Wear-resistant solid wood floor surface pasting layer suitable for floor heating system and preparation method of wear-resistant solid wood floor surface pasting layer

Abstract

The invention provides a wear-resistant solid wood floor surface pasting layer suitable for a floor heating system and a preparation method of the wear-resistant solid wood floor surface pasting layer. The pasting layer is composed of modified polyurethane resin, a nanometer aluminum oxide filler, a pigment, a stabilizer, a flexibilizer and a leveling agent, and has the characteristics of heat resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and aging resistance. And coating by adopting a tape casting method or a blade coating method, and treating by adopting a two-stage curing process (80-120 DEG C) to form a high-strength coating. Tests show that the sticking layer has the wear resistance of 5000 revolutions without obvious wear, the heat aging resistance YI is less than or equal to 5, the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 0.5%, and the sticking layer is suitable for long-term use in a high-temperature environment, is environment-friendly and harmless, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer modification of floor surface laminates, and more particularly to a wear-resistant solid wood floor surface laminate suitable for a floor heating system and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of floor heating systems in residential and commercial environments, floor heating floors, as an indispensable part thereof, play a crucial role. The floor heating system heats by radiating heat through the floor. Therefore, the floor material not only needs to have the aesthetics and comfort of traditional floors, but also maintain stable physical properties under high temperature conditions. Since the floor heating system adopts a heat circulation method that operates all year round, the floor surface layer not only needs to have heat resistance, but also needs to resist the physical stress brought about by frequent temperature changes. The requirements for the floor surface layer under high temperature and long-term heat circulation are particularly strict, which requires the floor surface material to have higher heat resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and anti-aging properties.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the floor surface coating materials suitable for floor heating systems mostly rely on traditional polyurethane resins, paints or wood surface treatment agents. Although these materials have certain wear resistance and adhesiveness, in actual use, especially in high temperature environments, these materials often expose a series of problems, affecting the service life and aesthetics of floor heating floors. The following are the main technical problems faced by these traditional materials:

[0004] (1) Insufficient high temperature resistance: Most traditional materials are prone to performance degradation in an environment of long-term high temperature heating. For example, the coating material is prone to thermal oxidation, aging, fading, yellowing and other phenomena, and even softening or peeling occurs under extreme high temperatures, seriously affecting the aesthetics and service life of the floor. Especially under the condition of long-term operation of the floor heating system, the floor surface is often exposed to an environment with large temperature fluctuations, and traditional materials are difficult to maintain their original performance and appearance for a long time.

[0005] (2) Poor wear resistance: During the use of the floor heating system, the floor surface will inevitably experience friction and pressure, resulting in surface wear. If the wear resistance of the surface coating is insufficient, the floor is prone to scratches, wear and even paint peeling, affecting its appearance and use performance. In a commercial environment, due to high pedestrian traffic, insufficient wear resistance will cause serious wear on the floor surface in advance, reducing the life and maintenance cost of the floor.

[0006] (3) Insufficient impact resistance: During long-term use, the floor surface is often impacted by external forces or heavy objects, which can cause cracks, breakage or deformation on the surface. Especially under the high temperature conditions of the floor heating system, the physical strength of the floor material will be reduced, and the cracks will easily expand, thereby accelerating the damage of the floor. This damage not only affects the appearance, but also seriously affects the heat conduction efficiency of the floor heating system, causing local temperature unevenness and reducing the heating effect of the system.

[0007] (4) Poor aging resistance: Traditional coating materials are often affected by thermal cycles during long-term use, which often accelerates the aging process of the material. This aging is not only manifested in the reduction of coating hardness and loss of surface gloss, but may also cause changes in the chemical structure of the material itself, increasing the risk of cracking or falling off. Especially in harsh climatic conditions, such as areas with large temperature differences, the aging speed of the coating is more obvious, resulting in more frequent replacement or repair.

[0008] Therefore, developing a floor heating floor surface coating with better high temperature resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and aging resistance has become a technical problem that the industry needs to solve urgently. The coating not only needs to meet the physical stability under high temperature conditions, but also has strong wear resistance and impact resistance to ensure the long-term stable operation of the floor under the floor heating system. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer suitable for a floor heating system. By selecting a suitable material combination and optimizing the ratio, the surface layer has good heat resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and stability, and can meet the high performance requirements of long-term use of floors in floor heating systems.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the surface layer of the wear-resistant solid wood floor, which can effectively mix the components evenly, and through cast coating and heat curing treatment, the surface layer has good adhesion, uniformity and stability.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, which mainly include:

[0012] A wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer suitable for a floor heating system, the surface layer comprising the following components (by mass):

[0013] Modified polyurethane resin: 30-50 parts;

[0014] Nano-alumina filler: 10-20 parts;

[0015] Pigment: 1-5 parts;

[0016] Stabilizer: 0.5-2 parts;

[0017] Toughening agent: 5 - 10 parts;

[0018] Leveling agent: 0.2 - 1 part;

[0019] The particle size of the nano - alumina filler is 10 - 100 nanometers; the pigment is selected from iron oxide red, titanium dioxide or other inorganic pigments with heat resistance and light resistance.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the surface laminate after curing is 30 - 50 microns.

[0021] Preferably, the modified polyurethane resin is formed by reacting diisocyanate and polyol in a molar ratio of 1.5 - 2.5:1 to form a prepolymer, and then adding a hydroxyl - containing polymer monomer and nano - alumina filler, and forming a cross - linked structure through high - temperature curing to improve its heat resistance and wear resistance;

[0022] Preferably, the particle size of the nano - alumina filler is preferably 30 - 80 nanometers to reduce light scattering while increasing the hardness of the coating; the toughening agent includes polysiloxane elastomer or elastic nanoparticles to enhance the flexibility and impact resistance of the coating.

[0023] Preferably, the leveling agent is a fluorine - containing leveling aid or a polysiloxane leveling agent to optimize the spreading performance of the coating, reduce surface defects, and improve the stain resistance and weather resistance of the coating.

[0024] Preferably, the stabilizer includes an antioxidant and a light stabilizer, wherein the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenols or phosphite esters, and the light stabilizer is selected from ultraviolet absorbers or hindered amines to delay the aging, yellowing and crack generation on the floor surface.

[0025] Preferably, the water absorption rate of the surface laminate is less than 0.5%, which can prevent swelling, deformation or peeling caused by a humid environment and improve the water resistance of the floor.

[0026] A preparation method of a wear - resistant solid wood floor surface laminate applicable to a floor heating system, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Ingredient preparation: Weigh 30 - 50 parts of modified polyurethane resin, 10 - 20 parts of nano - alumina filler, 1 - 5 parts of pigment, 0.5 - 2 parts of stabilizer, 5 - 10 parts of toughening agent and 0.2 - 1 part of leveling agent by mass, and set aside;

[0028] Mixing: Stir the above - mentioned components at high speed under vacuum conditions to ensure that the mixture is uniform and free of bubbles;

[0029] Coating: Coating the uniformly stirred coating material on the surface of the solid wood floor substrate by the casting method;

[0030] Curing: Heat-cure the coating at 100 - 120 °C for 2 hours, then cool it naturally to obtain a wear-resistant solid wood floor surface laminate attached to the surface of the substrate.

[0031] Preferably, maintain a vacuum pressure of -0.1 to -0.5 MPa during the stirring step; control the laminate thickness to 30 - 50 microns during the coating step, and ensure that the surface of the laminate is smooth, flat and bubble-free after curing.

[0032] Preferably, the coating step adopts the casting method or the knife coating method. The casting method is suitable for large-area coating to ensure uniform coating, and the knife coating method is suitable for local repair and fine processing to improve the coating quality and adhesion.

[0033] The curing step adopts a two-stage curing process. The first stage is pre-cured at 80 - 100 °C for 30 - 60 minutes to remove residual solvents and stress, and the second stage is post-cured at 100 - 120 °C for 1 - 2 hours to completely crosslink the coating and improve wear resistance and durability.

[0034] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) Excellent heat resistance: The surface laminate in the present invention significantly improves the high-temperature resistance of the floor surface by using a modified polyurethane resin and nano-aluminum oxide filler. In a floor heating system, the surface laminate can withstand temperature fluctuations and high-temperature environments during long-term use without cracking, deformation or peeling, ensuring long-term stability of the floor surface in a high-temperature environment.

[0036] (2) Enhanced wear resistance: The introduction of nano-aluminum oxide filler makes the surface laminate excellent in wear resistance. The nano-scale filler can improve the surface hardness, enabling it to effectively resist friction and wear during long-term use, maintaining the smoothness and beauty of the floor surface, and greatly extending the service life of the floor.

[0037] (3) Good impact resistance: The surface laminate of the present invention enhances the toughness of the composite material by adding a toughening agent, thereby improving the impact resistance. Even in a high-temperature or long-term use environment, the surface layer can resist large external force impacts and avoid cracks or breakages, ensuring the structural integrity of the floor.

[0038] (4) Superior adhesion: The application of the modified polyurethane resin in the surface laminate ensures good adhesion between the surface laminate and the solid wood floor substrate. Even during long-term high-temperature use, the surface laminate can firmly adhere to the substrate surface without delamination, ensuring the stability of the overall floor structure.

[0039] (5) Environmental friendliness and non-toxicity: The raw materials used in the present invention are low-volatile, low-odor, environmentally friendly materials, which do not contain harmful substances and meet the national environmental protection standards. During use, no toxic gases are released, ensuring the indoor air quality and protecting the health of users.

[0040] (6) Improved aesthetics: Inorganic pigments (such as iron oxide red) are used as dyes, which can not only improve the appearance of the surface laminate, but also provide good heat resistance and light resistance. This makes the surface layer not only have high aesthetics, but also maintain a relatively stable color over long-term use, increasing the overall visual effect of the floor.

[0041] (7) Easy processing and construction: The preparation method of the present invention is simple and easy for large-scale production. Through process steps such as casting coating and thermal curing, it can ensure that the surface laminate is uniform, smooth and bubble-free. The construction process does not require complex equipment or technology, reducing production costs and operation difficulties.

[0042] (8) Wide range of applications: The surface laminate of the present invention is not only applicable to solid wood floors in underfloor heating systems, but also can be widely applied to surface protection coatings of other floors and furniture in high-temperature environments, meeting the needs of various usage scenarios and having good market prospects. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1: Preparation and basic performance testing of the surface laminate for wear-resistant solid wood floors;

[0045] 1. Material formula:

[0046] The materials are prepared according to the mass ratio shown in the following table:

[0047] Component Parts by mass Modified polyurethane resin 40 Nano-aluminum oxide filler 15 Iron oxide red pigment 2 Hindered phenol antioxidant 1 Polysiloxane elastomer (toughening agent) 7 Fluorine-containing leveling agent 0.5

[0048] 2. Preparation steps:

[0049] (1) Batching:

[0050] Weigh the above components and perform pretreatment respectively:

[0051] Modified polyurethane resin: The synthesis method is to stir and react diisocyanate (TDI) and polyol (such as polyether polyol) at a molar ratio of 1.8:1 at 80 °C for 2 hours to generate a prepolymer.

[0052] Nano-aluminum oxide filler: Select a particle size of 50 nm and pre-disperse it in a small amount of solvent (such as xylene) to improve dispersibility.

[0053] Hindered phenol antioxidant: Select BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol) and add it at 80 °C to improve high-temperature stability.

[0054] Polysiloxane elastomer: Enhance impact resistance and reduce cracks.

[0055] Flow leveling agent: Improve coating uniformity and surface smoothness.

[0056] (2) Vacuum stirring:

[0057] Stir all components at high speed for 20 minutes under vacuum conditions (-0.3 MPa), control the stirring temperature at 60 °C, ensure uniform mixing of the materials, and remove the bubbles generated during the mixing process.

[0058] (3) Coating:

[0059] Equipment: Use a casting coater, set the doctor blade thickness to 45 microns, and the coating speed to 2 m / min to ensure uniform coating on the surface of the solid wood floor substrate.

[0060] (4) Curing:

[0061] Adopt a two-stage curing process:

[0062] The first stage (pre-curing): 80 °C, hold for 40 minutes to remove residual solvents and stress.

[0063] The second stage (final curing): 110 °C, hold for 1.5 hours to completely crosslink and cure the coating.

[0064] (5) Cooling and post-treatment:

[0065] After curing, naturally cool to room temperature, and inspect the appearance of the coating to ensure no bubbles, no cracks, and uniform smoothness.

[0066] 3. Performance testing:

[0067] Conduct the following tests on the surface laminate of the prepared wear-resistant solid wood floor:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Example 2: High-temperature resistant and impact-resistant surface laminate;

[0071] In this example, the coating formula is improved to make it more suitable for impact-resistant applications in high-temperature environments, such as the long-term operating environment of the underfloor heating system.

[0072] 1. Material formula:

[0073] Component Parts by mass Modified polyurethane resin 35 Nano-aluminum oxide filler 20 Titanium dioxide (heat-resistant pigment) 3 Phosphite antioxidant 1.5 Elastic nanoparticles (toughening agent) 8 Silicon-containing leveling agent 0.7

[0074] 2. Main optimization points:

[0075] The content of nano-aluminum oxide is increased to 20 parts to enhance the high-temperature resistance performance.

[0076] The toughening agent is replaced with elastic nanoparticles to improve the flexibility and impact resistance performance.

[0077] Titanium dioxide replaces part of iron oxide red to improve the light aging resistance performance.

[0078] 3. Main process adjustments:

[0079] The vacuum stirring pressure is reduced to -0.4 MPa to improve the uniformity.

[0080] The curing temperature is increased to 120 °C to further improve the thermal stability.

[0081] The coating thickness is adjusted to 50 microns to provide better wear resistance and impact resistance.

[0082] 4. Performance tests:

[0083] Performance index Test method Result Abrasion resistance (Taber test) Wear test at 1000 g load and 6000 revolutions No obvious wear Heat aging Aging at 180 °C for 24 hours and observing color change △YI = 3.5 (slight color change) Pencil hardness ASTM D3363 standard 6H Water resistance Appearance change after 24-hour water immersion No swelling, no peeling Adhesion Cross-cut test (ASTM D3359) 5B (no peeling) Impact resistance 2.0 J impact test No crack

[0084] Example 3: Long-term use test in a floor heating environment;

[0085] To verify the durability of the present invention, the surface laminates of the wear-resistant solid wood floors in Examples 1 and 2 are coated on wooden floors and installed in a simulated floor heating system, and operated for 6 months. During this period, the actual use conditions are simulated, including:

[0086] Temperature fluctuation range: 40 - 65 °C;

[0087] Humidity control range: 40 - 80%;

[0088] Daily trampling times: an average of 5000 steps per day;

[0089] Test the surface wear resistance, color change, and cracking condition every month;

[0090] Test results:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Conclusion:

[0094] After 6 months of simulated underfloor heating environment testing, the floor surface layer of the present invention still maintains high wear resistance, heat resistance and stability.

[0095] Suitable for long-term operation of underfloor heating systems, it can effectively extend the service life of solid wood floors and improve their aesthetics and durability.

[0096] In this specification, the various embodiments are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method section.

[0097] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer suitable for floor heating system is characterized by: The surface coating comprises the following components: Modified polyurethane resin: 30-50 parts; Nano-alumina filler: 10-20 parts; Pigment: 1-5 parts; Stabilizer: 0.5-2 parts; Toughening agent: 5-10 parts; Leveling agent: 0.2-1 part; The particle size of the nano-alumina filler is 10-100 nanometers; the pigment is selected from red iron oxide, titanium dioxide or other inorganic pigments with heat resistance and light resistance.

2. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the surface coating after curing is 30-50 microns.

3. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified polyurethane resin is formed by reacting diisocyanate and polyol in a molar ratio of 1.5-2.5:1 to form a prepolymer, and the prepolymer is mixed with a hydroxyl-containing polymer monomer and a nano-alumina filler, and then cured at high temperature to form a cross-linked structure.

4. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano-alumina filler is 30-80 nanometers; the toughening agent includes polysiloxane elastomer or elastic nanoparticles.

5. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling agent is a fluorine-containing leveling agent or a polysiloxane leveling agent.

6. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface veneer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer comprises an antioxidant and a light stabilizer, wherein the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenols or phosphites, and the light stabilizer is selected from ultraviolet absorbers or hindered amines.

7. The wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption rate of the surface coating is lower than 0.5%.

8. A method for preparing a wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer suitable for a floor heating system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Ingredients: weigh 30-50 parts of modified polyurethane resin, 10-20 parts of nano-alumina filler, 1-5 parts of pigment, 0.5-2 parts of stabilizer, 5-10 parts of toughening agent and 0.2-1 parts of leveling agent by mass and set aside; Stirring: Stirring the components at high speed under vacuum conditions to ensure that the mixture is uniform and free of bubbles; Coating: The uniformly stirred coating material is coated on the surface of the solid wood floor substrate by a casting method; Curing: The coating is cured by heating at 100-120° C. for 2 hours, and then cooled naturally to obtain a wear-resistant solid wood floor surface layer attached to the surface of the substrate.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the stirring step, the vacuum pressure is maintained at -0.1 to -0.5 MPa; in the coating step, the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 30-50 microns, and the surface of the coating is ensured to be smooth, flat and free of bubbles after curing.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The coating step adopts a casting method or a blade coating method, wherein the casting method is suitable for large-area coating to ensure uniform coating, and the blade coating method is suitable for local repair and fine processing to improve coating quality and adhesion; The curing step adopts a two-stage curing process. The first stage is pre-curing at 80-100° C. for 30-60 minutes to eliminate residual solvents and stress. The second stage is final curing at 100-120° C. for 1-2 hours to completely cross-link the coating and improve wear resistance and durability.

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