Efficient propagation and yield increase method for ginseng seeds

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient propagation and yield increase method for ginseng seeds, and belongs to the technical field of ginseng planting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing ginseng seeds with a germination accelerating agent, and treating to obtain germinated ginseng seeds; (2) putting the germinated ginseng seeds obtained in the step (1) into a nutrient medium for culturing to obtain ginseng seedlings; and (3) applying a base fertilizer and an organic microbial fertilizer to the planting land, transplanting the ginseng seedlings obtained in the step (2) to the planting land, and dressing the organic microbial fertilizer for 1-3 times every year. According to the efficient propagation and yield increase method for the ginseng seeds, the survival rate of the ginseng seeds can be remarkably increased, the quality of ginseng is improved, and the method has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ginseng planting, and particularly relates to a method for efficient propagation and yield increase of ginseng seeds. Background Art

[0002] Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A,Mey.) is a perennial herb of the genus Panax in the Araliaceae family. Its dried roots and rhizomes are used as medicine and have a long medicinal history. Ginseng contains various active ingredients, including ginsenosides, ginseng polysaccharides, phenols, organic acids, amino acids, volatile oils, etc., and has the effects of greatly tonifying qi, restoring pulse and arresting collapse, invigorating the spleen and benefiting the lung, promoting fluid production and nourishing blood, calming the mind and improving intelligence.

[0003] The growth cycle of wild ginseng is relatively long, usually taking more than 10 years, and may even be as high as several decades or hundreds of years. The growth cycle of artificially cultivated ginseng is relatively short, about 5 - 7 years. Although the growth cycle of artificially cultivated ginseng is short and the yield is high, the quality of artificially cultivated ginseng is uneven, and its nutritional value is much lower than that of wild ginseng.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an efficient propagation and yield increase method that can improve the quality and yield of ginseng. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient propagation and yield increase method that can improve the quality and yield of ginseng.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for efficient propagation and yield increase of ginseng seeds, including the following steps:

[0008] (1) Mix ginseng seeds with a germination promoter and process to obtain germinated ginseng seeds;

[0009] (2) Cultivate the germinated ginseng seeds obtained in step (1) in a nutrient substrate to obtain ginseng seedlings;

[0010] (3) Apply base fertilizer and organic microbial fertilizer to the planting land, transplant the ginseng seedlings obtained in step (2) to the planting land, and top-dress the organic microbial fertilizer 1 - 3 times a year;

[0011] Among them, the germination promoter includes the following components in weight percentages: 3 - 7% of seaweed extract, 3 - 7% of purslane extract, 0.003 - 0.007% of potassium nitrate, 0.003 - 0.007% of zinc sulfate, 0.003 - 0.007% of calcium phosphate, 0.0001 - 0.0003% of potassium permanganate, and the balance is water.

[0012] Preferably, before mixing the ginseng seeds with the germination agent in step (1), the ginseng seeds are also refrigerated; the mass - volume ratio of the ginseng seeds to the germination agent during mixing is 0.8 - 1.2 g: 5 - 10 mL; the time for the post - mixing treatment is 20 - 28 h.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature for the refrigeration treatment is 3 - 5 °C, and the time is 4 - 8 h.

[0014] Preferably, the nutrient substrate in step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 - 250 parts of peat soil, 30 - 70 parts of vermiculite, and 20 - 40 parts of pre - germinated corn leaching solution.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the pre - germinated corn leaching solution is: mixing fresh corn kernels with water, separating the solid and liquid after the corn kernels germinate, and collecting the liquid part to obtain the pre - germinated corn leaching solution.

[0016] Preferably, the organic microbial fertilizer in step (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 - 120 parts of corn straw, 20 - 30 parts of vinegar residue, 3 - 7 parts of Schisandra chinensis extract, 0.8 - 1.2 parts of Methylotrophic Bacillus, 0.8 - 1.2 parts of Paenibacillus polymyxa, 0.8 - 1.2 parts of Frankia, and 0.8 - 1.2 parts of Agrobacterium rhizogenes.

[0017] Preferably, the bacterial concentration of Methylotrophic Bacillus is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g, the bacterial concentration of Paenibacillus polymyxa is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g, the bacterial concentration of Frankia is 1×10 7 ~1×10 9 CFU / g, the bacterial concentration of Agrobacterium rhizogenes is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g.

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) Crushing the corn straw and mixing it with the vinegar residue, adding Methylotrophic Bacillus and Paenibacillus polymyxa for fermentation to obtain material 1;

[0020] (2) Mixing Schisandra chinensis with ethanol and then performing ultrasonic treatment, collecting the liquid part to obtain Schisandra chinensis extract;

[0021] (3) Mixing Frankia, Agrobacterium rhizogenes with material 1 obtained in step (1) and Schisandra chinensis extract obtained in step (2) to obtain the organic microbial fertilizer.

[0022] Preferably, the concentration of the ethanol is 85-98%, and the mass-volume ratio of the schisandra chinensis to the ethanol during mixing is 1 g: 5-10 mL; the temperature during the ultrasonic treatment is 35-45 °C, and the time is 30-50 min.

[0023] Preferably, in step (3), when the ginseng seedlings grow to 3-7 cm, they are transplanted to the planting land.

[0024] The dosage of the organic microbial fertilizer when applied as base fertilizer is 40-60 kg / mu, and the dosage when used as top dressing is 8-12 kg / mu.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention places ginseng seeds in a germination accelerator containing seaweed extract, purslane extract, potassium nitrate, zinc sulfate, calcium phosphate, and potassium permanganate for germination treatment. Among them, the added potassium nitrate, zinc sulfate, and calcium phosphate can provide the nutrients required for seed germination, and potassium permanganate can eliminate the germs carried on the seed surface. The seaweed extract and purslane extract can not only quickly break the seed dormancy, but also help to enhance the stress resistance of the seeds, which is beneficial to improving the survival rate of the seeds.

[0027] The present invention cultures the germinated ginseng seeds in a nutrient matrix containing corn leaching solution before germination. The corn leaching solution before germination contains various plant hormones and organic acid components that promote seed growth, and can improve the growth rate of the seeds.

[0028] The present invention also provides an organic microbial fertilizer used during the cultivation of ginseng. The methylotrophic bacillus and polymyxa bacillus used therein can improve soil fertility and increase the growth rate of ginseng seedlings; frankia can provide sufficient nitrogen elements for the growth of ginseng seedlings and enhance the absorption and utilization of effective components in the soil by ginseng seedlings; agrobacterium rhizogenes can promote the increase of ginseng root length; vinegar residue and schisandra chinensis extract can promote ginseng growth and improve ginseng quality. At the same time, the methylotrophic bacillus, polymyxa bacillus, frankia, agrobacterium rhizogenes, vinegar residue, and schisandra chinensis extract cooperate with each other and have excellent synergistic effects.

[0029] The method for efficient propagation and yield increase of ginseng seeds provided by the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate of ginseng seeds and improve the quality of ginseng, and has broad application prospects. Specific embodiments

[0030] The present invention provides a method for efficient propagation and yield increase of ginseng seeds, including the following steps:

[0031] (1) Mix the ginseng seeds with a germination accelerator and then treat them to obtain germinated ginseng seeds;

[0032] (2) Cultivate the germinated ginseng seeds obtained in step (1) in a nutrient substrate to obtain ginseng seedlings;

[0033] (3) Apply base fertilizer and organic microbial fertilizer to the planting land, transplant the ginseng seedlings obtained in step (2) to the planting land, and top-dress the organic microbial fertilizer 1 to 3 times a year;

[0034] Among them, the germination agent comprises the following components in weight percentages: 3-7% of seaweed extract, 3-7% of purslane extract, 0.003-0.007% of potassium nitrate, 0.003-0.007% of zinc sulfate, 0.003-0.007% of calcium phosphate, 0.0001-0.0003% of potassium permanganate, and the balance is water.

[0035] In the present invention, the germination agent preferably comprises the following components in weight percentages: 4-6% of seaweed extract, 4-6% of purslane extract, 0.004-0.006% of potassium nitrate, 0.004-0.006% of zinc sulfate, 0.004-0.006% of calcium phosphate, 0.0001-0.0003% of potassium permanganate, and the balance is water; more preferably, it comprises the following components in weight percentages: 5% of seaweed extract, 5% of purslane extract, 0.005% of potassium nitrate, 0.005% of zinc sulfate, 0.005% of calcium phosphate, 0.0002% of potassium permanganate, and the balance is water.

[0036] In the present invention, before mixing the ginseng seeds with the germination agent in step (1), the ginseng seeds are also subjected to refrigeration treatment; the mass-volume ratio of the ginseng seeds to the germination agent during mixing is 0.8-1.2 g: 5-10 mL, preferably 0.9-1.1 g: 7-9 mL, more preferably 1 g: 8 mL; the time for the post-mixing treatment is 20-28 h, preferably 22-26 h, more preferably 23-25 h, and most preferably 24 h.

[0037] In the present invention, the temperature of the refrigeration treatment is 3-5°C, preferably 4°C, and the time is 4-8 h, preferably 5-7 h, more preferably 6 h.

[0038] In the present invention, the nutrient substrate in step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150-250 parts of peat soil, 30-70 parts of vermiculite, and 20-40 parts of corn leaching solution before germination. Preferably, it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 180-220 parts of peat soil, 40-60 parts of vermiculite, and 25-35 parts of corn leaching solution before germination. More preferably, it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of peat soil, 50 parts of vermiculite, and 30 parts of corn leaching solution before germination.

[0039] In the present invention, the preparation method of the pre-germination corn extract is: mixing fresh corn kernels with water, separating the solid and liquid after the corn kernels germinate, and collecting the liquid part to obtain the pre-germination corn extract.

[0040] In the present invention, the mass volume ratio of the fresh corn kernels and water when mixed is 0.8-1.2 g:10-20 mL, preferably 0.9-1.1 g:12-18 mL, and more preferably 1 g:15 mL.

[0041] In the present invention, the organic microbial fertilizer in step (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of corn stalks, 20-30 parts of vinegar lees, 3-7 parts of Schisandra chinensis extract, 0.8-1.2 parts of methylotrophic Bacillus, 0.8-1.2 parts of polymyxa, 0.8-1.2 parts of Frankia, and 0.8-1.2 parts of Agrobacterium rhizogenes, preferably comprising the following components in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of corn stalks, 220 parts of vinegar lees, 3-7 parts of Schisandra chinensis extract, 0.8-1.2 parts of methylotrophic Bacillus, 0.8-1.2 parts of polymyxa, 0.8-1.2 parts of Frankia, and 0.8-1.2 parts of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. ~28 parts, 4-6 parts of Schisandra extract, 0.9-1.1 parts of methylotrophic Bacillus, 0.9-1.1 parts of Bacillus polymyxa, 0.9-1.1 parts of Frankia, and 0.9-1.1 parts of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. It is further preferred to include the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of corn stover, 25 parts of vinegar grains, 5 parts of Schisandra extract, 1 part of methylotrophic Bacillus, 1 part of Bacillus polymyxa, 1 part of Frankia, and 1 part of Agrobacterium rhizogenes.

[0042] In the present invention, the bacterial concentration of the methylotrophic Bacillus is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g, preferably 1×10 7 CFU / g; the bacterial concentration of the polymyxa is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g, preferably 1×10 7 CFU / g; the concentration of Frankia is 1×10 7 ~1×10 9 CFU / g, preferably 1×10 8 CFU / g; the bacterial concentration of the rhizogenes Agrobacterium is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 The CFU / g is preferably 1×10 7 CFU / g;.

[0043] In the present invention, the preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) crushing corn stalks and mixing them with vinegar grains, adding methylotrophic Bacillus and polymyxa to carry out fermentation, and obtaining material 1;

[0045] (2) Mix Schisandra chinensis with ethanol and then perform ultrasonic treatment. Collect the liquid part to obtain Schisandra chinensis extract.

[0046] (3) Mix Frankia, Agrobacterium rhizogenes with Material 1 obtained in step (1) and Schisandra chinensis extract obtained in step (2) to obtain the organic microbial fertilizer.

[0047] In the present invention, the concentration of the ethanol is 85-98%, preferably 95%. When Schisandra chinensis is mixed with ethanol, the mass-volume ratio is 1 g: 5-10 mL, preferably 1 g: 8 mL. The temperature during the ultrasonic treatment is 35-45°C, preferably 38-42°C, more preferably 40°C, and the time is 30-50 min, preferably 35-45 min, more preferably 40 min.

[0048] In the present invention, in step (3), when the ginseng seedlings grow to 3-7 cm, transplant them to the planting land. Preferably, when the ginseng seedlings grow to 4-6 cm, transplant them to the planting land. More preferably, when the ginseng seedlings grow to 5 cm, transplant them to the planting land.

[0049] When the organic microbial fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, the dosage is 40-60 kg / mu, preferably 45-55 kg / mu, more preferably 50 kg / mu. When used as top dressing, the dosage is 8-12 kg / mu, preferably 9-11 kg / mu, more preferably 10 kg / mu.

[0050] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] The methylotrophic Bacillus used in the following embodiments is Methylotrophic Bacillus CICC 10147, the Paenibacillus polymyxa is Paenibacillus polymyxa CICC 21776, the Frankia is Frankia strain FGC6, and the Agrobacterium rhizogenes is Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A method for efficient propagation and yield increase of ginseng seeds, the steps are as follows:

[0054] (1) Select ginseng seeds with smooth surfaces and no pests or diseases. After cold storage treatment at 4°C for 4 h, perform germination promotion treatment. When promoting germination, mix the ginseng seeds with the germination promoter according to the mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 8 mL and treat for 24 h to obtain the germinated ginseng seeds.

[0055] The germination promoter consists of 3% seaweed extract, 3% purslane extract, 0.003% potassium nitrate, 0.003% zinc sulfate, 0.003% calcium phosphate, 0.0001% potassium permanganate, and the balance being water.

[0056] The preparation method of the purslane extract is as follows: The purslane is crushed and mixed with water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:10 mL, ultrasonicated at 40 °C for 30 min, filtered, and the liquid part is taken, and the purslane extract is obtained after concentration under reduced pressure.

[0057] (2) Fresh corn kernels are mixed with water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:15 mL, filtered after the corn kernels germinate, and the liquid part is taken to obtain the corn leaching solution before germination.

[0058] 150 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of vermiculite, and 20 parts of the corn leaching solution before germination are mixed to obtain a nutrient substrate.

[0059] The germinated ginseng seeds obtained in step (1) are placed in the nutrient substrate and cultured at 20 °C until the seedling length reaches 5 cm to obtain ginseng seedlings.

[0060] (3) 80 parts of corn straw are mixed with 20 parts of vinegar residue, 1 part of methylotrophic bacillus with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g and 1 part of polymyxa bacillus with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g are fermented for 12 h to obtain material 1.

[0061] Schisandra chinensis is mixed with 95% ethanol at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:8 mL, ultrasonicated at 35 °C for 30 min, filtered, and the filtrate is collected to obtain the Schisandra chinensis extract.

[0062] 1 part of Frankia with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 8 CFU / g and 1 part of Agrobacterium rhizogenes with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g are mixed with material 1 and 3 parts of the Schisandra chinensis extract to obtain an organic microbial fertilizer.

[0063] (4) A sunshade net is set up in the planting area, 4000 kg of base fertilizer and 40 kg of the organic microbial fertilizer prepared in step (3) are applied per mu and the land is prepared, and then the ginseng seedlings obtained in step (2) are transplanted to the planting area, with 5000 plants transplanted per mu. Thereafter, the organic microbial fertilizer is topdressed once a year, and the application amount each time is 8 kg / mu.

[0064] Among them, the base fertilizer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3000 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 100 parts of superphosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of urea, and 5 parts of compound trace element fertilizer.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] An efficient propagation and yield-increasing method for ginseng seeds, the steps are as follows:

[0067] (1) Select ginseng seeds with smooth surfaces and no pests or diseases. After cold storage at 4°C for 8 h, conduct germination promotion treatment. When promoting germination, mix the ginseng seeds with a germination promoter at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:8 mL and treat for 24 h to obtain germinated ginseng seeds.

[0068] The germination promoter consists of 7% seaweed extract, 7% purslane extract, 0.007% potassium nitrate, 0.007% zinc sulfate, 0.007% calcium phosphate, 0.0003% potassium permanganate, and the balance is water.

[0069] The preparation method of the purslane extract is as follows: Crush purslane and mix it with water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:10 mL. Conduct ultrasonic treatment at 40°C for 30 min, filter, and take the liquid part. After decompression concentration, obtain the purslane extract.

[0070] (2) Mix fresh corn kernels with water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:15 mL. After the corn kernels germinate, filter and take the liquid part to obtain a pre-germination corn leaching solution.

[0071] Mix 250 parts of peat soil, 70 parts of vermiculite, and 40 parts of the pre-germination corn leaching solution to obtain a nutrient matrix.

[0072] Place the germinated ginseng seeds obtained in step (1) in the nutrient matrix and culture at 20°C until the seedling length reaches 5 cm to obtain ginseng seedlings.

[0073] (3) Mix 120 parts of corn straw with 30 parts of vinegar residue, add 1 part of Methylobacterium sp. with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g and 1 part of Paenibacillus polymyxa with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g and ferment for 12 h to obtain material 1.

[0074] Mix Schisandra chinensis with 95% ethanol at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:8 mL. Conduct ultrasonic treatment at 45°C for 50 min, filter, and collect the filtrate to obtain Schisandra chinensis extract.

[0075] Mix 1 part of Frankia sp. with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 8 CFU / g and 1 part of Agrobacterium rhizogenes with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g with material 1 and 7 parts of Schisandra chinensis extract to obtain an organic microbial fertilizer.

[0076] (4) Build a sunshade net on the planting land, apply 4000 kg of base fertilizer and 60 kg of the organic microbial fertilizer prepared in step (3) per mu and prepare the land. Then transplant the ginseng seedlings obtained in step (2) to the planting land, with 5000 plants transplanted per mu. Thereafter, apply the organic microbial fertilizer 3 times a year, with the application amount of 12 kg / mu each time.

[0077] Among them, the base fertilizer is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3000 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 100 parts of superphosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of urea, and 5 parts of compound trace element fertilizer.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A method for efficient propagation and yield increase of ginseng seeds, the steps are as follows:

[0080] (1) Select ginseng seeds with smooth surfaces and no pests and diseases. After cold storage treatment at 4°C for 6 h, perform germination promotion treatment. When promoting germination, mix the ginseng seeds with a germination promoter in a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:8 mL and treat for 24 h to obtain germinated ginseng seeds.

[0081] The germination promoter is composed of 5% seaweed extract, 5% purslane extract, 0.005% potassium nitrate, 0.005% zinc sulfate, 0.005% calcium phosphate, 0.0002% potassium permanganate, and the balance is water.

[0082] The preparation method of the purslane extract is: crush purslane and mix it with water in a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:10 mL, perform ultrasonic treatment at 40°C for 30 min, filter and take the liquid part, and obtain the purslane extract after vacuum concentration.

[0083] (2) Mix fresh corn kernels with water in a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:15 mL. After the corn kernels germinate, filter and take the liquid part to obtain the pre-germination corn leaching solution.

[0084] Mix 200 parts of peat soil, 50 parts of vermiculite and 30 parts of the pre-germination corn leaching solution to obtain a nutrient matrix.

[0085] Place the germinated ginseng seeds obtained in step (1) in the nutrient matrix and culture at 20°C until the seedling length reaches 5 cm to obtain ginseng seedlings.

[0086] (3) Mix 100 parts of corn straw with 25 parts of vinegar residue, add 1 part of methylotrophic bacillus with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g and 1 part of polymyxa bacillus with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g and ferment for 12 h to obtain material 1.

[0087] Schisandra chinensis was mixed with 95% ethanol at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1 g:8 mL, sonicated at 40 °C for 40 min, filtered, and the filtrate was collected to obtain the Schisandra chinensis extract.

[0088] One part of Frankia with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 8 CFU / g and one part of Agrobacterium rhizogenes with a bacterial concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g were mixed with material 1 and 5 parts of the Schisandra chinensis extract to obtain the organic microbial fertilizer.

[0089] (4) A sunshade net was set up in the planting land, 4000 kg of base fertilizer and 50 kg of the organic microbial fertilizer prepared in step (3) were applied per mu and the land was prepared. Then, the ginseng seedlings obtained in step (2) were transplanted into the planting land, with 5000 plants transplanted per mu. Thereafter, the organic microbial fertilizer was topdressed twice a year, and the application rate each time was 10 kg / mu.

[0090] Among them, the base fertilizer was composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3000 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 100 parts of superphosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of urea, and 5 parts of compound trace element fertilizer.

[0091] Test example

[0092] An experimental field in Yanji City was selected for ginseng planting experiments, and the ginseng seeds used were Changbai Mountain ginseng seeds. Each experimental group was replicated three times.

[0093] Among them, the method described in Example 3 was used as the experimental group;

[0094] The difference between Control Group 1 and Example 3 was only that the ginseng seeds were not germinated, and the refrigerated ginseng seeds were directly placed in the nutrient substrate for cultivation, and other treatments were the same as in Example 3;

[0095] The difference between Control Group 2 and Example 3 was only that the germinated corn leaching solution was not added to the nutrient substrate used, and other treatments were the same as in Example 3;

[0096] The difference between Control Group 3 and Example 3 was only that the organic microbial fertilizer used did not contain vinegar residues, and other treatments were the same as in Example 3;

[0097] The difference between Control Group 4 and Example 3 was only that the organic microbial fertilizer used did not contain Frankia and Agrobacterium rhizogenes, and other treatments were the same as in Example 3;

[0098] The difference between Control Group 5 and Example 3 was only that the organic microbial fertilizer used did not contain the Schisandra chinensis extract, and other treatments were the same as in Example 3.

[0099] Except for the above differences, the management methods for planting ginseng in each experimental group were exactly the same. After 1 month of planting, the survival rates of ginseng in each experimental group were counted respectively and seedlings were replenished in a timely manner. After 4 years of planting, the ginseng was harvested. The average root length and average fresh root weight per plant of ginseng in each experimental group were statistically analyzed by the random sampling method. At the same time, the ginseng was washed and dried in an oven at 40 °C, and the total saponin content in the dried ginseng of each experimental group was calculated. The statistical and calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0100] Table 1 Planting results of ginseng in each experimental group

[0101] Experimental group Survival rate (%) Root length (cm) Fresh root weight per plant (g) Total saponin content (%) Experimental group 98.91 16.02 4.86 6.23 Control group 1 84.57 11.85 3.92 6.04 Control group 2 93.56 13.36 4.27 6.07 Control group 3 94.18 14.17 4.41 6.12 Control group 4 97.67 12.83 4.15 5.84 Control group 5 97.83 14.90 4.55 5.81

[0102] As can be seen from Table 1, the survival rate, root length, fresh root weight per plant and total saponin content of ginseng in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in Control Groups 1-5. In Control Group 1, the germination agent prepared by the present invention was not used to germinate ginseng seeds, and the survival rate, root length and fresh root weight per plant of ginseng after planting were significantly reduced, indicating that the germination agent prepared by the present invention can significantly enhance the vitality of ginseng seedlings and improve the growth efficiency of ginseng seeds. In Control Group 2, the maize leaching solution before germination was not added to the nutrient substrate, and the survival rate, root length, fresh root weight per plant and total saponin content of the planted ginseng were also significantly worse than those in the experimental group, indicating that the use of the maize leaching solution before germination is beneficial to improving the growth rate of ginseng seeds as a whole and improving the quality of ginseng. According to the planting results of the experimental group and Control Groups 3-5, it can be seen that discarding vinegar residue, Frankia, Agrobacterium rhizogenes or Schisandra chinensis extract all affected the quality of the planted ginseng, indicating that the raw material components in the organic microbial fertilizer prepared by the present invention cooperate with each other and have the effect of synergistically improving the yield and quality of ginseng.

[0103] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently multiplying and increasing the yield of ginseng seeds, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) mixing ginseng seeds with a germination accelerating agent and then treating the mixture to obtain germinated ginseng seeds; (2) placing the germinated ginseng seeds obtained in step (1) in a nutrient medium for cultivation to obtain ginseng seedlings; (3) applying base fertilizer and organic microbial fertilizer to the planting land, transplanting the ginseng seedlings obtained in step (2) to the planting land, and applying the organic microbial fertilizer 1 to 3 times a year; The germination agent comprises the following components in weight percentage: 3-7% seaweed extract, 3-7% purslane extract, 0.003-0.007% potassium nitrate, 0.003-0.007% zinc sulfate, 0.003-0.007% calcium phosphate, 0.0001-0.0003% potassium permanganate, and the balance is water.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), the ginseng seeds are refrigerated before being mixed with the germination agent; the mass volume of the ginseng seeds and the germination agent when mixed is 0.8-1.2 g: 5-10 mL; and the post-mixing treatment time is 20-28 hours.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The temperature of the refrigeration treatment is 3 to 5° C. and the time is 4 to 8 hours.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The nutrient matrix in step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150-250 parts of peat soil, 30-70 parts of vermiculite and 20-40 parts of pre-germination corn extract.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The preparation method of the pre-germination corn extract comprises the following steps: mixing fresh corn kernels with water, separating solid from liquid after the corn kernels germinate, and collecting the liquid portion to obtain the pre-germination corn extract.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic microbial fertilizer in step (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of corn stalks, 20-30 parts of vinegar lees, 3-7 parts of Schisandra chinensis extract, 0.8-1.2 parts of methylotrophic Bacillus, 0.8-1.2 parts of Bacillus polymyxa, 0.8-1.2 parts of Frankia, and 0.8-1.2 parts of Agrobacterium rhizogenes.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The bacterial concentration of the methylotrophic Bacillus is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g, the bacterial concentration of Bacillus polymyxa is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g, the bacterial concentration of Frankia is 1×10 7 ~1×10 9 CFU / g, the bacterial concentration of Agrobacterium rhizogenes is 1×10 6 ~1×10 8 CFU / g.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The preparation method of the organic microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) crushing corn stalks and mixing them with vinegar grains, adding methylotrophic Bacillus and polymyxa to carry out fermentation, and obtaining material 1; (2) mixing Schisandra chinensis with ethanol and then ultrasonically treating the mixture, collecting the liquid portion, and obtaining a Schisandra chinensis extract; (3) Frankia, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, the material 1 obtained in step (1) and the Schisandra chinensis extract obtained in step (2) are mixed to obtain the organic microbial fertilizer.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The concentration of the ethanol is 85-98%, and the mass volume ratio of the schisandra chinensis and the ethanol when mixed is 1g:5-10mL; the temperature during the ultrasonic treatment is 35-45°C, and the time is 30-50min.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (3), when the ginseng seedlings grow to 3 to 7 cm, they are transplanted to the planting site; The amount of the organic microbial fertilizer when applied as base fertilizer is 40-60 kg / mu, and the amount of the organic microbial fertilizer when used as topdressing is 8-12 kg / mu.