Multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling

Abstract

The multistage hydraulic reamer while drilling comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a plurality of stages of blade sliding groove units, the inner wall, close to a liquid inlet, of the shell is connected with a center pipe through threads, the rotation section of the center pipe is in a J shape, and the inner wall, close to a liquid outlet, of the shell is connected with a ball seat through threads. The outer wall of the central pipe is sequentially sleeved with a spring, a plurality of sets of blade units and a piston in the direction away from the liquid inlet. According to the multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling, the problem that in the prior art, a reamer of a reaming tool while drilling is large in vibration is solved, the multiple sets of blade units are arranged, the cutting capacity is improved after the number of blades is multiplied, the blades are distributed in a staggered mode, the circumferential contact area between the blades and a well wall is increased, and the effects of centralizing the reamer and reducing vibration of the reamer can be achieved; the possibility that the reamer is damaged or scrapped too early is effectively reduced, and the effects of prolonging the service life of the reamer and improving the quality of a well bore are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling tools, and in particular to a multi-stage hydraulic drilling reamer. Background Art

[0002] Reaming-while-drilling technology is a drilling technology that uses a combination of reaming-while-drilling tools and conventional drill bits to expand the size of the open hole section while drilling in full, making it larger than the inner diameter of the upper casing string. Reaming-while-drilling technology reduces the number of trips and drill bits and has high efficiency. It has been widely used in salt-gypsum layer drilling, ultra-deep wells, small clearance wells, sidetracking wells and complex well conditions. However, during the operation, the blades of conventional reamers are severely worn when they encounter hard formations, and the reamer has to be replaced by tripping and drilling many times, making it difficult to achieve the goal of "one-trip reaming". During horizontal section reaming operations, the conventional reamer is driven by the rotation of the drill string, and the blades of the "lying flat" reamer contact the well wall with three support points to make irregular circular motions. The reamer is prematurely or abnormally damaged due to large vibrations of radial and circumferential coupling, or even seriously scrapped, ending the service life of the reamer ahead of schedule. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling, which solves the problem of large vibration of the reamer while drilling tool during reaming operation in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-stage hydraulic drilling reamer, including a shell, a plurality of knife wing slide groove units are opened on the shell, the inner wall of the shell near the liquid inlet is connected to a center tube through a thread, the rotary cross-section of the center tube is "J" shaped, the inner wall of the shell near the liquid outlet is connected to a ball seat through a thread, and the outer wall of the center tube is sequentially sleeved with a spring, a plurality of knife wing units and a piston in a direction away from the liquid inlet.

[0005] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0006] Each level of blade wing sliding groove units is a plurality of evenly distributed sliding grooves opened along a circumference of the shell.

[0007] The blade unit includes a stop ring, the rotating cross-section of the stop ring is "T" shaped, a spring is arranged between the end face of the center tube close to the liquid inlet and the stop ring, and also includes a driving ring, the stop ring and the driving ring are provided with a plurality of blades, and the other end face of the driving ring close to the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston.

[0008] The piston is sleeved in the shell, and the end surface of the piston close to the liquid outlet is in contact with the ball seat.

[0009] A spacer ring is arranged between two adjacent groups of blade wing units, the end surface of the spacer ring close to the liquid inlet is in contact with the driving ring, and the end surface of the spacer ring away from the liquid inlet is in contact with the stop ring.

[0010] A plurality of blade slideways are arranged on two sides of the blade wing, and each blade wing is slidably connected with the slide groove through the blade slideway.

[0011] A nozzle flow channel is provided at the position where the shell and the piston are sleeved, and a nozzle is installed in the nozzle flow channel.

[0012] The circumferential arrangement of two adjacent levels of blade wing chute units differs by 0° or 60°, and a plurality of chip removal grooves are arranged on the outer wall of the shell, and the chip removal grooves are arranged between adjacent chute grooves.

[0013] The blade slideway angle is α, the maximum extension radius is R, and the relationship between the blade slideway angles of two adjacent blade units is α n-1 ≤α n , the maximum radius is R n-1 ≤R n And R n-1 / tag(α n-1 )=R n / tag(α n ), the bevel angle of the slide groove is the same as the bevel angle of the corresponding slideway of the corresponding blade.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the multi-stage hydraulic reamer of the present invention has multiple groups of blade units, the cutting capacity is improved after the number of blades is doubled, the staggered distribution of the blades increases the circumferential contact area with the well wall, can play the role of centering the reamer and reducing the vibration of the reamer, effectively reduce the possibility of premature damage or scrapping of the reamer, achieve the effect of extending the service life of the reamer and improving the quality of the wellbore, and provide a new reamer and use method for the reaming while drilling technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the blade retraction structure of the multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the blade extension structure of the multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chip removal groove of the multi-stage hydraulic drilling reamer of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the blade of the multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of Example 5 of the multi-stage hydraulic reamer while drilling of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Housing, 2. Central tube, 3. Ball seat, 4. Actuating ball, 5. Nozzle channel, 6. Piston, 7. Driving ring, 8. Blade, 9. Stop ring, 10. Spacer ring, 11. Slide groove, 12. Spring, 13. Chip removal groove. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed implementation mode.

[0023] As Figure 1 described, the present invention provides a multi-stage hydraulic hole opener while drilling, including a housing 1, on which several stages of blade slide groove units are provided. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central tube 2, the purpose of which is to fix the central tube 2. The cross-section of the central tube 2 in the rotary direction is in the shape of "J", the purpose of which is to fix one end of the spring 12. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat 3. The outer wall of the central tube 2 is successively sleeved with a spring 12, several groups of blade units and a piston 6 along the direction away from the liquid inlet.

[0024] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, each stage of blade slide groove unit is several uniformly distributed slide grooves 11 opened along the circumference of the housing 1, the purpose of which is to slidably cooperate with the blades. The blade unit includes a stop ring 9, the cross-section of the stop ring 9 in the rotary direction is in the shape of "T". A spring 12 is arranged between the end face of the central tube 2 near the liquid inlet and the stop ring 9. It also includes a driving ring 7. Several blades 8 are arranged on the stop ring 9 and the driving ring 7. The other end face of the driving ring 7 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston 6. The piston 6 is sleeved in the housing 1, and the end face of the piston 6 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the ball seat 3. A spacer ring 10 is arranged between two adjacent groups of blade units. The end face of the spacer ring 10 near the liquid inlet is in contact with the driving ring 7, and the end face of the spacer ring 10 away from the liquid inlet is in contact with the stop ring 9. Several blade slide ways are provided on two side faces of the blade 8, and each blade 8 is slidably connected with the slide groove 11 through the blade slide way. The staggered distribution of the blades 8 increases the circumferential contact area with the wellbore, which can play the role of centering the hole opener and reducing the vibration of the hole opener.

[0025] A nozzle channel 5 is provided at the position where the housing 1 is sleeved with the piston 6, and a nozzle is installed in the nozzle channel 5.

[0026] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the circumferential arrangement of two adjacent stages of blade slide groove units differs by 0° or 60°. The purpose of staggering by 60° is to make the blades 8 of two adjacent groups stagger. Several chip removal grooves 13 are provided on the outer wall of the housing 1, and the chip removal grooves 13 are arranged between adjacent slide grooves 11, the purpose of which is to increase the flow channel of drilling fluid or cuttings, thereby increasing the flow rate; the oblique angle of the blade slide way is α, the maximum radius of extension is R, and the relationship between the oblique angles of the blade slide ways of the blades 8 of two adjacent groups of blade units is αn-1 ≤α n The relationship between the maximum radius extended is R n-1 ≤R n and R n-1 / tag(α n-1 ) = R n / tag(α n ), the bevel angle of the chute 11 is the same as the bevel angle of the corresponding slideway of the corresponding cutter wing.

[0027] The multi-stage hydraulic hole opener provided by the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, its working principle is that when the multi-stage hydraulic hole opener works, high-pressure mud carries the excitation ball 4 through the central tube 2 and flows into the inner cavity of the piston 6 to form a high-pressure cavity. The high-pressure mud pushes the piston 6 towards the liquid inlet, pushing the drive ring 7, cutter wing 8, stop ring 9 and spacer ring 10 to move. The spring 12 is compressed and contracted. At the same time, the cutter wing 8 extends along the chute 11 on the housing to contact the wellbore and then cut and break the rock. Due to the movement of the piston 6, the high-pressure cavity is connected to the nozzle flow channel 5. When the pressure of the high-pressure mud is greater than the rated pressure of the nozzle, the nozzle relieves pressure to achieve the purpose of protecting the cutter wing unit. After the pump is stopped, the mud in the central tube 2 has no pressure. The acting force of the spring 12 and the wellbore pressure cause the drive ring 7, cutter wing 8, stop ring 9, spacer ring 10 and piston 6 to return to their original positions. In this way, the cutter wing contracts and returns to the housing 1, and the hole opening operation stops.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, the multi-stage hydraulic hole opener proposed in this embodiment includes a housing 1. A plurality of cutter wing chute units are provided on the housing 1. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central tube 2. The rotary cross-section of the central tube 2 is in the shape of "J". The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat 3. The outer wall of the central tube 2 is sequentially sleeved with a spring 12, a plurality of groups of cutter wing units and a piston 6 along the direction away from the liquid inlet.

[0030] Embodiment 2

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer proposed in this embodiment includes a housing 1. A number of stages of blade chute units are provided on the housing 1. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central pipe 2. The rotary cross-section of the central pipe 2 is in the shape of a "J". The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat 3. A spring 12, a number of groups of blade units and a piston 6 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the central pipe 2 in the direction away from the liquid inlet. Each stage of blade chute unit is a number of uniformly distributed chutes 11 opened along the circumference of the housing 1. The blade unit includes a stop ring 9. The rotary cross-section of the stop ring 9 is in the shape of a "T". A spring 12 is provided between the end face of the central pipe 2 near the liquid inlet and the stop ring 9. It also includes a driving ring 7. A number of blades 8 are provided on the stop ring 9 and the driving ring 7. The other end face of the driving ring 7 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston 6. The piston 6 is sleeved in the housing 1. The end face of the piston 6 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the ball seat 3. A spacer ring 10 is provided between two adjacent groups of blade units. The end face of the spacer ring 10 near the liquid inlet is in contact with the driving ring 7. The end face of the spacer ring 10 away from the liquid inlet is in contact with the stop ring 9.

[0032] Embodiment 3

[0033] As Figures 1 - 4 shown in the figure, it includes a housing 1. A number of stages of blade chute units are provided on the housing 1. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central pipe 2. The rotary cross-section of the central pipe 2 is in the shape of a "J". The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat 3. A spring 12, a number of groups of blade units and a piston 6 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the central pipe 2 in the direction away from the liquid inlet. Each stage of blade chute unit is a number of uniformly distributed chutes 11 opened along the circumference of the housing 1. The blade unit includes a stop ring 9. The rotary cross-section of the stop ring 9 is in the shape of a "T". A spring 12 is provided between the end face of the central pipe 2 near the liquid inlet and the stop ring 9. It also includes a driving ring 7. A number of blades 8 are provided on the stop ring 9 and the driving ring 7. The other end face of the driving ring 7 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston 6. The piston 6 is sleeved in the housing 1. The end face of the piston 6 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the ball seat 3. A spacer ring 10 is provided between two adjacent groups of blade units. The end face of the spacer ring 10 near the liquid inlet is in contact with the driving ring 7. The end face of the spacer ring 10 away from the liquid inlet is in contact with the stop ring 9. A number of blade slides are provided on two side faces of the blade 8. Each blade 8 is slidably connected to the chute 11 through the blade slide. A nozzle flow channel 5 is provided at the position where the housing 1 is sleeved with the piston 6. A nozzle is installed in the nozzle flow channel 5. The circumferential arrangement of two adjacent stages of blade chute units differs by 0° or 60°. A number of chip removal grooves 13 are provided on the outer wall of the housing 1. The chip removal grooves 13 are provided between adjacent chutes 11; the blade slide angle is α, the maximum extended radius is R, and the relationship between the blade slide angles of the blades 8 of two adjacent groups of blade units is α n-1 ≤α n, the relationship of the maximum extended radius is R n-1 ≤R n and R n-1 / tag(α n-1 ) = R n / tag(α n ), the bevel angle of the chute 11 is the same as the bevel angle of the corresponding slideway of the corresponding blade

[0034] Embodiment 4

[0035] As Figure 5 shown, the first-stage two-group blade type of the multi-stage hydraulic downhole reamer proposed in this embodiment includes a housing 1. An first-stage blade chute unit is provided on the housing 1. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central pipe 2. The rotary cross-section of the central pipe 2 is in a "J" shape. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat 3. A spring 12, two groups of blade units and a piston 6 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the central pipe 2 along the direction away from the liquid inlet. Each stage of blade chute unit is a plurality of uniformly distributed chutes 11 opened along the circumference of the housing 1. The blade unit includes a stop ring 9. The rotary cross-section of the stop ring 9 is in a "T" shape. A spring 12 is arranged between the end face of the central pipe 2 near the liquid inlet side and the stop ring 9. It further includes a driving ring 7. Three blades 8 are provided on the stop ring 9 and the driving ring 7. The other end face of the driving ring 7 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston 6. The piston 6 is sleeved in the housing 1. The end face of the piston 6 near the liquid outlet side is in contact with the ball seat 3. A spacer ring 10 is arranged between two adjacent groups of blade units. The end face of the spacer ring 10 near the liquid inlet side is in contact with the driving ring 7. The end face of the spacer ring 10 away from the liquid inlet side is in contact with the stop ring 9. A plurality of blade slideways are provided on two side faces of the blade 8. Each blade 8 is slidably connected with the chute 11 through the blade slideway. A nozzle flow channel 5 is provided at the position where the housing 1 is sleeved with the piston 6. A nozzle is installed in the nozzle flow channel 5. The circumferential arrangement of two adjacent stages of blade chute units differs by 0° or 60°. A plurality of chip removal grooves 13 are provided on the outer wall of the housing 1. The chip removal grooves 13 are arranged between adjacent chutes 11; the bevel angle of the blade slideway is α, the maximum extended radius is R, and the relationship of the bevel angles of the blade slideways of the blades 8 of two adjacent groups of blade units is α n-1 ≤α n , the relationship of the maximum extended radius is R n-1 ≤R n and R n-1 / tag(α n-1 ) = R n / tag(α n ), the bevel angle of the chute 11 is the same as the bevel angle of the corresponding slideway of the corresponding blade

[0036] Embodiment 5

[0037] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, the two-stage and four-group blade type of the multi-stage hydraulic hole opener while drilling proposed in this embodiment includes a housing 1. A two-stage blade chute unit is provided on the housing 1. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central pipe 2. The rotary cross-section of the central pipe 2 is in a "J" shape. The inner wall of the housing 1 near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat 3. A spring 12, four groups of blade units and a piston 6 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the central pipe 2 along the direction away from the liquid inlet. Each stage of the blade chute unit is a number of evenly distributed chutes 11 opened along the circumference of the housing 1. The blade unit includes a stop ring 9. The rotary cross-section of the stop ring 9 is in a "T" shape. A spring 12 is provided between the end face of the central pipe 2 near the liquid inlet side and the stop ring 9. It also includes a driving ring 7. Three blades 8 are provided on the stop ring 9 and the driving ring 7. The other end face of the driving ring 7 near the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston 6. The piston 6 is sleeved in the housing 1. The end face of the piston 6 near the liquid outlet side is in contact with the ball seat 3. A spacer ring 10 is provided between adjacent two groups of blade units. The end face of the spacer ring 10 near the liquid inlet side is in contact with the driving ring 7. The end face of the spacer ring 10 away from the liquid inlet side is in contact with the stop ring 9. A number of blade slideways are provided on the two side faces of the blade 8. Each blade 8 is slidably connected with the chute 11 through the blade slideway. A nozzle flow passage 5 is provided at the position where the housing 1 is sleeved with the piston 6. A nozzle is installed in the nozzle flow passage 5. The circumferential arrangement of adjacent two-stage blade chute units differs by 0° or 60°. A number of chip removal grooves 13 are provided on the outer wall of the housing 1. The chip removal grooves 13 are arranged between adjacent chutes 11. The blade slideway angle is α, the maximum extended radius is R. The relationship between the blade slideway angles of the blades 8 of adjacent two groups of blade units is α n-1 ≤α n , and the relationship between the maximum extended radii is R n-1 ≤R n and R n-1 / tag(α n-1 ) = R n / tag(α n ), and the angle of the chute 11 is the same as the angle of the corresponding blade slideway of the corresponding blade.

Claims

1. Multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling, Characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), on which several stages of cutter blade chute units are provided. The inner wall of the housing (1) near the liquid inlet is threadedly connected with a central pipe (2). The cross-section of the central pipe (2) in the rotary section is in the shape of "J". The inner wall of the housing (1) near the liquid outlet is threadedly connected with a ball seat (3). A spring (12), several groups of cutter blade units and a piston (6) are successively sleeved on the outer wall of the central pipe (2) along the direction away from the liquid inlet.

2. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 1, Characterized in that, Each stage of cutter blade chute unit is several uniformly distributed chutes (11) opened along one week of the housing (1).

3. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 2, Characterized in that, The cutter blade unit includes a stop ring (9). The cross-section of the stop ring (9) in the rotary section is in the shape of "T". A spring (12) is arranged between the end face of the central pipe (2) on the side near the liquid inlet and the stop ring (9). It also includes a driving ring (7). Several cutter blades (8) are provided on the stop ring (9) and the driving ring (7). The other end face of the driving ring (7) near the liquid outlet is in contact with the piston (6).

4. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 3, Characterized in that, The piston (6) is sleeved in the housing (1). The end face of the piston (6) on the side near the liquid outlet is in contact with the ball seat (3).

5. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 4, Characterized in that, An interval ring (10) is arranged between two adjacent groups of cutter blade units. The end face of the interval ring (10) on the side near the liquid inlet is in contact with the driving ring (7). The end face of the interval ring (10) on the side away from the liquid inlet is in contact with the stop ring (9).

6. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 5, Characterized in that, Several cutter blade slideways are provided on two side faces of the cutter blade (8). Each cutter blade (8) is slidably connected with the chute (11) through the cutter blade slideway.

7. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 6, Characterized in that, A nozzle flow channel (5) is provided at the position where the housing (1) is sleeved with the piston (6). A nozzle is installed in the nozzle flow channel (5).

8. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 7, Characterized in that, The circumferential difference between two adjacent stages of cutter blade chute units is arranged at 0° or 60°. Several chip removal grooves (13) are provided on the outer wall of the housing (1). The chip removal grooves (13) are arranged between adjacent chutes (11).

9. The multi-stage hydraulic under-reamer while drilling according to claim 8, Characterized in that, The included angle of the blade wing slideway is α, and the maximum extended radius is R. The relationship between the included angles of the blade wing slideways of two adjacent groups of blade wing units (8) is α n-1 ≤α n , and the relationship between the maximum extended radii is R n-1 ≤R n and R n-1 / tag(α n-1 ) = R n / tag(α n ). The included angle of the chute (11) is the same as that of the corresponding blade wing slideway.

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