Forming method for improving combination quality of composite spinning roller through middle layer structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming method for improving the combination quality of a composite spinning roller through a middle layer structure, and relates to a method for improving the combination quality of a composite spinning roller prepared through hot isostatic pressure diffusion bonding through a middle layer structure. Aiming at the problem that the interface bonding quality of a composite spinning roller directly formed by hot isostatic pressure diffusion bonding is limited through a heat treatment process in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the bonding quality of the composite spinning roller by introducing a middle layer. The contact state between the alloy steel and the powder steel is adjusted through the ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology, a specific middle layer structure is formed, and particularly a diffusion restraining layer structure, a gradient layer structure and a metallurgy homogeneous layer structure can be formed. According to the method, the novel method for improving the combination quality of the composite spinning roller is provided, and the development range of the field is widened. The method can improve the overall combination quality of the composite spinning roller, reduce the maintenance cost and improve the production efficiency. The method is used for improving the combination quality of the composite spinning roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for preparing and forming a composite spinning wheel by hot isostatic pressing, specifically to a forming method for improving the bonding quality of a composite spinning wheel by means of an intermediate layer structure, and belongs to the technical field of hot isostatic pressing diffusion bonding. Background Art

[0002] The composite spinning wheel is one of the key components of a spinning forming equipment and also an important factor for measuring whether a good effect can be obtained for a spun product. It is usually composed of two or more different materials to utilize the unique properties of each material. And the intermediate layer, as the key part connecting the inner and outer layers, is crucial for the overall performance of the composite spinning wheel.

[0003] The functions of the intermediate layer are mainly reflected in the following three aspects: 1) the function of force transmission, the intermediate layer needs to bear and transmit the complex loads applied by the outer layer, which is crucial for realizing an effective spinning process; 2) stability, in a complex spinning working environment, the intermediate layer must remain stable to ensure that the inner and outer layers will not fail due to temperature changes; 3) wear resistance, the quality of the intermediate layer directly affects the wear resistance of the composite spinning wheel. A high-quality intermediate layer can prevent the delamination and peeling of the outer and inner layers, thereby improving the durability of the composite spinning wheel.

[0004] At present, hot isostatic pressing diffusion bonding forming can realize the direct preparation of a composite spinning wheel. However, the intermediate layer of the composite spinning wheel achieves metallurgical bonding through elemental diffusion behavior. It is limited to improve the interfacial bonding quality of the composite spinning wheel formed by hot isostatic pressing diffusion bonding only through heat treatment processes. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reasonable intermediate layer structure between the inner layer surface and the outer layer to improve the overall bonding quality of the composite spinning wheel, reduce the maintenance cost, and improve the production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems of limited interfacial bonding strength and serious elemental diffusion (metal and non-metal elements) in the composite spinning wheel prepared by the existing process, the present invention proposes a method that can improve the interfacial bonding strength of the composite spinning wheel. The formed composite spinning wheel can serve in a relatively harsh spinning working environment, achieving the goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement. This method adjusts the contact state between alloy steel and powder steel through an ultra-high speed laser cladding process to form a specific intermediate layer structure, thereby improving the bonding quality of the composite spinning wheel.

[0006] The method of the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] S1. Grind and clean the surface of the inner layer alloy steel;

[0008] S2. Compile an ultra-high speed laser cladding trajectory program, set process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate, and perform ultra-high speed laser cladding;

[0009] S3. Polish and clean the surface of the alloy steel after S2 cladding. Place the alloy steel in the center of the jacket and fill it with high-speed steel powder. Conduct preparatory work such as vibration compaction, vacuum pumping, and sealing welding before hot isostatic pressing. Then place the jacket in a hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment;

[0010] S4. Anneal the jacket, then remove the jacket, machine the rotating wheel into the required shape, and then perform quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain the final composite rotating wheel.

[0011] Optionally, the alloy steel parts described in S1 include 9Cr2Mo steel and H13 steel.

[0012] Optionally, the process parameters of the ultra-high-speed laser cladding described in S2 are as follows: the laser power is 1230 - 4060 W, the powder feeding rate is 2 - 5 g / min, both the powder feeding gas and the shielding gas are argon, the powder feeding gas flow rate is 9 - 15 L / min, the central shielding gas flow rate is 6 - 10 L / min, the linear velocity is 2 - 5 m / min, the feed rate is 1 - 2 mm / r, and the single-layer cladding thickness can reach 0.5 mm - 1.2 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the alloy powders used in the ultra-high-speed laser cladding described in S2 are: Fe powder, Ni powder, M2 powder, PM23 powder, and the powder particle size is 20 - 75 μm.

[0014] Optionally, the process parameters of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion bonding described in S3 are: the temperature is 1100 - 1180 °C, the pressure is 120 - 150 MPa, and the heat preservation and pressure holding time is 2 - 4 h.

[0015] Optionally, the process parameters of the heat treatment described in S4 are: vacuum quenching at 1130 °C for 2 h, tempering at 550 °C for 3 times, 1 h each time, and the hardness after tempering is 62 - 66 HRC.

[0016] Optionally, the overall size of the composite rotating wheel is 300 mm - 500 mm.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. The innovation of the present invention lies in: adopting the ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology to pre-clad on the surface of alloy steel, achieving metallurgical bonding to form an "intermediate layer", and then improving the bonding quality of the composite rotating wheel through hot isostatic pressing.

[0019] 2. The present invention can optimize the formation path of the intermediate layer structure. The intermediate layer structure formed by the ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology can be changed according to requirements. Specifically, it can form a diffusion-inhibiting layer structure, a gradient layer structure, and a metallurgical homogeneous layer structure, and improve the interface quality of the composite rotating wheel through three structural designs.

[0020] 3. Compared with the composite roller formed directly by the hot isostatic pressing diffusion bonding process, the process flexibility of the present invention is relatively good. By simply changing the intermediate layer structure, the bonding quality of the composite roller prepared by the present invention is significantly improved. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the composite roller forming process;

[0022] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of forming the diffusion inhibition layer structure;

[0023] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of forming the gradient layer structure;

[0024] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of forming the metallurgical homogeneous layer structure.

[0025] The marks in the figure are: alloy steel substrate 1, powder for diffusion inhibition layer structure 2, diffusion inhibition layer structure 2-1, powder for gradient layer structure 3, gradient layer structure 3-1, powder for metallurgical homogeneous layer structure 4, metallurgical homogeneous layer structure 4-1, ultra-high speed laser cladding device 5, PM23 powder steel layer 6. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] Taking the composite roller with the specification of Φ300mm*100mm as an example.

[0027] Detailed Embodiment 1: The composite roller is prepared by the ultra-high speed laser cladding combined with the hot isostatic pressing process method. Combining Figure 1 、 Figure 2 explain this embodiment:

[0028] S1: Clean and polish the alloy steel substrate (1) used as the core material;

[0029] S2: Compile the ultra-high speed laser cladding trajectory program, set the process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate (1), and use the ultra-high speed laser cladding device (5) to cladding a pure iron cladding layer (2-1) with a thickness of 0.5mm - 1.2mm on the surface of the alloy steel substrate. The powder required for cladding is pure iron powder (2);

[0030] S3: Grind and polish the clad alloy steel matrix, place it in the center of the jacket and fill it with PM23 high-speed steel powder, and carry out the preparatory work before hot isostatic pressing such as vibration compaction, vacuum pumping, and sealing welding. Then place the jacket in the hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment. The pure iron cladding layer (2-1) can hinder the element diffusion behavior between the alloy steel (1) and the powder steel (6), thereby improving the interface bonding quality;

[0031] S4: Anneal the cladding, then remove the cladding, machine the roller into the desired shape, and then perform quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain the final composite roller.

[0032] Specific Embodiment 2: The composite roller is prepared by a method combining ultra-high speed laser cladding and hot isostatic pressing process. Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 3 Describe this embodiment:

[0033] S1: Clean and polish the H13 alloy steel substrate (1) used as the core material.

[0034] S2: Write a program for the ultra-high speed laser cladding track, set the process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate (1), and use the ultra-high speed laser cladding device (5) to cladding a M2 medium alloy steel cladding layer (3-1) with a thickness of 0.5mm - 1.2mm on the surface of the alloy steel substrate. The powder required for cladding is M2 medium alloy powder (3).

[0035] S3: Grind and polish the clad alloy steel substrate, place it in the center of the cladding, fill it with PM23 high-speed steel powder, and perform the preparatory work before hot isostatic pressing such as vibration compaction, vacuum pumping, and sealing welding. Then place the cladding in a hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment. The element content of the M2 steel cladding layer (2-2) is between that of the H13 alloy steel (1) and the PM23 powder steel (6), forming a gradient structure material, thereby improving the interface bonding quality.

[0036] S4: Anneal the cladding, then remove the cladding, machine the roller into the desired shape, and then perform quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain the final composite roller.

[0037] Specific Embodiment 3: The composite roller is prepared by a method combining ultra-high speed laser cladding and hot isostatic pressing process. Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 4 Describe this embodiment:

[0038] S1: Clean and polish the alloy steel substrate (1) used as the core material.

[0039] S2: Write a program for the ultra-high speed laser cladding track, set the process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate (1), and use the ultra-high speed laser cladding device (5) to cladding a PM23 powder steel cladding layer (4-1) with a thickness of 0.5mm - 1.2mm on the surface of the alloy steel substrate. The powder required for cladding is PM23 powder (4).

[0040] S3: Grind and polish the clad alloy steel substrate, place it in the center of the jacket and fill it with PM23 high-speed steel powder (3), and perform preparatory work before hot isostatic pressing such as tamping, evacuating, and sealing. Then place the jacket in a hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment. The PM23 powder steel clad layer (4-1) undergoes metallurgical bonding with the core alloy steel (1) in advance, and then the PM23 powder-solid (6) homogeneous bonding occurs, thereby improving the interface bonding quality;

[0041] S4: Anneal the jacket, then remove the jacket, machine the required shape of the rotating wheel, and then perform quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain the final composite rotating wheel.

[0042] Specific implementation method 4: The composite rotating wheel is prepared by the process method of ultra-high-speed laser cladding combined with hot isostatic pressing. Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 Describe this embodiment:

[0043] S1: Clean and grind the alloy steel substrate (1) used as the core material;

[0044] S2: Write the ultra-high-speed laser cladding trajectory program, set the process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate (1), and use the ultra-high-speed laser cladding device (5) to clad a pure nickel clad layer (2-1) with a thickness of 0.5 mm - 1.2 mm on the surface of the alloy steel substrate. The powder required for cladding is pure nickel powder (2);

[0045] S3: Grind and polish the clad alloy steel substrate, place it in the center of the jacket and fill it with PM23 high-speed steel powder, and perform preparatory work before hot isostatic pressing such as tamping, evacuating, and sealing. Then place the jacket in a hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment. The pure nickel clad layer (2-1) can hinder the element diffusion behavior between the alloy steel (1) and the powder steel (6), thereby improving the interface bonding quality;

[0046] S4: Anneal the jacket, then remove the jacket, machine the required shape of the rotating wheel, and then perform quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain the final composite rotating wheel.

[0047] Specific implementation method 5: The composite rotating wheel is prepared by the process method of ultra-high-speed laser cladding combined with hot isostatic pressing. Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 3 Describe this embodiment:

[0048] S1: Clean and grind the 9Cr2Mo alloy steel substrate (1) used as the core material;

[0049] S2: Write a program for ultra-high-speed laser cladding trajectory, set process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate (1), and use an ultra-high-speed laser cladding device (5) to clad an M2 medium alloy steel cladding layer (3-1) with a thickness of 0.5 mm - 1.2 mm on the surface of the alloy steel substrate. The powder required for cladding is M2 medium alloy powder (3);

[0050] S3: Grind and polish the clad alloy steel substrate, place it in the center of the jacket and fill it with PM23 high-speed steel powder, and carry out the preparatory work before hot isostatic pressing such as vibration compaction, vacuum pumping, and sealing welding. Subsequently, place the jacket in a hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment. The element content of the M2 steel cladding layer (2-2) is between that of the 9Cr2Mo alloy steel (1) and the PM23 powder steel (6), forming a gradient structure material, thereby improving the interface bonding quality;

[0051] S4: Anneal the jacket, then remove the jacket, machine the spinning wheel into the required shape, and then carry out quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain the final composite spinning wheel.

[0052] The specific implementation manners mentioned above are only for better explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation manners of the present invention. For those skilled in scientific research and technology in the field, the above specific implementation technical manners can still be modified, replaced, and equivalently changed. It is impossible to list all the specific implementation manners here. Any basic changes extended by the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming method for improving the bonding quality of a composite wheel with an intermediate layer structure, characterized in that: The method is achieved by the following steps: S1: Grind and clean the inner alloy steel surface; S2: Write the ultra-high-speed laser cladding trajectory program, set the process parameters, preheat the alloy steel substrate, and perform ultra-high-speed laser cladding; S3: The surface of the alloy steel after S2 cladding is polished and cleaned, the alloy steel is placed in the center of the package and filled with high-speed steel powder, and the preparatory work for hot isostatic pressing such as vibration, vacuuming, sealing and welding is carried out, and then the package is placed in a hot isostatic pressing furnace for diffusion bonding treatment; S4: annealing the sheath, then removing the sheath, machining a rotary wheel of a desired shape, and then performing quenching and tempering heat treatment to obtain a final composite rotary wheel.

2. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alloy steel substrate (1) described in S1 includes 9Cr2Mo steel and H13 steel.

3. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of ultra-high-speed laser cladding described in S2 are: laser power of 1230-4060W, powder feeding amount of 2-5g / min, both powder feeding gas and shielding gas are argon, powder feeding gas flow rate of 9-15L / min, center shielding gas flow rate of 6-10L / min, line speed of 2-5m / min, feed rate of 1-2mm / r, and single-layer cladding thickness can reach 0.5mm-1.2mm.

4. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alloy powders used in the ultra-high speed laser cladding described in S2 include Fe powder, Ni powder, M2 powder, and PM23 powder, and the powder particle size is 20-75 μm.

5. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the cladding layer can be changed according to the requirements, and specifically can form a diffusion inhibition layer structure (2-1), a gradient layer structure (3-1) and a metallurgical homogeneous layer structure (4-1).

6. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion bonding described in S3 are: temperature of 1100-1180°C, pressure of 120-150MPa, and heat and pressure maintenance for 2-4h.

7. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of the heat treatment described in S4 are: keeping at 1130°C for 2 hours and vacuum quenching, tempering at 550°C for 3 times, each time for 1 hour, and the hardness after tempering is 62-66HRC.

8. The forming method of the intermediate layer structure for improving the bonding quality of the composite roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall size of the composite rotary wheel is 300mm-500mm.

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