A mine backfill roadway opening plugging and supporting device and its usage method

Abstract

This application belongs to the technical field of tailings backfilling, specifically a mine backfilling roadway opening plugging and supporting device and its usage method, including a support component, two fixing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support component, and a plurality of clamping components are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the support component; the support component includes a steel pipe, both sides of the steel pipe are movably connected with screw rods, the other ends of the screw rods are provided with connecting platforms, an elastic column is arranged at the axis of the connecting platform, a spherical end is arranged at the other end of the elastic column, a plurality of pressure sensors are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end, and a plurality of support sleeves are evenly arranged on the side wall of the connecting platform; the fixing component includes a bowl-shaped head; the clamping component includes a clamping ring; this mine backfilling roadway opening plugging and supporting device is simple to operate, safe and stable, meets the needs of most mines, has high plugging and supporting efficiency, good plugging and supporting effect, strong adaptability, good controllability, high safety, and good stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of tailings backfilling, and specifically relates to a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfilling roadway opening and a usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cemented backfilling of goafs with tailings sand is a technical means for most non-coal mine mining enterprises to dispose of tailings sand at present. The filling operation volume of tailings sand for backfilling goafs has increased significantly. Most of it is used for backfilling underground goafs, that is, underground mine shafts formed during the mining process. Before filling, it is necessary to seal the mine roadway openings of the goafs to prevent the filled tailings slurry from flowing out.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN110748379B involves a mine plugging method and its structure, which uses the processes of roughening and grooving the cave wall, brick masonry, temporary water diversion, clay filling, and concrete plugging of the wellhead to plug the mine; the plugging effect of this plugging structure is poor and the plugging efficiency is low.

[0004] Chinese invention application CN118481735A provides a water sealing plugging agent for coal mines underground and a method for plugging a closed wall in coal mines underground. The water sealing plugging agent for coal mines underground includes: at least two groups of limiting components arranged on the two side walls, the top wall, and the bottom wall of the mine, and the limiting components are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the mine; the operation difficulty of this plugging device is large and the plugging accuracy is low.

[0005] The above methods all have significant defects: the loss of supporting materials is large. Mine roadway openings are generally irregular in shape and have large size differences. Many of the removed steel or wood cannot be reused, resulting in greater material waste and increasing the economic burden on mining enterprises; it is generally very humid underground or even in a dripping state, which is particularly troublesome during welding or demolition cutting, and there are great safety risks during operation; if a concrete wall is built or a thick brick wall is constructed, the operation time is long, the material consumption is large, it cannot be reused, and the cost is high; when using profiled steel or I-beams, the materials are heavy, and the handling in underground roadways basically depends on manpower, resulting in high personnel costs.

[0006] And after the holes are pre-drilled inside the wall, it is necessary to install and fix the plugging and supporting device. However, if the punching positions in multiple walls are different and the corresponding holes cannot be guaranteed to be in the same plane, then the subsequent multiple plugging and supporting devices will tilt during installation, reducing the supporting strength and the suspension stability of the steel mesh and dust-proof filter cloth.

[0007] Meanwhile, if the sizes of the mine backfill portal are different, the lengths of the plugging and supporting devices used are correspondingly different, and the self-weights of the plugging and supporting devices are different. At this time, if the extrusion force of the plugging and supporting device cannot be adjusted correspondingly, the plugging and supporting device will bend and deform under its own weight, thereby reducing the installation flatness. Moreover, after the plugging is completed, there is a lack of a quick disassembly function, and it is difficult and inefficient for the operator to disassemble one by one.

[0008] And when the filling material is continuously introduced into the mine, the extrusion force exerted by the filling material on the side wall of the plugging and supporting device through the steel mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth is continuously increasing. If the supporting force of the plugging and supporting device cannot be adjusted in time, the plugging and supporting devices after multiple splicing will continuously deform and collapse, thereby reducing the plugging and supporting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfill portal and a using method.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solution: A plugging and supporting device for a mine backfill portal, comprising a supporting component, two fixing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the supporting component, and a plurality of clamping components are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the supporting component;

[0011] The supporting component includes a steel pipe, screws are movably connected to both sides of the steel pipe, a connecting platform is arranged at the other end of the screw, an elastic column is arranged at the center of the connecting platform, a spherical end is arranged at the other end of the elastic column, a plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end, and a plurality of supporting sleeves are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the connecting platform;

[0012] The fixing component includes a bowl-shaped head;

[0013] The clamping component includes a snap ring.

[0014] The plugging and supporting device for the mine backfill portal adaptively adjusts the length of the steel pipe according to the size of the mine backfill portal, thereby ensuring the plugging and supporting effect of the steel pipe on the mine backfill portal; at the same time, it adjusts the distance between the spherical end and the elastic column by adjusting the length of the steel pipe, further adjusting the elastic frictional force between the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head; and when the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head are squeezed and spliced and the position changes, it correspondingly adjusts the length of the supporting sleeve, and the supporting sleeve drives the position of the spherical end inside the bowl-shaped head, so as to ensure that the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head are in the best installation position; and when the filling material in the mine continuously increases and the extrusion force exerted by the filling material on the steel pipe continuously increases, it correspondingly adjusts the degree of the supporting sleeve and adjusts the thrust of the plurality of supporting sleeves on the spherical end to ensure the extrusion and fixing effect between the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head; when the filling is completed, the supporting sleeve drives the spherical end to move in the reverse direction and realizes the quick removal from the bowl-shaped head, reducing the installation difficulty and improving the installation efficiency.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the lengths of the multiple steel pipes are different. A hollow cavity is provided inside the steel pipe. A threaded sleeve is hermetically and slidably connected inside the hollow cavity. The internal thread inside the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod by threading.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a fixing nut is provided at one end of the threaded sleeve away from the steel pipe. A plurality of positioning pins are evenly provided on the side wall of the fixing nut. A plurality of card slots are evenly provided at both ends of the steel pipe. The card slots are fixedly connected to the positioning pins by clamping. The fixing nut and the threaded sleeve match each other and the inner walls are both threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an installation nut is threadedly connected to one end of the screw rod away from the steel pipe. The other end of the installation nut is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connection platform. A controller is provided inside the connection platform. The controller electrically controls each electrical component. The side wall of the connection platform matches the end of the screw rod.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the elastic column is elastic. One end of the support sleeve away from the connection platform is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end. A connection spring is provided on the side wall of the connection platform and inside the support sleeve. The other end of the connection spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an expansion cavity is provided inside the support sleeve. A plurality of sinking grooves are evenly provided on the circumferential surface of the connection platform. An air pump is provided inside the sinking grooves. One end of the plurality of sinking grooves close to each other is provided with an air guide hole. The other end of the air guide hole passes through the connection platform and is connected to the inside of the expansion cavity. The output end of the air pump is connected to the inside of the air guide hole. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure value received at the end of the spherical end.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a docking groove is provided inside the bowl-shaped head. The inner wall of the docking groove matches the outer surface of the spherical end. A threaded cover is provided at one end of the bowl-shaped head away from the steel pipe. An anchor rod is provided at the other end of the threaded cover. The end of the anchor rod is provided with an external thread. The internal thread inside the threaded cover is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the external thread by threading. The anchor rod is inserted into the wall of the mine backfill roadway opening.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an inner groove is provided inside the snap ring. The inner wall of the inner groove is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel pipe by clamping. Plugging holes are provided inside the snap ring. The inner walls of the plugging holes match the outer surface of the steel pipe. The plugging holes and the inner groove are vertically and staggeredly arranged.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a threaded hole is provided on one side of the snap ring, and a fastening bolt is threadedly connected inside the threaded hole. The end of the fastening bolt is press-fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe. A lifting ring is provided at the end of the snap ring away from the fastening bolt, and the end of the lifting ring suspends the steel mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for using a mine backfill roadway mouth plugging and supporting device, including the following steps:

[0024] S1. Install a plurality of the bowl-shaped heads on the inner wall of the mine. The distance between the two ends of the steel pipe and the connecting platform is adjusted by means of the screw telescopic adjustment. The spherical end is press-fixed to the bowl-shaped head, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches the set first pressure preset value.

[0025] S2. When the length of the steel pipe increases, the volume of the support sleeve decreases and drives the spherical end to press the elastic column to move towards the connecting platform end, and the distance between the spherical end and the end of the steel pipe decreases.

[0026] S3. The snap ring vertically misaligns and installs a plurality of steel pipes. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor on one side of the spherical end increases and is greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value, the volume of the corresponding support sleeve increases and drives the spherical end to rotate and tilt in the opposite direction.

[0027] S4. As the filling in the mine continuously increases and the extrusion force applied to the side wall of the steel pipe increases, when the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors at the end of the same steel pipe away from the mine all increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, the volumes of a plurality of the support sleeves all increase and drive the spherical ends to move away from the connecting platform end, and the extrusion friction force between the spherical ends and the bowl-shaped heads increases.

[0028] S5. When the filling amount in the mine continuously increases and reaches the set maximum value, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor at the end away from the mine reaches the set maximum pressure value. The volume of the support sleeve decreases and drives the spherical end to move towards the connecting platform end to the maximum distance, and the spherical end is disengaged from the snap connection with the bowl-shaped head.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0030] 1. In the present invention, steel pipes of different lengths are selected according to different sizes of the mine backfill roadway mouth, and the distance between the spherical end and the connecting platform is correspondingly adjusted, further improving the support stability and efficiency of the steel pipe and meeting the plugging and support requirements for different mine backfill roadway mouths.

[0031] 2. In the present invention, after correcting and installing multiple vertically misaligned steel pipes, the supporting force of the supporting sleeve for the spherical end is adjusted correspondingly to ensure the friction correction and fixation effect of the spherical end in the docking groove inside the bowl-shaped head.

[0032] 3. In the present invention, when introducing filling materials into the mine, the extrusion friction force between the spherical end and the docking groove inside the bowl-shaped head is increased correspondingly to ensure the limiting and supporting effect of the spherical end on the steel pipe, and the reverse plugging and supporting effect of the steel pipe on the filling materials inside the mine is improved correspondingly.

[0033] 4. In the present invention, after the introduction of the filling materials inside the mine is completed, the volume of the supporting sleeve decreases and drives the spherical end to move towards the connecting platform end to the maximum distance, and the spherical end quickly disengages from the docking groove inside the bowl-shaped head, thereby improving the demolition efficiency and effect, reducing the installation intensity of the operator, and improving the installation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the supporting component and the clamping component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is the front internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the supporting component and the clamping component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged schematic diagram at A in

[0038] Figure 5 is Figure 3 the enlarged schematic diagram at B in

[0039] Figure 6 is the exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the supporting component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 is the front internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 is the exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 is the exploded three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping component of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure, 1 is the support assembly; 101 is the steel pipe; 102 is the threaded sleeve; 103 is the card slot; 104 is the fixing nut; 105 is the positioning pin; 106 is the screw rod; 107 is the mounting nut; 108 is the connecting platform; 109 is the elastic column; 110 is the support sleeve; 111 is the connecting spring; 112 is the spherical end; 113 is the pressure sensor; 114 is the air vent hole; 115 is the sunk groove; 116 is the air pump; 117 is the expansion cavity; 118 is the hollow cavity; 2 is the fixing assembly; 201 is the anchor rod; 202 is the external thread; 203 is the threaded cover; 204 is the bowl-shaped head; 205 is the docking groove; 3 is the clamping assembly; 301 is the snap ring; 302 is the inner groove; 303 is the insertion hole; 304 is the threaded hole; 305 is the fastening bolt; 306 is the lifting ring. Detailed implementation mode

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] First embodiment

[0047] As Figures 1 - 10 shown, this embodiment discloses a support device for plugging a mine backfill roadway entrance, which includes a support assembly 1. Two fixing assemblies 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support assembly 1. The fixing assemblies 2 are inserted and fixed with the mine backfill roadway entrance. Then, the support assembly 1 is installed between the two corresponding fixing assemblies 2. And a plurality of support assemblies 1 are installed vertically and horizontally in a staggered manner, which is convenient for hanging a steel mesh and a dust filter cloth subsequently, so as to realize the plugging and support of the mine backfill roadway entrance. A plurality of clamping assemblies 3 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the support assembly 1. The plurality of clamping assemblies 3 install and fix the support assemblies 1 distributed vertically and horizontally in a staggered manner, effectively improving the support stability and safety of the plurality of support assemblies 1.

[0048] The support component 1 includes a steel pipe 101. Both sides of the steel pipe 101 are movably connected with screw rods 106. The lengths of multiple steel pipes 101 are different and can be arbitrarily selected according to the width and length of the mine backfill roadway opening during actual use, so as to achieve rough adjustment of the plugging support length, improve the adaptability and stability of the steel pipe 101. At the same time, the screw rod 106 rotates inside the steel pipe 101 to perform fine adjustment on the plugging support length. The rough adjustment and fine adjustment cooperate with each other to ensure the plugging support effect for different mine backfill roadway openings. A hollow cavity 118 is provided inside the steel pipe 101. A threaded sleeve 102 is hermetically and slidably connected inside the hollow cavity 118. The internal thread of the threaded sleeve 102 is threadedly fixed to the outer surface of the screw rod 106. Then the threaded sleeve 102 is inserted and fixed inside the steel pipe 101. At the same time, the screw rod 106 rotates threadedly with the threaded sleeve 102 for fine adjustment, improving the installation efficiency and adjustment accuracy.

[0049] One end of the threaded sleeve 102 away from the steel pipe 101 is provided with a fixing nut 104. The fixing nut 104 matches the threaded sleeve 102. A plurality of positioning pins 105 are evenly provided on the side wall of the fixing nut 104. A plurality of card slots 103 are evenly provided at both ends of the steel pipe 101. The card slots 103 are fixedly connected with the positioning pins 105. With the help of the clamping installation of the card slots 103 and the positioning pins 105, not only the installation efficiency of the threaded sleeve 102 is improved, but also the threaded sleeve 102 is prevented from rotating when the screw rod 106 rotates, thereby ensuring the rotation adjustment accuracy of the screw rod 106. The fixing nut 104 matches the threaded sleeve 102 and the inner walls of both are threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod 106. Therefore, during actual use, only the screw rod 106 needs to be rotated inside the threaded sleeve 102 and the fixing nut 104, and then the telescopic length of the screw rod 106 is adjusted to achieve the plugging support effect for mine backfill roadway openings with different widths and lengths.

[0050] The other end of the screw rod 106 is provided with a connecting platform 108. One end of the screw rod 106 away from the steel pipe 101 is threadedly connected with an installation nut 107. The other end of the installation nut 107 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting platform 108. With the help of the installation nut 107, the connecting platform 108 is installed and fixed to the end of the screw rod 106. A controller is provided inside the connecting platform 108. The controller electrically controls each electrical component. The side wall of the connecting platform 108 matches the end of the screw rod 106. Therefore, the connecting platform 108 can also limit the end of the screw rod 106 to prevent the installation nut 107 from rotating threadedly with the screw rod 106 too much and reducing the threaded fixing effect with the screw rod 106.

[0051] An elastic column 109 is provided at the axis of the connecting platform 108. The elastic column 109 has elasticity. A spherical end 112 is provided at the other end of the elastic column 109. The elastic connection between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 is realized by means of the elastic column 109, thereby ensuring the precise adjustment of the position of the steel pipe 101 and the adaptive support and fixation effect in the subsequent process. A plurality of pressure sensors 113 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end 112. The pressure sensors 113 are used to detect the pressure value received at the end of the spherical end 112. A plurality of support sleeves 110 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the connecting platform 108. The setting of the support sleeves 110 not only improves the elastic support stability of the spherical end 112, but also correspondingly adjusts the supporting force of the support sleeves 110 on the spherical end 112 when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensors 113 changes, thereby adjusting the position of the spherical end 112 and ensuring the installation accuracy and support stability of the steel pipe 101.

[0052] One end of the support sleeve 110 away from the connecting platform 108 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end 112. A connecting spring 111 is provided on the side wall of the connecting platform 108 and inside the support sleeve 110. The other end of the connecting spring 111 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end 112. The setting of the connecting spring 111 realizes the elastic reset effect of the support sleeve 110. At the same time, when the support sleeve 110 expands and contracts, it synchronously drives the position of the spherical end 112 to change, thereby ensuring the connection and fixation effect of the spherical end 112.

[0053] An expansion cavity 117 is opened inside the support sleeve 110. A plurality of sinking grooves 115 are evenly opened on the circumferential side surface of the connecting platform 108. An air pump 116 is provided inside the sinking grooves 115. The air pump 116 has the functions of pumping air and exhausting air. One end of a plurality of sinking grooves 115 close to each other is provided with an air guide hole 114. The other end of the air guide hole 114 passes through the connecting platform 108 and is connected to the inside of the expansion cavity 117. The output end of the air pump 116 is connected to the inside of the air guide hole 114. The air guide hole 114 connects the air pump 116 and the expansion cavity 117 inside the support sleeve 110. When the air pump 116 is started and the gas flows along the air guide hole 114 inside the expansion cavity 117, the amount of gas inside the expansion cavity 117 changes and correspondingly drives the support sleeve 110 to undergo elastic changes, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the supporting force of the spherical end 112 at different positions.

[0054] The fixing component 2 includes a bowl-shaped head 204. A docking groove 205 is provided inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The inner wall of the docking groove 205 matches the outer surface of the spherical end 112. When performing the plugging and supporting assembly, the spherical end 112 can be placed inside the docking groove 205. One end of the bowl-shaped head 204 away from the steel pipe 101 is provided with a threaded cover 203. The other end of the threaded cover 203 is provided with an anchor rod 201. The end of the anchor rod 201 is provided with an external thread 202. The internal thread inside the threaded cover 203 is threadedly fixed to the outer surface of the external thread 202. The anchor rod 201 is inserted into the wall of the mine backfill roadway opening. Therefore, when assembling, first drill a hole in the wall of the mine backfill roadway opening and insert the anchor rod 201 into the hole, and then threadedly fix it by means of the threaded cover 203 and the external thread 202 at the end of the anchor rod 201, so as to complete the installation and fixation of the bowl-shaped head 204.

[0055] The clamping component 3 includes a snap ring 301. The snap ring 301 mainly installs and connects and fixes a plurality of horizontal and vertical steel pipes 101, and is convenient for subsequent suspension of the steel mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth. An inner groove 302 is provided inside the snap ring 301. The inner wall of the inner groove 302 is clamped and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe 101. Then, during actual installation, only the horizontal steel pipe 101 needs to be inserted into the inner groove 302 for horizontal installation and fixation. Plugging holes 303 are provided inside the snap ring 301. The inner wall of the plugging holes 303 matches the outer surface of the steel pipe 101 perpendicular to the inner groove 302. The plugging holes 303 and the inner groove 302 are perpendicular and staggered with each other. Then, the vertical steel pipe 101 is inserted into the plugging holes 303, so as to ensure that adjacent steel pipes 101 are vertically and staggeredly distributed. At the same time, the vertical steel pipe 101 can also block and clamp the steel pipe 101 inside the inner groove 302 to prevent the steel pipe 101 inside the inner groove 302 from slipping out, further improving the stability and support of subsequent installation and fixation.

[0056] A threaded hole 304 is provided on one side of the snap ring 301. The threaded hole 304 is located on the side of the snap ring 301 away from the plugging holes 303. A fastening bolt 305 is threadedly connected inside the threaded hole 304. The end of the fastening bolt 305 is extruded and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe 101. After the steel pipe 101 is assembled, only the fastening bolt 305 needs to be rotated. Then, the fastening bolt 305 threadedly moves inside the threaded hole 304 and the end is clamped and fixed to the outer surface of the horizontal steel pipe 101, further improving the friction limiting effect on the position of the steel pipe 101. A hanging ring 306 is provided at the end of the snap ring 301 away from the fastening bolt 305. The end of the hanging ring 306 suspends the steel mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth. After the installation and fixation of a plurality of steel pipes 101 are completed, the required steel mesh and dust-proof filter cloth are suspended at the end of the hanging ring 306, and then the filling material is directly introduced into the mine and the plugging process is completed.

[0057] When the mine backfill roadway opening plugging and supporting device is actually used, first, holes are drilled at different positions inside the mine backfill roadway opening, and it is preferable that multiple drilling positions are on the same plane. Then, the anchor rod 201 is inserted into the hole, and the external thread 202 at the end of the anchor rod 201 is threadedly and fixedly connected to the internal thread of the threaded cover 203, thereby realizing the installation and fixation of the bowl-shaped head 204, which facilitates the subsequent support and fixation of the steel pipe 101.

[0058] After the fixation of the bowl-shaped head 204 is completed, a suitable steel pipe 101 is selected according to the distance between two corresponding bowl-shaped heads 204, and the length difference of the steel pipes 101 is within 40 cm, so as to ensure that the installation length is within the range of 1 - 2 meters and 7 - 8 meters, realizing the adaptability and adjustability to the mine backfill roadway opening. Threaded sleeves 102 are inserted into both ends of the hollow cavity 118 inside the steel pipe 101, and the positioning pins 105 at the ends of the threaded sleeves 102 are fixedly clamped with the card slots 103, further improving the installation accuracy and positioning and fixing effect of the threaded sleeves 102. At the same time, the end of the fixing nut 104 is driven by the threaded sleeve 102 to be in extrusion contact with the side wall of the steel pipe 101. Then, a screw 106 is rotatably connected inside the fixing nut 104 and the threaded sleeve 102. The screw 106 is threadedly connected to the internal threads of the threaded sleeve 102 and the fixing nut 104 and the telescopic length of the screw 106 is correspondingly adjusted. The telescopic length of a single-side screw 106 is within the range of 0 - 30 cm. Therefore, each plugging and supporting device varies within 60, further improving the installation accuracy and stability.

[0059] At the same time, a spherical end 112 is installed at one end of the screw 106 away from the steel pipe 101, and the installation nut 107 is threadedly rotated and connected to the end of the screw 106, so that the end of the screw 106 is in extrusion contact with the side wall of the connecting platform 108. At the same time, according to the length of the selected steel pipe 101, the controller controls the starting degree of the air pump 116. If the length of the steel pipe 101 is larger, the controller controls multiple air pumps 116 to start synchronously, and the suction force applied to the inside of the air guide hole 114 is larger. The suction force applied to the inside of the expansion cavity 117 by the air guide hole 114 is larger, and the amount of gas inside the expansion cavity 117 correspondingly decreases. The volumes of multiple support sleeves 110 decrease and drive the spherical end 112 to squeeze the elastic column 109 and the connecting spring 111 to move towards the connecting platform 108 end. The distance between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 decreases, and the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic column 109 increases. Therefore, it is ensured that the steel pipe 101 is in a flat state when the spherical end 112 is fixedly clamped with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 subsequently, effectively improving the support stability and flatness of the steel pipe 101.

[0060] At the same time, rotate the screw rod 106 to move the connecting platform 108 away from the end of the steel pipe 101. The connecting platform 108 drives the spherical end 112 to move towards the end close to the bowl-shaped head 204 through the elastic column 109. Then, the spherical end 112 is clamped and fixed with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The pressure values detected by multiple pressure sensors 113 reach the set first pressure preset value, thereby completing the installation and fixation of the steel pipe 101. With the elastic support of the elastic column 109 and the support sleeve 110 for the spherical end 112, it is ensured that the spherical ends 112 at both ends of the steel pipe 101 can still be clamped and fixed with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 when there is an angle between the spherical ends 112 and the steel pipe 101.

[0061] After installing multiple horizontal steel pipes 101 in sequence according to the above process, the inner groove 302 inside the snap ring 301 is clamped and fixed with the outer surface of the horizontal steel pipe 101. Then, a vertical steel pipe 101 is inserted into the insertion hole 303, and the above process is repeated to block and support the vertical steel pipe 101, and it is ensured that the spherical end 112 is clamped and fixed with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. After the installation is completed, rotate the fastening bolt 305. The fastening bolt 305 is threadedly connected with the threaded hole 304 and its end is frictionally squeezed and fixed with the outer surface of the horizontal steel pipe 101, and it cooperates with the vertical steel pipe 101 inside the insertion hole 303 to realize the vertical staggered splicing of multiple steel pipes 101, further improving the blocking and supporting effect of multiple steel pipes 101.

[0062] At the same time, when installing and fixing multiple steel pipes 101 in a vertical state through multiple snap rings 301, multiple steel pipes 101 continuously twist and are in the same plane. However, since the drilling positions in the wall of the mine backfill roadway entrance cannot be exactly the same, the positions of multiple bowl-shaped heads 204 cannot be in the same plane and match multiple steel pipes 101. Then, as the positions of the steel pipes 101 are continuously straightened, the extrusion force exerted by the spherical end 112 at the end in the same straightening direction on the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 continuously increases. The spherical ends 112 on both sides of the same steel pipe 101 reverse in opposite directions, and the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 113 opposite to each other on the two spherical ends 112 continuously increase and are greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value. At this time, in order to prevent the extrusion force received by the spherical end 112 from being uniform and reducing the blocking and supporting effect, the controller controls the air pump 116 on this side to start and discharge gas into the air guide hole 114. The gas inside the air guide hole 114 continuously moves into the expansion cavity 117 inside the support sleeve 110. The gas volume inside the expansion cavity 117 continuously increases and drives the volume of the support sleeve 110 to increase. The thrust exerted by the support sleeve 110 on the spherical end 112 increases.

[0063] Similarly, the controller controls the air pump 116 in the opposite direction to start and apply a suction force. The gas inside the expansion chamber 117 is discharged along the air guide hole 114. The amount of gas inside the expansion chamber 117 continuously decreases and the volume of the support sleeve 110 continuously decreases. The support sleeve 110 pulls the spherical end 112 to move correspondingly. Then, the spherical end 112 squeezes the elastic column 109 to move in the opposite direction to the twisting direction of the steel pipe 101 and reduces the extrusion force applied to the inner wall of the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The pressure values detected by the multiple pressure sensors 113 continuously decrease and reach the set first pressure preset value. On the basis of ensuring that the multiple steel pipes 101 are vertically and staggeredly distributed, the correction and positioning of the position of the spherical end 112 inside the docking groove 205 of the bowl-shaped head 204 are realized, and the plugging and supporting effect is improved.

[0064] After completing the vertical misalignment fixation of the multiple steel pipes 101, a steel bar mesh and a dust-proof filter cloth are correspondingly hung above the lifting ring 306, thereby realizing the blockage of the mine backfill entrance. Then, fillers are continuously introduced into the mine and blocked. When the fillers inside the mine continuously increase, the extrusion force applied to the multiple steel pipes 101 correspondingly increases. The steel pipes 101 move away from the mine end. The corresponding steel pipes 101 drive the spherical ends 112 on both sides to move away from the mine end and increase the extrusion force applied to the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 113 at the mine-away end increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, and the second pressure preset value is greater than the first pressure preset value. At this time, it indicates that there are fillers at this position of the steel pipe 101.

[0065] To prevent the excessive extrusion force applied by the fillers to the side wall of the steel pipe 101 from causing deformation and damage to the steel pipe 101, the controller controls multiple air pumps 116 to start simultaneously and introduce gas into the air guide hole 114. The gas inside the air guide hole 114 moves to the other end and enters the expansion chamber 117. The amount of gas inside the expansion chamber 117 increases and drives the volume of the support sleeve 110 to increase. The support sleeve 110 drives the spherical end 112 to move away from the steel pipe 101 end. The extrusion force between the spherical end 112 and the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 increases and correspondingly increases the friction force between the two, ensuring the support and plugging effect of the spherical end 112 driving the steel pipe 101.

[0066] Moreover, to improve the limiting and sealing effect of the steel pipe 101 on the internal filling material of the mine, the controller controls the gas pump 116 near the mine end to discharge a larger amount of gas than the gas pump 116 far from the mine end. Correspondingly, the amount of gas introduced into the expansion cavity 117 by the gas pump 116 through the air guide hole 114 increases. The volume increase of the support sleeve 110 near the mine end is greater than that of the support sleeve 110 far from the mine end. Then, the support sleeve 110 exerts a thrust on the spherical end 112, and under the elastic force of the elastic column 109, the reverse support force of the steel pipe 101 on the internal filling material of the mine increases. This effectively prevents the steel pipe 101 from driving the elastic column 109 to have an excessive elastic deformation and causing detachment loss, and improves the sealing and support quality and effect of the steel pipe 101 on the mine backfill roadway opening.

[0067] As the internal filling material in the mine backfill roadway opening continues to increase and its height continues to rise, when the filling material reaches the maximum value, the extrusion force exerted by the filling material on the steel pipe 101 reaches the maximum value. The pressure values detected by multiple pressure sensors 113 far from the mine end all continuously increase and reach the set maximum pressure preset value. The maximum pressure preset value is greater than the set second pressure preset value, indicating that the internal filling material in the mine has reached the maximum value. Stop introducing the filling material into the mine and wait for subsequent removal.

[0068] After completing the sealing and support of the mine backfill roadway opening, reverse-rotate the fastening bolt 305 to make the end of the fastening bolt 305 disengage from the extrusion fixation of the outer surface of the steel pipe 101. The controller controls multiple gas pumps 116 to start and apply a suction force to the air guide hole 114. The gas inside the expansion cavity 117 continuously discharges along the air guide hole 114. The amount of gas inside the expansion cavity 117 continuously decreases, driving the volume of the support sleeve 110 to continuously decrease. The support sleeve 110 drives the spherical end 112 to squeeze the elastic column 109 to move to the maximum distance towards the connecting platform 108 end. The distance between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 continuously decreases to the minimum value. Correspondingly, the clamping extrusion force between the spherical end 112 and the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 continuously decreases and disengages. Then, reverse-rotate the rotating screw 106. The screw 106 continuously engages with the threaded sleeve 102 and the fixing nut 104, driving the connecting platform 108 to move towards the steel pipe 101 end and contract. Then, take out multiple steel pipes 101 from the mine. At the same time, reverse-rotate the mounting nut 107 to remove the connecting platform 108, and correspondingly reverse-rotate the threaded cover 203 to remove the bowl-shaped head 204. The anchor bolt 201 remains inserted in the hole in the inner wall of the mine, thus completing the rapid removal of the sealing and support device for the mine backfill roadway opening, reducing the operation difficulty and improving the operation efficiency.

[0069] When it is necessary to seal and support the mine backfill roadway openings at other positions, repeat the above process to install, fix, and adjust the steel pipe 101.

[0070] The plugging and supporting device for the mine backfilling roadway entrance is simple to operate, safe and stable, meeting the needs of most mines. It has high plugging and supporting efficiency, good plugging and supporting effect, strong adaptability and good controllability. At the same time, steel pipes 101 of different lengths are selected according to the different sizes of the mine backfilling roadway entrances, and the distance between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 is adjusted correspondingly, further improving the supporting stability and efficiency of the steel pipes 101 and meeting the plugging and supporting requirements for different mine backfilling roadway entrances. And after the correction installation of multiple vertically misaligned steel pipes 101, the supporting force of the supporting sleeve 110 on the spherical end 112 is adjusted correspondingly to ensure the friction correction and fixation effect of the spherical end 112 in the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. Then, when filling materials are introduced into the mine, the extrusion friction force between the spherical end 112 and the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 is increased correspondingly to ensure the limiting and supporting effect of the spherical end 112 on the steel pipe 101, and the reverse plugging and supporting effect of the steel pipe 101 on the filling materials inside the mine is improved correspondingly. When the introduction of the filling materials inside the mine is completed, the volume of the supporting sleeve 110 decreases and drives the spherical end 112 to move to the maximum distance towards the connecting platform 108 end, and the spherical end 112 quickly disengages from the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204, thereby improving the removal efficiency and effect, reducing the installation intensity of the operators and improving the installation efficiency.

[0071] Second Embodiment

[0072] This embodiment discloses a method for using a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfilling roadway entrance, including the following steps:

[0073] S1. Install multiple bowl-shaped heads 204 on the inner wall of the mine. The distance between the connecting platform 108 and the end of the steel pipe 101 is adjusted by means of the screw 106 at both ends of the steel pipe 101. The spherical end 112 is squeezed and fixed with the bowl-shaped head 204, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 reaches the set first pressure preset value.

[0074] S2. When the length of the steel pipe 101 increases, the volume of the supporting sleeve 110 decreases and drives the spherical end 112 to squeeze the elastic column 109 and move towards the connecting platform 108 end, and the distance between the spherical end 112 and the end of the steel pipe 101 decreases.

[0075] S3. The snap ring 301 vertically misaligns and installs multiple steel pipes 101. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 on one side of the spherical end 112 increases and is greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value, the volume of the corresponding supporting sleeve 110 increases and drives the spherical end 112 to rotate and tilt in the opposite direction.

[0076] S4. As the internal filling material in the mine continuously increases and the extrusion pressure exerted on the side wall of the steel pipe 101 increases, when the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 113 at the end of the steel pipe 101 away from the mine all increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, the volumes of multiple support sleeves 110 all increase and drive the spherical end 112 to move away from the connecting platform 108, and the extrusion friction force between the spherical end 112 and the bowl-shaped head 204 increases.

[0077] S5. When the amount of internal filling material in the mine continuously increases and reaches the set maximum value, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 at the end away from the mine reaches the set maximum pressure value. The volume of the support sleeve 110 decreases and drives the spherical end 112 to move towards the connecting platform 108 to the maximum distance, and the spherical end 112 is disengaged from the snap connection with the bowl-shaped head 204.

[0078] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plugging and supporting device for mine backfill roadway entrances, characterized in that, It includes a support component (1), and two fixing components (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support component (1), and a plurality of clamping components (3) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the support component (1); The support component (1) includes a steel pipe (101), screw rods (106) are movably connected to both sides of the steel pipe (101), a connecting platform (108) is arranged at the other end of the screw rod (106), an elastic column (109) is arranged at the axis center of the connecting platform (108), a spherical end (112) is arranged at the other end of the elastic column (109), a plurality of pressure sensors (113) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end (112), and a plurality of support sleeves (110) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the connecting platform (108); The fixing component (2) includes a bowl-shaped head (204); The clamping component (3) includes a snap ring (301); The lengths of the plurality of steel pipes (101) are different. A hollow cavity (118) is formed inside the steel pipe (101), a threaded sleeve (102) is hermetically and slidably connected inside the hollow cavity (118), and the internal thread inside the threaded sleeve (102) is threadedly fixed to the outer surface of the screw rod (106); One end of the threaded sleeve (102) away from the steel pipe (101) is provided with a fixing nut (104). A plurality of positioning pins (105) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the fixing nut (104). A plurality of clamping grooves (103) are uniformly arranged at both ends of the steel pipe (101). The clamping grooves (103) are clamped and fixed with the positioning pins (105). The fixing nut (104) and the threaded sleeve (102) are matched and the inner walls of both are threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod (106); An expansion cavity (117) is formed inside the support sleeve (110). A plurality of sinking grooves (115) are uniformly formed on the circumferential side surface of the connecting platform (108). An air pump (116) is arranged inside the sinking grooves (115). One end of the plurality of sinking grooves (115) close to each other is provided with an air guide hole (114). The other end of the air guide hole (114) passes through the connecting platform (108) and is connected to the inside of the expansion cavity (117). The output end of the air pump (116) is connected to the inside of the air guide hole (114). The pressure sensor (113) is used to detect the pressure value received at the end of the spherical end (112); A docking groove (205) is formed inside the bowl-shaped head (204). The inner wall of the docking groove (205) is matched with the outer surface of the spherical end (112). One end of the bowl-shaped head (204) away from the steel pipe (101) is provided with a threaded cover (203). An anchor rod (201) is arranged at the other end of the threaded cover (203). An external thread (202) is arranged at the end of the anchor rod (201). The internal thread inside the threaded cover (203) is threadedly fixed to the outer surface of the external thread (202). The anchor rod (201) is inserted into the wall of the mine backfill roadway entrance.

2. The mine backfill roadway portal plugging and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein One end of the screw rod (106) away from the steel pipe (101) is threadedly connected with a mounting nut (107). The other end of the mounting nut (107) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting platform (108). A controller is provided inside the connecting platform (108), and the controller electrically controls each electrical component. The side wall of the connecting platform (108) matches the end of the screw rod (106).

3. The mine backfill roadway opening plugging and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein, The elastic column (109) has elasticity. One end of the support sleeve (110) away from the connecting platform (108) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end (112). A connecting spring (111) is provided on the side wall of the connecting platform (108) and inside the support sleeve (110), and the other end of the connecting spring (111) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end (112).

4. The mine backfill roadway opening plugging and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein, An inner groove (302) is formed inside the snap ring (301). The inner wall of the inner groove (302) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel pipe (101) by clamping. Plugging holes (303) are formed inside the snap ring (301). The inner wall of the plugging holes (303) matches the outer surface of the steel pipe (101), and the plugging holes (303) and the inner groove (302) are perpendicular and staggered with each other.

5. The mine backfill roadway portal plugging and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein, A threaded hole (304) is formed on one side of the snap ring (301). A fastening bolt (305) is threadedly connected inside the threaded hole (304). The end of the fastening bolt (305) is pressed and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe (101). A lifting ring (306) is provided at the end of the snap ring (301) away from the fastening bolt (305), and the end of the lifting ring (306) suspends the steel mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth.

6. The usage method of the mine backfill roadway portal plugging and supporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Install a plurality of the bowl-shaped heads (204) on the inner wall of the mine shaft. The distance between the connecting platform (108) and the end of the steel pipe (101) is adjusted by the telescopic screw rod (106) at both ends of the steel pipe (101). The spherical end (112) is pressed and fixed to the bowl-shaped head (204), and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) reaches the set first pressure preset value. S2. When the length of the steel pipe (101) increases, the volume of the support sleeve (110) decreases and drives the spherical end (112) to press the elastic column (109) to move towards the connecting platform (108), and the distance between the spherical end (112) and the end of the steel pipe (101) decreases. S3. The snap rings (301) are vertically and staggeredly installed on a plurality of steel pipes (101). When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) on one side of the spherical end (112) increases and is greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value, the volume of the corresponding support sleeve (110) increases and drives the spherical end (112) to rotate and tilt in the opposite direction. S4. When the filling material inside the mine continues to increase and the extrusion pressure exerted on the side wall of the steel pipe (101) increases, and when the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors (113) at the end of the same steel pipe (101) away from the mine all increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, the volumes of the plurality of support sleeves (110) all increase and drive the spherical end heads (112) to move towards the end away from the connecting platform (108), and the extrusion friction force between the spherical end heads (112) and the bowl-shaped heads (204) increases; S5. When the amount of filling material inside the mine continues to increase and reaches the set maximum value, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) at the end away from the mine reaches the set maximum pressure value, the volume of the support sleeve (110) decreases and drives the spherical end head (112) to move towards the end close to the connecting platform (108) to the maximum distance, and the spherical end head (112) is disengaged from the snap connection with the bowl-shaped head (204).

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