Dry distillation furnace group capable of supplying gas in multiple layers and gas supply method of dry distillation furnace group

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of internal heating type dry distillation of low-order seed coal, in particular to a dry distillation furnace group capable of supplying gas in multiple layers and a working method of the dry distillation furnace group. The dry distillation furnace group is composed of a plurality of parallel double rows of dry distillation furnaces, two dry distillation furnaces in the same row adopt one-side multi-layer gas supply, a dry distillation area is provided with a plurality of gas distribution tracery walls, the gas distribution tracery walls are transversely divided into a plurality of gas supply areas along the dry distillation furnaces, a plurality of gas supply channels are arranged in the gas distribution tracery walls along the height direction, and the gas supply channels and the gas supply areas are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in other words, each gas supply area supplies gas independently; through a multi-layer gas distribution mode, the uniformity of transverse gas supply along the gas retort is ensured, the transverse size of the gas retort group can be multiplied, and the production capacity of the gas retort group is effectively improved on the premise of the same longitudinal size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of internal heating dry distillation of low-rank seed coal, and in particular to a dry distillation furnace group with multi-layer gas supply and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In my country's energy structure, coal, as an important fossil energy source, has always occupied a very important position. Low-rank coal reserves are abundant, and the efficient and clean utilization of low-rank coal is of great significance to ensuring energy supply and promoting the sustainable development of various industries. Low-rank coal has the characteristics of high moisture, high volatile matter, low calorific value, and easy spontaneous combustion. Direct combustion is not only inefficient, but also causes environmental pollution and other problems. Therefore, its development and utilization face certain challenges. However, with the advancement of technology and changes in energy demand, the development and application of low-rank coal has gradually received attention. At present, there are many technologies for the utilization of low-rank coal. For example, low-rank coal can be improved through pyrolysis quality improvement technology to improve its utilization value.

[0003] Low-rank coal distillation is heating under air-tight conditions to thermally decompose the coal and generate products such as semi-coke, coal tar and coal gas. Low-rank coal pyrolysis can be divided into three types according to different heating methods: internal heating, external heating and internal and external heating combined. The main characteristics of the internal heating distillation furnace are that the heat carrier is in direct contact with the distillation raw materials and products, and the heat carrier directly transfers heat to the coal material, with low heat consumption and high thermal efficiency; the coal material is heated evenly at different stages of distillation, eliminating the overheating of some material blocks; the internal heating distillation furnace is equipped with a combustion chamber or fire channel for heating, which simplifies the distillation furnace structure and does not have complex heating and regulating equipment. The disadvantage is that the distillation gas is diluted by the heat carrier, which increases the condensation equipment. It is generally only suitable for non-adhesive and weakly adhesive coals, and is not suitable for coals with higher adhesion.

[0004] The internal heating retort furnace can be divided into three functional sections according to the movement process of the coal, namely the drying section, the retort section and the cooling section. The screened coal before entering the furnace enters the furnace from the top of the retort furnace and moves from top to bottom, contacting the high-temperature gas supplied from the combustion chamber in countercurrent; the coal is heated to about 400℃ in the drying section, and then enters the middle retort section to be heated to about 700℃ to generate semi-coke, and the semi-coke enters the cooling section to recover part of the heat. The cooled semi-coke enters the coke discharge box and is continuously scraped out by the coke scraper at the bottom of the furnace to obtain the semi-coke product.

[0005] The existing internal heating type retort furnace group generally adopts a single row combination of multiple retort furnaces in the same direction, and the coal gas is supplied from the lateral sides of each retort furnace. Due to the constraints of the size of the gas supply channel and the uniformity of the lateral gas supply distribution, the lateral size of the internal heating type retort furnace group cannot be further increased. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group and a gas supply method thereof. The retort furnace group is composed of a plurality of retort furnaces arranged in parallel in double rows. Two retort furnaces in the same row both adopt a multi-layer gas supply method on one side. A gas distribution flower wall divides the retort furnace into a plurality of gas supply areas in the horizontal direction. Each gas supply area is supplied with gas separately. The multi-layer gas distribution method is used to ensure the uniformity of gas supply in the horizontal direction of the retort furnace, so that the horizontal size of the retort furnace group can be increased exponentially. Under the premise of the same vertical size, the production capacity of the retort furnace group is effectively improved.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group, the retort furnace group is composed of a plurality of retort furnaces arranged in parallel in double rows, the retort furnace group is arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction and in columns in the transverse direction, each row includes a plurality of retort furnaces, each column includes two retort furnaces, and the two retort furnaces in the same column both adopt multi-layer gas supply on one side; specifically, each retort furnace is composed of a retort furnace body, a waste heat recovery device and a coke removal device from top to bottom, wherein the interior of the retort furnace body is composed of a furnace top area, a drying area and a retort area from top to bottom, the retort area is provided with a plurality of gas distribution flower walls along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, a gas supply channel is arranged in the gas distribution flower wall, and a plurality of gas supply channel outlets are arranged on the gas distribution flower wall; the gas distribution flower wall is divided into a plurality of gas supply areas in the transverse direction of the retort furnace, a plurality of gas supply channels are arranged in the gas distribution flower wall along the height direction, and the gas supply channels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the gas supply areas; one end of the gas supply channel extends to the outside of the retort furnace to connect with a mixed gas pipeline, and the mixed gas pipeline is further connected with a coal gas pipeline and an air / oxygen-enriched gas pipeline through a mixer.

[0009] Along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, the gas distribution flower walls near the two ends of each retort furnace are an integrated structure with the retort furnace wall, and the corresponding gas distribution flower walls are provided with multiple gas supply channel outlets on the side facing the inside of the furnace body; multiple gas supply channel outlets are respectively provided on both sides of the gas distribution flower walls located in the middle of the retort furnace.

[0010] The number of air supply channels and air supply areas corresponding to each air distribution flower wall shall be at least 2.

[0011] Along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, each retort furnace is separated by a longitudinal partition wall, and the outer furnace walls of the retort furnaces located at both ends of the retort furnace group are end walls; along the transverse direction of the retort furnace group, two retort furnaces are separated by a transverse partition wall, and the outer furnace walls of the retort furnaces located at both sides of the retort furnace group are side walls.

[0012] The gas distribution flower wall is provided with at least one temperature measuring hole in the retorting zone corresponding to each gas supply area, and the drying zone is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring holes in the drying zone.

[0013] The furnace top area is provided with an air guide umbrella; the air guide umbrella is a grid structure composed of a plurality of parallel transverse air guide umbrellas and a plurality of parallel longitudinal air guide umbrellas; both the transverse air guide umbrella and the longitudinal air guide umbrella are V-shaped structures opening downward, and the air guide umbrella is connected to the furnace top gas collecting outlet.

[0014] A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group also includes a coal loading device arranged on the top of the retort furnace; the coal loading device consists of a coal conveying device and a coal bunker, and a plug-in control valve is arranged between the bottom discharge port of the coal bunker and the top feed port of the retort furnace.

[0015] Along the mixed gas conveying direction, the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the gas supply channels decrease successively.

[0016] A gas supply method for a multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group, wherein two retort furnaces in the same row of the retort furnace group both adopt a multi-layer gas supply method on one side; gas is supplied to a plurality of gas supply areas divided laterally along the retort furnace through a multi-layer gas supply channel arranged in a high direction in a gas distribution flower wall; according to the temperature of the retort zone measured at a temperature measuring hole of each retort zone, the mixed gas flow of coal gas and air / oxygen-enriched gas supplied to each gas supply area is adjusted to ensure heating uniformity laterally along the retort furnace group.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) The retort furnace group is composed of multiple retort furnaces arranged in parallel in double rows. The two retort furnaces in the same row both adopt a multi-layer gas supply method on one side. The gas distribution wall is divided into multiple gas supply areas along the horizontal direction of the retort furnace, and each gas supply area is supplied with gas separately. The uniformity of gas supply along the horizontal direction of the retort furnace is ensured by the multi-layer gas distribution method;

[0019] 2) Two retort furnaces are arranged horizontally in the retort furnace group, so that the horizontal dimension of the retort furnace group can be doubled, and the production capacity of the retort furnace group is effectively improved under the premise of the same vertical dimension;

[0020] 3) In the retorting furnace, the mixed gas flow enters the coal seam through the outlet of the gas supply channel. The resistance of the gas flow in the gas supply channel is small, but the resistance increases after entering the coal seam through the outlet of the gas supply channel, resulting in most of the dynamic pressure head loss. At this time, the total pressure head depends on the static pressure head, and the static pressure head gradually increases along the mixed gas conveying direction (such as Figure 6 As shown), the present invention is therefore designed such that the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the gas supply channels decrease successively along the mixed gas conveying direction (along the process), that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlets of the gas supply channels close to the mixed gas inlet is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlets of the gas supply channels far from the mixed gas inlet, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the gas supply to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal sectional view (partial) of a multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a transverse cross-sectional view of a multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the retort furnaces in a retort furnace group with multi-layer gas supply described in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 AA section view in.

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 BB section view in.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a relationship diagram between the total pressure head of the air supply flow and the dynamic pressure head and static pressure head in the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 11. Coal bunker 12. Gate control valve 13. Furnace top gas collection outlet 14. Air guide umbrella 15. Furnace top area 21. Drying area 22. Retort area 23. End retort furnace 24. Middle retort furnace 31. Gas distribution wall 32. First gas supply channel 33. Second gas supply channel 41. End wall 42. Longitudinal partition wall 43. Waste heat recovery device 44. Coke removal device 51. First gas supply channel outlet 52. Second gas supply channel outlet DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the retort furnace group with multi-layer gas supply of the present invention is composed of a plurality of retort furnaces arranged in double rows in parallel. The retort furnace group is arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction and columns in the transverse direction. Each row includes a plurality of retort furnaces, and each column includes two retort furnaces. The two retort furnaces in the same column both adopt multi-layer gas supply on one side (such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown); specifically, each retort is composed of a retort body, a waste heat recovery device 43 and a coke removal device 44 from top to bottom, wherein the interior of the retort body is composed of a furnace top area 15, a drying area 21 and a retort area 22 from top to bottom, and the retort area 22 is provided with a plurality of gas distribution flower walls 31 along the longitudinal direction of the retort group, and a gas supply channel is provided in the gas distribution flower wall 31, and a plurality of gas supply channel outlets are provided on the gas distribution flower wall 31; the gas distribution flower wall 31 is divided into a plurality of gas supply areas along the transverse direction of the retort, and a plurality of gas supply channels are provided in the gas distribution flower wall 31 along the height direction, and the gas supply channels and the gas supply areas are arranged one by one; one end of the gas supply channel extends to the outside of the retort to connect to a mixed gas pipeline, and the mixed gas pipeline is also connected to a gas pipeline and an air / oxygen-enriched gas pipeline through a mixer.

[0030] Along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, the gas distribution flower walls 31 near the two ends of each retort furnace are an integrated structure with the retort furnace wall, and the corresponding gas distribution flower walls 31 are provided with multiple gas supply channel outlets on the side facing the inside of the furnace body; multiple gas supply channel outlets are respectively provided on both sides of the gas distribution flower wall 31 located in the middle of the retort furnace.

[0031] The number of air supply channels and air supply areas corresponding to each air distribution flower wall 31 is at least 2.

[0032] Along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, each retort furnace is separated by a longitudinal partition wall 42, and the outer furnace walls of the retort furnaces located at both ends of the retort furnace group are end walls 41; along the transverse direction of the retort furnace group, two retort furnaces are separated by a transverse partition wall, and the outer furnace walls of the retort furnaces located at both sides of the retort furnace group are side walls.

[0033] The gas distribution wall 31 is provided with at least one temperature measuring hole in the dry distillation zone corresponding to each gas supply area, and the drying zone is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring holes in the drying zone.

[0034] The furnace top area 15 is provided with an air guide umbrella 14 ; the air guide umbrella 14 is a grid structure composed of a plurality of parallel transverse air guide umbrellas and a plurality of parallel longitudinal air guide umbrellas; both the transverse air guide umbrella and the longitudinal air guide umbrella are V-shaped structures opening downward, and the air guide umbrella 14 is connected to the furnace top gas collecting outlet 13 .

[0035] The multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group described in the present invention also includes a coal loading device arranged on the top of the retort furnace; the coal loading device is composed of a coal conveying device and a coal bunker 11, and a plug-in control valve 12 is arranged between the bottom discharge port of the coal bunker 11 and the top feed port of the retort furnace.

[0036] Along the mixed gas conveying direction, the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the gas supply channels decrease successively.

[0037] The present invention discloses a gas supply method for a retort group with multi-layer gas supply, wherein two retorts in the same row of the retort group both adopt a multi-layer gas supply method on one side; gas is supplied to a plurality of gas supply areas which are laterally divided along the retort through a multi-layer gas supply channel arranged in the height direction in a gas distribution flower wall 31; and the mixed gas flow rate of coal gas and air / oxygen-enriched gas supplied to each gas supply area is adjusted according to the temperature of the retort area measured at the temperature measuring holes of each retort area, so as to ensure the heating uniformity along the transverse direction of the retort group.

[0038] The present invention provides a multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group, which increases the lateral size of a single retort furnace group by distributing gas in multiple layers on both sides, thereby improving the production capacity of a single furnace.

[0039] The multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group of the present invention is composed of a plurality of retort furnaces arranged in double rows in parallel. Figure 3 Taking the retort furnace group shown as an example, there are 2 rows (4 in each row) and 4 columns of retort furnaces, i.e., 8 retort furnaces. The 4 retort furnaces at both ends of the retort furnace group are end retort furnaces 23, and the 4 retort furnaces in the middle of the retort furnace group are middle retort furnaces 24.

[0040] Each retort furnace includes, from top to bottom, a coal bunker 11, a retort furnace body (composed of a furnace top area 15, a drying area 21 and a retort area 22), a waste heat recovery device 43 and a coke removal device 44; the retort area 22 is provided with a gas distribution wall 31, and the gas distribution wall 31 is provided with multiple layers of gas supply channels, corresponding to multiple gas supply areas one by one; Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, each retort is provided with 5 gas distribution flower walls 31, wherein the 2 gas distribution flower walls 31 near the two ends of the retort are respectively integrated with the end wall or the longitudinal partition wall, and only one side is provided with a gas supply channel outlet. The 3 gas distribution flower walls 31 located in the middle of the retort are arranged at intervals, and both sides are provided with gas supply channel outlets.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, two layers of gas supply channels are arranged in the gas distribution wall 31 of the retort furnace, namely the first gas supply channel 32 of the upper layer and the second gas supply channel 33 of the lower layer. The two layers of gas supply channels are respectively supplied with a mixed gas of coal gas and air or oxygen-enriched air. The gas distribution wall 31 is divided into two gas supply areas, and the two gas supply areas are respectively connected to the corresponding first gas supply channel 32 and the second gas supply channel 33. The first gas supply channel outlet 51 and the second gas supply channel outlet 52 are correspondingly arranged in the two gas supply areas, and along the mixed gas conveying direction, the cross-sectional areas of the first gas supply channel outlet 51 and the second gas supply channel outlet 52 gradually decrease.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group, characterized in that: The retort furnace group is composed of a plurality of retort furnaces arranged in parallel in double rows, the retort furnace group is arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction and in columns in the transverse direction, each row includes a plurality of retort furnaces, each column includes two retort furnaces, and the two retort furnaces in the same column both adopt multi-layer gas supply on one side; specifically, each retort furnace is composed of a retort furnace body, a waste heat recovery device and a coke removal device from top to bottom, wherein the interior of the retort furnace body is composed of a furnace top area, a drying area and a retort area from top to bottom, and the retort area is provided with a plurality of gas distribution flower walls along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, and a gas supply channel is arranged in the gas distribution flower wall, and a plurality of gas supply channel outlets are arranged on the gas distribution flower wall; the gas distribution flower wall is divided into a plurality of gas supply areas in the transverse direction of the retort furnace, and a plurality of gas supply channels are arranged in the gas distribution flower wall along the height direction, and the gas supply channels are arranged one by one with the gas supply areas; one end of the gas supply channel extends to the outside of the retort furnace to connect with a mixed gas pipeline, and the mixed gas pipeline is also connected with a coal gas pipeline and an air / oxygen-enriched gas pipeline through a mixer.

2. A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, the gas distribution flower walls near the two ends of each retort furnace are an integrated structure with the retort furnace wall, and the corresponding gas distribution flower walls are provided with multiple gas supply channel outlets on the side facing the inside of the furnace body; multiple gas supply channel outlets are respectively provided on both sides of the gas distribution flower walls located in the middle of the retort furnace.

3. A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of air supply channels and air supply areas corresponding to each air distribution flower wall shall be at least 2.

4. A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the longitudinal direction of the retort furnace group, each retort furnace is separated by a longitudinal partition wall, and the outer furnace walls of the retort furnaces located at both ends of the retort furnace group are end walls; along the transverse direction of the retort furnace group, two retort furnaces are separated by a transverse partition wall, and the outer furnace walls of the retort furnaces located at both sides of the retort furnace group are side walls.

5. The multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas distribution flower wall is provided with at least one temperature measuring hole in the retorting zone corresponding to each gas supply area, and the drying zone is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring holes in the drying zone.

6. A multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace top area is provided with an air guide umbrella; the air guide umbrella is a grid structure composed of a plurality of parallel transverse air guide umbrellas and a plurality of parallel longitudinal air guide umbrellas; both the transverse air guide umbrella and the longitudinal air guide umbrella are V-shaped structures opening downward, and the air guide umbrella is connected to the furnace top gas collecting outlet.

7. The multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a coal loading device arranged on the top of the retort furnace; the coal loading device is composed of a coal conveying device and a coal bunker, and a plug-in control valve is arranged between the bottom discharge port of the coal bunker and the top feed port of the retort furnace.

8. The multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the mixed gas conveying direction, the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the gas supply channels decrease successively.

9. A gas supply method for a multi-layer gas supply retort furnace group as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The two retorts in the same row of the retort group both adopt a multi-layer gas supply method on one side; gas is supplied to multiple gas supply areas divided horizontally along the retort through multi-layer gas supply channels arranged along the height direction in the gas distribution flower wall; according to the retort zone temperature measured at the temperature measuring holes of each retort zone, the mixed gas flow rate of coal gas and air / oxygen-enriched gas supplied to each gas supply area is adjusted to ensure the heating uniformity along the horizontal direction of the retort group.

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