving signals and the antenna sub-arrays 321 for transmitting signals are separately arranged, the common-aperture antenna that simultaneously has the functions of transmitting and receiving signals can reduce the volume of the antenna array 320 while ensuring signal transmission, which is beneficial to the light weight and miniaturization of the antenna module 300.

[0152] Figure 10 It is the high-frequency scanning performance diagram of an implementation manner of the antenna array 320 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 11 It is the low-frequency scanning performance diagram of an implementation manner of the antenna array 320 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0153] In some implementation manners, the antenna array 320 can be composed of 44×44 antenna sub-arrays 321 with an element spacing of 7.12 mm. The antenna array 320 can include four types of antenna sub-arrays 321 as shown in Figure 6 . The sparse rate of the antenna array 320 can be 25%. The high-frequency antenna array is sparsely arranged. The number of high-frequency and low-frequency antennas is 1:1. The low-frequency antenna array can be a regular array, that is, the spacing between adjacent low-frequency antenna elements 3212 remains unchanged, and the element spacing is about 7.12 mm. The minimum element spacing of the high-frequency antenna array is about 3.56 mm. After the antenna array 320 is designed and optimized, the high-frequency antenna array is sparsely and optimally arranged, and the side lobe suppression effect can be achieved. The antenna array 320 can finally have the scanning performance as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 . Among them, the low-frequency antenna array can have a conical scanning ability of ±70° (as shown in Figure 10 ). The high-frequency antenna array can have a conical scanning ability of ±70° (as shown in Figure 11As shown). The spacing between the low-frequency antenna elements 3212 refers to the distance between the phase centers of the low-frequency antenna elements 3212. The element spacing of the high-frequency antenna array refers to the distance between the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna elements 3211 in the antenna array 320.

[0154] Among them, the spacing of the antenna subarray 321 can be adjusted according to the scanning angle requirements and optimization design, and this application does not make any restrictions.

[0155] Figure 12 is Figure 2 a schematic layout diagram of another embodiment of the antenna array 320 shown in Figure 13 is Figure 2 a schematic layout diagram of another embodiment of the antenna array 320 shown in Figure 14 is Figure 2 a schematic layout diagram of yet another embodiment of the antenna array 320 shown in Figure 15 is Figure 2 a schematic layout diagram of yet another embodiment of the antenna array 320 shown in Figures 12 to 15 Only some of the antenna subarrays 321 included in the antenna array 320 are schematically shown. Figures 12 to 15 In

[0156] As Figures 12 to 15 shown, the overall contour of the antenna subarray 321 can also be hexagonal (as Figure 12 shown), rectangular (as Figure 13 shown), circular (as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown), etc. In other embodiments, the overall contour of the antenna subarray 321 can also be an irregular shape. The overall contour shape of the antenna subarray 321 can be set according to requirements, and this application does not make any restrictions.

[0157] Among them, the overall contour of the high-frequency antenna element 3211 can also be rectangular (as Figure 13 shown) or an irregular quadrilateral (as Figure 12 shown), or circular (as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown), or other irregular shapes. The overall contour of the low-frequency antenna element 3212 can be "L"-shaped (as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown), annular or other irregular shapes. The overall contours of the high-frequency antenna element 3211 and the low-frequency antenna element 3212 can be set according to requirements, and this application does not make any restrictions.

[0158] The rotation angles of different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 can be selected within the range of 0° to 360° according to actual requirements, and the rotation angles of different types of antenna sub-arrays 321 are different. At the same time, the number of types of antenna sub-arrays 321 can also be set according to requirements. This application does not make any restrictions. For example, the antenna array 320 can include four antenna sub-arrays 321, namely the first sub-array, the second sub-array, the third sub-array, and the fourth sub-array. Among them, the rotation angle of the first sub-array is 0°, the rotation angle of the second sub-array is 100°, the rotation angle of the third sub-array is 188°, and the rotation angle of the fourth sub-array is 280°.

[0159] The array arrangement of multiple antenna sub-arrays 321 in the antenna array 320 can also be designed according to requirements, and this application does not make any restrictions. In some embodiments, the array arrangement can be adjusted by the angle between the first direction and the second direction of the array arrangement. For example, the angle between the first direction and the second direction can be 25°, 60°, 90°, 120°, etc.

[0160] In some embodiments, the overall contour of the antenna sub-array 321 is a regular shape, and at the same time, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is selected according to the overall contour of the antenna sub-array 321, which can reduce the gap between adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321. When the number of arranged pairs of antenna sub-arrays 321 is the same, it makes the area of the antenna array 320 smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna array 320. For example, compared with the scheme where the overall contour of the antenna sub-array 321 can be hexagonal and the angle between the first direction and the second direction is 90°, Figure 12 As shown, the overall contour of the antenna sub-array 321 can be hexagonal, the angle between the first direction and the second direction is 60°, and the gap between adjacent antenna sub-arrays 321 is smaller. It can be understood that selecting appropriate first and second directions is beneficial to the compact arrangement of the antenna sub-arrays 321 and reduces the area of the antenna array 320.

[0161] In other embodiments, there can be multiple high-frequency antenna units 3211 in one antenna sub-array 321, and the multiple high-frequency antenna units 3211 are arranged at intervals.

[0162] Figure 16 is Figure 2 Another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown in the cross-section along the section line A - A.

[0163] As Figure 16 shown, the antenna array 320 can be a directly-fed antenna. The high-frequency feeding branch 3221 can directly feed the main unit 3213 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211, and the low-frequency feeding branch 3222 can directly feed the main unit 3215 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212.

[0164] In some embodiments, the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 may also be disposed at different heights. Exemplarily, the main body unit 3213 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the main body unit 3215 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 may also be disposed at different heights. The parasitic unit 3214 of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the parasitic unit 3216 of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 may also be disposed at different heights.

[0165] In other embodiments, the antenna array 320 may also be a single-layer patch antenna.

[0166] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the antenna arrangement methods included in the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 and the low-frequency antenna unit 3212.

[0167] In some embodiments, in the antenna subarray 321, the projection of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 on the reference plane and the projection of the low-frequency antenna unit 3212 on the reference plane are staggered. The first direction is parallel to the reference plane, and the second direction is parallel to the reference plane.

[0168] In some embodiments, the number of high-frequency antenna units 3211 included in one antenna subarray 321 may also be multiple. For example, one antenna subarray 321 includes two high-frequency antenna units 3211 and one low-frequency antenna unit 3212. The two high-frequency antenna units 3211 are arranged at intervals. When the phase center B of the high-frequency antenna unit 3211 of the antenna subarray 321 is staggered from the rotation center A of the antenna subarray 321, at least one of the phase centers B of the two high-frequency antenna units 3211 is staggered from the rotation center A of the antenna subarray 321.

[0169] It can be understood that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. Any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of the present application. That is to say, the above-described multiple embodiments may also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0170] It can be understood that all the above drawings are exemplary illustrations of the present application and do not represent the actual size of the product. And the dimensional proportional relationship between the components in the drawings is not used as a limitation on the actual product of the present application.

[0171] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna array, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of antenna subarrays, wherein the antenna subarrays include a high-frequency antenna unit and a low-frequency antenna unit, the plurality of antenna subarrays are arranged along a first direction to form a subarray group, and the plurality of subarray groups are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different; In the antenna array, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the first antenna subarray in the first antenna subarray is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the second antenna subarray in the second antenna subarray; The position of the first antenna subarray in the antenna array is different from the position of the second antenna subarray in the antenna array.

2. The antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the same subarray group, the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the third antenna subarray in the third antenna subarray is different from the position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit in the fourth antenna subarray in the fourth antenna subarray; The position of the third antenna subarray in the subarray group is different from the position of the fourth antenna subarray in the subarray group.

3. The antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the same sub-array group, the phase centers of the high-frequency antenna units in N adjacent and continuous antenna sub-arrays are located at different positions in the respective antenna sub-arrays, where N≥2.

4. The antenna array according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the same subarray group, N adjacent and continuous antenna subarrays constitute a subarray unit. In two adjacent subarray units, phase centers of high-frequency antenna units in two adjacent antenna subarrays respectively located in the two subarray units are at different positions in the respective antenna subarrays.

5. The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The antenna subarray is square, rectangular, hexagonal or circular; and / or The high-frequency antenna unit is square, triangular, trapezoidal or circular; and / or The low-frequency antenna unit is "L"-shaped, square, triangular, trapezoidal or circular.

6. The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The included angle between the first direction and the second direction is 90°.

7. The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The number of the high-frequency antenna units and the number of the low-frequency antenna units in the antenna array are equal.

8. The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In the antenna array, the equivalent phase center spacing between the high-frequency antenna units is smaller than the spacing between the antenna sub-arrays.

9. The antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The directivity coefficient of the antenna array is greater than or equal to a target directivity coefficient, and the target directivity coefficient is determined based on the size of the antenna array, the element pattern of the antenna subarray, and the position of the antenna subarray in the antenna array; and / or The grating lobe of the antenna array is greater than or equal to the target grating lobe.

10. A method for selecting an antenna array, characterized in that: include: Step 1: The position of the phase center of the high-frequency antenna unit of each antenna subarray in a given random antenna array in each of the antenna subarrays; Step 2: Calculate the directivity coefficient and grating lobe of the random antenna array; Step 3: Determine whether one or more of the following conditions are met: The directivity coefficient of the random antenna array is greater than or equal to the target directivity coefficient, and the grating lobe of the random antenna array is greater than or equal to the target grating lobe; The target directivity coefficient is determined based on the size of the random antenna array, the element pattern of the random antenna array, and the position of the antenna subarray in the antenna array; Step 4: If satisfied, the random antenna array is determined as the target antenna array.

11. The method for selecting an antenna array according to claim 10, characterized in that: Also includes: If one or more of the conditions are not met, steps one to three are repeated until the random antenna array in step one meets the one or more conditions.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna array as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises one or more processors and one or more memories; wherein, the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, and the one or more memories are used to store computer program codes, and the computer program codes include computer instructions, and when the one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the method as described in any one of claims 10 or 11 is executed.

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