Small skid-mounted household garbage treatment system and treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a small skid-mounted household garbage treatment system and method, and belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment.The small skid-mounted household garbage treatment system comprises a pulverizer used for treating household garbage, and a skid-mounted balance weight plate is installed at the bottom end of the pulverizer; a shredding machine, a winnowing machine, a spiral dewatering and drying machine and a forming granulator which are used for treating household garbage are further mounted on the counterweight plate from left to right; the crushing machine is positioned between the winnowing machine and the spiral dewatering and drying machine; the top ends of the shredding machine, the winnowing machine, the smashing machine, the spiral dewatering and drying machine and the forming granulation machine are each provided with a feeding hopper used for feeding and gathering materials, and four conveyors used for conveying and transferring household garbage are further arranged above the balance weight plate. According to the small skid-mounted household garbage treatment system and method, household garbage can be shredded, winnowed, smashed, dried and granulated, and finally combustible products are formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and in particular relates to a small skid-mounted domestic garbage treatment system and a treatment method. Background Art

[0002] The treatment of domestic garbage specifically refers to the treatment of solid waste generated by daily life or activities providing services for daily life, as well as solid waste regarded as domestic garbage stipulated by laws and regulations, including source reduction, cleaning, classified collection, storage, transportation, treatment, disposal and related management activities of domestic garbage.

[0003] The skid-mounted domestic garbage treatment equipment is mainly used in domestic garbage transfer stations, covering an area of about 100 square meters. It consists of two container-type equipment with a length of 13 meters, and can treat two tons of domestic garbage per hour. The treated domestic garbage is made into pellet fuel with a calorific value of about 3000 kcal, and the formed pellets can be used in large steam boilers of power plants and cement plants. However, when treating domestic garbage, it does not have the ability to perform air separation on heavy objects, which affects the subsequent crushing and drying efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide a small skid-mounted domestic garbage treatment system and a treatment method to solve the problems put forward in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical solution: A small skid-mounted domestic garbage treatment system includes a crusher for treating domestic garbage, and a skid-mounted counterweight plate is installed at the bottom end of the crusher;

[0006] The counterweight plate is further installed with a shredder, an air separator, a screw dehydration dryer and a pellet former for treating domestic garbage from left to right. The crusher is located between the air separator and the screw dehydration dryer;

[0007] Feeding hoppers for feeding and aggregating materials are installed at the tops of the shredder, air separator, crusher, screw dehydration dryer and pellet former. Four conveyors for transporting and transferring domestic garbage are also arranged above the counterweight plate. One ends of the four conveyors respectively correspond to the feeding hoppers of the air separator, crusher, screw dehydration dryer and pellet former, and the other ends of the four conveyors respectively correspond to the discharge ports of the shredder, air separator, crusher and screw dehydration dryer.

[0008] As a preferred implementation, a screw conveyor is embedded and installed on the side of the air separator, and the screw conveyor is communicated with the corresponding feeding hopper.

[0009] As a preferred implementation, a powerful blower for providing power to the air separator is also installed on the air separator, and the powerful blower is communicated with the air separator through an air pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a heat insulation ventilation box is also installed on the side of the spiral dewatering dryer, and a hot air blower for providing dewatering and drying functions is also installed on the side of the heat insulation ventilation box.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the casing of the spiral dewatering dryer is made of heat insulation and heat preservation materials, and the spiral dewatering dryer is also equipped with an electromagnetic heating device for controlling the moisture content of domestic waste.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, a blowing device and a heating pipe for assisting the drying and forming of particles are installed inside the lower half of the pellet forming machine.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the power equipment of the four conveyors all adopts a speed regulating motor.

[0014] A small-scale skid-mounted domestic waste treatment method includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1, shredding: The domestic waste to be treated is sent into a high-torque shredder by a gripper for shredding.

[0016] Step 2, air separation: The shredded domestic waste is conveyed by a conveyor into the feed hopper of an air separator, and is dispersed and conveyed into the air separator by a screw conveyor. A powerful blower uses the force of air to separate heavy objects. The separated materials are mainly waste iron and metal materials.

[0017] Step 3, pulverization: The sorted materials are conveyed by a conveyor into a pulverizer, and the pulverizer pulverizes the materials into a cotton-like shape.

[0018] Step 4, dewatering and drying: The pulverized materials are conveyed by a conveyor into a spiral dewatering dryer, and then dewatered and dried.

[0019] Step 5, granulation: The dewatered and dried domestic waste materials are conveyed by a conveyor, and then quantitatively fed into a pellet forming machine. The pellet forming machine compresses the domestic waste materials into pellet fuels with a certain diameter.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] For this small-scale skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system and treatment method, the shredder and the air separator can pre-treat domestic waste in advance. The shredder can perform pre-shredding to unfold the domestic waste and prevent it from forming large blocks, which affects the subsequent treatment efficiency. The air separator can perform air separation on the shredded domestic waste to remove heavy objects, especially waste iron and metal materials, and reduce the impact on subsequent pulverization and pellet forming.

[0022] The small-scale skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system and treatment method, the shredder can reprocess the shredded and air-selected domestic waste, crush it into smaller-sized materials, and improve the efficiency and effect of subsequent dehydration and drying;

[0023] The small-scale skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system and treatment method, the screw dehydration dryer can dehydrate and dry the domestic waste, and the pelletizing machine granulates the domestic waste to form a combustible product;

[0024] The small-scale skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system and treatment method can shred, air-select, crush, dry and granulate domestic waste, and finally form a combustible product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a process framework diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1, shredder; 2, air separator; 3, crusher; 4, screw dehydration dryer; 5, pelletizing machine; 6, counterweight plate; 7, feed hopper; 8, conveyor; 9, screw conveyor; 10, powerful blower; 11, ventilation pipe; 12, heat insulation ventilation box; 13, hot air blower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] In the following description, numerous specific details are given in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0031] The connection method can adopt existing methods such as bonding, welding, bolt connection, etc., subject to actual needs.

[0032] This application mainly treats domestic waste, purifies and deodorizes the nearby environment, and conducts targeted sterilization and disinfection.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , this embodiment includes a crusher 3 for treating domestic waste. A skid-mounted counterweight plate 6 is installed at the bottom of the crusher 3, and the counterweight plate 6 is fixedly connected to the ground through a plurality of bolts;

[0034] From left to right, a shredder 1 for treating domestic waste, an air separator 2, a screw dewatering and drying machine 4, and a pelletizing machine 5 are also installed on the counterweight plate 6. The pulverizer 3 is located between the air separator 2 and the screw dewatering and drying machine 4. The spacing and positional relationship between each structure are selected according to actual needs and are not subject to the illustration. It can be in a straight line, an L shape, a C shape, etc.

[0035] At the top of the shredder 1, the air separator 2, the pulverizer 3, the screw dewatering and drying machine 4, and the pelletizing machine 5, a feed hopper 7 for feeding and aggregating materials is installed. The shredder operates at a low rotational speed and shreds materials by means of a large torque and low speed, shredding large-sized garbage into smaller pieces for subsequent operations. Above the counterweight plate 6, four conveyors 8 for transporting and transferring domestic waste are also provided. The power equipment of the four conveyors 8 all adopts a speed-regulating motor. One end of each of the four conveyors 8 corresponds to the feed hopper 7 of the air separator 2, the pulverizer 3, the screw dewatering and drying machine 4, and the pelletizing machine 5 respectively, and the other end of the four conveyors 8 corresponds to the discharge ports of the shredder 1, the air separator 2, the pulverizer 3, and the screw dewatering and drying machine 4 respectively.

[0036] Multiple structures and instruments in this application are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here. For example, the shredder 1, the air separator 2, the pulverizer 3, the screw dewatering and drying machine 4, the pelletizing machine 5, and the conveyor 8 are all for special treatment of domestic waste. The pulverizer 3 is a machine that crushes large-sized solid raw materials to the required size. The pulverizer consists of devices such as coarse crushing, fine crushing, and pneumatic conveying, and achieves the purpose of pulverization in the form of high-speed impact.

[0037] An auger conveyor 9 is installed inside the side of the air separator 2. The auger conveyor 9 is connected to the corresponding feed hopper 7. The auger conveyor is a machine that uses an electric motor to drive a spiral to rotate and pushes materials to achieve the purpose of conveying. The rotating spiral blades push the materials for spiral conveying. The force that makes the materials not rotate with the spiral conveyor blades, plus the self-weight of the materials and the frictional resistance of the auger conveyor housing to the materials. The air separator 2 is also equipped with a powerful blower 10 that provides power for the air separator 2. The powerful blower is a machine that relies on the input mechanical energy to increase the gas pressure and discharge the gas. It is a driven fluid machine. When the powerful blower blows air on the garbage, due to the different sizes and densities of the garbage, the air separation distance and position are different, realizing air separation and selection. The powerful blower 10 is equipped with protective equipment to reduce the impact of the garbage, and the protective equipment is detachably arranged and will be maintained regularly. The powerful blower 10 is connected to the air separator 2 through a ventilation pipe 11.

[0038] An insulating ventilation box 12 is also installed on the side of the spiral dehydration dryer 4, and a hot air blower 13 for providing dehydration and drying functions is also installed on the side of the insulating ventilation box 12. The casing of the spiral dehydration dryer 4 is made of thermal insulation material. The spiral dehydration dryer 4 is also installed with an electromagnetic heating device for controlling the moisture content of domestic waste. The spiral dehydration dryer 4 is a main equipment for condensation and dehydration. It is mainly composed of three parts: screw, cylindrical cage shell and cone. The screw shaft is connected to the output shaft of the reducer by a flexible coupling. Rotary filtration: After the garbage is flocculated by the flocculant, flocs of a certain strength are formed. The solid-liquid mixture containing a large amount of water enters the rotary filter through the overflow port of the vertical reactor. The garbage moves forward under the push of the spiral blades and is dehydrated due to the action of gravity. The drum and the spiral turn in the opposite direction, so that the garbage keeps rolling in the drum, and the water inside the flocs is continuously filtered out. The concentrated garbage is pushed out of the discharge port by the spiral blades and enters the next level of dehydration process; after the pre-dehydrated garbage enters the screw extruder through the feed hopper, the garbage is compressed under the action of the tapered spiral shaft and the reducing spiral, so that the water is quickly separated through the porous filter cartridge, and the water content of the solids gradually decreases under the action of continuous compression to become the filter cake we need, and finally discharged out of the machine under the conveying action of the spiral.

[0039] The lower part of the forming granulator 5 is equipped with a blowing device and a heating pipe to assist the drying and forming of the granules. The granulator is used to grind the wet powder into the required granules, and can also crush the blocky dry materials into the required granules. The main features are that the screen is easy to install and disassemble, and the tightness can be adjusted appropriately. The drum is easy to disassemble and clean. The mechanical transmission system is completely enclosed in the machine body, and a lubrication system is attached, so the whole machine runs smoothly.

[0040] The total length of the shredding, sorting and crushing system equipment is 15 meters, with a fully enclosed design (one side can be opened).

[0041] This skid-mounted domestic waste treatment equipment only needs to be installed in the original domestic waste transfer station. It can be fully installed in one week without the need for new land acquisition. The equipment is equipped with sewage treatment and negative pressure dust removal systems, and fully complies with various national emission standards.

[0042] A small skid-mounted method for treating domestic waste comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Shredding: The household garbage to be processed is fed into the large-torque shredder 1 by the gripper for shredding. The shredder 1 runs at a low speed and shreds the material with a large torque and a low speed, and shreds the large-sized garbage into smaller pieces for subsequent operations;

[0044] Step 2. Air separation: The shredded domestic waste is conveyed by conveyor 8 into the feed hopper 7 of air separator 2 and then dispersed and conveyed into air separator 2 by screw conveyor 9. The powerful blower 10 uses the power of air to separate heavy objects. The separated materials are mainly waste iron and metal materials. When blowing air on the garbage, due to the different sizes and densities of the garbage, the air separation distance and position are different, realizing air separation and selection;

[0045] Step 3. Crushing: The sorted materials are conveyed by conveyor 8 into crusher 3. Crusher 3 crushes the materials into cotton-like shapes. Crusher 3 is a machine that crushes large-sized solid raw materials to the required size. The crusher consists of devices such as coarse crushing, fine crushing, and pneumatic conveying, and achieves the purpose of the crusher in the form of high-speed impact;

[0046] Step 4. Dewatering and drying: The crushed materials are conveyed by conveyor 8 into screw dewatering and drying machine 4, and then dewatered and dried;

[0047] Step 5. Pelletizing: The dehydrated and dried domestic waste materials are input by conveyor 8 and then quantitatively fed into pellet forming machine 5. Pellet forming machine 5 compresses the domestic waste materials into pellet fuels with a diameter of 0.8. The calorific value of the processed domestic waste pellet fuels is about 3000 - 3500 kcal, which can replace coal for use. The entire treatment process is completed in 5 minutes, being simple, direct, and highly efficient.

[0048] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "one" and "two" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system, comprising a pulverizer (3) for treating domestic waste, characterized in that: A skid-mounted counterweight plate (6) is installed at the bottom end of the pulverizer (3); The counterweight plate (6) is also equipped with a shredder (1), an air separator (2), a spiral dehydration dryer (4) and a pelletizer (5) for processing domestic waste from left to right, and the pulverizer (3) is located between the air separator (2) and the spiral dehydration dryer (4); The tops of the shredder (1), the air separator (2), the pulverizer (3), the spiral dehydration dryer (4) and the pelletizer (5) are all equipped with a feed hopper (7) for feeding and gathering materials. Four conveyors (8) for conveying and transferring domestic waste are also arranged above the counterweight plate (6). One end of the four conveyors (8) respectively corresponds to the feed hoppers (7) of the air separator (2), the pulverizer (3), the spiral dehydration dryer (4) and the pelletizer (5), and the other end of the four conveyors (8) respectively corresponds to the discharge ports of the shredder (1), the air separator (2), the pulverizer (3) and the spiral dehydration dryer (4).

2. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw conveyor (9) is embedded in the side of the air separator (2), and the screw conveyor (9) is connected to the corresponding feed hopper (7).

3. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air separator (2) is also equipped with a powerful fan (10) for providing power to the air separator (2), and the powerful fan (10) is connected to the air separator (2) through a ventilation pipe (11).

4. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating ventilation box (12) is also installed on the side of the spiral dehydration dryer (4), and a hot air blower (13) for providing a dehydration and drying function is also installed on the side of the heat-insulating ventilation box (12).

5. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The casing of the spiral dehydration dryer (4) is made of heat-insulating materials, and the spiral dehydration dryer (4) is also equipped with an electromagnetic heating device for controlling the moisture content of domestic waste.

6. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower half of the forming granulator (5) is internally installed with a blowing device and a heating tube for assisting the drying and forming of the granules.

7. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power equipment of the four conveyors (8) all adopt speed-regulating motors.

8. A small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment method, implemented based on a small skid-mounted domestic waste treatment system according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Shredding: The household garbage to be processed is fed into a large torque shredder (1) by a gripper for shredding; Step 2: air separation: the shredded domestic waste is conveyed by a conveyor (8) into a feed hopper (7) of an air separator (2), and then transported to the air separator (2) in a dispersed manner from a screw conveyor (9). A powerful fan (10) uses the power of wind to separate out heavy objects. The separated materials are mainly scrap iron and metal materials. Step 3: Crushing: The sorted materials are conveyed by a conveyor (8) into a crusher (3), and the crusher (3) crushes the materials into cotton-like particles; Step 4: Dehydration and drying: The crushed material is conveyed by a conveyor (8) into a spiral dehydration dryer (4) for dehydration and drying; Step 5: Granulation: The dehydrated and dried domestic waste material is input by a conveyor (8) and then quantitatively fed into a forming pellet machine (5). The forming pellet machine (5) compresses the domestic waste material into pellet fuel with a diameter of 0.8.

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