Crusher for waste plastics

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste plastic recovery, and particularly discloses a waste plastic crusher which comprises a processing frame and a crushing cavity installed on the processing frame, a crushing assembly used for crushing plastic is arranged in the crushing cavity, and a ventilation pipe is installed on one side of the crushing cavity. An induced draft fan communicated with the ventilation pipe is arranged on the processing frame; a first filtering piece is mounted on the ventilation pipe through a mounting frame, a protection sleeve is arranged on the side, located on the ventilation groove, of the ventilation pipe, and a second filtering piece is arranged in the protection sleeve; and meanwhile, elastic supporting plugging pieces matched with the ventilation grooves are arranged in the ventilation pipes. At the moment, the air pressure in the crushing cavity drives the elastic supporting plugging piece to be far away from the ventilation groove, so that the ventilation groove communicates with the crushing cavity, the air in the crushing cavity enters the ventilation pipe through the ventilation groove, the air is exhausted through the induced draft fan, and the influence on the induced draft fan due to blockage of the first filtering piece is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste plastic recycling, in particular to a crusher for waste plastic. Background Art

[0002] Plastic is a high molecular compound made from monomers through addition polymerization or condensation polymerization. It has a medium deformation resistance, between that of fiber and rubber. It is composed of synthetic resin and additives such as fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants and colorants. In order to solve the problems of environmental pollution caused by waste plastics, and to alleviate the tight supply of raw material resins, reduce resin consumption and reduce product costs, the recycling and reuse of waste plastics has become an important way. The main process is to separate and screen waste plastic products, and use external force to destroy the cohesion inside the material, so that large particles can be turned into small particles, thereby meeting the technical requirements of wire drawing, tube drawing or injection molding.

[0003] Specifically, waste plastics are a general term for plastics that have been used in civil, industrial and other purposes and eventually eliminated or replaced. They can be divided into recycled plastics, reprocessed plastics, recycled plastics, reusable plastics, recyclable plastics, and non-recyclable plastics according to different ways of reuse.

[0004] At present, when recycling and reusing waste plastics, they must first be crushed, and a crusher will be used in the crushing process. The crusher in the prior art, such as the Chinese patent with application number 202222745624.9, authorization announcement number CN218488850U, and name of plastic crusher for waste electronic products, discloses a plastic crusher for waste electronic products, including a crusher, the upper surface of the crusher is provided with a feeding port, the inner wall of the feeding port is provided with a feeding frame with openings on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the left and right sides of the inner wall of the crusher are provided with a hydraulic cylinder 1; in the above patent, the plastic is crushed by setting blade 1 and blade 2, the plastic enters the crusher through the feeding port and first falls into the flip platform, after the plastic falls in, the blades 1 on both sides are driven by the hydraulic cylinder 1 to approach each other, and the whole plastic is processed in sections, and the plastic is fragmented twice, which improves the crushing efficiency and crushing effect.

[0005] For another example, there is a Chinese patent with the application number 201921622599.7, the authorization announcement number CN210705536U, and the name of a crusher for plastic production. The above patent discloses a crusher for plastic production, including a crushing box. A crushing chamber is provided in the crushing box. A conveyor belt is fixedly installed on the left side of the crushing box and penetrates and extends into the crushing chamber. Fixed teeth are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the crushing chamber at the top of the conveyor belt. A first crushing roller is rotatably connected between the front and rear walls of the crushing chamber at the top of the conveyor belt. A second crushing roller is rotatably connected between the front and rear walls of the crushing chamber on the right side of the first crushing roller. The crusher for plastic production in the above patent solves the problems that when recycling waste plastics, it is necessary to crush them, and at the same time, dust and harmful gases are easily generated during the crushing process of waste plastics, which will cause harm if not absorbed and treated.

[0006] In the prior art including the above patent, the crushing efficiency of plastics can be improved to a certain extent. As is well known, dust and harmful gases are easily generated during the crushing process of waste plastics. Therefore, in the prior art including the above patent, usually through the cooperation of an induced draft fan and a filter screen, the dust and harmful gases generated during crushing are drawn into the collection chamber by the induced draft fan. The clean air is discharged from the air outlet, while the dust and harmful gases are intercepted by the filter screen and finally gradually settle into the collection box for collection. As is well known in the above working process, particulate dust is generated during the plastic crushing process, and the dust is intercepted by the filter screen. After long-term operation, the filter screen will be blocked by the dust. In the prior art, in order to solve the problem of filter screen blockage, usually a hitting component is used to hit the filter screen to make the filter screen vibrate, which can achieve the effect of cleaning the filter screen to a certain extent.

[0007] However, when the plastic material to be crushed is relatively dry, a large amount of dust particles will instantly appear during the crushing process of the dry plastic. With the action of the induced draft fan, the large amount of dust particles will block the filter screen in an instant. Moreover, the hitting component requires a certain stroke during the movement process. Therefore, the dust particles on the filter screen cannot be cleaned in time, which will cause the air passage of the induced draft fan to be blocked during operation and affect the service life of the induced draft fan. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crusher for waste plastics to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a crusher for waste plastics, comprising a processing frame and a crushing chamber installed on the processing frame, wherein a crushing assembly for crushing plastics is arranged inside the crushing chamber, a ventilation pipe is installed on one side of the crushing chamber, and an induced draft fan connected to the ventilation pipe is arranged on the processing frame, and the induced draft fan extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber; a first filter is installed on the ventilation pipe through an installation frame, and a ventilation slot is also opened on the ventilation pipe, a protective sleeve is arranged on the ventilation pipe on one side of the ventilation slot, and a second filter is arranged inside the protective sleeve Part; at the same time, an elastic support sealing part adapted to the ventilation slot is arranged inside the ventilation pipe; a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the first filter element is arranged on the mounting frame, and the cleaning mechanism and the elastic support sealing part are transmission-connected through a linkage mechanism; when the first filter element is blocked by dust particles generated by crushed plastic, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber drives the elastic support sealing part away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber are connected, and the first filter element is self-cleaned through the linkage mechanism and the cleaning mechanism during the travel of the elastic support sealing part away from the ventilation slot, so as to achieve unobstructed flow of the first filter element.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic support sealing member includes a sealing plate, a sealing groove matched with the sealing plate is opened on the ventilation pipe, an elastic pressure unit is arranged inside the ventilation pipe, and the elastic pressure unit drives the sealing plate to be clamped in the sealing groove; the elastic pressure unit includes a mounting frame slidably connected to the ventilation pipe, a pressure rod is rotatably connected inside the ventilation pipe, a pressure gear is installed on the pressure rod, and a pressure rack meshing with the pressure gear is arranged on the sealing plate; and a support spring is arranged between the mounting frame and the ventilation pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism comprises a brush plate slidably connected to the mounting frame, and a plurality of groups of cleaning bristles are arranged on the brush plate; and the brush plate is slidably connected to the mounting frame via a mounting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a linkage shaft rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe, and the linkage shaft and the pressure rod are connected through a synchronous member; a reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to the mounting frame, and a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw is slidably connected to the mounting frame, the mounting block is installed on the threaded sleeve, and a linkage part is arranged between the reciprocating screw and the linkage shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a bristle cleaning piece for cleaning the cleaning bristles is provided on the mounting frame; the bristle cleaning piece includes multiple groups of inserts, and the multiple groups of inserts are arranged on the mounting frame through supporting ribs; the mounting block is slidably connected with a mounting plate through a limiting unit, and multiple groups of connecting springs are arranged between the mounting plate and the brush plate; a guide portion is also arranged between the mounting frame and the mounting block; the guide portion includes an avoidance groove provided on the first filter element, and a guide groove is provided on the mounting frame; an extrusion groove is provided on the inner side of the mounting block, and an adaptation groove is provided on the brush plate; when the driving screw drives the mounting block to slide inside the mounting frame, the mounting block 145 is driven to slide through the cooperation of the guide groove and the avoidance groove, so that the extrusion groove on the mounting block 145 cooperates with the brush plate adaptation groove to drive the brush plate to drive the cleaning bristles to abut against the first filter element.

[0014] Furthermore, a cleaning plate for cleaning the second filter element is arranged inside the protective sleeve, and the cleaning plate is connected to the reciprocating screw through a transmission mechanism; when the elastic support sealing member moves away from the ventilation slot, the first filter element is self-cleaned through the linkage mechanism and the cleaning mechanism, and the second filter element is self-cleaned through the transmission mechanism and the cleaning plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission rod rotatably connected to the protective sleeve, a transmission gear is provided on the transmission rod, and a transmission rack meshing with the transmission gear is slidably connected to the protective sleeve, the cleaning plate is installed on the transmission rack, and the reciprocating screw and the transmission rod are connected through a synchronization unit.

[0016] Furthermore, a vibration unit is provided between the cleaning plate and the transmission rack to improve the cleaning effect of the second filter element.

[0017] Furthermore, the vibration unit includes a vibration block, and the cleaning plate is clamped to the vibration block through a clamping piece; a mounting groove is provided on the transmission rack, and the vibration block is slidably connected to the transmission rack through a limiting portion, and a vibration spring is provided between the vibration block and the mounting groove; a plurality of groups of protrusions are provided on the protective cover, and a vibration space is formed between two adjacent protrusions, and the vibration block is intermittently clamped to the vibration space so that the cleaning plate intermittently abuts against the second filter element.

[0018] Furthermore, a loading piece is arranged on one side of the processing frame, and a unloading piece is also arranged on a side of the processing frame away from the loading piece.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the actual use process of this waste plastic crusher, plastics are placed inside the crushing chamber, and the crushing assembly is used to perform crushing operations on the plastics. When the crushed plastics are relatively dry or the material is brittle, a large number of dust particles will instantly appear during the crushing process of the dry plastics. Under the action of the induced draft fan, a large number of dust particles will clog the filter screen in an instant. When the first filter element is clogged by the dust particles generated by the crushed plastics, at this time, the pressure inside the ventilation pipe is less than that inside the crushing chamber outside the ventilation pipe. In order to ensure the gas circulation inside the crushing chamber and maintain the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber drives the elastic support sealing member away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot is communicated with the crushing chamber. The gas inside the crushing chamber will enter the ventilation pipe through the ventilation slot and is discharged through the induced draft fan. Therefore, it can avoid the influence on the induced draft fan due to the blockage of the first filter element and meet the working requirements.

[0020] Furthermore, when the elastic support sealing member moves away from the ventilation slot, the gas inside the crushing chamber at this time will enter the ventilation pipe through the ventilation slot. During the process of ensuring the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber, the cleaning operation of the first filter element is passively realized through the linkage mechanism and the cleaning mechanism. Therefore, there is no need to separately set up a complex mechanical mechanism to clean the first filter element, but it is completely passively realized during the process of ensuring the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber, which greatly improves the practicability of this crusher. When the first filter element is unblocked, the gas inside the crushing chamber at this time can smoothly enter the ventilation pipe through the first filter element. After the pressure balance between the ventilation pipe and the inside of the crushing chamber is achieved, that is, at this time, the pressure on the elastic support sealing member will decrease, and the elastic force of the elastic support sealing member will block the ventilation slot again. If the first filter element is blocked again, the elastic support sealing member will open the ventilation slot again, and the first filter element can be self-cleaned while repeating the cycle, which greatly improves the practicability of this crusher.

[0021] Even further, during the cleaning operation of the first filter element, that is, when the reciprocating lead screw rotates, it will drive the transmission rod to rotate through the synchronization unit, and then the brush plate can be driven to reciprocate inside the protective sleeve through the cooperation of the transmission gear and the transmission rack to clean the second filter element. Therefore, there is no need to separately set up a cleaning device to clean the second filter element as well. During the process of passively cleaning the first filter element to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber, the cleaning operation of the second filter element is also passively realized, which further improves the practicability of this crusher and meets the working requirements. Description of the Drawings

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the ventilation pipe structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the installation frame provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of another perspective structure of the interior of the installation frame provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the linkage mode between the elastic support sealing member and the cleaning mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation method of the linkage mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection mode between the brush cleaning member and the cleaning brush provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation method of the cleaning brush and the second filter element provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the transmission mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 For Figure 8 Top view of the state;

[0032] Figure 10 For Figure 9 Cross-sectional structure diagram along A-A in ;

[0033] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the vibration unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the partial state structure of the ventilation pipe provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the top view state of the ventilation pipe provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 For Figure 13 Cross-sectional structure diagram along B-B in ;

[0037] Figure 15 For Figure 13 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram along C-C in;

[0038] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the position where the avoidance groove is opened provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the separated state of the brush cleaning member and the cleaning brush bristles provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the crushing assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, processing frame; 2, loading member; 3, unloading member; 4, crushing chamber; 5, crushing assembly; 6, induced draft fan; 7, ventilation pipe; 8, installation frame; 9, first filter member; 10, protective sleeve; 11, second filter member; 12, plugging plate; 121, plugging groove; 13, elastic pressing unit; 131, installation frame; 132, support spring; 133, pressing rod; 134, pressing gear; 135, pressing rack; 14, cleaning mechanism; 141, installation plate; 142, brush plate; 143, cleaning brush bristles; 144, connecting spring; 145, installation block; 15, linkage mechanism; 151, reciprocating lead screw; 152, threaded sleeve; 153, linkage part; 154, linkage shaft; 16, brush cleaning member; 161, insertion bar; 162, support rib; 163, avoidance groove; 164, guiding groove; 165, extrusion groove; 166, fitting groove; 17, cleaning plate; 18, transmission mechanism; 181, transmission rod; 182, transmission gear; 183, transmission rack; 184, synchronization unit; 19, vibration unit; 191, vibration block; 192, vibration spring; 193, convex block; 194, vibration space. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1-19The present invention provides a technical solution: a crusher for waste plastics, comprising a processing frame 1 and a crushing chamber 4 installed on the processing frame 1, a crushing assembly 5 for crushing plastics is arranged inside the crushing chamber 4, a ventilation pipe 7 is installed on one side of the crushing chamber 4, and a draft fan 6 connected to the ventilation pipe 7 is arranged on the processing frame 1, and the draft fan 6 extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber 4; a first filter 9 is installed on the ventilation pipe 7 through an installation frame 8, and a ventilation slot is also opened on the ventilation pipe 7, a protective cover 10 is arranged on the ventilation pipe 7 on one side of the ventilation slot, and a second filter 11 is arranged inside the protective cover 10; at the same time, An elastic support sealing member adapted to the ventilation slot is arranged inside the air duct 7; a cleaning mechanism 14 for cleaning the first filter element 9 is arranged on the mounting frame 8, and the cleaning mechanism 14 and the elastic support sealing member are connected to each other through a linkage mechanism 15; when the first filter element 9 is blocked by dust particles generated by crushed plastic, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber 4 drives the elastic support sealing member away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber 4 are connected, and in the process of the elastic support sealing member moving away from the ventilation slot, the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14 are used to self-clean the first filter element 9, so as to achieve unobstructed flow of the first filter element 9.

[0045] Specifically, the waste plastic crusher includes a processing frame 1 and a crushing chamber 4 installed on the processing frame 1. A crushing assembly 5 for crushing plastic is arranged inside the crushing chamber 4, and is used to crush the plastic inside the crushing chamber 4. The crushing assembly 5 includes at least two crushing rollers, and the plurality of crushing rollers are meshed by gears, and a motor for driving the crushing rollers to rotate is arranged on the processing frame 1, so as to realize the crushing of the waste plastic entering the crushing chamber 4. Specifically, the crushing assembly 5 also includes other components, which are not described here, so as to meet the needs of the crushing work. A ventilation pipe 7 is installed on one side of the crushing chamber 4, and an induced draft fan 6 connected to the ventilation pipe 7 is arranged on the processing frame 1. The induced draft fan 6 extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber 4, so as to avoid the diffusion of harmful gases. Specifically, a collecting box is provided on the processing frame 1, and the induced draft fan 6 draws the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 into the collecting box. The gas can be discharged only after disinfection treatment, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the diffusion of harmful gases in the crushing process. Specifically, the collecting box and the subsequent disinfection equipment are existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] The ventilation pipe 7 is provided with a first filter 9 through a mounting frame 8, and a ventilation slot is also provided on the ventilation pipe 7. A protective sleeve 10 is provided on one side of the ventilation slot of the ventilation pipe 7, and a second filter 11 is provided inside the protective sleeve 10. Preferably, there are two ventilation slots, which are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the ventilation pipe 7. At the same time, there are two second filters 11 and subsequent structures related to the second filter 11, which has a better effect. When the first filter 9 is blocked, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 will enter the ventilation pipe 7 from the ventilation slot to ensure the air circulation inside the crushing chamber 4. Specifically, the first filter 9 and the second filter 11 have the same structure and working principle, and both include a filter frame, and a filter net is embedded inside the filter frame to meet the filtering needs.

[0047] At the same time, an elastic support sealing member adapted to the ventilation groove is arranged inside the ventilation pipe 7. When the first filter element 9 is in a smooth state, the elastic force of the elastic support sealing member will block the ventilation groove. At this moment, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 enters the ventilation pipe 7 through the first filter element 9, and the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 is discharged through the induced draft fan 6 to meet working needs.

[0048] A cleaning mechanism 14 for cleaning the first filter element 9 is provided on the mounting frame 8, and can clean the first filter element 9 and clean the dust particles blocked on the first filter element 9 to achieve the unblocking of the first filter element 9, so as to continue to meet the filtering operation of the first filter element 9. More specifically, the cleaning mechanism 14 is connected to the elastic support blocking member through a linkage mechanism 15, so that the first filter element 9 can be passively cleaned during the unfolding stroke of the elastic support blocking member, and the use effect is better.

[0049] Specifically, in actual use, the plastic is placed inside the crushing chamber 4, and the crushing assembly 5 is used to crush the plastic. When the crushed plastic is relatively dry or brittle, a large amount of dust particles will appear in the process of crushing the dry plastic at this moment, and a large amount of dust particles will clog the filter screen in an instant with the action of the induced draft fan 6. When the first filter element 9 is blocked by the dust particles generated by the crushed plastic, the pressure inside the ventilation pipe 7 is lower than that inside the crushing chamber 4 outside the ventilation pipe 7. In order to ensure the gas circulation inside the crushing chamber 4 and to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber 4 drives the elastic support plugging member away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot is connected to the crushing chamber 4. At this time, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 will enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation slot, and the gas will be discharged through the induced draft fan 6, so that the influence of the blockage of the first filter element 9 on the induced draft fan 6 can be avoided, and the working needs can be met. Of course, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 will be filtered by the second filter element 11 before entering the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation slot to avoid affecting the use of the induced draft fan 6.

[0050] During the stroke when the elastic support sealing member moves away from the ventilation groove, the first filter element 9 is self-cleaned through the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14 to ensure the smoothness of the first filter element 9. Therefore, when the elastic support sealing member moves away from the ventilation groove, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 at this moment will enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation groove, ensuring the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4. During this process, the cleaning operation of the first filter element 9 is realized passively through the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14. Therefore, there is no need to separately set up a complex mechanical mechanism to clean the first filter element 9, but it is completely realized passively during the process of ensuring the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, greatly improving the practicability of the crusher. When the first filter element 9 is unblocked, the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 at this moment can smoothly enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the first filter element 9. After the pressure balance between the ventilation pipe 7 and the inside of the crushing chamber 4 is achieved, that is, the pressure on the elastic support sealing member will decrease at this moment, and the elastic force of the elastic support sealing member will block the ventilation groove again. If the first filter element 9 is blocked again, the elastic support sealing member will open the ventilation groove again, and while cycling, it can self-clean the first filter element 9, greatly improving the practicability of the crusher.

[0051] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the elastic support and sealing member includes a sealing plate 12. A sealing groove 121 adapted to the sealing plate 12 is formed on the ventilation pipe 7. After the sealing plate 12 is clamped inside the sealing groove 121, the ventilation groove can be sealed. An elastic pressing unit 13 is arranged inside the ventilation pipe 7, and the elastic pressing unit 13 drives the sealing plate 12 to be clamped in the sealing groove 121. The elastic pressing unit 13 includes a mounting frame 131 slidably connected to the ventilation pipe 7. A pressing rod 133 is rotatably connected inside the ventilation pipe 7. A pressing gear 134 is mounted on the pressing rod 133, and a pressing rack 135 meshing with the pressing gear 134 is arranged on the sealing plate 12. A support spring 132 is arranged between the mounting frame 131 and the ventilation pipe 7. Specifically, a vertical groove is formed on the ventilation pipe 7, and the mounting frame 131 is vertically slidably connected inside the vertical groove, and the support spring 132 is arranged between the vertical groove and the mounting frame 131, so that the elastic pressing unit 13 seals the sealing plate 12 in the sealing groove 121. Specifically, during the use process, when the first filter element 9 is blocked by the dust particles generated by the shredded plastic, at this time, the pressure inside the ventilation pipe 7 is less than that inside the crushing chamber 4 outside the ventilation pipe 7. For the gas flow inside the crushing chamber 4 to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, at this time, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber 4 drives the sealing plate 12 to drive the pressing rack 135 to slide. After overcoming the elastic force of the support spring 132 through the pressing rack 135 and the mounting frame 131, the sealing plate 12 is separated from the sealing groove 121, so that the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 can enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation groove, and the gas is discharged through the induced draft fan 6. Therefore, the influence on the induced draft fan 6 caused by the blockage of the first filter element 9 can be avoided, meeting the working requirements.

[0052] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the cleaning mechanism 14 includes a brush plate 142 slidably connected to the mounting frame 8. Multiple groups of cleaning bristles 143 are arranged on the brush plate 142. The brush plate 142 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 8 through a mounting block 145. Therefore, during use, when the mounting block 145 slides, it will drive the brush plate 142 to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9 to perform a cleaning operation on the first filter element 9.

[0053] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the linkage mechanism 15 includes a linkage shaft 154 rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe 7, and the linkage shaft 154 is connected to the pressure rod 133 through a synchronous member. A reciprocating screw 151 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 8, and a threaded sleeve 152 threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw 151 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 8. The mounting block 145 is mounted on the threaded sleeve 152, and a linkage portion 153 is provided between the reciprocating screw 151 and the linkage shaft 154. Specifically, the synchronous member can be a pulley transmission member well known in the prior art, which will not be described here, and the diameter of the linkage shaft 154 is smaller than the diameter of the pressure rod 133. By using the relationship of the transmission ratio, when the speed is constant, the number of turns of the linkage shaft 154 is greater than the number of turns of the pressure rod 133, that is, at this moment, the number of turns of the reciprocating screw 151 driven by the linkage shaft 154 is sufficient to drive the threaded sleeve 152 to slide back and forth on the mounting frame 8. When the mounting block 145 slides, the brush plate 142 is driven to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9 to clean the first filter element 9. Similarly, the linkage part 153 can also be a pulley transmission part to meet the rotation of the reciprocating screw rod 151. During operation, when the first filter element 9 is clogged by dust particles generated by crushed plastic, at this moment, the pressure inside the ventilation pipe 7 is lower than that inside the crushing chamber 4 outside the ventilation pipe 7. In order to ensure the gas circulation inside the crushing chamber 4 and to ensure the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber 4 drives the sealing plate 12 to drive the pressure rack 135 to slide. When the pressure rack 135 slides, it will passively drive the pressure gear 134 to rotate, and drive the pressure rod 133 to rotate through the pressure gear 134, and then can drive the linkage shaft 154 to rotate through the synchronous member. When the linkage shaft 154 rotates, it will drive the reciprocating screw rod 151 to rotate through the linkage part 153, and then can drive the mounting block 145 to slide through the threaded sleeve 152, and will drive the brush plate 142 to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9, and the first filter element 9 is cleaned to meet the working needs. Preferably, folding sealing curtains are provided between the front and rear sides of the threaded sleeve 152 and the mounting frame 8, which can be automatically unfolded and folded when the threaded sleeve 152 slides, thereby effectively reducing the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 from the sliding area of ​​the threaded sleeve 152 into the ventilation pipe 7, further meeting the working needs. The folding sealing curtain is a prior art, and its structure and working principle are not described in detail here.

[0054] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a brush cleaning member 16 for cleaning the cleaning bristles 143 is provided on the mounting frame 8, so that the cleaning operation of the cleaning bristles 143 can be realized, avoiding the influence of the accumulation of dust particles on the cleaning bristles 143 on the cleaning effect of the first filter element 9, and greatly improving the practicability of the crusher. The brush cleaning member 16 includes a plurality of insertion strips 161, and the plurality of insertion strips 161 are arranged on the mounting frame 8 through the support ribs 162. Under the action of the support ribs 162, there is enough space between the insertion strips 161 and the cleaning bristles 143 to facilitate the cleaning operation of the insertion strips 161 on the cleaning bristles 143. At the same time, in this embodiment, the mounting block 145 is slidably connected to the threaded sleeve 152 through a positioning member. The mounting plate 141 is slidably connected to the mounting block 145 through a limiting unit, and a plurality of connecting springs 144 are arranged between the mounting plate 141 and the brush plate 142; a guiding portion is further arranged between the mounting frame 8 and the mounting block 145; the guiding portion includes an avoidance groove 163 opened on the first filter element 9, and a guiding groove 164 is opened on the mounting frame 8; an extrusion groove 165 is opened on the inner side of the mounting block 145, and an adaptation groove 166 is opened on the brush plate 142. Therefore, during the use process, when the driving lead screw drives the mounting block 145 to slide inside the mounting frame 8, the cooperation of the guiding groove 164 and the avoidance groove 163 drives the mounting block 145 to slide relative to the mounting plate 141, so that the extrusion groove 165 on the mounting block 145 cooperates with the adaptation groove 166 on the brush plate 142 to drive the brush plate 142 to drive the cleaning bristles 143 to abut against the first filter element 9. At this moment, when the mounting block 145 slides relative to the mounting frame 8, it will drive the brush plate 142 to slide, so that the brush plate 142 drives the bristles to slide on the first filter element 9 to perform the cleaning operation on the first filter element 9 and improve the cleaning efficiency of the first filter element 9.

[0055] At the same time, when the threaded sleeve 152 slides in the opposite direction, the mounting block 145 will slide relative to the mounting plate 141 under the influence of the avoidance groove 163 and the guide groove 164. At this moment, the extrusion groove 165 on the mounting block 145 will be away from the adapting groove 166 on the brush plate 142. Before that, when the brush plate 142 slides in the opposite direction, it will drive the cleaning bristles 143 to slide to a predetermined position. As the threaded sleeve 152 drives the mounting block 145 to continue to slide in the opposite direction, the connecting spring 144 restores the elastic deformation at this moment, driving the brush plate 142 to slide toward the side close to the mounting plate 141. It happens that the insertion strip 161 is already located inside the cleaning bristles 143. The connecting spring 144 restores the elastic deformation process, driving the brush plate 142 to slide. At this moment, the brush plate 142 drives the cleaning brush plate 142 to slide out of the insertion strip 161, thereby achieving the cleaning effect of the cleaning bristles 143. The cycle is reciprocating, and the use effect is excellent. More specifically, when the reciprocating screw rod 151 does not rotate, the threaded sleeve 152 is located inside the mounting frame 8, and the inserting strip 161 is inserted into the cleaning bristles 143. At the same time, the pitch of the reciprocating screw rod 151 can be set according to the working environment.

[0056] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, a cleaning plate 17 for cleaning the second filter element 11 is provided inside the protective sleeve 10. By providing the cleaning plate 17, the second filter element 11 can be cleaned, so that the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 is difficult to enter the ventilation pipe 7 through the ventilation groove after the second filter element 11 is blocked, so as to avoid affecting the use effect of the induced draft fan 6, and further meet the work needs. The cleaning plate 17 is connected to the reciprocating screw 151 through a transmission mechanism 18. Therefore, when the reciprocating screw 151 is used to clean the first filter element 9, the cleaning plate 17 is used to clean the second filter element 11 passively, which greatly improves the working efficiency of the crusher. When the elastic support plug is away from the ventilation groove, the linkage mechanism 15 and the cleaning mechanism 14 are used to self-clean the first filter element 9, and the transmission mechanism 18 and the cleaning plate 17 are used to self-clean the second filter element 11, which greatly improves the practicality of the crusher.

[0057] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, the transmission mechanism 18 includes a transmission rod 181 rotatably connected to the protective sleeve 10. A transmission gear 182 is provided on the transmission rod 181, and a transmission rack 183 engaged with the transmission gear 182 is slidably connected to the protective sleeve 10. The cleaning plate 17 is installed on the transmission rack 183, and the reciprocating lead screw 151 and the transmission rod 181 are drivingly connected through a synchronization unit 184. Therefore, during use, when the reciprocating lead screw 151 rotates, it will drive the transmission rod 181 to rotate through the synchronization unit 184. Furthermore, the brush plate 142 can be driven to reciprocate within the protective sleeve 10 through the cooperation of the transmission gear 182 and the transmission rack 183 to clean the second filter element 11. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately set up a cleaning device to clean the second filter element 11. During the process of ensuring the pressure balance inside the crushing chamber 4, the cleaning of the first filter element 9 is realized passively, and the cleaning of the second filter element 11 is also realized passively, further improving the practicability of the crusher and meeting the working requirements. The synchronization unit 184 is a prior art, which is a synchronous pulley assembly, and its structure and principle will not be elaborated here. Preferably, folding sealing curtains are provided between the front and rear sides of the transmission rack 183 and the protective sleeve 10, which can automatically unfold and fold when the transmission rack 183 slides, so as to effectively reduce the gas inside the crushing chamber 4 from entering the ventilation pipe 7 from the sliding area of the transmission rack 183, further meeting the working requirements. The folding sealing curtain is a prior art, and its structure and working principle will not be elaborated here.

[0058] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, a vibration unit 19 is provided between the cleaning plate 17 and the transmission rack 183 to improve the cleaning effect of the second filter element 11. By setting the vibration unit 19, vibration can be realized passively during the reciprocating sliding of the cleaning brush inside the protective sleeve 10, and it intermittently abuts against the second filter element 11, so that the second filter element 11 vibrates, further improving the cleaning effect of the second filter element 11. The vibration unit 19 includes a vibration block 191. The cleaning plate 17 and the vibration block 191 are clamped through a clamping member; an installation groove is formed on the transmission rack 183. The vibration block 191 is slidably connected to the transmission rack 183 through a limiting portion, and a vibration spring 192 is provided between the vibration block 191 and the installation groove; a plurality of convex blocks 193 are provided on the protective sleeve 10, and a vibration space 194 is formed between two adjacent convex blocks 193. The vibration block 191 is intermittently clamped with the vibration space 194, so that the cleaning plate 17 intermittently abuts against the second filter element 11, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the second filter element 11.

[0059] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, a feeding member 2 is provided on one side of the processing frame 1, and a discharging member 3 is further provided on the side of the processing frame 1 away from the feeding member 2. Specifically, both the feeding member 2 and the discharging member 3 are of the prior art, which facilitates the feeding of waste plastics and the discharging after crushing, greatly improving the working efficiency of the crusher.

[0060] It should be noted that the electrical equipment involved in this application can be powered by a storage battery or an external power supply.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "provided with", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crusher for waste plastics, comprising a processing frame (1) and a crushing chamber (4) mounted on the processing frame (1), wherein a crushing assembly (5) for crushing plastics is arranged inside the crushing chamber (4), characterized in that: A ventilation pipe (7) is installed on one side of the crushing chamber (4), and an induced draft fan (6) connected to the ventilation pipe (7) is arranged on the processing frame (1), and the induced draft fan (6) extracts the gas inside the crushing chamber (4); A first filter element (9) is installed on the ventilation pipe (7) via a mounting frame (8), and a ventilation slot is also provided on the ventilation pipe (7). A protective sleeve (10) is provided on one side of the ventilation slot of the ventilation pipe (7), and a second filter element (11) is provided inside the protective sleeve (10). Meanwhile, an elastic support and blocking element adapted to the ventilation slot is provided inside the ventilation pipe (7); A cleaning mechanism (14) for cleaning the first filter element (9) is provided on the installation frame (8), and the cleaning mechanism (14) is transmission-connected to the elastic support and blocking element via a linkage mechanism (15); When the first filter element (9) is clogged by dust particles generated by crushing plastic, the gas pressure inside the crushing chamber (4) drives the elastic support sealing element away from the ventilation slot, so that the ventilation slot and the crushing chamber (4) are connected, and the elastic support sealing element is self-cleaned by the linkage mechanism (15) and the cleaning mechanism (14) during the travel of the elastic support sealing element away from the ventilation slot, so that the first filter element (9) is unobstructed.

2. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support blocking member comprises a blocking plate (12); a blocking groove (121) adapted to the blocking plate (12) is provided on the ventilation pipe (7); an elastic pressure unit (13) is provided inside the ventilation pipe (7); the elastic pressure unit (13) drives the blocking plate (12) to be clamped in the blocking groove (121); The elastic pressure unit (13) comprises a mounting frame (131) slidably connected to the ventilation pipe (7), a pressure rod (133) is rotatably connected inside the ventilation pipe (7), a pressure gear (134) is installed on the pressure rod (133), and a pressure rack (135) meshing with the pressure gear (134) is provided on the blocking plate (12); A supporting spring (132) is provided between the mounting frame (131) and the ventilation pipe (7).

3. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (14) comprises a brush plate (142) slidably connected to the mounting frame (8), and the brush plate (142) is provided with a plurality of groups of cleaning bristles (143); The brush plate (142) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (8) via a mounting block (145).

4. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism (15) comprises a linkage shaft (154) rotatably connected to the ventilation pipe (7), and the linkage shaft (154) is transmission-connected to the pressure-applying rod (133) via a synchronous member; A reciprocating screw rod (151) is rotatably connected to the installation frame (8), a threaded sleeve (152) threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod (151) is slidably connected to the installation frame (8), the installation block (145) is installed on the threaded sleeve (152), and a linkage portion (153) is provided between the reciprocating screw rod (151) and the linkage shaft (154).

5. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bristle cleaning member (16) for cleaning the cleaning bristles (143) is provided on the mounting frame (8); The bristle cleaning member (16) comprises a plurality of groups of insert strips (161), and the plurality of groups of insert strips (161) are arranged on the mounting frame (8) via supporting ribs (162); The mounting block (145) is slidably connected to a mounting plate (141) via a limiting unit, a plurality of groups of connecting springs (144) are arranged between the mounting plate (141) and the brush plate (142), and a guide portion is also arranged between the mounting frame (8) and the mounting block (145); The guide portion comprises an avoidance groove (163) provided on the first filter element (9), and a guide groove (164) is provided on the mounting frame (8), an extrusion groove (165) is provided on the inner side of the mounting block (145), and an adaption groove (166) is provided on the brush plate (142); When the driving screw drives the mounting block (145) to slide inside the mounting frame (8), the mounting block (145) is driven to slide through the cooperation of the guide groove (164) and the avoidance groove (163), so that the extrusion groove (165) on the mounting block (145) and the adaption groove (166) of the brush plate (142) cooperate to drive the brush plate (142) to drive the cleaning bristles (143) to abut against the first filter element (9).

6. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cleaning plate (17) for cleaning the second filter element (11) is arranged inside the protective sleeve (10); the cleaning plate (17) is connected to the reciprocating screw rod (151) by a transmission mechanism (18); When the elastic support blocking member moves away from the ventilation slot, the first filter element (9) is self-cleaned through the linkage mechanism (15) and the cleaning mechanism (14), and the second filter element (11) is self-cleaned through the transmission mechanism (18) and the cleaning plate (17).

7. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (18) comprises a transmission rod (181) rotatably connected to the protective sleeve (10), a transmission gear (182) being arranged on the transmission rod (181), and a transmission rack (183) meshing with the transmission gear (182) being slidably connected to the protective sleeve (10), the cleaning plate (17) being mounted on the transmission rack (183), and a reciprocating screw rod (151) and the transmission rod (181) being transmission-connected via a synchronization unit (184).

8. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that: A vibration unit (19) is provided between the cleaning plate (17) and the transmission rack (183) to improve the cleaning effect of the second filter element (11).

9. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vibration unit (19) comprises a vibration block (191), and the cleaning plate (17) is clamped to the vibration block (191) via a clamping piece; The transmission rack (183) is provided with a mounting groove, the vibration block (191) is slidably connected to the transmission rack (183) via a limiting portion, and a vibration spring (192) is provided between the vibration block (191) and the mounting groove; The protective sleeve (10) is provided with a plurality of groups of protrusions (193), a vibration space (194) is formed between two adjacent protrusions (193), and the vibration block (191) is intermittently engaged with the vibration space (194), so that the cleaning plate (17) is intermittently in contact with the second filter element (11).

10. A waste plastic crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: A loading piece (2) is arranged on one side of the processing frame (1), and a unloading piece (3) is also arranged on the side of the processing frame (1) away from the loading piece (2).

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