Ice paddle coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system and test method

Abstract

The invention relates to an ice paddle coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system and test method. The test system comprises an air shafting used for driving a propeller to be tested to rotate, an ice feeding mechanism used for feeding test ice to the propeller to be tested, and sensing equipment used for collecting ice scrap motion trails, mechanical characteristics of the propeller to be tested and thrust torque of the air shafting in real time in the ice propeller coupling process. The ice conveying mechanism comprises an ice conveying clamp used for clamping the test ice and an ice conveying module used for driving the ice conveying clamp to move, and a part of the ice conveying clamp penetrates through or is inserted into the test ice and is frozen into a whole with the test ice. In the ice paddle coupling process, data such as an ice scrap movement track, mechanical characteristics of a propeller to be tested and thrust torque of an air shafting are collected in real time, and the collected images and data can be used for analyzing load characteristics of the propeller in the ice paddle coupling process; one part of the ice feeding clamp and the test ice are frozen into a whole, so that the test ice can be conveniently and stably clamped, and the accuracy of a test result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ice-propeller coupling, and particularly to an unsteady test integrated test system and test method for an ice-propeller coupling model. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing attention of the international community to polar exploration, the research on the drive of ice area ship propellers has received more attention. The working environment of ice area ship propellers is different from that of conventional ship propellers when breaking ice. When navigating in ice areas, sometimes it is necessary to use the propeller to break ice, and the load characteristic problems generated by the interaction between broken ice and the propeller have not been sufficiently studied. At present, the fracture, crushing and other motion characteristics that occur during the cutting process of ice by the propeller cannot obtain accurate results through computational simulation.

[0003] Therefore, the ice-propeller coupling test has become an important supplement to the theoretical research and numerical method research on the ice-propeller interaction problem. Through the ice-propeller coupling test, the force load on the propeller and the characteristics of ice breaking and fragment movement during the ice-propeller interaction process can be intuitively revealed, providing a design reference for ice area ship propellers.

[0004] When conducting an ice-propeller coupling test, it is necessary to drive the ice block to continuously interfere with the rotating propeller at a certain speed, and collect data such as the thrust and torque of the overall rotation of the propeller and the forces and torques in multiple directions of the propeller blades during the interference process, and analyze the load characteristics of the propeller during the ice-propeller coupling process based on the collected data. During the test process, a control system is required to control the position, speed of the ice block and the rotational speed of the propeller. Some existing technologies related to the research on ice-propeller coupling are as follows:

[0005] The invention patent with the publication number of CN109870296B discloses a performance test system for a propeller under the action of ice-propeller flow in a circulating water channel, which studies the influence of ice on the blockage of the propeller in the fluid in the circulating water channel, and then tests the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller under different flow fields of water, rather than testing the forces of the interaction between ice and the propeller under ice-propeller cutting conditions. In addition, this solution involves the five-component force test of a single propeller blade, but the sensor used is a strain gauge sensor, which can only test the steady force of a single propeller blade, and due to the high rotational speed of the propeller and the short ice-propeller coupling cutting time, the measurement accuracy of the strain gauge sensor is poor.

[0006] The invention patent with the publication number of CN117928869A discloses an ice-propeller collision experiment test device. When studying the ice-propeller collision test, the device controls the ice block to fall from a high place so that the ice block collides with the propeller, and then studies the movement trajectory of the ice block. It studies the state of random collision, rather than the continuous ice-propeller coupling effect at a specified speed and direction;

[0007] The invention patent with the publication number CN110823507B discloses a propeller dynamometer and an air test platform for the ice cutting state of the propeller. The propeller dynamometer and the air test platform in the solution of this patent can be used for the cutting experiment of the propeller and ice. However, the fully encapsulated propeller dynamometer cannot flexibly change key components such as sensors and motors, has a high manufacturing cost, and lacks a good ice clamping mechanism. The ice can only move automatically in one direction, and the lifting direction depends on manual operation and cannot be automatically adjusted. Moreover, this test platform can only test the thrust torque of the propeller and the six-component force of the overall dynamometer, and cannot test the force on a single blade under the ice-propeller coupling effect.

[0008] In summary, the existing test schemes and their disadvantages include:

[0009] First, there is no comprehensive system for ice-propeller coupling testing in the air in the industry. Currently, in the relevant testing processes, simulation ice is generally used for testing, that is, non-metallic materials are used to simulate ice blocks. As a result, the existing ice delivery jigs cannot stably hold real ice blocks, and it is even more impossible to stably and accurately control the traveling speed and position of the ice blocks during the ice-propeller coupling test, affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0010] Second, in the current relevant testing processes, it is generally necessary to collect the data of the thrust torque change of the entire propeller, but this testing process cannot test the force change of a single blade. In addition, in the current relevant testing processes, strain gauges are generally used to test the force on the propeller, but this type of sensor cannot accurately collect data when the propeller is rotating at high speed. Therefore, the current equipment actually does not form a comprehensive measurement and control system and cannot complete the ice-propeller coupling test work. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present invention solves the problem that there is no comprehensive system for ice-propeller coupling testing in the air in the industry, and some existing testing methods and equipment cannot complete the ice-propeller coupling test work. It provides an unsteady test comprehensive measurement and control system and a testing method for the ice-propeller coupling model to solve this technical problem. The overall structure of the air ice-propeller coupling comprehensive measurement and control system in this solution is simple, economical, reliable, and flexible. It can test the thrust torque of the drive shaft system, the force and moment of a single blade of the propeller model during the process of ice and propeller coupling according to the specified position and speed, and complete the ice-propeller coupling test.

[0012] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0013] An unsteady test integrated measurement system for an ice-propeller coupling model, comprising an air shaft system for driving a propeller under test to rotate, an ice feeding mechanism for feeding test ice to the propeller under test, a photography module for real-time collecting the movement trajectories of ice chips during the ice-propeller coupling process, a sensing module for real-time collecting the mechanical characteristics of the propeller under test, and a thrust-torque sensor for real-time collecting the thrust and torque of the air shaft system. The air shaft system includes a transmission shaft for connecting the propeller under test and a test motor for driving the transmission shaft to rotate.

[0014] The ice feeding mechanism includes an ice feeding clamp for clamping the test ice and an ice feeding module for driving the ice feeding clamp to move. The ice feeding clamp includes a clamp body and a pre-buried structure connected to the clamp body. The pre-buried structure passes through the test ice or inserts into the interior of the test ice, and the pre-buried structure is frozen as a whole with the test ice. The ice feeding module drives the ice feeding clamp to move at least along two degrees of freedom directions, and one of the degrees of freedom directions is parallel to the rotation axis of the propeller under test.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission shaft includes a tail shaft and a thrust shaft connected coaxially. The transmission shaft is connected to the propeller under test through the tail shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the test motor through the thrust shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the thrust-torque sensor is arranged between the tail shaft and the thrust shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the integrated measurement system further includes the propeller under test. The propeller under test includes a hub and a plurality of blades connected to the side of the hub. Taking one of the blades as a test blade, the sensing module is located between the hub and the test blade.

[0018] Preferably, both the sensing module on the hub and the thrust-torque sensor are connected with transmission lines for transmitting monitoring data. A slip ring for transmitting monitoring data is sleeved outside the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is also provided with a channel for the transmission line to pass through for connecting the transmission line with the slip ring.

[0019] Preferably, the sensing module is a six-component sensor. A receiving groove for accommodating the six-component sensor is opened on the side of the hub. A connecting plate for providing a pre-tightening force to the six-component sensor is connected to the opening of the receiving groove, and the test blade is detachably connected to the connecting plate.

[0020] Preferably, the other blades except the test blade are detachably connected to the hub.

[0021] Preferably, the air shaft system further includes a positioning support. The positioning support is provided with a bearing through which the transmission shaft passes. The inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing is relatively fixed in position with respect to the positioning support.

[0022] Preferably, the comprehensive test system further comprises a measurement and control mechanism with a parameter input module, and the measurement and control mechanism further comprises:

[0023] a first measurement and control unit for controlling the rotation speed of the propeller to be tested, wherein the first measurement and control unit is electrically connected to the test motor and controls the test motor to adjust the rotation speed in real time according to the rotation speed of the test motor; and / or

[0024] A second measurement and control unit is used to control the operation of the ice delivery module.

[0025] Preferably, the parameter input module is a data interface or an input panel.

[0026] Preferably, the comprehensive test system also includes analysis equipment for analyzing the trajectory of ice debris movement, the mechanical properties of the propeller to be tested, and the thrust torque of the air shaft system.

[0027] Preferably, the comprehensive testing system further comprises a frame platform, and the air shaft system and the ice delivery mechanism are both arranged on the frame platform.

[0028] Preferably, the rotation axis of the propeller to be tested is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the ice delivery module drives the ice delivery clamp to move in at least two degrees of freedom directions, wherein the two degrees of freedom directions are respectively a vertical direction and a horizontal direction parallel to the rotation axis of the propeller to be tested.

[0029] Preferably, the ice delivery mechanism comprises at least two mutually parallel horizontal linear slides, a horizontal travel frame is provided between the plurality of horizontal linear slides, the horizontal travel frame is connected to at least two mutually parallel lifting linear slides, and the ice delivery clamp is connected between the plurality of lifting linear slides.

[0030] Preferably, the horizontal linear slide and / or the lifting linear slide is a ball screw linear module, and the ball screw linear module includes a guide rail responsible for support and guidance and a ball screw responsible for driving.

[0031] Preferably, the ball screws of the plurality of horizontal linear slides are coupled to each other through a transmission assembly to achieve synchronous drive, and the transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley assembly, a gear assembly, and a sprocket assembly; and / or

[0032] The ball screws of the plurality of lifting linear slides are connected to each other through a transmission assembly to achieve synchronous drive. The transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley assembly, a gear assembly, and a sprocket assembly.

[0033] Preferably, the frame platform is provided with a plurality of connection seats for installing the ice delivery mechanism, and the ice delivery mechanism is connected to the frame platform via the plurality of connection seats.

[0034] Preferably, the frame platform is further provided with a guide plate for guiding the ice delivery mechanism to align with the connecting seat. When the ice delivery mechanism is connected to the mounting seat one by one, one side of the guide plate is attached to the ice delivery mechanism, and a guide inclined surface is provided at the top of the side of the guide plate that is attached to the ice delivery mechanism.

[0035] Preferably, a test space is provided inside the frame platform. The propeller to be tested and the test ice are both located inside the test space. Baffles that are movably connected to the frame platform are also provided on both sides of the test space.

[0036] Preferably, one side edge of the baffle is hinged to the frame platform, and the other side is magnetically coupled to the frame platform through a magnetic attraction component; or

[0037] The baffle is slidably engaged with the frame platform.

[0038] Preferably, the baffle is a transparent plate body.

[0039] A test method applicable to the above ice-paddle coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Install the propeller to be tested and the test ice onto the air shafting and the ice delivery mechanism respectively;

[0041] S2. Adjust the rotational speed of the propeller to be tested to the set rotational speed;

[0042] S3. Control the test ice to move towards the propeller to be tested according to the set trajectory and speed;

[0043] S4. Start the photography module and the sensing module before the test ice contacts the propeller to be tested, and collect the ice chip movement trajectory images and the mechanical property data of the propeller to be tested during the ice-paddle coupling process;

[0044] S5. End the recording and save the data when the test ice moves into place;

[0045] S6. If it is necessary to continue the test, replace the test ice and repeat steps S2 to S5. If the test is no longer carried out, disassemble the test ice and the propeller to be tested, and turn off the comprehensive test system.

[0046] Preferably, in step S2, the step of adjusting the rotational speed of the propeller to be tested to the set rotational speed includes:

[0047] S2-1. Input the set rotational speed into the measurement and control mechanism, and control the test motor to start running by the measurement and control mechanism;

[0048] S2-2. After the test motor runs stably, the measurement and control mechanism controls the test motor to adjust the rotational speed according to the rotational speed of the test motor;

[0049] S2-3. Repeat step S2-2 until the rotational speed of the test motor reaches the set rotational speed.

[0050] Beneficial technical effects of the technical solution of the present invention:

[0051] (1) This solution uses an air shafting to drive the propeller under test to rotate, uses an ice feeding mechanism to supply test ice to the propeller under test, and during the ice-propeller coupling process, uses a photography module to collect images of the ice chip movement trajectory in real time, uses a sensing module to collect mechanical characteristic data of the propeller under test in real time, and uses a thrust torque sensor to collect thrust torque data of the air shafting in real time. The collected images and data can be used to analyze the load characteristics of the propeller during the ice-propeller coupling process, so as to understand the characteristics of the force load on the propeller and the ice breaking and debris movement during the ice-propeller interaction process, providing a design reference for ice area ship propellers.

[0052] The ice feeding fixture in this solution includes a fixture body and a pre-embedded structure connected to the fixture body. The pre-embedded structure is frozen into one body with the test ice. The fixture body can conveniently hold the test ice through the pre-embedded structure. And since the pre-embedded structure is located inside the test ice, it can ensure the cooperation stability between the test ice and the fixture body, reducing the possibility of the ice block slipping, so as to ensure that the ice feeding mechanism can stably and accurately control the traveling speed and position of the test ice during the ice-propeller coupling test, improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0053] (2) The test motor drives the thrust shaft, the thrust torque sensor and the tail shaft to rotate in sequence. The thrust torque sensor can not only measure the thrust torque of the propeller under test. When the test ice contacts the propeller, a relatively large thrust and vibration will be generated. The thrust torque sensor is connected between the thrust shaft and the tail shaft, with good stability and can accurately measure the thrust torque data.

[0054] (3) The purpose of the single-blade test hub is to measure the six-component forces of the blade relative to the hub during the ice-propeller coupling process. Therefore, in this solution, a sensing module composed of six-component sensors is placed between the blade and the hub. The hub is provided with a receiving groove for installing the six-component sensors, and the test blade is installed on the six-component sensors through an adapter plate. At the same time, the adapter plate pre-presses the six-component sensors inside the hub, and can pre-give a certain pre-tightening force to the six-component sensors, enabling the sensors to obtain better linearity and sensitivity.

[0055] (4) The remaining blades other than the test blade are also detachably connected to the hub, so the device can be suitable for testing different propellers, and only need to replace all the blades connected to the hub.

[0056] (V) The positioning support is provided with a bearing for the transmission shaft to pass through, the inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing and the positioning support are relatively fixed in position. The transmission shaft is limited by the positioning support, which can reduce the amplitude of the transmission shaft vibration and improve the stability of the propeller to be tested during the ice-propeller coupling process.

[0057] (6) The measurement and control mechanism adjusts the speed of the test motor in real time according to the speed of the test motor, which can ensure the stability of the rotation speed of the propeller to be tested and help improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0058] (VII) The horizontal linear slide and the lifting linear slide are ball screw linear modules. The ball screw linear module includes a guide rail responsible for support and guidance and a ball screw responsible for driving. The use of the ball screw linear module can improve the operating stability of the ice delivery mechanism, smoothly supply the test ice, and thus improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0059] (VIII) When there are multiple horizontal linear slides or lifting linear slides, the ball screws of the multiple linear slides are coordinated through the transmission assembly to ensure that the ball screws run synchronously and are driven synchronously, so as to avoid the problem of jamming due to asynchronous operation of the ball screws.

[0060] (IX) Baffles are provided on both sides of the test space to block flying ice chips. The baffles are transparent plates, which can facilitate testers to take pictures or observe on site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the comprehensive test system for unsteady test of ice-propeller coupling model in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the frame platform in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an air shaft system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0064] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transmission shaft in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0065] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the installation of a sensor module and a test blade of a propeller to be tested in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0066] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ice delivery mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0067] Figure 7 A test flow chart in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0068] Markings in the accompanying drawings:

[0069] 1 - Frame platform; 11 - Universal wheel; 12 - Baffle; 13 - Bracket; 14 - Support leg;

[0070] 2 - Mounting seat; 21 - Test motor; 22 - Positioning support; 23 - Transmission shaft; 231 - Thrust shaft; 232 - Thrust torque sensor; 233 - Tail shaft; 24 - Channel; 241 - Transmission line; 25 - Rotor slip ring; 26 - Cover plate;

[0071] 3 - Propeller to be tested; 31 - Hub; 311 - Accommodation groove; 312 - Adapter plate; 313 - Pre - tightening bolt; 32 - Sensing module; 33 - Test blade;

[0072] 4 - Connection seat; 41 - Guide plate; 42 - Ice delivery mechanism; 411 - Horizontal linear slide; 412 - Horizontal traveling frame; 413 - Lifting linear slide; 414 - Ice delivery fixture; 4141 - Fixture body; 4142 - Embedded structure; 5 - Measurement and control mechanism; 6 - Acquisition device; 7 - PC. Specific implementation mode

[0073] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates in detail on an ice - propeller coupling model unsteady test integrated test system and test method proposed by the present invention in combination with the attached drawings and specific implementation modes. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the attached drawings are in a very simplified form and all use non - precise scales, only for conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the objectives of the implementation modes of the present invention. In order to make the objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, please refer to the attached drawings. It should be known that the structures, scales, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the objectives that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0074] The following will combine the attached Figures 1 to 7 and specific embodiments to elaborate in detail on the technical solutions of the ice - propeller coupling model unsteady test integrated test system and test method of the present invention.

[0075] Embodiment

[0076] As Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, a comprehensive unsteady test system for an ice-propeller coupling model in this embodiment includes a frame platform 1. The frame platform 1 is a conventional truss structure, and universal wheels 11 and movable supporting feet 14 are installed at the four corners of the bottom of the frame platform 1. The universal wheels 11 are arranged at the bottom of the frame platform 1, which can facilitate the transfer of the frame platform 1. When reaching the test area, the supporting feet 14 are lowered, and the frame platform 1 is supported by the supporting feet 14, so that the frame platform 1 can be stably positioned.

[0077] An air shaft system for driving the rotation of the propeller 3 to be tested and an ice delivery mechanism 42 for delivering test ice to the propeller 3 to be tested are installed on the frame platform 1. In addition, the frame platform 1 is also provided with a photography module (not shown in the figure) for real-time collecting the movement trajectory of ice chips during the ice-propeller coupling process, a sensing module 32 for real-time collecting the mechanical characteristics of the propeller 3 to be tested, and a thrust and torque sensor 232 for real-time collecting the thrust and torque of the air shaft system. The collected data can be used to analyze the load characteristics of the propeller during the ice-propeller coupling process, so as to understand the force load of the propeller and the characteristics of ice breaking and debris movement during the ice-propeller interaction process, and provide a design reference for ice area ship propellers.

[0078] The air shaft system includes a mounting seat 2 installed on the frame platform 1. A transmission shaft 23 for connecting the propeller 3 to be tested and a test motor 21 for driving the transmission shaft 23 to rotate are provided on the mounting seat 2. In addition, three positioning supports 22 are fixedly connected to the mounting seat 2. The positioning supports 22 are provided with bearings for the transmission shaft 23 to pass through horizontally. The transmission shaft 23 passes through the bearings of each positioning support 22 in turn. The inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 23, and the outer ring of the bearing is relatively fixed to the position of the positioning support 22. Limiting the transmission shaft 23 by using the positioning support 22 can reduce the amplitude of vibration of the transmission shaft 23 and improve the stability of the propeller 3 to be tested during the ice-propeller coupling process.

[0079] The ice delivery mechanism 42 includes an ice delivery fixture 414 for clamping the test ice and an ice delivery module for driving the ice delivery fixture 414 to move. The ice delivery fixture 414 includes a fixture body 4141 and a pre-embedded structure 4142 connected to the fixture body 4141. The pre-embedded structure 4142 passes through or inserts into the test ice and freezes with the test ice as a whole. The ice delivery module is installed on the frame platform 1, and the ice delivery module drives the ice delivery fixture 414 to move at least in two degrees of freedom directions, and one of the degrees of freedom directions is parallel to the rotation axis of the propeller 3 to be tested.

[0080] In this embodiment, the fixture body 4141 includes two parts located on both sides of the test ice. A plurality of embedded structures 4142 are detachably connected to the two parts of the fixture body 4141. The embedded structures 4142 are screws passing through the test ice. The fixture body 4141 clamps the test ice from both sides. At the same time, since the embedded structures 4142 are located inside the test ice, the matching stability between the test ice and the fixture body 4141 can be ensured, and the possibility of the ice block slipping off can be reduced, so as to ensure that the ice feeding mechanism 42 can stably and accurately control the traveling speed and position of the test ice during the ice-propeller coupling test, and improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0081] In this embodiment, the two degrees of freedom directions in which the ice feeding module drives the ice feeding fixture 414 to move are the horizontal direction and the vertical direction respectively. Among them, the horizontal degree of freedom direction is parallel to the rotation axis of the transmission shaft 23.

[0082] The air shafting in this embodiment is specifically introduced as follows:

[0083] The transmission shaft 23 of the air shafting includes a tail shaft 233 and a thrust shaft 231 connected coaxially. The transmission shaft 23 is connected to the propeller under test 3 through the tail shaft 233, and the transmission shaft 23 is connected to the output shaft of the test motor 21 through the thrust shaft 231. The test electrode drives the propeller under test 3 to rotate through the transmission shaft 23, and the rotation axis of the propeller under test 3 coincides with the axis of the transmission shaft 23. A thrust torque sensor 232 is arranged between the tail shaft 233 and the thrust shaft 231 for measuring the thrust torque of the propeller under test 3. The thrust torque sensor 232 in this embodiment is a customized two-sided flange type thrust torque sensor 232, and the circumferential dimension can be minimized within the range of the measuring range. The thrust shaft 231 drives the tail shaft 233 to rotate through the thrust torque sensor 232. When the test ice contacts the propeller, a relatively large thrust and vibration will be generated. The thrust torque sensor 232 is connected between the thrust shaft 231 and the tail shaft 233, with good stability and can accurately measure the thrust torque data.

[0084] A cover plate 26 is also provided above the transmission shaft 23. The purpose of the cover plate 26 is to prevent dust and ice chips from interfering with the operation of the air shafting of the transmission shaft 23.

[0085] The comprehensive test system further includes the above-mentioned propeller under test 3. The propeller under test 3 includes a hub 31 and a plurality of blades connected to the side of the hub 31. Taking one of the blades as the test blade 33, the sensing module 32 is installed between the hub 31 and the test blade 33.

[0086] The sensing module 32 selects a six-component sensor. A receiving groove 311 for accommodating the six-component sensor is provided on the side of the hub 31, and a transfer plate 312 for providing a pre-tightening force to the six-component sensor is connected to the notch of the receiving groove 311. One way to provide a pre-tightening force to the six-component sensor is as follows: through holes are provided in both the transfer plate 312 and the above-mentioned six-component sensor, and a threaded groove is provided at the bottom of the receiving groove 311. The pre-tightening bolt 313 is used to pass through the through holes of the transfer plate 312 and the six-component sensor and is threadedly connected to the threaded groove at the bottom of the receiving groove 311, so as to pre-tighten the six-component sensor. Applying a certain pre-tightening force to the six-component sensor in advance can enable the six-component sensor to obtain better linearity and sensitivity. It should be noted that only non-steady sensors can use such an installation method. If a conventional strain sensor uses such an installation method, it will affect the test ability and accuracy.

[0087] The test blade 33 is detachably connected to the transfer plate 312, that is, the test blade 33 is connected to the six-component sensor through the transfer plate 312, so that the six-component sensor can accurately measure the force data of the test blade 33.

[0088] Considering that the hub 31 needs to calibrate the overall sensor embedded, and to ensure the consistency of the force properties of the test blade 33 and other blades during testing, the other blades except the test blade 33 are detachably connected to the hub 31. Therefore, this test system can also be suitable for testing different propellers, and only need to replace all the blades connected to the hub 31.

[0089] Furthermore, the sensing module 32 of the hub 31 and the thrust torque sensor 232 are both connected with a transmission line 241 for transmitting monitoring data. A slip ring is sleeved outside the transmission shaft 23, and this slip ring rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 23, that is, the rotor slip ring 25, which can cooperate with the stator slip ring to conveniently output the data collected by the sensing module 32 and the thrust torque sensor 232.

[0090] In addition, the transmission shaft 23 is also provided with a channel 24 for the transmission line 241 to pass through, for the transmission line 241 to be connected to the rotor slip ring 25. The rotor slip ring 25 in this embodiment is sleeved outside the thrust shaft 231 and rotates synchronously with the thrust shaft 231. The above-mentioned channel 24 extends along the direction of the transmission shaft 23, completely penetrates the tail shaft 233 and the thrust torque sensor 232, and passes through part of the thrust shaft 231, and finally forms an opening on the side of the thrust shaft 231, so as to facilitate the connection of the transmission lines 241 of the sensing module 32 and the thrust torque sensor 232 to the rotor slip ring 25.

[0091] The frame platform 1 and the ice feeding mechanism 42 in this embodiment are specifically introduced as follows:

[0092] In this embodiment, the ice delivery mechanism 42 is detachably connected to the frame platform 1. A plurality of connecting seats 4 for installing the ice delivery mechanism 42 are installed on the cross beam at the top of the frame platform 1, and the ice delivery mechanism 42 is connected to the frame platform 1 through the plurality of connecting seats 4. There are a total of five connecting seats 4 in this embodiment, and when installing the ice delivery mechanism 42, it needs to be aligned and connected to all five connecting seats 4. In order to facilitate aligning the ice delivery mechanism 42 with the connecting seats 4 during installation, a plurality of vertical guide plates 41 are also installed on the cross beam at the top of the frame platform 1. When the ice delivery mechanism 42 is connected to the mounting seat 2 one by one, one side of the guide plate 41 is in contact with the ice delivery mechanism 42. The side of the guide plate 41 in contact with the ice delivery mechanism 42 is the guiding surface, and the top edge of the guiding surface is provided with a guiding inclined surface. When hoisting the ice delivery mechanism 42 to the top of the frame platform 1, the guide plate 41 can be used to guide the ice delivery mechanism 42 into place. There are five guide plates 41 in this embodiment, and the five guide plates 41 are respectively connected to one connecting seat 4, and the guiding surface of the guide plate 41 is the side facing the connecting seat 4, which can conveniently guide the ice delivery mechanism 42 to align with the connecting seat 4 during the process of hoisting the ice delivery mechanism 42.

[0093] A test space is formed between the cross beam and the longitudinal beam of the frame platform 1. The propeller 3 to be tested and the test ice are both located in this test space, and ice-propeller coupling is carried out in the test space. In order to block the splashing ice chips, baffles 12 are also installed on both sides of the test space. The two baffles 12 are located on both sides of the axis of the transmission shaft 23, and each baffle 12 is movably connected to the frame platform 1, and the baffle 12 can be conveniently opened or disassembled. The baffle 12 in this embodiment is a transparent plate body, such as an organic glass plate, a tempered glass plate or a PC plate, which can facilitate the tester to photograph or observe the test process.

[0094] In this embodiment, the connection method between the baffle 12 and the frame platform 1 is: one side edge of the baffle 12 is hinged to the frame platform 1, and the other side is magnetically coupled to the frame platform 1 through a magnetic component, which can be conveniently opened and closed. Of course, the connection method between the baffle 12 and the frame platform 1 is not limited to the above one. For example, in another embodiment, the magnetic component can be configured to be slidably coupled to the frame platform 1.

[0095] In addition, two brackets 13 extending along the direction away from the test space are provided on both sides of the frame platform 1 in this embodiment. A support foot 14 is also installed at the bottom of each bracket 13 on the side away from the test space. The brackets 13 can provide additional support for the frame platform 1 and improve the stability of the frame platform 1.

[0096] The ice delivery mechanism 42 in this embodiment includes two horizontal linear slides 411 installed on the frame platform 1. The driving directions of the two horizontal linear slides 411 are parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft 23. A horizontal travel frame 412 is installed between the two horizontal linear slides 411. The two horizontal linear slides 411 are used to push the horizontal travel frame 412 to translate along the axis of the transmission shaft 23. Two lifting linear platforms are also installed on the side of the horizontal travel frame 412 facing the air axis system. The driving directions of the two lifting linear platforms are both vertical directions. The ice delivery fixture 414 for clamping the test ice is installed between the two lifting linear platforms. The ice delivery mechanism 42 drives the ice delivery fixture 414 to move in two degrees of freedom directions through the horizontal linear slide 411 and the lifting linear slide 413. The horizontal linear slide 411 and the lifting linear slide 413 are both ball screw linear modules. The ball screw linear module includes a guide rail responsible for support and guidance and a ball screw responsible for driving.

[0097] In this embodiment, two horizontal linear slides 411 and two lifting linear platforms are configured because when performing an ice cutting test, if only one set of the above linear slides is used, the ice delivery fixture 414 is likely to vibrate and may interfere with structures such as the propeller 3 to be tested. Therefore, at least two horizontal linear slides 411 and two lifting linear platforms should be used, and the two horizontal linear slides 411 are respectively located on both sides of the axis of the propeller 3 to be tested, and the two lifting linear platforms are respectively located on both sides of the axis of the propeller 3 to be tested, so as to improve the stability of the ice delivery fixture 414.

[0098] In addition, when there are multiple horizontal linear slides 411 and lifting linear platforms, the ball screws of the multiple horizontal linear slides 411 are matched through the transmission assembly, and the ball screws of the multiple lifting linear slides 413 are also matched through the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly ensures that each horizontal linear slide 411 runs synchronously, and ensures that each lifting linear platform runs synchronously, so as to avoid the problem of ball screws running asynchronously and getting stuck. Specifically, the transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley set, a gear set, and a sprocket set, and any one of them can be used.

[0099] Furthermore, the ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test integrated test system also includes a measurement and control mechanism 5 with a parameter input module, and the measurement and control mechanism 5 also includes a first measurement and control unit for controlling the rotation speed of the propeller 3 to be tested and a second measurement and control unit for controlling the operation of the ice delivery module.

[0100] The first measurement and control unit is electrically connected to the test motor 21 and adjusts the rotational speed of the test motor 21 in real time according to the rotational speed of the test motor 21. The measurement and control mechanism 5 adjusts the rotational speed of the test motor 21 in real time according to the rotational speed of the test motor 21, with a high degree of automation, which can ensure the stable rotational speed of the propeller 3 to be tested and help improve the accuracy of the test results. The first measurement and control unit can obtain the rotational speed of the test motor 21 by monitoring the rotational speed of the test motor 21 through a sensor. The method of obtaining the rotational speed of the test motor 21 is a conventional means in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0101] Furthermore, the parameter input module can be selected as a data interface or an input panel. The staff inputs the set propeller rotational speed parameters through the parameter input module, and then the first measurement and control unit can adjust the rotational speed of the test motor 21 according to the set propeller rotational speed. The staff can also input the set test ice movement trajectory and speed through the parameter input module, and the second measurement and control unit controls the ice delivery module to operate.

[0102] The measurement and control mechanism 5 in this embodiment is a PLC control cabinet. The comprehensive test system of this solution further includes an acquisition device 6 for collecting and transmitting test data and an analysis device for analyzing test data. The analysis device includes a PC 7, a mobile phone or a cloud server, and is installed with analysis software for analyzing the ice chip movement trajectory image, the mechanical property data of the propeller to be tested, and the air shaft system thrust and torque data. In this embodiment, the PC 7 is taken as an example. In addition, when the acquisition device 6 and the thrust and torque sensor 232 start to collect test data, the PLC control cabinet synchronously controls the photography module to start high-speed photography, so as to realize the synchronization of mechanical tests and picture features.

[0103] The acquisition device 6 collects the mechanical property data of the propeller 3 to be tested collected by the sensing module 32, the air shaft system thrust and torque data collected by the thrust and torque sensor 232, and the ice chip movement trajectory images collected by the photography module in real time, and then transmits the above data and images to the analysis software, and the analysis software analyzes the test data.

[0104] This embodiment also discloses a test method applicable to the above ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system, including the following steps:

[0105] S1. Install the propeller 3 to be tested and the test ice on the air shaft system and the ice delivery mechanism 42 respectively;

[0106] S2. Adjust the rotational speed of the propeller 3 to be tested to the set rotational speed;

[0107] S3. Control the test ice to move towards the propeller 3 to be tested according to the set trajectory and speed;

[0108] S4. Before the test ice contacts the propeller 3 to be tested, start the photography module and the sensing module 32, and collect the images of the movement trajectories of ice chips and the mechanical property data of the propeller 3 to be tested during the ice-propeller coupling process;

[0109] S5. When the test ice moves into place, end the recording and save the data;

[0110] S6. If it is necessary to continue the test, replace the test ice and repeat steps S2 to S5. If the test is no longer carried out, disassemble the test ice and the propeller 3 to be tested, and turn off the comprehensive test system.

[0111] Further, in step S2, the steps of adjusting the rotational speed of the propeller 3 to be tested to the set rotational speed include:

[0112] S2-1. Input the set rotational speed to the measurement and control mechanism 5, and control the test motor 21 to start running by the measurement and control mechanism 5;

[0113] S2-2. After the test motor 21 runs stably, the measurement and control mechanism 5 controls the test motor 21 to adjust the rotational speed according to the rotational speed of the test motor 21;

[0114] S2-3. Repeat step S2-2 until the rotational speed of the test motor 21 reaches the set rotational speed.

[0115] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0116] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive test system for unsteady test of ice-propeller coupling model, characterized in that: It includes an air shaft system for driving the propeller to be tested to rotate, an ice delivery mechanism for delivering test ice to the propeller to be tested, a photography module for real-time acquisition of ice debris movement trajectory during ice-propeller coupling, a sensor module for real-time acquisition of mechanical properties of the propeller to be tested, and a thrust torque sensor for real-time acquisition of thrust torque of the air shaft system. The air shaft system includes a transmission shaft for connecting the propeller to be tested and a test motor for driving the transmission shaft to rotate; The ice delivery mechanism includes an ice delivery clamp for clamping the test ice and an ice delivery module for driving the ice delivery clamp to move. The ice delivery clamp includes a clamp body and an embedded structure connected to the clamp body. The embedded structure passes through the test ice or is inserted into the test ice. The embedded structure and the test ice are frozen as one. The ice delivery module drives the ice delivery clamp to move along at least two degrees of freedom, and one of the degrees of freedom is parallel to the rotation axis of the propeller to be tested.

2. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft comprises a tail shaft and a thrust shaft which are coaxially connected. The transmission shaft is connected to the propeller to be tested through the tail shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the test motor through the thrust shaft.

3. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thrust torque sensor is arranged between the tail shaft and the thrust shaft.

4. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive test system also includes the propeller to be tested, which includes a hub and a plurality of blades connected to the side of the hub, one of the blades is used as a test blade, and the sensor module is located between the hub and the test blade.

5. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensor module of the hub and the thrust torque sensor are both connected to a transmission line for transmitting monitoring data. The outer side of the transmission shaft is provided with a slip ring for transmitting monitoring data, and the transmission shaft is also provided with a channel for the transmission line to pass through, so that the transmission line is connected to the slip ring.

6. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensing module is a six-component sensor. A receiving groove for receiving the six-component sensor is provided on the side of the hub. An adapter plate for providing a preload force to the six-component sensor is connected to the notch of the receiving groove. The test blade is detachably connected to the adapter plate.

7. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blades other than the test blade are detachably connected to the hub.

8. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air shaft system also includes a positioning support, which is provided with a bearing for the transmission shaft to pass through, the inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft, and the outer ring of the bearing is relatively fixed to the positioning support.

9. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The comprehensive test system also includes a measurement and control mechanism with a parameter input module, and the measurement and control mechanism also includes: a first measurement and control unit for controlling the rotation speed of the propeller to be tested, wherein the first measurement and control unit is electrically connected to the test motor and controls the test motor to adjust the rotation speed in real time according to the rotation speed of the test motor; and / or A second measurement and control unit is used to control the operation of the ice delivery module.

10. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The parameter input module is a data interface or an input panel.

11. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The comprehensive test system also includes analysis equipment for analyzing the trajectory of ice debris movement, the mechanical characteristics of the propeller to be tested, and the thrust torque of the air shaft system.

12. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to any one of claims 9, characterized in that: The comprehensive testing system further comprises a frame platform, and the air shaft system and the ice delivery mechanism are both arranged on the frame platform.

13. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 12, characterized in that: The rotation axis of the propeller to be tested is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the ice delivery module drives the ice delivery clamp to move in at least two directions of freedom, wherein the two directions of freedom are respectively a vertical direction and a horizontal direction parallel to the rotation axis of the propeller to be tested.

14. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 13, characterized in that: The ice delivery mechanism includes at least two mutually parallel horizontal linear slides, a horizontal travel frame is arranged between the plurality of horizontal linear slides, the horizontal travel frame is connected with at least two mutually parallel lifting linear slides, and the ice delivery clamp is connected between the plurality of lifting linear slides.

15. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 14, characterized in that: The horizontal linear slide and / or the lifting linear slide is a ball screw linear module, and the ball screw linear module includes a guide rail responsible for support and guidance and a ball screw responsible for driving.

16. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The ball screws of the plurality of horizontal linear slides are coupled to each other through a transmission assembly to achieve synchronous drive, wherein the transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley assembly, a gear assembly, and a sprocket assembly; and / or The ball screws of the plurality of lifting linear slides are connected to each other through a transmission assembly to achieve synchronous drive. The transmission assembly includes a synchronous pulley assembly, a gear assembly, and a sprocket assembly.

17. The unsteady test comprehensive test system of ice-propeller coupling model according to claim 12, characterized in that: The frame platform is provided with a plurality of connection seats for installing the ice delivery mechanism, and the ice delivery mechanism is connected to the frame platform through the plurality of connection seats.

18. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The frame platform is also provided with a guide plate for guiding the ice delivery mechanism to align with the connecting seat. When the ice delivery mechanism is connected to the mounting seat one by one, one side of the guide plate is in contact with the ice delivery mechanism, and a guide slope is provided on the top of the side where the guide plate is in contact with the ice delivery mechanism.

19. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 12, characterized in that: A test space is provided in the frame platform, and the propeller to be tested and the test ice are both located in the test space. Baffles movably connected to the frame platform are also provided on both sides of the test space.

20. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 19, characterized in that: One side edge of the baffle is hinged to the frame platform, and the other side is magnetically matched with the frame platform through a magnetic attraction component; or The baffle plate is slidably matched with the frame platform.

21. The ice-propeller coupling model unsteady test comprehensive test system according to claim 19, characterized in that: The baffle is a transparent plate.

22. A test method applicable to the comprehensive test system for unsteady test of ice-propeller coupling model described in any one of 9 to 21, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Install the propeller to be tested and the test ice to the air shaft system and the ice delivery mechanism respectively; S2. adjusting the speed of the propeller to be tested to a set speed; S3. Control the test ice to move toward the propeller to be tested according to the set trajectory and speed; S4. before the test ice contacts the propeller to be tested, the photographic module and the sensor module are activated to collect images of ice debris motion trajectories during ice-propeller coupling and mechanical property data of the propeller to be tested; S5. When the test ice is moved into place, the recording is ended and the data is saved; S6. If the test needs to be continued, the test ice is replaced and steps S2 to S5 are repeated. If the test is no longer to be performed, the test ice and the propeller to be tested are disassembled and the integrated test system is turned off.

23. The test method of the unsteady test of ice-paddle coupling model according to claim 22, characterized in that: In step S2, the step of adjusting the rotation speed of the propeller to be tested to a set rotation speed includes: S2-1. Input the set speed to the measurement and control mechanism, and the measurement and control mechanism controls the test motor to start running; S2-2. After the test motor runs smoothly, the measurement and control mechanism controls the test motor to adjust the speed according to the test motor speed; S2-3. Repeat step S2-2 until the speed of the test motor reaches the set speed.

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