Bidirectional damping type spring mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional damping type spring mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of dampers and comprises a mounting seat, a piston rod and an elastic element, the piston rod movably penetrates through the mounting seat, the elastic element is used for applying acting force between the mounting seat and the piston rod, and the relative sliding surface of the mounting seat and the piston rod is filled with a damping medium. And the damping self-recovery motion form of the spring combined mechanism is realized through the interaction of the damping medium and the elastic element. The damping medium is a liquid medium, the liquid damping medium forms damping force through viscous force, the external acting force of the elastic element cannot be changed, only the stress change speed of the elastic element is reduced, and the effect of eliminating high-frequency resonance is achieved in the working process of the elastic element. The damping effect of the spring mechanism can be adjusted by changing the viscosity of the damping medium. As the damping medium does not need to bear a high-pressure state, the sealing requirement on the spring mechanism is obviously reduced, and the service life is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dampers, and specifically relates to a two-way damping spring mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of mechanical equipment, precision instruments, automation equipment, etc., the functional requirements for elastic elements are becoming increasingly diversified and personalized, and different application scenarios put forward different requirements for the performance of elastic elements: for example, high-speed moving mechanisms rely on the fast rebound performance of elastic elements to improve response efficiency; precision positioning systems require elastic elements to provide a constant thrust to maintain stability; energy storage devices utilize the deformation energy storage characteristics of elastic elements to achieve energy recovery; and shock absorption mechanisms need to suppress vibration transmission through the damping characteristics of elastic elements.

[0003] Among them, wire springs can quickly release the stored elastic potential energy due to their high elastic modulus and rebound coefficient, but their inherent stiffness characteristics are prone to resonance phenomena. Especially in the case of periodic loads or high-frequency excitation conditions, the resonance problem will lead to a decrease in system stability and even cause structural fatigue damage. Rubber springs provide shock absorption functions through the viscoelasticity of polymer materials, but their rebound coefficients are significantly affected by factors such as temperature and aging, and performance attenuation is likely to occur during long-term use, and low-frequency resonance problems cannot be avoided. Gas springs and hydraulic springs can achieve damping motion, but the damping speed of gas springs is limited by the design of the sealing structure and it is difficult to achieve dynamic adjustment; hydraulic springs have a non-linear characteristic due to the fluid viscosity and pipeline resistance, resulting in a damping response lag and low control accuracy. In addition, both of them rely on high-pressure sealing technology, and medium leakage is likely to occur due to seal failure during long-term use.

[0004] The patent with the publication number CN221501506U provides a shock-absorbing hanger assembly for a washing machine, and the core structure lies in the composite elastic element applied to the side wall of the sleeve. When the sleeve slides, the viscous damping sleeve in the composite elastic element slides between two buffer washers and provides an axial blocking force for the sleeve. Further, a frictional damping force is generated between the frictional damping cylinder and the inner side wall of the chamber to weaken the radial vibration of the sleeve. However, the blocking force of the composite elastic element is achieved through the sliding friction of solid materials, which has anti-elasticity and will change the magnitude of the force exerted by the elastic element on the outside during the action, and the solid elastic element still has resonance effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-way damping spring mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the above prior art.

[0006] Provide a two-way damping spring mechanism, including:

[0007] A mounting seat, a piston rod and an elastic element, wherein the piston rod movably passes through the mounting seat, the elastic element is used to apply an elastic force between the mounting seat and the piston rod, and the relative sliding surfaces of the mounting seat and the piston rod are filled with a damping medium.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the elastic element is a compression spring, and the compression spring is clamped between the mounting seat and the piston rod.

[0009] The compression spring is clamped between the mounting seat and the piston rod to provide linear elastic force. The compression spring can provide a high elastic modulus due to its inherent stiffness. Combining the compression spring with a liquid damping medium can eliminate the resonance phenomenon of the spring mechanism while providing a wide range of usage scenarios, and can delay the rebound speed of the compression spring, providing a basis for applications where there are speed requirements for the release of elastic force.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: an inner wall of the mounting seat is provided with a receiving groove along the circumferential direction, and the damping medium is filled in the receiving groove.

[0011] The receiving groove on the inner wall of the mounting seat is used to evenly fill the damping medium, so that the damping medium has a certain laminar thickness and ensures that the interaction force between the damping medium fluid layers is fully exerted. The receiving groove is an annular groove to ensure that the damping medium completely covers the sliding surface to avoid local uneven friction.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the side wall of the mounting seat is penetrated by an oil delivery hole connected to the accommodating groove.

[0013] The oil delivery hole is connected to the receiving tank for filling or replacing the damping medium. Damping media of different viscosities are injected through the oil delivery hole to achieve dynamic adjustment of the damping coefficient.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the inner thread of the oil delivery hole is connected with a plug.

[0015] The plug is matched with the oil delivery hole through threads to ensure sealing reliability. When the damping medium works in a high temperature environment, the damping medium expands due to the high temperature, and the mechanical locking force of the threaded connection can ensure that the plug will not be opened due to the impact of the internal stress of the damping medium.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: inner walls of the mounting seat adjacent to both ends of the damping medium are respectively provided with sealing members.

[0017] The seals are located at both ends of the damping medium and use O-rings or lip seals to prevent leakage of the damping medium or intrusion of external contaminants.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: one end of the piston rod that cooperates with the elastic element is detachably connected with a baffle.

[0019] The baffle is connected to the end of the piston rod through threads or a snap ring to limit the elastic element. The detachable structure facilitates the replacement of the elastic element or the adjustment of the pre-tightening force.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a stop boss is formed by the end of the piston rod extending radially, and a stop groove that can cooperate with the stop boss is formed by the end of the through hole of the mounting seat recessing inward.

[0021] The stop boss of the piston rod cooperates with the stop groove of the mounting seat to limit the stroke of the piston rod, prevent the elastic element from being compressed or stretched beyond the stroke, and avoid plastic deformation.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a mating portion is provided at the end of the piston rod.

[0023] The mating portion at the end of the piston rod can be designed as a thread, a card slot, a screw hole, etc. to connect external workpieces and be compatible with different installation requirements.

[0024] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a mounting flange is provided on the mounting seat.

[0025] The mounting flange is fixed to the external device through bolt holes, simplifying the connection process between the spring mechanism and the host. The flange structure disperses the load and reduces local stress concentration.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The combined damping force return motion form of the spring mechanism is realized through the interaction between the damping medium and the elastic element. The damping medium is a liquid medium, and the liquid damping medium forms a damping force through viscous force, which does not change the magnitude of the force exerted by the elastic element on the outside, but only reduces the stress change speed of the elastic element, enabling the elastic element to achieve the effect of eliminating high-frequency resonance during the working process.

[0028] 2. By changing the damping media with different viscosities, the damping effect of the spring mechanism can be adjusted, and the damping effect is easy to adjust. Since the damping medium does not need to bear a high-pressure state, the sealing requirement for the spring mechanism is significantly reduced, and the service life is long.

[0029] 3. Since the damping medium changes the stress change speed of the elastic element, this spring mechanism is convenient for meeting the occasions with speed requirements for the release of elastic force. Description of the Drawings

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present drawings or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present drawings. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram A of the usage state of a two-way damping spring mechanism;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram B of the usage state of a two-way damping spring mechanism;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base provided by the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, mounting base; 11, receiving groove; 12, oil delivery hole; 13, plug; 14, mounting flange; 15, stop groove; 2, piston rod; 21, baffle; 22, stop boss; 23, mating part; 3, elastic element; 4, damping medium; 5, seal. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following will describe and explain the present invention in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, the present invention can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those of ordinary skill in the art related to the content disclosed by the present invention, some design, manufacturing or production changes made based on the technical content disclosed by the present invention are only conventional technical means and should not be understood as the content disclosed by the present invention being insufficient.

[0037] However, there may be cases where unnecessary detailed descriptions are omitted. For example, there are cases where detailed descriptions of well-known matters and repeated descriptions of actually identical structures are omitted. This is to prevent the following descriptions from becoming unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art. In addition, the accompanying drawings and the following descriptions are provided for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-3 As shown, the bi-directional damping spring mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention includes a mounting seat 1, a piston rod 2, and an elastic element 3. The piston rod 2 movably penetrates through the mounting seat 1. The elastic element 3 is used to apply an elastic force between the mounting seat 1 and the piston rod 2. A damping medium 4 is filled on the relative sliding surfaces of the mounting seat 1 and the piston rod 2.

[0039] The mounting seat 1 is mounted on the base surface of the action scenario to transfer the internal stress in the spring mechanism to the base. When the piston rod 2 moves relative to the mounting seat 1, the elastic element 3 provides a basic elastic force. The damping medium 4 is a liquid medium filled in the relative sliding surfaces of the mounting seat 1 and the piston rod 2, and forms a damping force through viscous resistance. The elastic element 3 and the damping medium 4 jointly form a combined damping self-return effect. The liquid medium has no elastic hysteresis and only delays the stress change speed of the elastic element 3. The elastic element 3 and the damping medium 4 cooperate with each other to achieve slow reset after the elastic element 3 is stretched or compressed. The liquid damping medium 4 has no inherent stiffness, and the high-frequency vibration energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated. The high-frequency vibration energy is absorbed through viscous damping to eliminate the resonance phenomenon of the elastic element 3.

[0040] The elastic element 3 is a linear transmission spring such as a helical compression spring or a rubber spring. The linear conduction direction is the same as the sliding direction of the piston rod 2 to avoid uneven friction force distribution caused by eccentric loading of the piston rod 2.

[0041] The inner wall of the mounting seat 1 is provided with a receiving groove 11 along the circumferential direction. The receiving groove 11 is a groove structure arranged continuously in a ring along the inner wall of the mounting seat 1. The damping medium 4 is filled in the receiving groove 11. Chamfers or arc transitions are provided at the edges of the receiving groove 11 to avoid contact and wear between the piston rod 2 and the sharp edges. The arrangement of the chamfers increases the contact effect between the piston rod 2 and the damping medium 4 to a certain extent, so that the viscous force on the surface of the damping medium 4 is quickly triggered when the piston rod 2 moves, and the interlayer viscous force is conducted deep into the damping medium 4 in the first time.

[0042] The spring mechanism is arranged in a single-compression spring form. A single elastic element 3 is installed between the mounting base 1 and the piston rod 2. The spring guide column surface formed on the outer wall of the mounting base 1 guides the movement direction of the elastic element 3. The damping medium 4 is filled in the receiving groove 11 of the mounting base 1, covering the sliding surface of the piston rod 2. One end of the elastic element 3 is fixed to the positioning platform of the mounting base 1, and the other end is cooperatively limited with one end of the piston rod 2. The other end of the piston rod 2 penetrates through the inside of the mounting base 1 and exits from the mounting base 1.

[0043] A suitable release gap should be reserved between the elastic element 3 and the spring guide column surface of the mounting base 1 to prevent the elastic element 3 from having poor movement during operation.

[0044] The mounting base 1 is provided with a mounting flange 14 for realizing threaded connection between the two-way damping spring mechanism and the external mounting base surface.

[0045] One end of the piston rod 2 that cooperates with the elastic element 3 is detachably connected with a baffle 21. The baffle 21 and the piston rod 2 can be connected by threads, snap rings or bolts, providing a limiting platform for the elastic element 3, so that the elastic element 3 is limited between the baffle 21 and the stop surface of the mounting base 1. The baffle 21 can be provided with two-way mounting holes. On the one hand, it can achieve detachable connection with the piston rod 2, and on the other hand, it can be connected with the moving workpiece and conduct the acting force of the moving workpiece.

[0046] For the convenience of description, in the following text, the end of the piston rod 2 assembled with the baffle 21 is called the stop end of the piston rod 2, and the end of the piston rod 2 far from the baffle 21 is called the penetrating end of the piston rod 2.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the moving workpiece is fixedly connected to the penetrating end of the piston rod 2 by means of threads or the like. When the moving workpiece is stretched and moves away from the mounting base 1 due to an external force, the elastic element 3 compresses and stores energy. After the external force is withdrawn, the elastic element 3 releases the elastic force to push the piston rod 2 to reset. The moving workpiece will, due to the combined action of the elastic element 3 and the damping medium 4, realize a damping movement towards the mounting base 1. At the same time, the damping medium 4 slows down the rebound speed and eliminates high-frequency vibration.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the moving workpiece is fixedly connected to the stop end of the piston rod 2 by means of threads or the like. When the moving workpiece is compressed and moves towards the mounting base 1 due to an external force, the elastic element 3 compresses and stores energy. After the external force is withdrawn, the elastic element 3 releases the elastic force to push the piston rod 2 to reset. The moving workpiece will, due to the combined action of the elastic element 3 and the damping medium 4, realize a damping movement away from the mounting base 1. At the same time, the damping medium 4 slows down the rebound speed and eliminates high-frequency vibration.

[0049] That is, by adjusting the mounting end of the movable workpiece and the piston rod 2, the tensile or compressive damping motion of the movable workpiece can be realized while maintaining the compressive linear deformation of the elastic element 3, and the damping return can be realized when the movable workpiece is released, so as to be combined with a mechanism with motion time or speed requirements, or used in occasions with resonance isolation requirements. It has the advantages of compact system structure and stable performance.

[0050] The side wall of the mounting seat 1 is penetrated by an oil delivery hole 12 connected to the receiving groove 11. The oil delivery hole 12 is used to inject the damping medium 4 into the receiving groove 11, or discharge the damping medium 4 for easy replacement. By injecting damping medium 4 with different viscosities, dynamic adjustment of the damping coefficient is achieved.

[0051] The damping medium 4 is poured in through the oil delivery hole 12 on the mounting seat 1. After completion, the plug 13 is screwed into the thread of the oil delivery hole 12 to complete the filling of the damping medium 4. After the plug 13 is screwed in, it is necessary not to protrude from the spring guide cylinder surface of the mounting seat 1 to avoid interference with the elastic element 3.

[0052] The inner walls of the mounting seat 1 adjacent to the two ends of the damping medium 4 are respectively provided with seals 5, and the seals 5 are O-rings or lip seals. The seals 5 are installed in the sealing grooves of the mounting seat 1, and the number of the sealing grooves is one or more at each end of the receiving groove 11. The piston rod 2 is passed through the mounting seat 1, and the piston rod 2 is in close compression contact with the seal 5, and the piston rod 2 can slide relative to the seal 5.

[0053] The through end of the piston rod 2 extends radially to form a stop boss 22, and the through hole end of the mounting seat 1 is recessed inward to form a stop groove 15 that can cooperate with the stop boss 22, which is used to limit the movable stroke of the piston rod 2, thereby constraining the deformation degree of the elastic element 3 after the force is applied, preventing the elastic element 3 from being compressed or stretched due to over-stroke, and avoiding plastic deformation.

[0054] A mating portion 23 is provided at the end of the piston rod 2. The mating portion 23 of the piston rod 2 can be designed as a thread, a slot, a screw hole, etc. to connect to an external workpiece and be compatible with different installation requirements.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] The damping medium 4 is an adjustable liquid damping based on silicone oil, and is composed of the following components:

[0057] 85% to 92% dimethyl silicone oil is used as the base carrier, and the viscosity of dimethyl silicone oil ranges from 50cSt to 1000cSt;

[0058] 3% to 8% of nano-silicon dioxide is used as a thickener, and the particle size of nano-silicon dioxide ranges from 10nm to 50nm;

[0059] 1% to 2% of phenyl glycidyl ether as an antioxidant;

[0060] 2% to 3% of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles as an anti-wear agent;

[0061] 1% to 2% of graphene microflakes as conductive particles, with the graphene microflake particle size ≤ 5 μm.

[0062] By adjusting the viscosity of dimethyl silicone oil and the content of silica, continuous regulation of the damping force from low hysteresis to high blockage is achieved. The viscosity change rate of the silicone oil-based medium is ≤ 15% in the range of -40°C to 150°C, avoiding damping failure caused by temperature rise. The combined effect of nanoparticles and conductive materials can inhibit the cavitation effect and resonance peak of the liquid medium. The silica thickening network dynamically reorganizes under the action of shear force, reducing medium aging and delamination after long-term use. This damping medium 4 is suitable for precision instruments.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Damping medium 4 is a magnetorheological composite liquid damper, composed of the following components:

[0065] 75% to 80% of synthetic hydrocarbon hydraulic oil as the base carrier, ISO VG 22 - 68;

[0066] 3% to 5% of oleic acid-coated nano-aluminum oxide as a dispersant;

[0067] 2% to 3% of lithium-based bentonite as a thixotropic agent.

[0068] By regulating the chain-like structure of iron powder through an external magnetic field, millisecond-level dynamic adjustment of the damping force is achieved, suitable for active vibration damping systems. The synergistic effect of the dispersant and the thixotropic agent enables the suspension stability of magnetic particles to be ≥ 6 months. This damping medium 4 is suitable for active control scenarios.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Damping medium 4 is a thermally induced variable viscosity medium, composed of the following components:

[0071] A blend of poly-α-olefin (PAO) and ionic liquid as the matrix material, PAO:ionic liquid = 7:3;

[0072] 5% to 8% of thermally expandable microspheres as a temperature-sensitive additive, with the thermally expandable microsphere shell being an acrylonitrile copolymer and the core being isopentane, and the particle size range being 10 μm to 100 μm;

[0073] 2% to 3% of shape memory polymer microfilaments, with the shape memory polymer microfilaments being polycaprolactone-based and the length being 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0074] When the temperature > 50°C, the microspheres expand to increase the medium viscosity by 3 to 5 times, inhibit high-frequency vibration, and achieve self-adaptive variable viscosity. The microfilaments undergo a phase change and absorb heat during shear deformation, converting mechanical energy into thermal energy. The ionic liquid component reduces the swelling corrosion of rubber seals. This damping medium 4 is for working conditions with drastic temperature changes.

[0075] By compounding the basic carrier and functional additives, the limitations of a single medium in the adjustable range and response speed are broken through.

[0076] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments having the same composition and achieving the same effect as the technical idea within the technical solution scope of the present invention are included in the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways constructed by combining some constituent elements of the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism, characterized in that: include: A mounting seat (1), a piston rod (2) and an elastic element (3), wherein the piston rod (2) movably passes through the mounting seat (1), and the elastic element (3) is used to apply an elastic force between the mounting seat (1) and the piston rod (2), and the relative sliding surfaces of the mounting seat (1) and the piston rod (2) are filled with a damping medium (4).

2. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (3) is a compression spring, which is clamped between the mounting seat (1) and the piston rod (2).

3. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mounting seat (1) is provided with a receiving groove (11) along the circumferential direction, and the damping medium (4) is filled in the receiving groove (11).

4. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the mounting seat (1) is penetrated by an oil delivery hole (12) which is in communication with the containing groove (11).

5. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil delivery hole (12) is internally threadedly connected with a plug (13).

6. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the mounting seat (1) adjacent to both ends of the damping medium (4) are respectively provided with sealing members (5).

7. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the piston rod (2) that cooperates with the elastic element (3) is detachably connected to a baffle (21).

8. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the piston rod (2) extends radially to form a stop boss (22), and the end of the through hole of the mounting seat (1) is recessed inward to form a stop groove (15) that can cooperate with the stop boss (22).

9. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the piston rod (2) is provided with a matching portion (23).

10. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat (1) is provided with a mounting flange (14).

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