Ring groove type optical-fiber-avoiding perforator with real-time azimuth measurement function

Abstract

The invention discloses an annular groove type optical fiber-avoiding perforator with a real-time azimuth measurement function, which relates to the technical field of perforator equipment and comprises an ignition short section, a driving short section, an annular groove gun barrel and a gun tail detonation short section which are connected in sequence, the driving short section comprises a driving short section shell, an orientation measurement driving module and a driving centralizing rod, a stepped through hole is formed in the driving short section shell, and the driving centralizing rod is matched with the through hole of the driving short section shell through a large-drift-diameter ball bearing; the orientation measurement driving module is arranged in the driving short section shell, the end, stretching into the driving short section shell, of the driving centralizing rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the orientation measurement driving module, and after an ignition command is received, the selective firing module in the annular groove gun barrel supplies power to the detonating assembly in the gun tail detonating short section, the perforating bullet is triggered, and directional perforating is completed. During perforation, positioning of optical fibers outside a sleeve, monitoring of the direction of a perforator and self-adaptive accurate positioning can be achieved, and the problems of burr height after perforation and resistance when a pipe string is lifted up are effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of perforator equipment, and more precisely, to an annular groove type optical fiber avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring has become the latest technical means for hydraulic fracturing monitoring and has played an important role in the development of unconventional resources such as North American shale gas. The distributed optical fiber measurement system is a sensing system for real-time spatial acoustic field and temperature field distribution measurement. It is a distributed and continuous optical fiber sensor. Optical fiber transmission has advantages such as small size, immunity to electromagnetic interference, stable performance, high operating temperature, high measurement accuracy, fast response speed, and large amount of information. Currently, using optical fibers outside the casing to monitor the full-cycle dynamic parameters of oil and gas wells is an emerging mainstream technology abroad, while in China, it is still in its infancy and has great application prospects.

[0003] Bridge-perforating combination operation is an important process for horizontal well sand fracturing stimulation. It mainly transmits the perforating gun and the bridge plug through a cable and uses a hydraulic pumping method to convey the pipe string to the target formation, thereby completing the horizontal well bridge plug sectioning and multi-cluster perforating operations. During the optical fiber arrangement process, it will be lowered into the well together with the casing. Its position cannot be completely distributed straight along a certain direction outside the casing, but will be irregularly wound around the outer wall of the casing. Its position and orientation are difficult to predict and can only be determined after measurement by a specific logging instrument. Moreover, multiple optical fibers may be pre-arranged outside the casing. Due to the above problems, it will greatly increase the construction difficulty of bridge-perforating combination operation and requires extremely precise perforating positioning and orientation accuracy. Otherwise, misfiring will cause the lower part of the optical fiber to fail and the distributed optical fiber in the perforated section cannot be monitored. In conventional directional perforating, due to the possible deviation between the gravity orientation of the cartridge rack and the blind hole azimuth, the burr after shooting will be higher than the outer wall of the perforator, resulting in varying degrees of pipe string sticking during the upward movement. Therefore, how to accurately position the azimuth of the perforator to avoid shooting the optical fiber has become an engineering problem to be solved urgently.

[0004] A Chinese patent document with the authorization announcement number CN215444028U and the authorization announcement date of January 7, 2022 discloses a fiber-optic orientation-avoiding perforating instrument, which relates to the technical field of perforator equipment, including a perforator body and a casing, wherein the casing is slidably connected to the perforator body, and the perforator body includes a first oil pipe, a second oil pipe and a gun tail, and a rotating motor is installed on the top of the second oil pipe, and a spring straightener is installed on the bottom of the second oil pipe. The advantages of this technology are: an MOT tool, an orientation short section, a perforating gun and an induction coil are provided, and no other ground system is required, so that normal system connection and use during logging operations can be achieved. By installing a gravity direction finder, the high position of the inclined well is determined, and the positional relationship between the optical fiber tube and the high position is assisted to find out the signal interference area, and the magnetic changes on the 360° circumference of the wellbore are measured by the induction coil, that is, the metal distribution within the circumference.

[0005] However, when the above device is used, on the one hand, it is necessary to perform lifting measurement signals of the perforator multiple times, which is cumbersome to operate; on the other hand, the magnetic changes on the 360° circumference of the wellbore are measured by the induction coil. In actual application, other factors may cause magnetic changes, so the positioning is not accurate. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a ring-groove type fiber-optic avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement. By using this perforator, the azimuth of the perforator can be accurately positioned, the fiber-optic avoidance can be avoided, and the height of the burrs after shooting can be effectively controlled, thereby solving the problems of conventional directional perforating that cannot be accurately positioned in real time, the difficulty of adaptive precise orientation, and the obstruction of the upper pipe string.

[0007] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: An annular groove type fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement comprises an ignition short section, a driving short section, an annular groove gun barrel and a gun tail detonation short section which are sequentially connected by threads, the driving short section comprises a driving short section housing, an azimuth measurement driving module and a driving righting rod, a stepped through hole 1 is arranged inside the driving short section housing, the driving righting rod extends into an end with a smaller aperture and cooperates with the driving short section housing through a large-diameter ball bearing, and the driving righting rod is provided with a through hole 2 for passing a line; the azimuth measurement driving module is placed inside the driving short section housing, an end of the driving righting rod extending into the driving short section housing is connected to an output shaft of the azimuth measurement driving module through a key, a motor in the azimuth measurement driving module rotates, driving the driving righting rod to rotate, an annulus is formed between the azimuth measurement driving module and the inner wall of an end with a larger aperture of the driving short section housing, the azimuth drive measurement module is used to send an azimuth signal to a ground monitoring end, and the ground monitoring end sends a motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement driving module to perform an angle correction operation.

[0008] The ignition sub is inserted into the annulus and fixedly connected to the drive sub housing; the ignition sub includes an ignition head housing and an ignition head conductive rod. One end of the ignition head housing connected to the drive sub housing is recessed with a cavity for cooperating with the azimuth measurement drive module. The other end of the ignition head housing is provided with a through hole three for the ignition head conductive rod to extend into. The ignition head conductive rod passes through the ignition head housing and is fixed on the ignition head housing by an ignition head nut.

[0009] The gun tail initiating sub includes a gun tail housing, a detonating charge centralizing rod, and an initiating assembly. The detonating charge centralizing rod and the initiating assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the gun tail housing. The detonating charge centralizing rod is cooperated with the gun tail housing through a large-diameter ball bearing.

[0010] Both ends of the annular groove gun barrel are fixedly connected to the drive sub housing and the gun tail housing respectively. A cartridge rack is arranged in the annular groove gun barrel, and a plurality of perforating charges are installed on the cartridge rack. Both ends of the cartridge rack are fixedly connected to the drive centralizing rod and the detonating charge centralizing rod respectively.

[0011] The detonating charge centralizing rod is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is arranged beside the through hole four. The initiating assembly includes an insulating contact centralizing sleeve, an insulating centralizing sleeve gland, a detonating tube, an electric detonator, and a conductive contact. The electric detonator and the conductive contact are coaxially arranged in the cavity of the insulating centralizing sleeve. The open end of the insulating centralizing sleeve is provided with an insulating centralizing sleeve gland, so that the electric detonator and the conductive contact are coaxially fixed in the insulating centralizing sleeve. The detonating charge centralizing rod and the initiating assembly are integrally inserted into the cavity of the gun tail housing, and the detonating charge centralizing rod is cooperated with the gun tail housing through a large-diameter ball bearing. The detonating tube is arranged in the through hole four, one end is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating centralizing sleeve to contact the electric detonator.

[0012] The cartridge rack is also provided with an explosion buffer device and a selective firing module. The explosion buffer device is arranged at one end close to the ignition sub through a thread, and the selective firing module is arranged at one end close to the gun tail initiating sub through a thread.

[0013] The azimuth measurement drive module is fixedly connected to the ignition head housing through a key.

[0014] An ignition head insulating rod is arranged between the ignition head conductive rod and the inner wall of the through hole three. Ignition head upper insulating pads and ignition head lower insulating pads are arranged at the contact positions between both ends of the ignition head conductive rod and the ignition head housing.

[0015] The through hole four is coaxial with the insulating centralizing sleeve. The through hole five is arranged beside the through hole four and has a diameter smaller than that of the through hole four.

[0016] A stainless steel spring is arranged between the electric detonator and the conductive contact.

[0017] The axes of the azimuth measurement drive module, the drive centralizing rod, the cartridge rack, and the detonating charge centralizing rod are all on the same line.

[0018] One end of the detonating cord is wound around the perforating bullet, and the other end is connected to the booster tube.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. The present invention provides a ring-groove type fiber-optic avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, which can monitor the perforation direction of the downhole perforating string in real time, and can adjust the direction through a motor, thereby achieving the effect of pre-setting optical fiber outside the perforation avoidance casing.

[0020] 2. The present invention is provided with an azimuth measurement drive module, which can realize the positioning of the optical fiber outside the casing, real-time monitoring of the azimuth of the perforator, and adaptive precise positioning during the perforating operation through internal motors, chips, etc., and can complete the direction adjustment to achieve the effect of pre-setting the optical fiber outside the casing to avoid perforation.

[0021] 3. The present invention, through the precise positioning of the azimuth measurement drive module, accurately positions the perforating bullet and the annular groove barrel axially, so that the holes are evenly distributed in the annular groove of the annular groove barrel, avoiding burrs higher than the outer wall of the gun body, thereby avoiding the problem of the upper pipe string being stuck.

[0022] 4. In the present invention, an explosion buffer device is provided between the perforating bullet and the driving short section. During perforating, the explosion buffer device can effectively absorb and alleviate the violent vibration generated during the explosion, thereby avoiding damage to the electronic components of the driving short section.

[0023] 5. In the present invention, an ignition head insulating rod and an ignition head insulating pad are arranged between the ignition head housing and the ignition head conductive rod, which can effectively insulate the ignition head from the housing, making the device safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the ring groove-avoiding optical fiber perforator; Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the ignition sub; Figure 3 The structural diagram of the driving nipple; Figure 4 This is the structural diagram of the short explosive section at the tail of the gun.

[0025] Markings in the figure: 1. Ignition nipple; 2. Drive nipple; 3. Explosion buffer device; 4. Cartridge rack; 5. Ring groove barrel; 6. Perforating charge; 7. Selective firing module; 8. Gun tail initiating nipple; 9. Ignition head conducting rod; 10. Ignition head insulating rod; 11. Ignition head housing; 12. Ignition head nut; 13. Upper insulating pad of ignition head; 14. Lower insulating pad of ignition head; 15. Drive nipple housing; 16. Azimuth measurement drive module; 17. Large-diameter ball bearing; 18. Drive centralizer; 19. Booster centralizer; 20. Gun tail housing; 21. Insulating contact centralizer sleeve; 22. Insulating centralizer gland; 23. Booster tube; 24. Electric detonator; 25. Stainless steel spring; 26. Conductive contact point. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 A ring groove type fiber-optic avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, comprising an ignition nipple 1, a drive nipple 2, a ring groove barrel 5 and a gun tail initiating nipple 8 which are sequentially connected by threads. It is characterized in that: the drive nipple 2 includes a drive nipple housing 15, an azimuth measurement drive module 16 and a drive centralizer 18. A stepped through hole 1 is provided inside the drive nipple housing 15. The drive centralizer 18 extends into the end with a smaller aperture and is matched with the drive nipple housing 15 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The drive centralizer 18 is provided with a through hole 2 for wire passing. The azimuth measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the drive nipple housing 15. One end of the drive centralizer 18 extending into the drive nipple housing 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the azimuth measurement drive module 16. An annulus is formed between the azimuth measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the larger-aperture end of the drive nipple housing 15. The azimuth drive measurement module is used to send azimuth signals to the ground monitoring end, and the ground monitoring end sends the motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement drive module 16 to perform angle correction operations.

[0027] In this embodiment, a ring groove type fiber-optic avoidance perforator with real-time azimuth measurement can monitor the perforation direction of the downhole perforation string in real time, and can complete direction adjustment through a motor, achieving the effect of avoiding the pre-placed optical fiber outside the casing.

[0028] Embodiment 2 Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4, a ring groove type fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, comprising an ignition short section 1, a driving short section 2, a ring groove barrel 5 and a gun tail detonation short section 8 connected in sequence by threads; the driving short section 2 comprises a driving short section housing 15, an azimuth measurement driving module 16 and a driving righting rod 18, a stepped through hole 1 is provided inside the driving short section housing 15, the driving righting rod 18 extends into the end with a smaller aperture and cooperates with the driving short section housing 15 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17, and the driving righting rod 18 is provided with a Through hole two for passing the wire; the azimuth measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the driving short section housing 15, and the end of the driving straightening rod 18 extending into the driving short section housing 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the azimuth measurement drive module 16, and an annulus is formed between the azimuth measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the end with a larger aperture of the driving short section housing 15. The azimuth drive measurement module is used to send the azimuth signal to the ground monitoring end, and the ground monitoring end sends the motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement drive module 16 to perform an angle correction operation.

[0029] Furthermore, the ignition short section 1 extends into the annulus and is fixedly connected to the driving short section housing 15; the ignition short section 1 includes an ignition head housing 11 and an ignition head conductive rod 9, and one end of the ignition head housing 11 connected to the driving short section housing 15 is concavely provided with a cavity that cooperates with the azimuth measurement drive module 16, and the other end of the ignition head housing 11 is provided with a through hole three for the ignition head conductive rod 9 to extend into, and the ignition head conductive rod 9 passes through the ignition head housing 11 and is fixed to the ignition head housing 11 by an ignition head nut 12.

[0030] Furthermore, the gun tail detonating short section 8 includes a gun tail shell 20, a detonating righting rod 19 and a detonating assembly. The detonating righting rod 19 and the detonating assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the gun tail shell 20. The detonating righting rod 19 cooperates with the gun tail shell 20 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17.

[0031] Furthermore, the two ends of the annular groove barrel 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the driving short section housing 15 and the gun tail housing 20, and a bullet rack 4 is arranged in the annular groove barrel 5, and a plurality of perforating bullets 6 are installed on the bullet rack 4, and the two ends of the bullet rack 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the driving righting rod 18 and the detonation righting rod 19.

[0032] Furthermore, the detonation transmission and righting rod 19 is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is provided on the four sides of the through hole. The detonation assembly includes an insulating contact righting sleeve 21, an insulating righting sleeve pressure cover 22, a detonation tube 23, an electric detonator 24 and a conductive contact 26. The electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially arranged in the cavity of the insulating righting sleeve, and the opening of the insulating righting sleeve is provided with an insulating righting sleeve pressure cover 22, so that the electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially fixed in the insulating righting sleeve; the detonation transmission and righting rod 19 and the detonation assembly are integrally extended into the cavity of the gun tail shell 20, and the detonation transmission and righting rod 19 is matched with the gun tail shell 20 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17, and the detonation tube 23 is arranged in the through hole four, one end of which is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating righting sleeve and contacts with the electric detonator 24.

[0033] Furthermore, the bomb rack 4 is also provided with an explosion buffer device 3 and a selective firing module 7. The explosion buffer device 3 is threadedly arranged at one end close to the ignition short section 1, and the selective firing module 7 is threadedly arranged at one end close to the gun tail detonation short section 8.

[0034] Example 3 Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A ring groove type fiber optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement includes an ignition short section 1, a drive short section 2, an explosion buffer device 3, a bomb rack 4, a ring groove barrel 5, a perforating bullet 6, a selective firing module 7, and a gun tail detonation short section 8. After the ring groove fiber optic perforator is put into the well, the cable will be connected to the ignition short section 1 through a threaded connection to power the entire perforator and complete data transmission. During the downhole process, the azimuth measurement drive module 16 can detect the well inclination of the perforator and the azimuth of the bomb rack 4 in real time and upload it to the ground control system in real time. When the perforator reaches the target layer, the built-in single chip microcomputer of the azimuth measurement drive module 16 begins to determine whether the perforation azimuth of the bomb rack 4 is consistent with the construction plan at this time. If not, the azimuth can be corrected by the front-end micro motor until the perforation azimuth meets the requirements. Then the single chip microcomputer supplies power to the selective firing module 7. After receiving the ignition command, the selective firing module 7 supplies power to the electric detonator 24, detonates the detonator 23, and then triggers the detonating cord and the perforating bullet 6 to complete the directional perforation. During perforation, the explosion buffer device 3 can effectively absorb and mitigate the violent vibration generated during the explosion, avoiding damage to the electronic components of the driving short section 2. After perforation, due to the precise axial positioning of the perforating bullet 6 and the annular groove barrel 5, the holes are evenly distributed in the annular groove of the annular groove barrel 5, avoiding burrs higher than the outer wall of the gun body, thereby avoiding the problem of the upper pipe string being stuck.

[0035] Further, refer to Figure 2, the ignition sub - section 1 includes an ignition head conducting rod 9, an ignition head insulating rod 10, an ignition head housing 11, an ignition head nut 12, an upper ignition head insulating pad 13, and a lower ignition head insulating pad 14. The materials of the ignition head insulating rod 10, the upper ignition head insulating pad 13, and the lower ignition head insulating pad 14 are nylon, which can directly insulate the ignition head conducting rod 9 from the ignition head housing 11. The ignition head nut 12 is thread - connected to the ignition head conducting rod 9 to play a fastening role. The upper end of the ignition head housing 11 can be connected to a cable to supply power downward and transmit data.

[0036] Further, referring to Figure 3 , the drive sub - section 2 includes a drive sub - section housing 15, an azimuth measurement drive module 16, a large - diameter ball bearing 17, and a drive centralizer rod 18. The inner ring of the large - diameter ball bearing 17 is fitted with the drive centralizer rod 18, and the outer ring is fitted with the drive sub - section housing 15, enabling the centralizer rod to rotate freely in the circumferential direction. The azimuth measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the drive sub - section housing 15. The housing of the azimuth measurement drive module 16 is made of nylon material, which can effectively insulate it from the housing. The outer shell of the azimuth measurement drive module 16 is key - connected to the inner wall of the ignition head housing 11 to effectively limit circumferential rotation, so as to output rotational torque. The front - end output shaft of the azimuth measurement drive module 16 is key - connected to the drive centralizer rod 18 to transmit rotational torque. The through - hole of the drive centralizer rod 18 can serve as a wire - passing channel.

[0037] Further, referring to Figure 4 , the gun - tail initiation sub - section 8 is designed with a detonating centralizer rod 19, a gun - tail housing 20, an insulating contact centralizer sleeve 21, an insulating centralizer sleeve gland 22, a detonating tube 23, an electric detonator 24, a stainless - steel spring 25, and a conductive contact 26. The inner ring of the large - diameter ball bearing 17 is fitted with the detonating centralizer rod 19, and the outer ring is fitted with the gun - tail housing 20, enabling the centralizer rod to rotate freely in the circumferential direction. The detonating centralizer rod 19 has two through - holes. Through - hole five can pass the ignition wire led out from the selection - firing module 7. Through - hole four can penetrate the detonating cord, and the front - most end of the detonating cord is the detonating tube 23. Under the action of the stainless - steel spring 25 and the conductive contact 26, the electric detonator 24 can be closely attached to the detonating tube 23 to ensure smooth initiation and detonation. The materials of the insulating contact centralizer sleeve 21 and the insulating centralizer sleeve gland 22 are nylon, which have good insulating properties.

[0038] Example 4 Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4, a ring groove type fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, comprising an ignition short section 1, a driving short section 2, a ring groove barrel 5 and a gun tail detonation short section 8 which are sequentially connected by threads, characterized in that: the driving short section 2 comprises a driving short section housing 15, an azimuth measurement driving module 16 and a driving righting rod 18, a stepped through hole 1 is provided inside the driving short section housing 15, the driving righting rod 18 extends into the end with a smaller aperture and cooperates with the driving short section housing 15 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17, and the driving righting rod 18 is provided There is a through hole two for passing the line; the azimuth measurement drive module 16 is placed inside the driving short section housing 15, and the end of the driving straightening rod 18 extending into the driving short section housing 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the azimuth measurement drive module 16, and an annulus is formed between the azimuth measurement drive module 16 and the inner wall of the end with a larger aperture of the driving short section housing 15. The azimuth dynamic measurement module is used to send the azimuth signal to the ground monitoring end, and the ground monitoring end sends the motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement drive module 16 to perform an angle correction operation.

[0039] Furthermore, the ignition short section 1 extends into the annulus and is fixedly connected to the driving short section housing 15; the ignition short section 1 includes an ignition head housing 11 and an ignition head conductive rod 9, and one end of the ignition head housing 11 connected to the driving short section housing 15 is concavely provided with a cavity that cooperates with the azimuth measurement drive module 16, and the other end of the ignition head housing 11 is provided with a through hole three for the ignition head conductive rod 9 to extend into, and the ignition head conductive rod 9 passes through the ignition head housing 11 and is fixed to the ignition head housing 11 by an ignition head nut 12, thereby playing a tightening role.

[0040] Furthermore, the gun tail detonating short section 8 includes a gun tail shell 20, a detonating righting rod 19 and a detonating assembly. The detonating righting rod 19 and the detonating assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the gun tail shell 20. The detonating righting rod 19 cooperates with the gun tail shell 20 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17.

[0041] Furthermore, the two ends of the annular groove barrel 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the driving short section housing 15 and the gun tail housing 20, and a bullet rack 4 is arranged in the annular groove barrel 5, and a plurality of perforating bullets 6 are installed on the bullet rack 4, and the two ends of the bullet rack 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the driving righting rod 18 and the detonation righting rod 19.

[0042] Further, the detonating booster rod 19 is provided with a fourth through hole, and a fifth through hole is arranged beside the fourth through hole. The detonating assembly includes an insulating contact centering sleeve 21, an insulating centering sleeve gland 22, a detonating tube 23, an electric detonator 24, and a conductive contact 26. An electric detonator 24 and a conductive contact 26 are coaxially arranged in the cavity of the insulating centering sleeve. The open end of the insulating centering sleeve is provided with an insulating centering sleeve gland 22, so that the electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26 are coaxially fixed in the insulating centering sleeve. The detonating booster rod 19 and the detonating assembly as a whole extend into the cavity of the gun breech housing 20, and the detonating booster rod 19 is matched with the gun breech housing 20 through a large-diameter ball bearing 17. The detonating tube 23 is arranged in the fourth through hole, one end is connected with the detonating cord, and the other end extends into the insulating centering sleeve and contacts the electric detonator 24. The insulating contact centering sleeve 21 and the insulating centering sleeve gland 22 are made of nylon material and have good insulation performance.

[0043] Further, an explosion buffer device 3 and a selective firing module 7 are also arranged on the cartridge rack 4. The explosion buffer device 3 is arranged at one end close to the ignition sub-section 1 through a thread, and the selective firing module 7 is arranged at one end close to the gun breech detonating sub-section 8 through a thread.

[0044] Further, the azimuth measurement driving module 16 is fixedly connected with the ignition head housing 11 through a key. The outer shell of the azimuth measurement driving module 16 and the inner wall of the ignition head housing 11 are connected through a key, which can effectively limit the circumferential rotation so as to output the rotation torque. The housing of the azimuth measurement driving module 16 is made of nylon material and can be effectively insulated from the housing.

[0045] Further, an ignition head insulating rod 10 is arranged between the ignition head conductive rod 9 and the inner wall of the third through hole. Ignition head upper insulating pads 13 and ignition head lower insulating pads 14 are arranged at the contact positions between the two ends of the ignition head conductive rod 9 and the ignition head housing 11. The ignition head insulating rod 10, the ignition head upper insulating pads 13, and the ignition head lower insulating pads 14 are made of nylon, which can directly insulate the ignition head conductive rod 9 from the ignition head housing 11.

[0046] Further, the fourth through hole is coaxial with the insulating centering sleeve. The fifth through hole is arranged beside the fourth through hole and has a diameter smaller than that of the fourth through hole. The fifth through hole can pass the ignition wire led out by the selective firing module 7, and the fourth through hole can penetrate the detonating cord.

[0047] Further, a stainless steel spring 25 is arranged between the electric detonator 24 and the conductive contact 26. Under the action of the stainless steel spring 25 and the conductive contact 26, the electric detonator 24 can be closely attached to the detonating tube 23 to ensure smooth detonation and transmission of detonation.

[0048] Further, the axes of the azimuth measurement driving module 16, the driving centering rod 18, the cartridge rack 4, and the detonating booster rod 19 are all on the same line.

[0049] Furthermore, one end of the detonating cord is wound around the perforating bullet 6 , and the other end is connected to the booster tube 23 .

[0050] After the annular groove fiber-optic perforator is put into the well, the cable will be connected to the ignition short section 11 through a threaded connection to power the entire perforator and complete data transmission. During the downhole process, the azimuth measurement drive module 16 can detect the well inclination of the perforator and the azimuth of the bomb rack 4 in real time and upload it to the ground control system in real time. When the perforator reaches the target layer, the built-in single-chip microcomputer of the azimuth measurement drive module 16 begins to determine whether the perforation azimuth of the bomb rack 4 is consistent with the construction plan at this time. If not, the azimuth correction can be performed through the front-end micro-motor until the perforation azimuth meets the requirements. Then the single-chip microcomputer supplies power to the selection module 7. After receiving the ignition command, the selection module 7 supplies power to the electric detonator 24, detonates the detonator 23, and then triggers the detonating cord and the perforating bullet 6 to complete the directional perforation. During perforation, the perforation direction of the downhole perforating pipe string can be monitored in real time, and the direction can be adjusted by the motor, which plays the role of pre-setting the optical fiber outside the casing to avoid the shooting. The explosion buffer device 3 can effectively absorb and alleviate the violent vibration generated during the explosion, and avoid damage to the electronic components of the driving short section 2. After perforating, due to the precise axial positioning of the perforating bullet 6 and the annular groove barrel 5, the holes are evenly distributed in the annular groove of the annular groove barrel 5, avoiding the burrs being higher than the outer wall of the gun body, thereby avoiding the problem of the upper pipe string being stuck.

Claims

1. A ring groove type fiber-optic perforator with real-time azimuth measurement, comprising an ignition short section (1), a driving short section (2), a ring groove gun barrel (5) and a gun tail detonation short section (8) which are sequentially connected by threads. Features: The driving pup joint (2) comprises a driving pup joint housing (15), an azimuth measurement driving module (16) and a driving righting rod (18); a stepped through hole 1 is provided inside the driving pup joint housing (15); the driving righting rod (18) extends into the end with a smaller hole diameter and cooperates with the driving pup joint housing (15) through a large-diameter ball bearing (17); the driving righting rod (18) is provided with a through hole 2 for passing a wire; the azimuth measurement driving module (16) is placed inside the driving pup joint housing (15); the driving righting rod (18) is provided with a stepped through hole 1 8) One end extending into the driving short section housing (15) is connected to the output shaft of the azimuth measurement driving module (16) via a key, and the motor in the azimuth measurement driving module (16) rotates, driving the driving straightening rod (18) to rotate. An annulus is formed between the azimuth measurement driving module (16) and the inner wall of the driving short section housing (15) at the end with a larger aperture. The azimuth drive measurement module is used to send an azimuth signal to a ground monitoring end, and the ground monitoring end sends a motor rotation angle signal to the azimuth measurement driving module (16) to perform an angle correction operation.

2. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 1, Features: The ignition short section (1) extends into the annular space and is fixedly connected to the driving short section housing (15); the ignition short section (1) comprises an ignition head housing (11) and an ignition head conductive rod (9); one end of the ignition head housing (11) connected to the driving short section housing (15) is concavely provided with a cavity that cooperates with the azimuth measurement drive module (16); the other end of the ignition head housing (11) is provided with a through hole three for the ignition head conductive rod (9) to extend into; the ignition head conductive rod (9) passes through the ignition head housing (11) and is fixed to the ignition head housing (11) by an ignition head nut (12).

3. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 1, Features: The gun tail detonating short section (8) comprises a gun tail housing (20), a detonating transmission and righting rod (19) and a detonating assembly. The detonating transmission and righting rod (19) and the detonating assembly are fixedly connected and extend into the cavity of the gun tail housing (20). The detonating transmission and righting rod (19) cooperates with the gun tail housing (20) via a large-diameter ball bearing (17).

4. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 1, Features: The two ends of the annular groove gun barrel (5) are respectively fixedly connected to the driving short section housing (15) and the gun tail housing (20); a bullet rack (4) is arranged in the annular groove gun barrel (5); a plurality of perforating bullets (6) are mounted on the bullet rack (4); and the two ends of the bullet rack (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the driving righting rod (18) and the detonation transmission righting rod (19).

5. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 3, Features: The detonation transmission and righting rod (19) is provided with a through hole four, and a through hole five is provided beside the through hole four. The detonation assembly comprises an insulating contact righting sleeve (21), an insulating righting sleeve pressure cover (22), a detonation tube (23), an electric detonator (24) and a conductive contact (26). The electric detonator (24) and the conductive contact (26) are coaxially arranged in the cavity of the insulating righting sleeve. The insulating righting sleeve pressure cover (22) is provided at the open end of the insulating righting sleeve, so that the electric detonator (24) and the conductive contact (26) are coaxially fixed in the insulating righting sleeve. The detonation transmission and righting rod (19) and the detonation assembly are integrally extended into the cavity of the gun tail shell (20), and the detonation transmission and righting rod (19) cooperates with the gun tail shell (20) through a large-diameter ball bearing (17). The detonation tube (23) is arranged in the through hole four, one end of which is connected to the detonating cord, and the other end of which extends into the insulating righting sleeve to contact the electric detonator (24).

6. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 4, Features: The bomb rack (4) is also provided with an explosion buffer device (3) and a selective firing module (7); the explosion buffer device (3) is arranged at one end close to the ignition short section (1) through a thread, and the selective firing module (7) is arranged at one end close to the gun tail detonation short section (8) through a thread.

7. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 1, Features: The azimuth measurement drive module (16) is fixedly connected to the ignition head housing (11) via a key.

8. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 2, Features: An ignition head insulating rod (10) is arranged between the ignition head conductive rod (9) and the inner wall of the through hole three, and an ignition head upper insulating pad (13) and an ignition head lower insulating pad (14) are arranged at the contact points between the two ends of the ignition head conductive rod (9) and the ignition head housing (11).

9. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 5, Features: The through hole four is coaxial with the insulating straightening sleeve, and the through hole five is arranged beside the through hole four and has a smaller diameter than the through hole four.

10. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 5, Features: A stainless steel spring (25) is provided between the electric detonator (24) and the conductive contact (26).

11. The annular groove type fiber-free perforator with real-time azimuth measurement according to claim 5, Features: One end of the detonating cord is wound around the perforating bullet (6), and the other end is connected to the booster tube (23).

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