Shallow water area slideway cross beam mounting and measuring device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a shallow water area slideway cross beam mounting and measuring device and a construction method thereof. At least one vertical rod is arranged on a track of a cross beam, the vertical rod is horizontally arranged, the lower end of the vertical rod is arranged on a base, the base is clamped on the track of the cross beam, a GPS positioner is further arranged at the upper end of the vertical rod, and a prism is arranged on the GPS positioner. Compared with a traditional inverted drooping frame, the inverted drooping frame is lighter in structural design and can be conveniently installed on the cross beam without the help of hoisting equipment, the installation convenience and speed are greatly improved, and then the construction efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water transport engineering construction, in particular to a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In today's era, my country's shipbuilding technology is in a stage of vigorous development. As an important ship launching facility, the slideway occupies an indispensable position in the shipbuilding industry. Its appearance has greatly changed the traditional mode of ship launching, so that after the ship is built, it can slide smoothly from the slideway into the water with the help of gravity and the traction of the winch, thus avoiding the high cost and complex procedures required for building a dock, and significantly improving the efficiency and economic benefits of shipbuilding.

[0003] During the construction of the slide, measurement and positioning work is a key link to ensure the installation accuracy and quality of the slide. For the above-water part, the axis measurement and positioning method has been relatively mature and widely used after long-term practice and development. This method can better meet the accuracy requirements of the above-water part construction by establishing an accurate axis coordinate system and using measuring instruments to measure and locate the key points of the above-water structure.

[0004] However, the positioning of the underwater part is more complicated. Although the traditional inverted frame positioning method can achieve the positioning of underwater structures to a certain extent, it faces many severe challenges when facing the cross beam where the slope surface intersects the water surface. Due to the special position relationship of this type of cross beam with its top above the water surface and its bottom below the water surface, the use of traditional inverted frames has obvious defects when performing bottom measurement and control.

[0005] First of all, from the perspective of operational convenience, the installation and commissioning of the inverted frame requires a lot of manpower and time. Its structure is relatively complex, requiring professionals to perform delicate operations, and in an underwater environment, the difficulty of operation is further increased, which undoubtedly increases the complexity and difficulty of construction.

[0006] Secondly, in terms of efficiency, since the operation of the inverted frame is cumbersome, each measurement and adjustment requires multiple steps, and is affected by factors such as water flow and water pressure during underwater operations, resulting in a long measurement and adjustment cycle, which seriously affects the progress of the entire slide construction.

[0007] In summary, in the installation and measurement of the cross-beam of the slide in shallow water areas, the traditional positioning method is difficult to meet the actual construction needs. There is an urgent need for a new, efficient and easy-to-operate installation and measurement device and its construction method to solve these problems, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the slide construction and the reliability of the project quality. Summary of the invention

[0008] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device and a construction method thereof, which solves the problem of cumbersome operation and low construction efficiency of using an inverted frame in shallow water areas.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a shallow water slide cross beam installation and measurement device, at least one vertical pole is provided on the track of the cross beam, the vertical pole is horizontally arranged, the lower end of the vertical pole is arranged on the base, the base is clamped on the track of the cross beam, and a GPS locator is also provided on the upper end of the vertical pole, and a prism is provided on the GPS locator.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the base includes an upper top plate, the lower end of the vertical rod is rotatably connected to the upper top plate, the lower part of the upper top plate is connected to the lower bottom plate through a leveling device, and the lower bottom plate is provided with a clamping plate, which forms a trough body clamped on the track.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of first adjusting screws are provided at the lower end of the upper top plate, a plurality of second adjusting nuts are provided at the lower bottom plate, the first adjusting screws and the second adjusting nuts are arranged correspondingly, and the first adjusting screws and the second adjusting nuts are connected via the adjusting nuts.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first nuts are provided on one side of the clamping plate, and the first nuts pass through the clamping plate and abut against the side surface of the track, so that the trough body below the entire lower base plate is fixed on the track.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, a positioning plate is provided on one side of the base, and the positioning plate is a right-angle structure. One end of the positioning plate is connected to the base, and the other end of the vertical rod is positioned against the end of the cross beam.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the positioning plate is fixed to the lower base plate by a plurality of second nuts.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, a positioning surface is further provided at the corner of the positioning plate, and the positioning surface abuts against the upper surface of the cross beam. In the preferred embodiment, a scale is provided on the vertical rod, and a plurality of bubble meters are also provided on the upper end of the vertical rod.

[0016] In the preferred solution, S1, the track installation base of the cross beam to be installed, the inner side surface of the vertical rod of the positioning plate on one side of the base is against the distance position of the end surface of the positioning plate to the vertical rod for positioning; S2. Use a square to measure the verticality of the vertical pole and the lower bottom plate of the base, and then adjust the position of the vertical pole according to the positioning plate. After the position is adjusted, the first nut under the base abuts against the track to fix the entire base on the track; S3. Vertical poles and bases are installed on the tracks on both sides of the cross beam and positioned by positioning plates; S4. Use drones to scan and model the area where the zigzag beams are to be constructed, and obtain a 3D construction drawing of the construction area. The data of the zigzag beams installed measured by the total station is combined with the 3D construction drawing to form drawings of the installation positions of each zigzag beam. Later, the hanging point position of the zigzag beam is located according to the drawings of the installation position; S5. The lifting device needs to lift the cross beam to the pre-approved installation position. The GPS locator displays the position of the cross beam. The lifting device is adjusted according to the displayed position of the cross beam to move the cross beam to the installation position. S6. After the cross beam is moved to the position to be installed, it starts to be lowered and contacts the supporting pier. The two total stations at the track axis are aligned with the axis of the track top. The lifting equipment slightly lifts the two upper hanging points of the cross beam. After the top of the cross beam reaches the designed position, the upper hanging points are lowered. S6. The two total stations at the track axis are aligned with the prism on the top of the vertical pole at the lower position of the cross beam. After measuring the lower position of the cross beam to the preset position, the lower position of the cross beam is slowly lowered, and the cross beam is against the supporting pier. S7. After the cross beam is against the supporting pier, the construction personnel observe the water bubble meter on the vertical pole to show whether the vertical pole is in a vertical state, and finally adjust the lower position of the cross beam based on the layout data of the structure water bubble meter and the total station. After adjusting to the preset position, the lifting and installation are coordinated; S8. Display the installation position of the zigzag beam according to the two GPS locators on the zigzag beam, and compare it with the 3D point map position in step S4. If the cheap data is kept reported within 2 cm, it means that the zigzag beam has reached the preset position.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment, the specific method of step S4 is: First, a high-precision 3D laser scanner is used to comprehensively scan the area where the cross beam is to be constructed. The scanner collects data on the set flight path at a certain angular velocity and linear speed to obtain a large amount of point cloud data in the construction area. These point cloud data contain spatial information of the terrain, existing infrastructure and surrounding environment. The collected point cloud data is transferred to professional modeling software, and a 3D construction drawing of the construction area is constructed through processing based on feature extraction and spatial geometry algorithms. During the modeling process, the software will automatically identify and fit different geometric shapes, such as planes and curved surfaces, according to the density and distribution of the point cloud data, and construct the corresponding topological structure. At the same time, a total station (8) is used to measure the key control points for installing the cross beam (1); the total station obtains the three-dimensional coordinate data of these control points in the total station coordinate system by measuring the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance; it is assumed that the total station coordinate system is , the measured control point coordinates are ,in , is the number of control points; Then the data measured by the total station is registered and fused with the 3D construction drawing in the same coordinate system; this step needs to be achieved through a coordinate transformation algorithm. Assume that the coordinate system of the 3D construction drawing is , we need to find a transformation matrix , so that the coordinates of the control points measured by the total station can be converted to the coordinate system of the 3D construction drawing; conversion matrix Usually contains translation, rotation and scaling transformation parameters, which can be solved by optimization algorithms such as least squares method; Finally, based on the fused data, combined with the design dimensions and installation requirements of the cross beams, the installation position coordinates of each cross beam are calculated, and a detailed installation position drawing is drawn, including the plane position, elevation, and relative relationship information of the cross beam with the surrounding structure; Coordinate transformation formula: Set point The coordinates in the total station coordinate system are , the coordinates in the 3D construction drawing coordinate system are , the transformation matrix for: ; Then we have: ; in, are the elements of the transformation matrix. By measuring the coordinates of multiple common points in two coordinate systems, a set of equations can be established to solve these elements. The purpose of this formula is to achieve a unified coordinate representation of total station measurement data and 3D construction drawing data for subsequent data fusion and analysis. Calculation of installation position of the cross beam: according to the design spacing of the cross beam , and the offset relative to a reference point , and the boundary coordinates of the installation area determined in the fusion coordinate system and , calculate the installation position coordinates of the cross beam as follows: ; ; ; Among them, j, k are the cross beams in and The purpose of this formula is to accurately determine the installation position of each cross beam according to the design requirements and on-site measurement data; The specific method of step S5 is: After the lifting device is started, the cross beam is slowly lifted to a certain height; at this time, the GPS locator on the cross beam begins to receive satellite signals in real time and calculates its own position coordinates; the GPS locator uses a positioning algorithm based on the satellite navigation system to measure the distance between the satellite and the locator, combined with the satellite's orbital parameters and clock information, to calculate the longitude, latitude and elevation information of the locator in the WGS-84 coordinate system, and then converts it to the local coordinate system of the construction area through coordinate conversion; At the same time, the controller equipped on the lifting device continuously reads the position data sent by the GPS locator and compares it with the coordinates of the installation position of the cross beam calculated in the preset step S4; The coordinates of the cross beam position measured by the GPS locator are: , the preset installation location coordinates are ; According to the difference between the two, the horizontal and vertical offset of the cross beam is calculated. , , ; The lifting device adjusts the angle, telescopic length or lifting height of the boom and other parameters through its own hydraulic or electric drive system according to the calculated offset, so that the cross beam gradually approaches the preset installation position; during the adjustment process, the position data of the GPS locator is continuously monitored and the offset is updated in real time until the position of the cross beam meets the preset accuracy requirements and it is moved to the installation position; The specific method of step S8 is: After the installation of the cross beam is completed, the position coordinate data of the two GPS locators on the cross beam are read again and recorded as and ; According to the coordinate data of these two GPS locators, calculate the actual installation position center coordinates of the cross beam , the calculation formula is as follows: ; ; ; Compare the calculated actual installation position center coordinates with the preset position coordinates of the cross beam in the 3D point map generated in step S4, and calculate the deviation between the two in each direction. , , ; Determine whether the deviation is within the allowable range of 2 cm. If it meets the requirements, it means that the installation position of the cross beam 1 is accurate; if it exceeds the allowable range, it is necessary to analyze the cause and may need to re-measure and adjust.

[0018] The present invention provides a shallow water slide cross beam installation and measurement device and a construction method thereof. Compared with the traditional inverted frame, its structural design is lighter and can be conveniently installed on the cross beam without the aid of lifting equipment, which greatly improves the convenience and speed of installation, thereby effectively improving the construction efficiency. It is very simple to operate, and the measuring rod can be quickly leveled, laying a good foundation for subsequent measurement work. It performs well in terms of construction accuracy. The verticality of the measuring rod has obvious advantages over the method of divers holding a ruler in the water, and can better ensure the accuracy of the installation of the cross beam. From a safety perspective, the high-altitude operation risks involved in the inverted frame are avoided, and the personal safety of construction personnel is guaranteed. Overall, the invention is particularly in line with the installation needs of shallow water cross beams, can effectively solve many problems existing in traditional methods in this field, and effectively promote the smooth development of slideway construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a main structural diagram of the cross beam installation pole of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the vertical poles for installing the cross beam of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the overall structural diagram of the pole mounting base of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the vertical pole of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a layout structure diagram of the total station of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the infrared modeling area of ​​the present invention; Figure 7 It is the overall structural diagram of the cross beam construction of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: cross beam 1; track 2; vertical pole 3; scale 301; bubble meter 302; base 4; upper top plate 401; adjustment nut 402; lower bottom plate 403; clamping plate 404; first nut 405; second nut 406; positioning plate 5; positioning surface 501; GPS locator 6; prism 7; total station 8; construction platform 9; infrared modeling area 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example 1 like Figure 1-7As shown, a shallow water slideway cross-beam installation and measurement device, at least one vertical pole 3 is provided on the track 2 of the cross-beam 1, the vertical pole 3 is horizontally arranged, the lower end of the vertical pole 3 is arranged on the base 4, the base 4 is clamped on the track 2 of the cross-beam 1, and a GPS locator 6 is also provided on the upper end of the vertical pole 3, and a prism 7 is provided on the GPS locator 6.

[0022] The vertical pole 3 is used as a carrier of the measurement reference, which is horizontally arranged on the track 2 of the cross beam 1 and fixed by the base 4 at the lower end. The base 4 is clamped on the track 2, wherein the upper top plate 401 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical pole 3 to facilitate the adjustment of the angle of the vertical pole 3. The lower part is connected to the lower bottom plate 403 through a leveling device to ensure the overall stability. The clamping plate 404 of the lower bottom plate 403 forms a groove body that fits the track 2 tightly, and is tightened against the side of the track 2 by the first nut 405 on one side to achieve fixation. A GPS locator 6 and a prism 7 are set at the upper end of the vertical pole 3. The GPS locator 6 is based on a satellite navigation system. By receiving satellite signals, the distance between the satellite and itself is measured, and the longitude, latitude and elevation information in the WGS-84 coordinate system is calculated in combination with the satellite orbit parameters and clock information, and then converted to the local coordinate system of the construction area to achieve real-time monitoring and positioning of the position of the cross beam 1.

[0023] It provides a reliable measurement benchmark for the installation of the cross beam 1, and the position information of the cross beam 1 can be accurately obtained through the vertical pole 3 and the measuring device thereon. Compared with the traditional method, it is easy to install, and no large lifting equipment is required to assist in the installation of the base 4 and the vertical pole 3, which effectively saves manpower and time costs and improves construction efficiency. With the real-time positioning function of the GPS locator 6, the position of the cross beam 1 can be dynamically adjusted during the lifting and installation process to ensure installation accuracy, reduce construction errors caused by inaccurate positioning, and ensure the smooth progress of the slideway construction and the quality of the project.

[0024] In the preferred embodiment, the base 4 includes an upper plate 401, the lower end of the upright 3 is rotatably connected to the upper plate 401, the lower end of the upper plate 401 is connected to the lower plate 403 through a leveling device, and the lower plate 403 is provided with a clamping plate 404, which forms a slot body and is clamped on the track 2. The first nut 405 passes through the clamping plate 404 and abuts against the side of the track 2. Tightening generates inward pressure to make the clamping plate 404 fit the track 2.

[0025] In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of first adjusting screws are provided at the lower end of the upper top plate 401, and a plurality of second adjusting nuts are provided on the lower bottom plate 403. The first adjusting screws and the second adjusting nuts are arranged correspondingly, and the first adjusting screws and the second adjusting nuts are connected by the adjusting nut 402. By rotating the adjusting nut 402, the upper top plate 401 and the lower bottom plate 403 can be fine-tuned to ensure that the vertical pole 3 and the end of the cross beam 1 are in a parallel state. The upper top plate 401 and the lower bottom plate 403 are connected by an adjusting structure composed of the first adjusting screw, the second adjusting nut and the adjusting nut 402. When the adjusting nut 402 is rotated, due to the transmission effect of the thread, the adjusting nut 402 will move along the thread direction of the first adjusting screw and the second adjusting nut, thereby changing the relative position relationship between the upper top plate 401 and the lower bottom plate 403. This change in relative position can fine-tune the angle of the vertical pole 3 fixed on the upper top plate 401, so that the vertical pole 3 and the end of the cross beam 1 are in a parallel state. The principle is based on the mechanical principle of thread transmission, and the adjustment of small angle deviations is achieved by precisely controlling the rotation angle and displacement of the adjustment nut 402 .

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first nuts 405 are provided on one side of the clamping plate 404 , and the first nuts 405 pass through the clamping plate 404 and abut against the side surface of the track 2 , so that the entire trough body below the lower base plate 403 is fixed on the track 2 .

[0027] The trough body formed by the clamping plate 404 cooperates with the track 2 of the cross beam 1, and the thread structure of the nut is utilized by using a plurality of first nuts 405 arranged on one side of the clamping plate 404. When the first nut 405 is tightened, the nut moves axially along its thread, and the generated axial force pushes the clamping plate 404 to fit closely to the side of the track 2, thereby increasing the friction between the clamping plate 404 and the track 2, and firmly fixes the trough body below the lower bottom plate 403 on the track 2 through mechanical extrusion, thereby preventing displacement due to external force during construction.

[0028] The base 4 is stably installed on the track 2 of the cross beam 1, ensuring the position stability of the measuring device on the cross beam 1. In the installation and construction environment of the cross beam of the slide in shallow water, it may be disturbed by external forces such as water flow impact and construction vibration. This fixing method can effectively resist these external forces, ensure the continuity and accuracy of the measurement work, provide a reliable basis for subsequent measurement and installation operations, and reduce measurement errors and construction problems caused by device displacement.

[0029] In the preferred embodiment, a positioning plate 5 is provided on one side of the base 4. The positioning plate 5 is in a right-angle structure. One end of the positioning plate 5 is connected to the base 4, and the inner surface of the vertical rod at the other end is against the end of the cross beam 1 for positioning. The positioning plate 5 is mainly used to position the position of the vertical pole 3. When two vertical poles 3 are installed, the positioning plate 5 can adjust the distance between the two vertical poles 3 and the end of the cross beam 1 to be the same. By utilizing the right-angle structural characteristics of the positioning plate 5, one end of the positioning plate 5 is rigidly connected to the base 4 to ensure the fixity of the relative position. During the installation process, the inner side of the vertical rod at the other end of the positioning plate 5 is against the end of the cross beam 1, and the position of the vertical pole 3 is determined based on this. When multiple vertical poles 3 are installed, due to the consistency of the positioning plate 5 and the relative fixity of the end of the cross beam 1, the distance of each vertical pole 3 relative to the end of the cross beam 1 can be kept the same, ensuring the standardization and consistency of the installation position of the vertical pole 3.

[0030] The accuracy and uniformity of the installation position of the vertical pole 3 are greatly improved, and the positioning operation during the installation process is simplified. Compared with the case without the positioning plate 5, the workload of manual measurement and adjustment is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. At the same time, the relative position accuracy of multiple vertical poles 3 on the cross beam 1 is guaranteed, providing a stable and reliable foundation for subsequent measurement and installation work based on the vertical pole 3, which is conducive to improving the quality of the entire shallow water slide cross beam installation project.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment, one end of the positioning plate 5 is fixed to the lower base plate 403 by a plurality of second nuts 406. A positioning surface 501 is also provided at the corner of the positioning plate 5, and the positioning surface 501 abuts against the upper surface of the cross beam 1. After the construction of the cross beam 1 is completed, the positioning surface 501 ensures that the upper surface of the positioning plate 5 is in a horizontal state, and also positions the vertical state of the upright 3. As for the positioning plate 5 being fixed to the lower base plate 403 by a plurality of second nuts 406 at one end, the second nut 406 is connected to the lower base plate 403 by a thread. When the second nut 406 is tightened, the axial pressure generated presses the positioning plate 5 tightly against the lower base plate 403, thereby achieving a stable connection between the two and preventing the positioning plate 5 from being displaced or loosened during the construction process.

[0032] The positioning surface 501 at the corner of the positioning plate 5 abuts against the upper surface of the cross beam 1 based on the principle of plane contact. During the construction of the cross beam 1, the upper surface of the cross beam 1 is used as a reference plane, and the positioning surface 501 fits closely with it, limiting the displacement and rotation of the positioning plate 5 in the vertical direction, thereby ensuring the horizontal state of the upper surface of the positioning plate 5. Since the vertical pole 3 is connected to the positioning plate 5, the vertical state of the vertical pole 3 is indirectly positioned.

[0033] The fixing effect of the second nut 406 ensures the stability of the positioning plate 5 during the entire construction process, so that the positioning plate 5 can continue to effectively perform its positioning function for the upright rod 3, thereby improving the reliability of the measuring device.

[0034] The setting of the positioning surface 501 effectively ensures the horizontality of the positioning plate 5 and the verticality of the upright 3, reduces the measurement error caused by the inclination of the positioning plate 5 or the non-verticality of the upright 3, improves the installation accuracy of the cross beam 1, and helps to improve the quality of the entire shallow water slide cross beam installation project.

[0035] In the preferred embodiment, a scale is provided on the vertical pole 3, and a plurality of bubble meters 302 are also provided on the upper end of the vertical pole 3. The scale is provided on the vertical pole 3 based on the basic principle of length measurement, with the vertical pole 3 as the reference, and the scale marks are used to intuitively reflect the relative position change of the cross beam 1 in the direction of the vertical pole 3. The bubble meter 302 utilizes the property that the liquid remains horizontal under the action of gravity. When the vertical pole 3 is in a vertical state, the bubble will be located at the center of the instrument. Multiple bubble meters 302 detect the verticality of the vertical pole 3 from different directions to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.

[0036] The scale provides a convenient measuring method for construction personnel, and can quickly read the relative position data of the cross beam 1 and the vertical pole 3, so as to adjust the position of the cross beam 1 in time during the installation process and improve the construction efficiency. The water bubble meter 302 can intuitively display the vertical state of the vertical pole 3, so that construction personnel can check and correct at any time to ensure the verticality of the measurement reference, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the cross beam 1 and reducing the installation error caused by the verticality deviation.

[0037] Example 2 Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figure 1-7 The structure shown, S1, the track 2 of the well-shaped beam 1 to be installed is installed on the base 4, and the inner side surface of the vertical rod of the positioning plate 5 on one side of the base 4 is against the end surface of the positioning plate 5 and the distance position of the vertical rod 3 is positioned; S2. Use a square to measure whether the vertical rod 3 is perpendicular to the lower bottom plate 403 of the base 4, and then adjust the position of the vertical rod 3 according to the positioning plate 5. After the position is adjusted, the first nut 405 below the base 4 abuts against the track 2, so that the entire base 4 is fixed on the track 2; S3, vertical poles 3 and bases 4 are installed on the tracks 2 on both sides of the cross beam 1, and are positioned by positioning plates 5; S4, using a drone to scan and model the area where the zigzag beam 1 is to be constructed, and a 3D construction drawing of the construction area is obtained. The data of the installation of the zigzag beam 1 measured by the total station 8 is combined with the 3D construction drawing to form a drawing of the installation position of each zigzag beam 1. Later, the hanging point position of the zigzag beam 1 is located according to the drawing of the installation position; S5, the lifting device needs to lift the cross beam 1 to the pre-installation position, the GPS locator 6 displays the position of the cross beam 1, and the lifting device is adjusted according to the displayed position of the cross beam 1 to move the cross beam 1 to the installation position; S6. After the cross beam 1 is moved to the position to be installed, the cross beam 1 begins to be lowered and contacts the supporting pier. The two total stations 8 at the track axis are aligned with the axis of the track top. The lifting equipment slightly lifts the two upper hanging points of the cross beam. After the top of the cross beam 1 reaches the designed position, the upper hanging points are lowered. S6, two total stations 8 at the track axis are aligned with the prism 7 at the top of the vertical pole 3 at the lower position of the cross beam 1, and after measuring the lower position of the cross beam 1 to reach the preset position, the lower position of the cross beam 1 is slowly lowered, and the cross beam 1 is against the supporting pier; S7, after the cross beam 1 is against the supporting pier, the construction personnel observe the water bubble meter 302 on the vertical pole 3 to show whether the vertical pole 3 is in a vertical state, and finally adjust the lower position of the cross beam 1 based on the layout data of the structure water bubble meter 302 and the total station 8. After adjusting to the preset position, the lifting and installation are coordinated; S8. Display the installation position of the cross beam 1 according to the two GPS locators 6 on the cross beam 1, and compare it with the 3D point map position in step S4. If the data is kept reported within 2 cm, it means that the cross beam 1 has reached the preset position.

[0038] Example 3 Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figure 1-7 The structure shown in FIG. 1 is as follows: First, a high-precision 3D laser scanner is used to comprehensively scan the construction area of ​​the cross beam 1 by using a drone. The scanner collects data on the set flight path at a certain angular velocity and linear velocity to obtain a large amount of point cloud data in the construction area. These point cloud data contain spatial information of the terrain, existing infrastructure and surrounding environment. The collected point cloud data is transferred to professional modeling software, and a 3D construction drawing of the construction area is constructed through processing based on feature extraction and spatial geometry algorithms. During the modeling process, the software will automatically identify and fit different geometric shapes, such as planes and curved surfaces, according to the density and distribution of the point cloud data, and construct the corresponding topological structure. At the same time, the total station 8 is used to measure the key control points of the installation of the cross beam 1; the total station obtains the three-dimensional coordinate data of these control points in the total station coordinate system by measuring the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance; assuming that the total station coordinate system is , the measured control point coordinates are ,in , is the number of control points; Then the data measured by the total station is registered and fused with the 3D construction drawing in the same coordinate system; this step needs to be achieved through a coordinate transformation algorithm. Assume that the coordinate system of the 3D construction drawing is , we need to find a transformation matrix , so that the coordinates of the control points measured by the total station can be converted to the coordinate system of the 3D construction drawing; conversion matrix Usually contains translation, rotation and scaling transformation parameters, which can be solved by optimization algorithms such as least squares method; Finally, based on the fused data, combined with the design dimensions and installation requirements of the cross beam 1, the installation position coordinates of each cross beam 1 are calculated, and a detailed installation position drawing is drawn, including the plane position, elevation, and relative relationship information of the cross beam 1 with the surrounding structure; Coordinate transformation formula: Set point The coordinates in the total station coordinate system are , the coordinates in the 3D construction drawing coordinate system are , the transformation matrix for: ; Then we have: ; in, are the elements of the transformation matrix. By measuring the coordinates of multiple common points in two coordinate systems, a set of equations can be established to solve these elements. The purpose of this formula is to achieve a unified coordinate representation of total station measurement data and 3D construction drawing data for subsequent data fusion and analysis. Calculation of installation position of cross beam: According to the design spacing of cross beam 1 , and the offset relative to a reference point , and the boundary coordinates of the installation area determined in the fusion coordinate system and , calculate the installation position coordinates of the cross beam (1) as follows: ; ; ; Among them, j, k are the cross beams in and The purpose of this formula is to accurately determine the installation position of each cross beam according to the design requirements and on-site measurement data; The specific method of step S5 is: After the lifting device is started, the cross beam 1 is slowly lifted to a certain height; at this time, the GPS locator 6 on the cross beam 1 starts to receive satellite signals in real time and calculates its own position coordinates; the GPS locator 6 adopts a positioning algorithm based on the satellite navigation system, measures the distance between the satellite and the locator, combines the satellite's orbit parameters and clock information, calculates the longitude and latitude and elevation information of the locator in the WGS-84 coordinate system, and then converts it to the local coordinate system of the construction area through coordinate conversion; At the same time, the controller equipped on the lifting device continuously reads the position data sent by the GPS locator 6, and compares it with the installation position coordinates of the cross beam 1 calculated in the preset step S4; The position coordinates of the cross beam 1 measured by the GPS locator 6 are , the preset installation location coordinates are ; According to the difference between the two, the horizontal and vertical offsets of the cross beam 1 are calculated. , , ; The lifting device adjusts the angle, telescopic length or lifting height of the boom and other parameters through its own hydraulic or electric drive system according to the calculated offset, so that the cross beam 1 gradually approaches the preset installation position; during the adjustment process, the position data of the GPS locator 6 is continuously monitored, and the offset is updated in real time until the position of the cross beam 1 meets the preset accuracy requirements, and it is moved to the installation position; The specific method of step S8 is: After the installation of the cross beam 1 is completed, the position coordinate data of the two GPS locators 6 on the cross beam 1 are read again and recorded as and ; According to the coordinate data of the two GPS locators 6, the actual installation position center coordinates of the cross beam 1 are calculated. , the calculation formula is as follows: ; ; ; The calculated actual installation position center coordinates are compared with the preset position coordinates of the cross beam (1) in the 3D point map generated in step S4, and the deviation between the two in each direction is calculated. , , ; Determine whether the deviation is within the allowable range of 2 cm. If it meets the requirements, it means that the installation position of the cross beam 1 is accurate; if it exceeds the allowable range, it is necessary to analyze the cause and may need to re-measure and adjust.

[0039] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device, characterized by: At least one vertical pole (3) is provided on the track (2) of the cross-shaped beam (1), the vertical pole (3) is arranged horizontally, the lower end of the vertical pole (3) is arranged on a base (4), the base (4) is clamped on the track (2) of the cross-shaped beam (1), and a GPS locator (6) is also provided on the upper end of the vertical pole (3), and a prism (7) is provided on the GPS locator (6).

2. According to claim 1, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: The base (4) comprises an upper top plate (401), the lower end of the upright rod (3) is rotatably connected to the upper top plate (401), the lower part of the upper top plate (401) is connected to the lower bottom plate (403) via a leveling device, and the lower bottom plate (403) is provided with a clamping plate (404), and the clamping plate (404) forms a groove body clamped on the track (2).

3. According to claim 2, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: A plurality of first adjusting screws are provided at the lower end of the upper top plate (401), and a plurality of second adjusting nuts are provided on the lower bottom plate (403). The first adjusting screws and the second adjusting nuts are arranged correspondingly, and the first adjusting screws and the second adjusting nuts are connected via the adjusting nuts (402).

4. According to claim 2, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: A plurality of first nuts (405) are provided on one side of the clamping plate (404), and the first nuts (405) pass through the clamping plate (404) and abut against the side of the track (2), so that the entire slot body below the lower base plate (403) is fixed on the track (2).

5. According to claim 2, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: A positioning plate (5) is provided on one side of the base (4). The positioning plate (5) is in a right-angle structure. One end of the positioning plate (5) is connected to the base (4), and the other end of the positioning plate (5) is positioned in a vertical rod against the end of the cross beam (1).

6. According to claim 5, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: One end of the positioning plate (5) is fixed on the lower base plate (403) via a plurality of second nuts (406).

7. According to claim 5, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: A positioning surface (501) is also provided at a corner of the positioning plate (5), and the positioning surface (501) abuts against the upper surface of the cross beam (1).

8. According to claim 1, a shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device is characterized by: A scale is provided on the vertical rod (3), and a plurality of water bubble meters (302) are also provided on the upper end of the vertical rod (3).

9. A construction method for installing a measuring device for a shallow water slideway cross beam according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: S1, the track (2) of the crisscross beam (1) to be installed is installed on the base (4), and the inner side surface of the vertical rod of the positioning plate (5) on one side of the base (4) is abutted against the end surface of the positioning plate (5) and the distance position of the vertical rod (3) is positioned; S2. Use a square to measure the verticality between the vertical rod (3) and the lower bottom plate (403) of the base (4), and then adjust the position of the vertical rod (3) according to the positioning plate (5). After the position is adjusted, the first nut (405) below the base (4) abuts against the track (2), so that the entire base (4) is fixed on the track (2); S3, vertical poles (3) and bases (4) are installed on the tracks (2) on both sides of the cross beam (1), and are positioned by positioning plates (5); S4, using a drone to scan and model the area where the tic-tac-toe beam (1) is to be constructed, and a 3D construction drawing of the construction area is obtained. The data of the installation of the tic-tac-toe beam (1) measured by the total station (8) is combined with the 3D construction drawing to form a drawing of the installation position of each tic-tac-toe beam (1). Later, the hanging point position of the tic-tac-toe beam (1) is located according to the drawing of the installation position; S5, the lifting device needs to lift the cross beam (1) to the pre-approved installation position, the GPS locator (6) displays the position of the cross beam (1), and the lifting device is adjusted according to the currently displayed position of the cross beam (1) to move the cross beam (1) to the position to be installed; S6. After the cross beam (1) is moved to the position to be installed, the cross beam (1) begins to be lowered and contacts the supporting pier. The two total stations (8) at the track axis are aligned with the axis of the track top. The lifting equipment slightly lifts the two upper hanging points of the cross beam. After the top of the cross beam (1) reaches the designed position, the upper hanging points are lowered. S6, two total stations (8) at the track axis are aligned with the prism (7) at the top of the vertical pole (3) at the lower position of the cross beam (1), and after measuring the lower position of the cross beam (1) to reach the preset position, the lower position of the cross beam (1) is slowly lowered, and the cross beam (1) is against the supporting pier; S7, after the cross beam (1) is against the supporting pier, the construction personnel observe the water bubble meter (302) on the vertical pole (3) to show whether the vertical pole (3) is in a vertical state, and finally adjust the lower position of the cross beam (1) based on the layout data of the water bubble meter (302) and the total station (8). After adjusting to the preset position, the lifting and installation are coordinated; S8. Display the installation position of the cross beam (1) according to the two GPS locators (6) on the cross beam (1), and compare it with the 3D point map position in step S4. If the data is kept within 2 cm, it means that the cross beam (1) has reached the preset position.

10. The construction method of the shallow water slideway cross beam installation measurement device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific method of step S4 is: First, a high-precision three-dimensional laser scanner is mounted on a drone to comprehensively scan the area where the cross-shaped beam (1) is to be constructed. The scanner collects data on a set flight path at a certain angular velocity and linear velocity to obtain a large amount of point cloud data in the construction area. The point cloud data contains spatial information of the terrain, existing infrastructure, and surrounding environment. The collected point cloud data is transferred to professional modeling software, and a 3D construction drawing of the construction area is constructed through processing based on feature extraction and spatial geometry algorithms. During the modeling process, the software will automatically identify and fit different geometric shapes, such as planes and curved surfaces, according to the density and distribution of the point cloud data, and construct the corresponding topological structure. At the same time, a total station (8) is used to measure the key control points for installing the cross beam (1); the total station obtains the three-dimensional coordinate data of these control points in the total station coordinate system by measuring the horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance; it is assumed that the total station coordinate system is , the measured control point coordinates are ,in , is the number of control points; Then the data measured by the total station is registered and fused with the 3D construction drawing in the same coordinate system; this step needs to be achieved through a coordinate transformation algorithm. Assume that the coordinate system of the 3D construction drawing is , we need to find a transformation matrix , so that the coordinates of the control points measured by the total station can be converted to the coordinate system of the 3D construction drawing; conversion matrix Usually contains translation, rotation and scaling transformation parameters, which can be solved by optimization algorithms such as least squares method; Finally, based on the fused data, combined with the design dimensions and installation requirements of the cross beams (1), the installation position coordinates of each cross beam (1) are calculated, and a detailed installation position drawing is drawn, including the plane position, elevation, and relative relationship information of the cross beam (1) with the surrounding structure; Coordinate transformation formula: Set point The coordinates in the total station coordinate system are , the coordinates in the 3D construction drawing coordinate system are , the transformation matrix for: ； Then we have: ； in, are the elements of the transformation matrix. By measuring the coordinates of multiple common points in two coordinate systems, a set of equations can be established to solve these elements. The purpose of this formula is to achieve a unified coordinate representation of total station measurement data and 3D construction drawing data for subsequent data fusion and analysis. Calculation of the installation position of the cross beam: According to the design spacing of the cross beam (1) , and the offset relative to a reference point , and the boundary coordinates of the installation area determined in the fusion coordinate system and , calculate the installation position coordinates of the cross beam (1) as follows: ； ； ； Among them, j, k are the cross beams in and The purpose of this formula is to accurately determine the installation position of each cross beam according to the design requirements and on-site measurement data; The specific method of step S5 is: After the lifting device is started, the cross beam (1) is slowly lifted to a certain height; at this time, the GPS locator (6) on the cross beam (1) starts to receive satellite signals in real time and calculates its own position coordinates; the GPS locator (6) uses a positioning algorithm based on a satellite navigation system to measure the distance between the satellite and the locator, and combines the satellite's orbital parameters and clock information to calculate the longitude, latitude and elevation information of the locator in the WGS-84 coordinate system, and then converts it to the local coordinate system of the construction area through coordinate conversion; At the same time, the controller equipped on the lifting device continuously reads the position data sent by the GPS locator (6) and compares it with the installation position coordinates of the cross beam (1) calculated in the preset step S4; The position coordinates of the cross beam (1) measured by the GPS locator (6) are: , the preset installation location coordinates are ; The horizontal and vertical offsets of the cross beam (1) are calculated based on the difference between the two. , , ; The lifting device adjusts the angle, telescopic length or lifting height of the lifting arm and other parameters through its own hydraulic or electric drive system according to the calculated offset, so that the cross beam (1) gradually approaches the preset installation position; during the adjustment process, the position data of the GPS locator (6) is continuously monitored, and the offset is updated in real time until the position of the cross beam (1) meets the preset accuracy requirements, and it is moved to the installation position; The specific method of step S8 is: After the installation of the cross beam (1) is completed, the position coordinate data of the two GPS locators (6) on the cross beam (1) are read again and recorded as and ; According to the coordinate data of these two GPS locators (6), the actual installation position center coordinates of the cross beam (1) are calculated. , the calculation formula is as follows: ； ； ； The calculated actual installation position center coordinates are compared with the preset position coordinates of the cross beam (1) in the 3D point map generated in step S4, and the deviation between the two in each direction is calculated. , , ; Determine whether the deviation is within the allowable range of 2 cm. If it meets the requirement, it means that the installation position of the cross beam (1) is accurate. If it exceeds the allowable range, it is necessary to analyze the cause and re-measure and adjust.

Images