High-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water circulation tests, in particular to a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system. The system comprises a circulation test pipeline, the circulation test pipeline is divided into a low-temperature area pipeline and a high-temperature area pipeline by a heat regenerator, the low-temperature area pipeline is communicated with a low-temperature side inlet and a low-temperature side outlet of the heat regenerator, and the high-temperature area pipeline is communicated with a high-temperature side inlet and a high-temperature side outlet of the heat regenerator; a water pump is mounted on the low-temperature area pipeline, and a tested piece is mounted on the high-temperature area pipeline; an aqueous solution is arranged at the lower part of an inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank, and the pressure regulating tank is connected with the low-temperature area pipeline through a liquid supplementing and pressure regulating pipeline; and the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank is provided with a gas medium and a first pressure regulating valve group. Independent adjustment of pressure and temperature can be achieved, and cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water circulation test, and specifically to a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system. Background Art

[0002] In order to test the performance of fluid components such as high-pressure valves and filters in a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment, a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system needs to be constructed.

[0003] At one atmosphere, the saturation temperature of water is 100 °C, that is, the boiling point of water at one atmosphere is 100 °C. Increasing the pressure of water can further increase the saturation temperature of water. In order to increase the saturation temperature of water, it is usually necessary to pressurize the water. In the prior art, the methods for constructing a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment mainly include:

[0004] (1) Directly pressurize the water through a pressure pump and then heat the water to increase the water temperature.

[0005] (2) After evacuating the system pipeline and then injecting a certain amount of water, and then heating the water. The boiling of the water forms a large amount of water vapor to increase the water vapor pressure in the pipeline, thereby increasing the pressure of the water. While heating, the pressure and temperature of the water can be increased synchronously.

[0006] For the first method, the adjustment of the water pressure and temperature is independent of each other, but the water needs to be pressurized to a certain pressure, so high technical requirements are imposed on the pressure pump, and the cost of the pressure pump cannot be ignored.

[0007] For the second method, while heating the water, the pressure and temperature of the water will increase synchronously, and there is a correlation between the pressure and temperature. If the preset pressure and temperature need to be achieved, the volume of the system pipeline, the pressure of evacuation, the volume of water injection, the heating power, and the heating time must be accurately calculated. This method cannot achieve independent adjustment of the pressure and temperature. In addition, this method also needs to be equipped with a condenser to condense the water vapor in the system pipeline into liquid water to realize the water circulation of the entire system.

[0008] In addition, a circulation pump needs to be set in the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system to realize the water circulation of the entire system. For the above two existing methods, it is necessary to set a water pump with high temperature and high pressure resistance in the test system. The high requirement for high temperature resistance will inevitably increase the cost of the water pump.

[0009] In view of the above problems, it is necessary to design a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system with independent adjustment of pressure and temperature and low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system, which can not only achieve independent adjustment of pressure and temperature, but also has a relatively low cost.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation test system includes a circulation test pipeline, which is divided into a low-temperature area pipeline and a high-temperature area pipeline by a regenerator. Among them, the low-temperature area pipeline is connected to the low-temperature side inlet and the low-temperature side outlet of the regenerator, and the high-temperature area pipeline is connected to the high-temperature side inlet and the high-temperature side outlet of the regenerator; a water pump is installed on the low-temperature area pipeline, and the test piece is installed on the high-temperature area pipeline; it also includes a pressure regulating tank, an aqueous solution is provided in the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank, and it is connected to the low-temperature area pipeline through a liquid supplement and pressure regulating pipeline; a gas medium is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank, and a first pressure regulating valve group is installed.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the first electric heater on the high-temperature area pipeline is located at the inlet of the test piece, and the real-time operating power of the first electric heater is adjusted according to the following formula:

[0014] When T d -T c >10℃, Q eh1 =Q max ;

[0015] When T d -T c ≤10℃,

[0016] In the formula:

[0017] T c is the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor at the outlet of the first electric heater, in ℃;

[0018] T d is the set temperature required for the test of the test piece, in ℃;

[0019] Q eh1 is the real-time operating power of the first electric heater, in kW;

[0020] Q max is the maximum operating power of the first electric heater, in kW;

[0021] is the mass flow rate of water, in kg / s;

[0022] h d is the specific enthalpy of water at the set temperature T d in kJ / kg;

[0023] h rhho is the temperature T at the high-temperature side outlet of the regenerator rhho of the specific enthalpy of water, in kJ / kg;

[0024] wherein, the specific enthalpy of water is calculated according to the following formula:

[0025] In the formula: h i is the specific enthalpy of water, in kJ / kg; when i = d, h i = h d ; when i = rhho, h i = h rhho ;

[0026] is a calculation constant, T is the temperature of water, in °C, when i = d, T = T d ; when i = rhho, T = T rhho ;

[0027] θ is a calculation constant,

[0028] ρ is the density of water, in kg / m 3 , wherein, b 1 = 1.99; b 2 = 1.1; b 3 = -0.51; b 4 = -1.75; b 5 = -45.52; b 6 = -674694.4;

[0029] p s is the calculation pressure, in MPa;

[0030] d 0 = -1135.91; d 1 = -5.651×10 -8 ; d 2 = 2690.67; d 3 = 127.29; d 4 = -135; d 5 = 0.98;

[0031] a 1 = -7.85; a 2 = 1.85; a 3 = -11.78; a 4 = 22.69; a 5= -15.96; a 6 = 1.81。

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention: The first pressure regulating valve group includes a first solenoid valve EV1 and a second solenoid valve EV2 that communicate with the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank. Among them, the pressure relief pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is 1.1 times the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, and the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1 is calculated and set according to the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula: P ev1 is the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, with the unit MPa(A);

[0035] T m is the highest test temperature of the high-temperature zone pipeline, with the unit °C;

[0036] β is a calculation constant, β = 1 - (T m + 273.15) / 647;

[0037] a 1 = -7.85; a 2 = 1.85; a 3 = -11.78; a 4 = 22.69; a 5 = -15.96; a 6 = 1.81。

[0038] As a further solution of the present invention: The heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the high-temperature zone pipeline. The parallel pipeline of the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger is located on the outlet side of the test piece. A sixth valve BV6 is installed at the inlet side of the parallel pipeline of the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger. A fifth valve BV5 is installed on the pipeline of the high-temperature zone pipeline between the two nodes of the parallel pipeline of the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger; the cold source side of the cooling heat exchanger is connected to a cooling circulation pipeline.

[0039] As a further solution of the present invention: Heat-conducting oil circulates in the cooling circulation pipeline. Along the flowing direction of the heat-conducting oil, a second electric heater, an oil pump, an expansion tank, and a tube-fin heat exchanger are sequentially connected to the cooling circulation pipeline. Among them, the tube-fin heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the cooling circulation pipeline. A fourteenth valve BV14 is installed at the inlet side of the parallel pipeline of the tube-fin heat exchanger. An eleventh valve BV11 is installed on the pipeline of the cooling circulation pipeline between the two nodes of the parallel pipeline of the tube-fin heat exchanger.

[0040] As a further solution of the present invention: The lower part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank stores heat-conducting oil and is connected to the cooling circulation pipeline through a make-up oil pipe. Pressurized gas is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank, and a second pressure regulating valve group is installed.

[0041] As a further solution of the present invention: the second pressure regulating valve group includes a third solenoid valve EV3 and a fourth solenoid valve EV4 that communicate with the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank. The pressure reduction of the third solenoid valve EV3 is 0.2 - 0.4 MPa(A), and the pressure relief of the fourth solenoid valve EV4 is 1.05 times the pressure reduction of the third solenoid valve EV3.

[0042] As a further solution of the present invention: a first valve BV1, a second valve BV2, and a first safety valve SV1 are further installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank; a ninth valve BV9, a tenth valve BV10, and a second safety valve SV2 are further installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank; the outlet ends of the first valve BV1 and the ninth valve BV9 are both connected to the inlet end of the vacuum pump.

[0043] As a further solution of the present invention: a first filter and a first check valve CV1 are respectively installed at the inlet end and the outlet end of the water pump on the low-temperature zone pipeline, and a flow meter FM is also installed on the low-temperature zone pipeline; a second filter and a second check valve CV2 are respectively installed at the inlet end and the outlet end of the oil pump on the cooling circulation pipeline.

[0044] As a further solution of the present invention: an adjustment branch parallel to the measured part is connected to the high-temperature zone pipeline, a three-way regulating valve TMV is installed at the connection node of the adjustment branch and the high-temperature zone pipeline, a third valve BV3 and a fourth valve BV4 are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the measured part on the high-temperature zone pipeline; a two-way regulating valve MV is also installed on the high-temperature zone pipeline.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] 1. The circulating test pipeline is separated by the regenerator to form a low-temperature zone pipeline and a high-temperature zone pipeline. The water in the low-temperature zone pipeline and the high-temperature zone pipeline in the circulating test pipeline realizes the alternating transfer of heat in the regenerator, ensuring that the water in the low-temperature zone pipeline is always in a low-temperature state. Since the water pump is installed in the low-temperature zone pipeline, the requirement for the high-temperature resistance performance of the water pump is not high, effectively reducing the cost of the water pump; while the water in the high-temperature zone pipeline is always in a high-temperature state, ensuring that the measured part in the high-temperature zone pipeline can continuously and stably perform high-temperature detection.

[0047] In addition, by taking advantage of the incompressibility of water, the pressure of the gas medium in the pressure regulating tank is adjusted through the first pressure regulating valve group to achieve the adjustment and stabilization of the pressure of the water medium in the circulating test pipeline. By setting the pressure of the gas medium in the pressure regulating tank higher than the saturation pressure at the highest test temperature, it can be ensured that the water in the circulating test pipeline remains in a liquid state. On this basis, a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment at any temperature below the highest test temperature can be simulated. If it is necessary to increase the highest test temperature, the nitrogen pressure in the pressure regulating tank can be increased accordingly. By adjusting the pressure in the pressure regulating tank through the first regulating valve group, there is no need to set a pressure pump with high technical requirements. On the premise of realizing the independent adjustment of the temperature and pressure in the cooling circulation pipeline, the cost of the test system is effectively reduced.

[0048] 2. Through the operating power calculation formula of the first electric heater, the accurate adjustment of the operating power of the first electric heater can be achieved, ensuring that the test temperature parameters are maintained within the allowable error range of the set value, with the advantages of good adjustment timeliness, high adjustment accuracy, and good stability.

[0049] 3. By accurately calculating and setting the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1 and the pressure relief pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2, and ensuring that the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is higher than the saturation pressure at the test temperature, it can ensure that the water medium in the circulating test pipeline remains in a liquid state without vaporization.

[0050] 4. The heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger is in a form of being connected in parallel to the pipeline in the high-temperature area. During the test process, the sixth valve BV6 can be closed and the fifth valve BV5 can be opened so that the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline can be independently adjusted. Therefore, when cooling the pipeline in the high-temperature area, the temperature of the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline can be independently adjusted in advance to prevent the temperature difference between the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline and the high-temperature water in the pipeline in the high-temperature area from being too large, thereby reducing the stress damage of the pipeline caused by the too large temperature difference.

[0051] 5. By adjusting the layout of the regulating branch, the three-way regulating valve TMV, and the two-way regulating valve MV, the flow rate of the water medium flowing into the test piece can be adjusted, and the independent adjustment of the test flow rate and the test pressure loss can be realized, broadening the range of test conditions and having higher adjustment accuracy. In addition, by closing the third valve BV3 and the fourth valve BV4 and adjusting the three-way regulating valve TMV to circulate the regulating branch and the pipeline in the high-temperature area, the circulating operation of the circulating test pipeline can still be maintained during the process of replacing the test piece, so that when testing a new test piece, it can ensure that the water medium in the circulating test pipeline can quickly reach the set temperature required for the test. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0053] In the figure: 10, recuperator; 21, first filter; 22, water pump; 31, first electric heater; 32, test piece; 40, pressure regulating tank; 50, vacuum pump; 60, cooling heat exchanger; 71, expansion tank; 72, second filter; 73, oil pump; 74, second electric heater; 75, tube-fin heat exchanger; A, high-pressure nitrogen source interface; B, C, D, H, and I are all external atmospheric environments; E, water source interface; F, drain pipe interface; G, low-pressure nitrogen source interface; J, heat-conducting oil filling interface; K, heat-conducting oil recovery tank interface. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0055] For the convenience of understanding, the specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0056] The specific structure of the present invention is referred to Figure 1 As shown, its main structure includes a circulating test pipeline for testing the test piece 32 and a cooling circulation pipeline for cooling the circulating test pipeline.

[0057] Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the circulating test pipeline is separated by the recuperator 10 to form a low-temperature zone pipeline and a high-temperature zone pipeline, and water circulates between the low-temperature zone pipeline, the recuperator 10, and the high-temperature zone pipeline. Specifically, the recuperator 10 is preferably a countercurrent sleeve heat exchanger. The low-temperature zone pipeline is connected to the low-temperature side inlet and the low-temperature side outlet of the recuperator 10, and the high-temperature zone pipeline is connected to the high-temperature side inlet and the high-temperature side outlet of the recuperator 10. The specific flow path is: the water in the low-temperature zone pipeline enters the recuperator 10 through the low-temperature side inlet of the recuperator 10 and enters the high-temperature zone pipeline from the high-temperature side outlet of the recuperator 10; the water in the high-temperature zone pipeline enters the recuperator 10 through the high-temperature side inlet of the recuperator 10 and enters the low-temperature zone pipeline from the low-temperature side outlet of the recuperator 10.

[0058] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, the water pump 22 is installed on the low-temperature zone pipeline; the first electric heater 31 and the test piece 32 are sequentially installed on the high-temperature zone pipeline along the water flow direction in the high-temperature zone pipeline.

[0059] Under the heating condition of the loop test pipeline, water forms a circulating flow between the high-temperature zone pipeline, the regenerator 10, and the low-temperature zone pipeline driven by the water pump 22. When the high-temperature water heated by the first electric heater 31 in the high-temperature zone pipeline flows into the low-temperature zone pipeline through the regenerator 10, it will exchange heat with the low-temperature water flowing from the low-temperature zone pipeline through the regenerator 10 to the high-temperature zone pipeline, thereby reducing the high-temperature water flowing from the high-temperature zone pipeline through the regenerator 10 into the low-temperature zone pipeline to low-temperature water; at the same time, it also raises the low-temperature water flowing from the low-temperature zone pipeline through the regenerator 10 to the high-temperature zone pipeline to high-temperature water. The water in the low-temperature zone pipeline and the high-temperature zone pipeline in the loop test pipeline realizes the alternating transfer of heat in the regenerator 10, ensuring that the water in the low-temperature zone pipeline is always in a low-temperature state. Since the water pump 22 is installed in the low-temperature zone pipeline, the requirement for the high-temperature resistance performance of the water pump 22 is not high, effectively reducing the cost of the water pump 22; while the water in the high-temperature zone pipeline is always in a high-temperature state, ensuring that the test piece 32 in the high-temperature zone pipeline can be continuously and stably tested at high temperatures.

[0060] In addition, on the basis of the above, as Figure 1 shown, a pressure regulating tank 40 is further provided. An aqueous solution is provided in the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40, and it is connected to the low-temperature zone pipeline through a liquid supplement and pressure regulating pipeline. A gas medium is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40. Preferably, the gas medium uses inert gases such as nitrogen or helium, and a first pressure regulating valve group is installed. During the test process, the water in the loop test pipeline is in a full-load state. During this process, the cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40 and the loop test pipeline are under the same pressure, that is, the pressure in the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40 is the same as that of the loop test pipeline. When the water in the loop test pipeline is lost, the pressure of the loop test pipeline decreases, and the aqueous solution in the pressure regulating tank 40 can be used to replenish water into the loop test pipeline. In addition, by using the incompressibility of water, the pressure of the gas medium in the pressure regulating tank 40 is adjusted through the first pressure regulating valve group to realize the adjustment and pressure stabilization of the water medium pressure in the loop test pipeline. By making the set value of the pressure of the gas medium in the pressure regulating tank 40 higher than the saturation pressure at the highest test temperature, it can ensure that the water in the pipeline of the loop test pipeline remains in a liquid state. On this basis, a high-temperature and high-pressure water environment at any temperature below the highest test temperature can be simulated. If it is necessary to increase the highest test temperature, the nitrogen pressure in the pressure regulating tank 40 can be increased accordingly. By adjusting the pressure in the pressure regulating tank 40 through the first regulating valve group, there is no need to set a pressure pump with high technical requirements, effectively reducing the cost of the test system on the premise of realizing the independent adjustment of the temperature and pressure in the cooling loop pipeline.

[0061] In actual implementation, the volume of water set in the pressure regulating tank 40 accounts for 40%-60% of the volume of the pressure regulating tank 40. The free liquid level of the water medium in the pressure regulating tank 40 is the highest point of the water medium in the circulation test pipeline, so as to accurately control the volume of the water medium in the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40 when injecting water into the circulation test pipeline and the pressure regulating tank 40. In addition, for the convenience of replacing the water medium in the pressure regulating tank 40, in actual implementation, as Figure 1 shown, an eighth valve BV8 can also be independently installed on the circulation test pipeline. When the eighth valve BV8 is in the open state, the pipeline of the circulation test pipeline is connected to the drain pipe interface F. The eighth valve BV8 is arranged at the lowest point of the circulation test pipeline, and the water medium in the circulation test pipeline and the pressure regulating tank 40 can be emptied. Of course, in actual implementation, the interface where the test piece 32 is installed can also be selected as the lowest point of the circulation test pipeline to be used for emptying the water medium in the circulation test pipeline. Of course, in order to replenish water to the circulation test pipeline and the pressure regulating tank 40 after the water medium is emptied, a seventh valve BV7 can also be installed on the circulation test pipeline or the pressure regulating tank 40. The inlet of the seventh valve BV7 is connected to the water source interface E, and opening the seventh valve BV7 can replenish water into the pressure regulating tank 40 and the circulation test pipeline.

[0062] On the above basis, in order to reduce the error between the water temperature input into the test piece 32 in the high-temperature area pipeline and the set temperature required for the test, the present application also provides a real-time adjustment scheme for the operating power of the first electric heater 31. Specifically, the first electric heater 31 adjusts the real-time operating power according to the following formula:

[0063] When T d -T c >10℃, Q eh1 =Q max ;

[0064] When T d -T c ≤10℃,

[0065] In the formula:

[0066] T c is the real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor at the outlet of the first electric heater 31, in ℃;

[0067] T d is the set temperature required for the test piece test, in ℃;

[0068] Q eh1 is the real-time operating power of the first electric heater 31, in kW;

[0069] Q max is the maximum operating power of the first electric heater 31, in kW;

[0070] is the mass flow rate of water, in kg / s;

[0071] h d is the specific enthalpy of water at the set temperature T d , in kJ / kg;

[0072] h rhho is the specific enthalpy of water at the outlet temperature T of the high-temperature side of the recuperator 10 rhho , in kJ / kg;

[0073] T rhho is the outlet temperature of the high-temperature side of the recuperator 10 measured by the temperature sensor, in °C;

[0074] wherein, the specific enthalpy of water is calculated according to the following formula:

[0075] In the formula: h i is the specific enthalpy of water, in kJ / kg; when i = d, h i = h d , when i = rhho, h i = h rhho ;

[0076] is a calculation constant, T is the temperature of water, in °C, when i = d, T = T d , when i = rhho, T = T rhho ;

[0077] θ is a calculation constant,

[0078] ρ is the density of water, in kg / m 3 , wherein, b 1 = 1.99; b 2 = 1.1; b 3 = -0.51; b 4 = -1.75; b 5 = -45.52; b 6 = -674694.4;

[0079] p s is the calculation pressure, in MPa;

[0080] d 0 = -1135.91; d 1 = -5.651×10 -8 ; d 2= 2690.67; d 3 = 127.29; d 4 = -135; d 5 = 0.98;

[0081] a 1 = -7.85; a 2 = 1.85; a 3 = -11.78; a 4 = 22.69; a 5 = -15.96; a 6 = 1.81。

[0082] During actual implementation, assume the set temperature T d is 160 °C, the natural constant e is taken as 2.71828, and it is calculated that θ = 0.3305, p s = 0.6218 MPa(A), ρ = 906.9 kg / m 3 , h d = 675.7 kJ / kg. The mass flow rate of water can be measured by installing a flow meter FM. Assume the mass flow rate of water is 0.2 kg / s; the outlet temperature T rhho of the high-temperature side of the recuperator 10 can be measured by installing a temperature sensor. When T rhho = 150 °C; the specific enthalpy h rhho of the water at the outlet of the high-temperature side of the recuperator 10 can be calculated, then Q eh1 = 8.658 kW, that is, the first electric heater 31 can operate at an operating power of 8.658 kW. During practical verification, the operating power of the first electric heater 31 is adjusted in a time period of 0.5 seconds, forming the following statistical table of the real-time temperature T c and the set temperature T d :

[0083] Serial number Stable operation time <![CDATA[Set temperature T d > <![CDATA[Real-time temperature T c > Temperature control accuracy 1 8h 150℃ 149.8℃～150.4℃ ±0.4℃ 2 8h 160℃ 159.6℃～160.5℃ ±0.5℃ 3 8h 260℃ 258.9℃～261.0℃ ±1.0℃

[0084] Table 1 Statistical table of real-time temperature T c and set temperature T d

[0085] As can be seen from Table 1, the first electric heater 31 adjusts its operating power in real time according to the above formula, ensuring that the test temperature parameters are maintained within the allowable error range of the set value, and the temperature control accuracy reaches ±1.0 °C, with the advantages of good adjustment timeliness, high adjustment accuracy and good stability.

[0086] On this basis, if Figure 1 ​As shown, to ensure that the set value of the pressure of the gas medium in the pressure regulating tank 40 is higher than the saturation pressure at the highest test temperature, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first pressure regulating valve group of this application includes a first solenoid valve EV1 and a second solenoid valve EV2 that communicate with the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40. The inlet of the first solenoid valve EV1 is connected to the high-pressure nitrogen source interface A, and the outlet of the second solenoid valve EV2 is connected to the external atmospheric environment B. Among them, the pressure relief pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is 1.1 times the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1. The pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1 is calculated and set according to the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula: P ev1 is the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, in MPa(A);

[0089] T m is the highest test temperature of the high-temperature zone pipeline, in °C;

[0090] β is a calculation constant, β = 1 - (T m + 273.15) / 647;

[0091] a 1 = -7.85; a 2 = 1.85; a 3 = -11.78; a 4 = 22.69; a 5 = -15.96; a 6 = 1.81.

[0092] During actual implementation, if the highest test temperature T m takes a value of 180 °C and the natural constant e takes 2.71828, after calculation, the pressure reduction pressure P ev1 of the first solenoid valve EV1 is 1.213 MPa(A), and the pressure relief pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is 1.334 MPa(A). When using the high-pressure nitrogen source to fill nitrogen into the pressure regulating tank 40, the minimum outlet pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen source is preferably 1.5 times the pressure reduction pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, so the minimum outlet pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen source is 1.82 MPa(A), which can better pressurize the stable intake of gas in the pressure regulating tank 40.

[0093] After setting the pressure reduction setting pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1 and the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 according to the above calculation formula, since the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is slightly higher than the pressure reduction setting pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, the static pressure of the water medium at a certain point in the circulation test pipeline is equal to the sum of the hydrostatic pressure difference from the free liquid level in the pressure regulating tank 40 to that point and the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2. Adjusting the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 can adjust the static pressure of the water medium in the circulation test pipeline. Ensuring that the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is higher than the saturation pressure at the test temperature can ensure that the water medium in the circulation test pipeline remains in a liquid state without vaporization.

[0094] Before circulating heating, the first solenoid valve EV1 fills nitrogen into the pressure regulating tank 40. When the nitrogen in the pressure regulating tank 40 reaches the pressure reduction setting pressure, the first solenoid valve EV1 automatically closes. During circulating heating, the water medium on the low-temperature side of the regenerator 10 will have a certain temperature rise. The volume of the heated water expands slightly, causing the nitrogen in the pressure regulating tank 40 to be compressed, and the nitrogen pressure in the pressure regulating tank 40 rises slightly. When the nitrogen pressure reaches the pressure relief setting pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2, the second solenoid valve EV2 automatically opens to discharge nitrogen to the external atmospheric environment to ensure that the nitrogen pressure in the pressure regulating tank 40 is maintained at the pressure relief setting pressure.

[0095] To rapidly cool the circulation test pipeline after the test, as Figure 1 shown, the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger 60 is connected in parallel to the high-temperature zone pipeline. The parallel pipeline on the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger 60 is located on the outlet side of the test piece 32. A sixth valve BV6 is installed at the inlet side of the parallel pipeline on the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger 60. A fifth valve BV5 is installed on the pipeline in the high-temperature zone between the two nodes of the parallel pipeline on the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger 60; the cold source side of the cooling heat exchanger 60 is connected to a cooling circulation pipeline. The heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger 60 is in a form of being connected in parallel to the high-temperature zone pipeline. During the test process, the sixth valve BV6 can be closed and the fifth valve BV5 can be opened so that the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline can be independently adjusted. Therefore, when cooling the high-temperature zone pipeline, the temperature of the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline can be independently adjusted in advance to prevent the temperature difference between the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline and the high-temperature water in the high-temperature zone pipeline from being too large, thereby reducing the stress damage of the pipeline caused by the excessive temperature difference.

[0096] Specifically, the temperature debugging of the cooling medium in the cooling circulation pipeline is as follows as Figure 1As shown, the cooling medium is the heat-conducting oil circulating in the cooling circulation pipeline. Along the flowing direction of the heat-conducting oil, a second electric heater 74, an oil pump 73, an expansion tank 71 and a finned tube heat exchanger 75 are successively connected to the cooling circulation pipeline. The second electric heater 74 heats the heat-conducting oil in the circulation pipeline. Among them, the finned tube heat exchanger 75 is connected in parallel with the cooling circulation pipeline. A fourteenth valve BV14 is installed on the inlet side of the parallel pipeline of the finned tube heat exchanger 75, and an eleventh valve BV11 is installed on the pipeline of the cooling circulation pipeline between the two nodes of the parallel pipeline of the finned tube heat exchanger 75. When heating the heat-conducting oil in the cooling circulation pipeline, the second electric heater 74 is turned on, the fourteenth valve BV14 is closed and the eleventh valve BV11 is opened, so that the flowing path of the heat-conducting oil does not pass through the finned tube heat exchanger 75. After the heat-conducting oil is heated to a certain temperature, the second electric heater 74 is turned off. Thereafter, when it is necessary to utilize the heat exchange between the heat-conducting oil and the high-temperature water in the high-temperature area pipeline, the fourteenth valve BV14 is opened and the eleventh valve BV11 is closed, so that the flowing path of the heat-conducting oil passes through the finned tube heat exchanger 75, and the finned tube heat exchanger 75 is used to quickly dissipate the heat of the heat-conducting oil after heat exchange.

[0097] As Figure 1 shown, the lower part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank 71 stores heat-conducting oil, and is connected to the cooling circulation pipeline through a makeup oil pipe, so that the heat-conducting oil in the expansion tank 71 does not participate in the circulation operation of the cooling circulation pipeline under normal conditions, and can supplement heat-conducting oil into it when the cooling circulation pipeline leaks; a pressurized gas is provided in the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank 71, and a second pressure regulating valve group is installed. The volume of the heat-conducting oil provided in the expansion tank 71 accounts for 20%-30% of the volume of the expansion tank 71. The free liquid level of the heat-conducting oil medium in the expansion tank 71 is the highest point of the heat-conducting oil medium in the cooling circulation pipeline, so as to accurately control the capacity of the heat-conducting oil in the lower part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank 71 when filling heat-conducting oil into the cooling circulation pipeline and the expansion tank 71. In addition, for the convenience of replacing the heat-conducting oil in the expansion tank 71, in actual implementation, a thirteenth valve BV13 can also be independently installed on the cooling circulation pipeline. When the thirteenth valve BV13 is in the open state, the pipeline of the cooling circulation pipeline is connected to the interface K of the heat-conducting oil recovery tank. The thirteenth valve BV13 is arranged at the lowest point of the cooling circulation pipeline, and the heat-conducting oil in the cooling circulation pipeline and the expansion tank 71 can be emptied. Of course, in actual implementation, other pipeline interfaces can also be selected as the lowest point of the cooling circulation pipeline for emptying the heat-conducting oil in the cooling circulation pipeline. Of course, in order to refill the cooling circulation pipeline and the expansion tank 71 with heat-conducting oil after the heat-conducting oil is emptied, a twelfth valve BV12 can also be installed on the cooling circulation pipeline or the expansion tank 71. The inlet of the twelfth valve BV12 is communicated with the heat-conducting oil filling interface J, and opening the twelfth valve BV12 can fill heat-conducting oil into the expansion tank 71 and the cooling circulation pipeline.

[0098] The second pressure regulating valve group includes a third solenoid valve EV3 and a fourth solenoid valve EV4 that communicate with the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank 71. The inlet of the third solenoid valve EV3 is connected to the low-pressure nitrogen source interface G, and the outlet of the fourth solenoid valve EV4 is connected to the external atmospheric environment H. Specifically, the pressure reduction of the third solenoid valve EV3 is 0.2 - 0.4 MPa(A), and the pressure relief of the fourth solenoid valve EV4 is 1.05 times the pressure reduction of the third solenoid valve EV3. The adjustment principle of this second pressure regulating valve group is the same as that of the first regulating valve group, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0099] On this basis, as Figure 1 shown, a first valve BV1, a second valve BV2, and a first safety valve SV1 are also installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank 40; a ninth valve BV9, a tenth valve BV10, and a second safety valve SV2 are also installed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank 71; the outlet ends of the first valve BV1 and the ninth valve BV9 are both connected to the inlet end of the vacuum pump 50. The outlet end of the vacuum pump 50 is connected to the external atmospheric environment D. By opening the vacuum pump 50, the first valve BV1, and the ninth valve BV9, the vacuum pump 50 can be used to evacuate the pressure regulating tank 40 and the expansion tank 71 synchronously to ensure the purity of the gas injected into the pressure regulating tank 40 and the expansion tank 71 during later operations. In addition, the second valve BV2 and the tenth valve BV10 are respectively connected to the external atmospheric environments C and I, and can be used for exhaust operations when injecting media into the pressure regulating tank 40 and the expansion tank 71 respectively.

[0100] On this basis, as Figure 1 shown, a first filter 21 and a first check valve CV1 are respectively installed at the inlet end and the outlet end of the water pump 22 on the low-temperature zone pipeline, which are used to filter the water entering the water pump 22 and prevent the water at the outlet end of the water pump 22 from flowing back. A flow meter FM is also installed on the low-temperature zone pipeline, which is used to measure the flow rate of the circulating test pipeline. A second filter 72 and a second check valve CV2 are respectively installed at the inlet end and the outlet end of the oil pump 73 on the cooling circulation pipeline, which are used to filter the heat-conducting oil entering the oil pump 73 and prevent the heat-conducting oil at the outlet end of the oil pump 73 from flowing back.

[0101] On this basis, as Figure 1As shown, an adjustment branch parallel to the component under test 32 is connected to the high-temperature zone pipeline. A three-way regulating valve TMV is installed at the connection node between the adjustment branch and the high-temperature zone pipeline. A third valve BV3 and a fourth valve BV4 are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the component under test 32 on the high-temperature zone pipeline; a two-way regulating valve MV is also installed on the high-temperature zone pipeline. Through the arrangement of the adjustment branch, the three-way regulating valve TMV and the two-way regulating valve MV, the flow rate of the water medium flowing into the component under test 32 can be adjusted, the test flow rate and the test pressure loss can be independently adjusted, the range of test conditions is broadened, and the adjustment accuracy is higher; in addition, by closing the third valve BV3 and the fourth valve BV4 and adjusting the three-way regulating valve TMV to circulate the adjustment branch and the high-temperature zone pipeline, the circulation operation of the circulation test pipeline can still be maintained during the replacement of the component under test 32, so that when testing a new component under test 32, it can be ensured that the water medium in the circulation test pipeline can quickly reach the set temperature required for the test.

[0102] Of course, for those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, but also includes the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claimed invention.

[0103] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0104] The technologies, shapes, and structures not detailedly described in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a circulation test pipeline, wherein the circulation test pipeline is divided by a regenerator (10) into a low-temperature zone pipeline and a high-temperature zone pipeline, wherein the low-temperature zone pipeline is connected to the low-temperature side inlet and the low-temperature side outlet of the regenerator (10), and the high-temperature zone pipeline is connected to the high-temperature side inlet and the high-temperature side outlet of the regenerator (10); a water pump (22) is installed on the low-temperature zone pipeline, and a test piece (32) is installed on the high-temperature zone pipeline; and a pressure regulating tank (40) is also included, wherein an aqueous solution is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank (40), and the low-temperature zone pipeline is connected via a liquid replenishing pressure regulating pipeline; a gas medium is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank (40), and a first pressure regulating valve group is installed.

2. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electric heater (31) on the high temperature zone pipeline is located at the entrance of the test piece (32), and the first electric heater (31) adjusts the real-time operating power according to the following formula: When T d -T c >10℃,Q eh1 =Q max ; When T d -T c ≤10℃, Where: T c The real-time temperature measured by the temperature sensor at the outlet of the first electric heater (31), in degrees Celsius; T d is the set temperature required for the test piece (32) to be tested, in °C; Q eh1 is the real-time operating power of the first electric heater (31), in kW; Q max is the maximum operating power of the first electric heater (31), in kW; is the mass flow rate of water, in kg / s; h d is the set temperature T d The specific enthalpy of water under pressure, in kJ / kg; h rhho is the temperature T at the high temperature side outlet of the regenerator (10) rhho The specific enthalpy of water under pressure, in kJ / kg; The specific enthalpy of water is calculated according to the following formula: Where: h i is the specific enthalpy of water, in kJ / kg; when i = d, h i =h d , when i = rhho, h i =h rhho ; To calculate the constant, T is the temperature of water, in °C. When i = d, T = T d , when i = rhho, T = T rhho ; θ is a calculation constant, ρ is the density of water, in kg / m 3 , Among them, b1=1.99; b2=1.1; b3=-0.51; b4=-1.75; b5=-45.52; b6=-674694.4; p s To calculate the pressure, Unit: MPa; d0=-1135.91;d1=-5.651×10 -8 ;d2=2690.67;d3=127.29;d4=-135;d5=0.98; a1=-7.85; a2=1.85; a3=-11.78; a4=22.69; a5=-15.96; a6=1.

81.

3. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first pressure regulating valve group comprises a first solenoid valve EV1 and a second solenoid valve EV2 which are connected to the upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank (40), wherein the pressure relief pressure of the second solenoid valve EV2 is 1.1 times the pressure relief pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, and the pressure relief pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1 is calculated and set according to the following formula: Where: P ev1 is the reduced pressure of the first solenoid valve EV1, unit: MPa(A); T m The maximum test temperature of the pipeline in the high temperature zone, unit: °C; β is the calculation constant, β=1-(T m +273.15) / 647; a1=-7.85; a2=1.85; a3=-11.78; a4=22.69; a5=-15.96; a6=1.

81.

4. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-temperature zone pipeline is connected in parallel with the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger (60); the parallel pipeline on the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger (60) is located on the outlet side of the tested component (32); a sixth valve BV6 is installed on the inlet side of the parallel pipeline on the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger (60); a fifth valve BV5 is installed on the pipeline between two nodes of the parallel pipeline on the heat source side of the cooling heat exchanger (60); and the cold source side of the cooling heat exchanger (60) is connected to a cooling circulation pipeline.

5. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Heat transfer oil circulates in the cooling circulation pipeline. Along the flow direction of the heat transfer oil, the cooling circulation pipeline is connected in sequence with a second electric heater (74), an oil pump (73), an expansion tank (71) and a tube-fin heat exchanger (75), wherein the tube-fin heat exchanger (75) is connected in parallel with the cooling circulation pipeline, a fourteenth valve BV14 is installed on the inlet side of the parallel pipeline of the tube-fin heat exchanger (75), and an eleventh valve BV11 is installed on the pipeline between two nodes of the parallel pipeline of the tube-fin heat exchanger (75) on the cooling circulation pipeline.

6. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank (71) stores heat transfer oil and is connected to a cooling circulation pipeline through an oil replenishment pipe. The upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank (71) is provided with pressurized gas and is equipped with a second pressure regulating valve group.

7. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second pressure regulating valve group comprises a third solenoid valve EV3 and a fourth solenoid valve EV4 which are connected to the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank (71), the pressure relief pressure of the third solenoid valve EV3 is 0.2-0.4 MPa (A), and the pressure relief pressure of the fourth solenoid valve EV4 is 1.05 times the pressure relief pressure of the third solenoid valve EV3.

8. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper part of the inner cavity of the pressure regulating tank (40) is also equipped with a first valve BV1, a second valve BV2 and a first safety valve SV1; the upper part of the inner cavity of the expansion tank (71) is also equipped with a ninth valve BV9, a tenth valve BV10 and a second safety valve SV2; the outlet ends of the first valve BV1 and the ninth valve BV9 are both connected to the inlet end of the vacuum pump (50).

9. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first filter (21) and a first check valve CV1 are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the water pump (22) on the low temperature zone pipeline, and a flow meter FM is also installed on the low temperature zone pipeline; a second filter (72) and a second check valve CV2 are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the oil pump (73) on the cooling circulation pipeline.

10. A high temperature and high pressure water circulation test system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high temperature zone pipeline is connected to a regulating branch in parallel with the tested component (32); a three-way regulating valve TMV is installed at the connection node between the regulating branch and the high temperature zone pipeline; a third valve BV3 and a fourth valve BV4 are respectively installed at the inlet and outlet of the tested component (32) on the high temperature zone pipeline; and a two-way regulating valve MV is also installed on the high temperature zone pipeline.

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