Five-axis machining center

Abstract

The invention provides a five-axis machining center, and belongs to the field of machining centers. The problem that scrap iron of an existing machining center cannot be cleaned in place is solved. The five-axis machining center comprises a control system, an AC rotary table and a base, a stand column is arranged on the base, a movable plate is arranged at the front end of the stand column, a spindle head is installed at the end of the movable plate, the cutting center axis of the spindle head is coaxial with the center of the AC rotary table, a cleaning mechanism is further arranged on the movable plate, and an open groove is formed in the base. An opening groove is formed in the base, a scrap bin is further installed below the opening groove, an AC rotary table is installed on the base and located above the opening groove, and the cleaning mechanism comprises a plurality of spraying head assemblies used for cleaning scrap iron, a rotating device capable of driving the spraying head assemblies to move in the circumferential direction and a swing driving device capable of driving the rotating device and the spraying head assemblies to swing. The device has the advantages of efficient scrap iron management and multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of machining centers, and relates to a five-axis machining center, and particularly to a five-axis machining center. Background Art

[0002] As the core equipment in the field of modern mechanical manufacturing, machining centers integrate functions such as numerical control technology, precision machinery, automatic control, and tool management, and are widely used in the efficient machining of complex parts in fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and mold processing.

[0003] During the cutting process of a machining center, iron chips sometimes get wound around the tool tip or the workpiece surface, causing tool breakage during the subsequent cutting process. Currently, coolant is used to remove chips while cooling the tool and the workpiece, which is caused by the design defect of the coolant nozzle. The existing nozzles adopt a fixed single-point spraying mode, and the impact range of the coolant is limited, unable to cover the chip accumulation area outside the contact area between the tool and the workpiece. When long strip-shaped iron chips are generated during machining, the scattered chips re-accumulate at the edge of the flow channel to form a secondary winding source. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a five-axis machining center to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A five-axis machining center, characterized in that it includes a control system, a movable AC turntable, and a base in an L-shaped structure. A column that can move horizontally / axially is provided on the base. A movable plate that can move longitudinally is provided at the front end of the column, and a spindle head for turning machining is installed at the end of the movable plate; The central axis of the cutting center of the spindle head is coaxial with the center of the AC turntable. A cleaning mechanism for quickly cleaning cutting iron chips is also provided on the movable plate; An opening groove for guiding and collecting cutting iron chips is opened on the base. A waste chip bin for facilitating the cleaning of cutting iron chips is installed below the opening groove. The AC turntable is installed on the base and is located above the opening groove; The cleaning mechanism includes a plurality of spray head assemblies for cleaning iron chips, a rotating device that can drive the spray head assemblies to move circumferentially, and a swing driving device that can drive the rotating device and the spray head assemblies to swing. Among them, the plurality of spray head assemblies are installed on the rotating device in an inclined structure and form a three-dimensional flushing net surrounding the spindle head; The rotating device includes a fixed connecting ring frame, a movable inner ring frame, a plurality of connecting parts fixed on the inner ring frame for installing the spray head assemblies, and a driving motor for driving the inner ring frame to rotate. The connecting ring frame and the inner ring frame are arranged coaxially, and there are also a plurality of ball bearings between them for the auxiliary rotation of the inner ring frame; The described rotating device further includes a retaining ring for blocking iron filings. The retaining ring is fixed by a plurality of connecting parts. Its spindle head sequentially passes through the retaining ring and the inner ring frame. An external gear ring axially extends downward at the lower end of the inner ring frame. The driving motor is fixed on the connecting ring frame, and its output end has an output gear meshing with the external gear ring.

[0006] In the above-mentioned five-axis machining center, the swing driving device includes two connecting side frames fixed on the moving plate and a driving unit for driving the connecting ring frame to swing and tilt. This driving unit consists of a gear disk, a servo motor, and an output belt. The gear disk is fixedly connected to the connecting ring frame through a connecting shaft. The servo motor and the conveyor belt cooperate to drive the gear disk to rotate forward and backward, and drive the connecting ring frame to swing through the connecting shaft.

[0007] In the above-mentioned five-axis machining center, the jet head assembly can be for coolant jetting and pneumatic jetting. A plurality of the jet head assemblies are sequentially and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the inner ring frame and are obliquely fixed on the connecting parts. Among them, the coolant and the pneumatic can be distributed at intervals.

[0008] In the above-mentioned five-axis machining center, a plurality of the jet head assemblies can move circumferentially along the spindle head under the control of the control system, the rotating device, and the swing driving device, and perform coolant jetting and start jetting on the cutting part to form a three-dimensional flushing net. Among them, coolant can be jetted during the cutting process, and pneumatic jetting can be performed after the cutting stops to clean the remaining iron filings.

[0009] In the above-mentioned five-axis machining center, the opening groove is arranged in an inverted eight-shaped structure and is communicated with the waste chip bin. The bottom of the waste chip bin has a plurality of rollers for easy pulling and moving.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present five-axis machining center has the following advantages: 1. The alternating use of coolant and pneumatic jetting realizes the full-cycle iron filing management of "cooling during processing + cleaning after shutdown", reduces the influence of iron filing accumulation on the machining accuracy. The inverted eight-shaped opening groove design, combined with the roller structure of the waste chip bin, ensures the rapid guiding and convenient cleaning of iron filings; 2. The circumferential rotation and tilting swing linkage of the jet head assembly form a three-dimensional flushing net, covering the machining area without dead corners, and significantly improving the cleaning efficiency; 3. The coaxial design of the connecting ring frame and the inner ring frame, combined with the auxiliary rotation of the ball bearings, reduces the frictional resistance, improves the service life of the rotating device. The combination of the L-shaped base and the moving plate enhances the rigidity of the equipment and reduces the machining vibration; 4. The control system coordinates the switching of the jetting mode (cooling / pneumatic), the rotating speed, and the swing angle to adapt to the requirements of different machining scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional simple structure of this five-axis machining center.

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional simple structure of this five-axis machining center.

[0013] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional simple structure of the rotating device of this five-axis machining center.

[0014] In the figure, 1. turntable; 2. base; 3. column; 4. moving plate; 5. spindle head; 6. opening groove; 7. waste chip bin; 8. spray head assembly; 9. connecting ring frame; 10. inner ring frame; 11. connecting part; 12. retaining ring; 13. external gear ring; 14. output gear; 15. connecting side frame; 16. gear disk; 17. servo motor; 18. output belt; 19. connecting shaft; 20. roller. Specific embodiments

[0015] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0016] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown in the figure, this five-axis machining center includes a control system, a movable AC turntable 1, and a base 2 with an L-shaped structure. A column 3 that can move horizontally / axially is arranged on the base 2. A movable plate 4 that can move longitudinally is arranged at the front end of the column 3. A spindle head 5 for turning machining is installed at the end of the movable plate 4. The cutting center axis of the spindle head 5 is coaxial with the center of the AC turntable 1. A cleaning mechanism for quickly cleaning cutting chips is also arranged on the movable plate 4. An opening groove 6 for guiding and collecting cutting chips is opened on the base 2. A waste chip bin 7 that is convenient for cleaning cutting chips is installed below the opening groove 6. The AC turntable 1 is installed on the base 2 and is located above the opening groove 6. The cleaning mechanism includes a plurality of spray head assemblies 8 for cleaning chips, a rotating device that can drive the spray head assemblies 8 to move circumferentially, and a swing driving device that can drive the rotating device and the spray head assemblies 8 to swing. Among them, the plurality of spray head assemblies 8 are installed on the rotating device in an inclined structure and form a three-dimensional flushing net surrounding the spindle head 5. The rotating device includes a fixed connecting ring frame 9, a movable inner ring frame 10, a plurality of connecting parts 11 fixed on the inner ring frame 10 for installing the spray head assemblies 8, and a driving motor for driving the inner ring frame 10 to rotate. The connecting ring frame 9 and the inner ring frame 10 are arranged in a coaxial structure, and there are also a plurality of balls between them for the auxiliary rotation of the inner ring frame 10. The rotating device also includes a retaining ring 12 for blocking chips. The retaining ring 12 is fixed through a plurality of connecting parts 11. The spindle head 5 passes through the retaining ring 12 and the inner ring frame 10 in sequence. An external gear ring 13 extends axially downward at the lower end of the inner ring frame 10. The driving motor is fixed on the connecting ring frame 9, and an output gear 14 that meshes with the external gear ring 13 is provided at the output end.

[0017] The swing driving device includes two connecting side frames 15 fixed on the movable plate 4 and a swing inclination driving unit for driving the connecting ring frame 9. The driving unit consists of a gear disk 16, a servo motor 17, and an output belt 18. The gear disk 16 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring frame 9 through a connecting shaft 19. The servo motor 17 and the conveyor belt cooperate to drive the gear disk 16 to rotate forward and backward, and drive the connecting ring frame 9 to swing through the connecting shaft 19.

[0018] The spray head assemblies 8 can be coolant spraying and pneumatic spraying. The plurality of spray head assemblies 8 are sequentially and spaced apart in the circumferential direction along the central axis of the inner ring frame 10 and are inclined and fixed on the connecting parts 11. Among them, the coolant and the pneumatic can be spaced apart. The plurality of spray head assemblies 8 can move circumferentially along the spindle head 5 under the control of the control system, the rotating device, and the swing driving device, and perform coolant and start spraying on the cutting part to form a three-dimensional flushing net. Among them, coolant can be sprayed during the cutting process, and pneumatic spraying can be performed after the cutting stops to clean the remaining chips.

[0019] The open slot 6 is arranged in an inverted eight-shaped structure and is connected to the waste chip bin 7. The bottom of the waste chip bin 7 is provided with a plurality of rollers 20 for easy pulling and moving.

[0020] Working Principle Multi-axis movement and machining: The AC turntable 1 and the L-shaped base 2 provide five-axis linkage capabilities. Through the instructions of the control system, the column 3 is driven to move horizontally / axially, the moving plate 4 moves longitudinally, and in cooperation with the rotation of the spindle head 5, high-precision machining of complex curved surfaces is achieved. The spindle head 5 is coaxial with the center of the AC turntable 1 to ensure the relative position accuracy of the tool and the workpiece during the machining process.

[0021] Iron chip cleaning process: Cutting stage: The spray head assembly 8 flushes the machining area in real time through coolant spraying to reduce the cutting temperature and wash away the iron chips.

[0022] During machining gaps or stops: Switch to pneumatic spraying, and use high-pressure air flow to further clean the residual iron chips to form a "three-dimensional flushing net".

[0023] Iron chip collection: The iron chips are guided to the waste chip bin 7 below through the inverted eight-shaped open slot 6 on the base 2. The bottom of the waste chip bin 7 is equipped with rollers 20 for easy pulling and cleaning.

[0024] Dynamic control of the cleaning mechanism: The rotating device drives the inner ring frame 10 to rotate through the drive motor, so that the spray head assembly 8 moves circumferentially around the spindle head 5. The swing drive device drives the gear disk 16 to rotate forward and backward through the servo motor 17, driving the connecting ring frame 9 to tilt and swing, expanding the spraying coverage range.

[0025] Implementation steps: Clamping and positioning: Fix the blank on the AC turntable 1, and adjust the positions of the column 3 and the moving plate 4 through the control system to align the spindle head 5 with the machining starting point.

[0026] Rough machining stage: The spindle head 5 starts milling. At the same time, the spray head assembly 8 operates in the coolant mode to wash away the iron chips and cool the tool. The rotating device drives the spray head assembly 8 to rotate around the spindle head 5 to cover the contact area between the tool and the workpiece.

[0027] Finishing stage: When the machining pauses, the control system switches to the pneumatic spraying mode, and the high-pressure air flow removes the residual iron chips to avoid scratching the surface of the workpiece. The swing drive device starts, driving the spray head assembly 8 to tilt and swing to clean the dead corners in the impeller flow channel.

[0028] Iron chip collection: The iron chips slide into the waste chip bin 7 through the open slot 6. After the machining is completed, the waste chip bin 7 is directly pulled out for centralized treatment.

[0029] Machining completion: The AC turntable 1 resets, the moving plate 4 returns to the initial position, and the equipment enters the standby state.

[0030] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar means for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0031] Although the terms are used more frequently herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; any interpretation of them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis machining center, characterized in that: The invention comprises a control system, a movable AC turntable (1) and a base (2) in an L-shaped structure, wherein a column (3) capable of being moved laterally / axially is arranged on the base (2), a movable plate (4) capable of being moved longitudinally is arranged at the front end of the column (3), and a spindle head (5) for turning processing is installed at the end of the movable plate (4); The cutting center axis of the spindle head (5) is coaxial with the center of the AC turntable (1), and a cleaning mechanism for quickly cleaning cutting chips is also provided on the movable plate (4); The base (2) is provided with an open groove (6) for guiding and collecting cutting iron chips, and a waste chip bin (7) for cleaning cutting iron chips is installed below the open groove (6). The AC turntable (1) is installed on the base (2) and is located above the open groove (6); The cleaning mechanism comprises a plurality of spray head assemblies (8) for cleaning iron filings, a rotating device capable of driving the spray head assemblies (8) to move in a circumferential direction, and a swing driving device capable of driving the rotating device and the spray head assemblies (8) to swing, wherein the plurality of spray head assemblies (8) are installed on the rotating device in an inclined structure, and form a three-dimensional flushing net surrounding the spindle head (5); The rotating device comprises a fixed connecting ring frame (9), a movable inner ring frame (10), a plurality of connecting parts (11) fixed on the inner ring frame (10) and for mounting the injection head assembly (8), and a driving motor for driving the inner ring frame (10) to rotate, wherein the connecting ring frame (9) and the inner ring frame (10) are arranged in a coaxial structure, and a plurality of balls are provided between the two for assisting the rotation of the inner ring frame (10); The rotating device also includes a retaining ring (12) for iron chip retaining, the retaining ring (12) is fixed by a plurality of connecting parts (11), and its main shaft head (5) passes through the retaining ring (12) and the inner ring frame (10) in sequence, and the lower end of the inner ring frame (10) is axially extended downward with an outer gear ring (13), and the driving motor is fixed on the connecting ring frame (9), and the output end has an output gear (14) meshing with the outer gear ring (13).

2. A five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing driving device comprises two connecting side frames (15) fixed on the moving plate (4) and a driving unit for driving the connecting ring frame (9) to swing and tilt. The driving unit comprises a gear plate (16), a servo motor (17) and an output belt (18). The gear plate (16) and the connecting ring frame (9) are fixedly connected via a connecting shaft (19). The servo motor (17) and the conveyor belt cooperate to drive the gear plate (16) to rotate forward and reverse, and drive the connecting ring frame (9) to swing via the connecting shaft (19).

3. A five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection head assembly (8) can be a coolant injection and a pneumatic injection. A plurality of the injection head assemblies (8) are sequentially spaced apart in a circumferential direction along the central axis of the inner ring frame (10) and are obliquely fixed on the connecting portion (11). The coolant and the pneumatic injection can be spaced apart and automatically switched to the pneumatic injection after the cutting stops.

4. A five-axis machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of spray head assemblies (8) can move circumferentially along the main spindle head (5) under the control of the control system, the rotating device and the swing driving device, and can spray coolant and start spraying at the cutting position to form a three-dimensional flushing network, wherein coolant can be sprayed during the cutting process, and pneumatic spraying can be performed after the cutting stops to clean the residual iron chips.

5. The five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening groove (6) is arranged in an octagonal structure and is connected to the waste bin (7). The bottom of the waste bin (7) is provided with a plurality of rollers (20) for easy pulling and movement.

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