Solar tracking device with automatic adjusting function

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar tracking, and particularly relates to a solar tracking device with an automatic adjusting function, which comprises a photovoltaic panel assembly, a tracking driving mechanism, a sunlight monitoring mechanism, a state monitoring mechanism and a main control mechanism, the tracking driving mechanism, the sunlight monitoring mechanism and the main control mechanism are electrically connected and are controlled by the main control mechanism, the main control mechanism firstly detects the maximum power of a photovoltaic panel to judge whether the photovoltaic panel is shielded or not, the main control mechanism controls the photovoltaic panel which is judged to be shielded to rotate by a certain deflection angle, and the sunlight monitoring mechanism monitors whether the photovoltaic panel is shielded or not. If the deflection angle rotates, the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel is increased, the main control mechanism judges that the shielding can be changed, and subsequent adjustment is carried out, and if the deflection angle is certain, the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel is not increased, the main control mechanism judges that the information of the photovoltaic panel is transmitted to a terminal, and a corresponding protection mechanism is adopted. Therefore, the state of the photovoltaic panel is monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar tracking, and particularly relates to a solar tracking device with an automatic adjustment function. Background Art

[0002] A solar tracking device works through the coordinated operation of a series of measuring mechanisms, processors, and actuating mechanisms (uniaxial tracking rotation structure or biaxial tracking rotation structure). One of the tracking methods adopted by the measuring mechanism for sunlight data is the method of tracking the apparent solar trajectory using astronomical algorithms, combined with the inclination sensor tracking method, which can automatically adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly according to the position of the sun to ensure that they are always facing the sun directly, thereby maximizing the received solar radiation. Therefore, when installing and using the tracking device to track sunlight, it is necessary to maximize the perpendicularity between the photovoltaic panel and sunlight to improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0003] However, although during design, shadow analysis and simulation are usually carried out to ensure that the photovoltaic panel assembly can capture sunlight maximally and minimize the occlusion between the surrounding environment or the photovoltaic panels themselves. However, in actual applications, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is easily affected by various factors. For example, over time, occlusion phenomena will occur on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. For example, the growth of vegetation around the photovoltaic panel exceeds expectations, or the presence of occlusions such as dust and bird droppings on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Moreover, determining whether there is occlusion on the photovoltaic panel depends on the observation of the staff in the power station.

[0004] Photovoltaic power generation is widely distributed in areas rich in solar resources. Among them, in high-altitude mountainous areas with rich solar energy resources due to high altitude, a large number of photovoltaic power stations are usually built. However, due to the existence of specific environmental factors in high-altitude mountainous areas, such as inconvenient transportation caused by harsh high-altitude environments, etc., it will undoubtedly increase the cleaning difficulty of the staff. Therefore, there will be a situation where the staff cannot observe and take corresponding measures in time, resulting in the photovoltaic panel being occluded, affecting the power generation efficiency and even being damaged, affecting subsequent use.

[0005] Therefore, for the photovoltaic panels in high-altitude mountainous areas with harsh environments, how to timely detect the occlusion on the photovoltaic panel and reduce the occlusion by automatically adjusting the orientation angle of the photovoltaic panel has become a problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a solar tracking device with an automatic adjustment function, which solves the occlusion problem existing between adjacent brackets when the distance between adjacent brackets of the photovoltaic panel assembly is set.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A solar tracking device with an automatic adjustment function, comprising a photovoltaic panel assembly, a tracking drive mechanism, a sunlight monitoring mechanism, a status monitoring mechanism, and a main control mechanism. The tracking drive mechanism, the sunlight monitoring mechanism, and the main control mechanism are electrically connected and controlled by the main control mechanism; The sunlight monitoring mechanism is used to monitor sunlight data and transmit it to the main control mechanism. The sunlight data includes the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle, and the sunlight intensity; The main control mechanism instructs the tracking drive mechanism to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly. The tracking drive mechanism feeds back the position data of the photovoltaic panel assembly to the main control mechanism. The position data includes the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel and the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel; The status monitoring mechanism includes a maximum power point monitoring component, which is used to monitor the maximum power points of each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic panel assembly. The maximum power point monitoring component is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and transmits the monitoring data to the main control mechanism; It further includes a terminal, which is electrically connected to the main control mechanism; The main control component is provided with a dynamic maximum power point threshold and an occlusion range threshold. The main control mechanism analyzes and calculates the occlusion range of the photovoltaic panel based on the maximum power point and the dynamic maximum power point threshold. For the photovoltaic panel with an occlusion range greater than the occlusion range threshold, the main control mechanism determines that there is an occlusion in the photovoltaic panel assembly. The main control mechanism generates a rotation instruction and uploads the occlusion information to the terminal; The tracking drive mechanism executes the rotation instruction and deflects by a certain angle.

[0008] Preferably, the method for the main control mechanism to calculate the occlusion range: For a single photovoltaic panel: The main control mechanism calculates the occlusion ratio based on the maximum power point data and calculates the occlusion range of a single photovoltaic panel through the occlusion ratio; The main control mechanism compares and judges the occlusion range of the photovoltaic panel with the occlusion range threshold. When the occlusion range of the photovoltaic panel is not less than the occlusion range threshold, the main control mechanism determines that the angle of the photovoltaic panel needs to be adjusted. The main control mechanism generates a rotation instruction and drives the tracking drive assembly to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a comparison mechanism. The comparison mechanism includes an unoccluded photovoltaic panel. The maximum power detection component includes detecting the maximum power point of the unoccluded photovoltaic panel. The maximum power monitoring component transmits the maximum power point data of the unoccluded photovoltaic panel to the main control mechanism, and the main control mechanism generates a dynamic maximum power point threshold based on the maximum power.

[0010] Preferably, each of the photovoltaic panels is provided with a label, and the data transmitted from the state monitoring mechanism and the tracking drive mechanism to the main control mechanism are all provided with the label.

[0011] Preferably, the state monitoring mechanism further includes an infrared identification component, which is electrically connected to the main control mechanism, is used to receive the control instruction of the main control mechanism to perform infrared identification on the photovoltaic panel, and transmits the identification data to the main control mechanism. After the main control mechanism determines that there is an occlusion in the photovoltaic panel assembly, it instructs the infrared identification component to identify the occluded area of the photovoltaic panel; The main control mechanism calculates the position of the occluded area on the photovoltaic panel by combining the photovoltaic panel occlusion range data, the identification data and the position data, and generates a rotation instruction by combining the sunlight data, the position data of the photovoltaic panel assembly and the position data of the occluded area.

[0012] Preferably, the tracking drive mechanism includes a two-axis tracking bracket, the photovoltaic panel is rotatably arranged on the two-axis tracking bracket, the two-axis tracking bracket is electrically connected to the main control mechanism, and the two-axis tracking bracket executes the correction instruction to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] Preferably, a protection mechanism is further included, and the protection mechanism includes bypass diodes respectively arranged on the circuits of each photovoltaic panel, and each bypass diode is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and accepts the control of the main control mechanism; For the photovoltaic panel determined to have an occlusion, the main control mechanism controls the bypass diode of the photovoltaic panel to work.

[0014] Preferably, the state monitoring mechanism further includes a temperature monitoring component, which is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and accepts the control of the main control mechanism. The temperature monitoring component is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel to monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic panel and transmits the temperature data to the main control mechanism. The main control mechanism is provided with a temperature threshold, and the main control mechanism transmits the numbers of the photovoltaic panels with temperatures not less than the temperature threshold to the terminal.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The main control mechanism first detects the maximum power on the photovoltaic panel, then calculates the occlusion range of the photovoltaic panel through the maximum power point and the dynamic maximum power point threshold, and then judges whether there is an occlusion on the photovoltaic panel. The main control mechanism controls the photovoltaic panel determined to have an occlusion to rotate a certain deflection angle. If the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel increases after the deflection angle rotation, the main control mechanism determines that the occlusion can be changed and performs subsequent adjustments. If the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel does not increase after deflecting a certain deflection angle, the main control mechanism uploads the information of the photovoltaic panel to the terminal, realizing the monitoring of the state of the photovoltaic panel and can first process the photovoltaic panels that can be adjusted.

[0016] Subsequently, for the photovoltaic panels with occlusion, the position of the occluded area is determined through the occlusion range and the infrared thermal imager. According to the position of the occluded area and the position data of the photovoltaic panels, combined with the sunlight data, a rotation instruction is generated to more effectively reduce the existence of shadows. Description of the Drawings

[0017] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following will describe in detail the specific embodiments, structures, features, and effects of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a solar tracking device with an automatic adjustment function, including a photovoltaic panel assembly, a tracking drive mechanism, a sunlight monitoring mechanism, a status monitoring mechanism, and a main control mechanism. The status monitoring mechanism, the tracking drive mechanism, and the sunlight monitoring mechanism are respectively electrically connected to the main control mechanism; For the convenience of subsequent data calculation and management, each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic panel assembly is provided with a label, and the label can be set as a number, so that the data transmitted from the status monitoring mechanism and the tracking drive mechanism to the main control mechanism all carry the label of the corresponding photovoltaic panel.

[0021] The tracking drive mechanism includes a two-axis tracking bracket, and the photovoltaic panel is rotatably arranged on the two-axis tracking bracket. The two-axis tracking bracket is electrically connected to the main control mechanism. The two-axis tracking bracket executes a correction instruction or an ordinary tracking instruction to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel. The main control mechanism has ordinary solar tracking control and adjustment control when the photovoltaic panel is occluded for the angle adjustment of the two-axis tracking bracket.

[0022] The sunlight monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the sunlight data and transmit it to the main control mechanism. The sunlight monitoring mechanism uses astronomical algorithms combined with the Wannian calendar to track and monitor the sunlight. The data transmitted from the status monitoring mechanism, the tracking drive mechanism, and the sunlight monitoring mechanism to the main control mechanism all carry the corresponding photovoltaic panel number, which is convenient for subsequent distinction and calculation.

[0023] The main control mechanism adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly according to the data instruction of sunlight through the tracking drive mechanism. Here, the main control mechanism adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the sunlight data to make the photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the direction of sunlight, achieving the tracking of sunlight. Using the tracking technology of the solar tracking device that adjusts the photovoltaic panel following the direction of sunlight under general technology, the maximum utilization rate of light can be achieved.

[0024] The status monitoring mechanism includes a maximum power point monitoring component. The maximum power point monitoring component is used to monitor the maximum power points of each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic panel assembly. The maximum power point monitoring component is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and transmits the monitoring data to the main control mechanism.

[0025] Since the output power of the photovoltaic panel is not constant, but changes with environmental factors such as light intensity and temperature. Under different light and temperature conditions, the photovoltaic panel has a specific operating point at which its output power reaches the maximum value, and this point is called the maximum power point (MMP).

[0026] The detection component of the maximum power point monitors the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic panel in real time to monitor the operation of the photovoltaic panel. The power is detected by detecting the operating voltage and operating current, generating a power curve, and the power is monitored according to the power curve. A dynamic maximum power point threshold is set in the main control component. Here, the dynamic maximum power threshold can be calculated through environmental simulation.

[0027] When the occlusion range of the photovoltaic panel exceeds the occlusion range threshold, the main control mechanism will trigger the angle adjustment mechanism, generate a rotation instruction, and the tracking drive mechanism executes the rotation instruction to finely adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel. The main control mechanism controls the rotation of a certain deflection angle for the photovoltaic panel determined to be occluded. If the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel increases after the deflection angle rotation, the main control mechanism determines that the occlusion can be changed and proceeds with subsequent adjustments. If the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel does not increase after deflecting a certain angle, the main control mechanism uploads the information of the photovoltaic panel to the terminal.

[0028] The setting of the occlusion range threshold should be based on the maximum power point loss of the photovoltaic panel. Generally, there is a linear relationship between the occlusion ratio and the power loss. Therefore, according to the type of photovoltaic panel and when the occlusion ratio of this type of photovoltaic panel reaches a certain value, the power loss of the photovoltaic panel will increase sharply. At this time, measures must be taken to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel to increase the light radiation rate and reduce the power loss. The occlusion range threshold can also be calculated through experimental data or simulated calculation using historical data.

[0029] It also includes a terminal. The terminal is electrically connected to the main control mechanism. The terminal can be a mobile phone or a computer of the staff, etc.

[0030] For a photovoltaic panel with an occlusion range greater than the occlusion range threshold, the main control mechanism determines that the photovoltaic panel is occluded. The main control mechanism transmits the information of the photovoltaic panel to the terminal and generates a rotation command for the photovoltaic panel. Here, the rotation command is equivalent to rotating by a small angle first, and then determining whether this angle can increase the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel and reduce the impact of occlusion on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0031] The method for the calculation module to calculate the occlusion range is implemented according to the following steps: For a single photovoltaic panel: The main control mechanism calculates the occlusion ratio based on the maximum power point data, and calculates the occlusion range of a single photovoltaic panel through the occlusion ratio; The maximum power point data is set as P1, and the maximum power point threshold at this moment is P2. Therefore, the occlusion ratio of a single photovoltaic panel , occlusion range = occlusion ratio × photovoltaic panel area; When the occlusion ratio is greater than the occlusion ratio threshold, the main control mechanism determines that the photovoltaic panel needs to be adjusted; The main control mechanism compares the occlusion range of all photovoltaic panels with the occlusion range threshold. When the occlusion range of all photovoltaic panels is not less than the occlusion range threshold, the main control mechanism determines that the angle of the photovoltaic panel needs to be adjusted. First, calculate the occlusion range of each photovoltaic panel one by one. For the occlusion range of a single photovoltaic panel, make targeted adjustments to the occluded area and generate a rotation command.

[0032] Due to the certain gap between the real environment and the theoretical environment, and the temperature, humidity or wind force in the environment will affect the final simulation results. Therefore, in order to ensure that the required dynamic maximum power point threshold can more truly reflect the light conditions in the installation environment of the photovoltaic panel assembly compared to the simulation value, in one embodiment, a comparison mechanism is further included. The comparison mechanism includes an unobstructed photovoltaic panel. Here, the unobstructed photovoltaic panel itself has the same photovoltaic panel model as any one of a certain range of photovoltaic panel assemblies. Just the unobstructed photovoltaic panel as the comparison mechanism is independent and set beside the photovoltaic panel assembly. When installing, it is necessary to ensure that there is no obstruction for the unobstructed photovoltaic panel used as a comparison. And this unobstructed photovoltaic panel also adopts the same sun tracking technology as the photovoltaic panel assembly under normal circumstances, keeping perpendicular to the sunlight. Moreover, the installation position of the unobstructed photovoltaic panel is at the same latitude as the central position of the photovoltaic panel assembly, used to realize the comparison of the photovoltaic panel assembly in this area. The area of the area, the number of photovoltaic panels set in the area, and the corresponding number of unobstructed photovoltaic panels for comparison can be obtained according to specific tests. Compared with the simulation according to the environment, the unobstructed photovoltaic panel given in this embodiment for comparison is closer to the real environment. The maximum power detection component detects the maximum power point of the unobstructed photovoltaic panel, and the maximum power monitoring component transmits the maximum power point data of the unobstructed photovoltaic panel to the main control mechanism. The main control mechanism performs data smoothing and noise reduction processing on the maximum power point and then generates a dynamic maximum power point threshold.

[0033] Subsequently, the main control mechanism determines whether the photovoltaic panel is blocked based on the maximum power point and the dynamic maximum power point threshold. When the photovoltaic panel is blocked, the maximum power point of this photovoltaic panel transmitted by the maximum power point monitoring component to the main control mechanism is less than the maximum power point threshold.

[0034] The tracking drive mechanism feeds back the position data of the photovoltaic panel assembly to the main control mechanism, including the pitch angle β1 and the azimuth angle β2 of the photovoltaic panel. β1 represents the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel relative to the horizontal plane, and β2 represents the angle of the photovoltaic panel relative to the due south direction.

[0035] The sunlight data includes the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle, and the sunlight intensity. The solar altitude angle represents the angle between the sunlight ray and the horizon, the solar azimuth angle represents the angle of the sun relative to the due south direction, and the sunlight intensity represents the power density of solar radiation.

[0036] The calculation module first obtains the tracking reference value based on the sunlight data, and then generates the corrected adjustment angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the sunlight data, the position data of the photovoltaic panel, and the occlusion range. The main control mechanism generates a correction instruction based on the corrected adjustment angle, and the tracking drive mechanism controls the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the correction instruction. For the photovoltaic panel with an occlusion range greater than the occlusion range threshold, the calculation module uses a general solar tracking calculation method to calculate the tracking reference value, and the tracking reference value includes the pitch angle α1 and the azimuth angle α2 of the photovoltaic panel. According to the occlusion range, the position of the occlusion area, and the position data of the photovoltaic panel assembly, the orientation angle of the photovoltaic panel after reducing occlusion is calculated through shadow simulation. Referring to the shadow simulation method used to calculate the spacing between photovoltaic panels when setting the photovoltaic panel assembly, the simulated orientation angle of the photovoltaic panel includes the pitch angle θ1 and the azimuth angle θ2 of the photovoltaic panel: The correction amplitude of the pitch angle, ∆1 = θ1 - α1; The correction amplitude of the azimuth angle, ∆2 = θ2 - α2; The calculation methods of the pitch angle θ1 and the azimuth angle θ2 of the photovoltaic panel are calculated in combination with the occlusion range and the specific position of the occlusion. The occlusion range (occlusion area) on the photovoltaic panel can be determined by the maximum power point on the photovoltaic panel in combination with the maximum power point threshold.

[0037] On the premise that the occlusion range on the photovoltaic panel has been determined, to determine the position of the shadow on the photovoltaic panel. Since when a part of the solar photovoltaic panel is occluded, the unoccluded part continues to work and generate current, while the cells in the occluded part cannot work properly and cannot effectively convert light energy into electrical energy. Instead, they become loads in the photovoltaic panel circuit and consume the energy generated by other unoccluded cells, and these energies are dissipated in the form of heat, resulting in a local temperature increase. This phenomenon is called the "hot spot effect". Therefore, in one embodiment, the state monitoring mechanism further includes an infrared identification component. The infrared identification component is electrically connected to the main control mechanism, and is used to receive the control instruction of the main control mechanism to perform infrared identification on the photovoltaic panel, and transmit the identification data to the main control mechanism. After the main control mechanism determines that there is occlusion in the photovoltaic panel assembly, it instructs the infrared identification component to identify the occluded area of the photovoltaic panel. The infrared identification component can be implemented using an infrared thermal imager. The infrared thermal imager identifies the position of the occluded area on the photovoltaic panel through the following steps: The infrared thermal imager scans the occluded area of the selected photovoltaic panel under the control of the main control mechanism to obtain the temperature distribution image of the photovoltaic panel surface; Analyze the obtained thermal image to find abnormal high-temperature points or areas. Since the occluded area will appear as a brighter (i.e., higher temperature) patch in the image than the surrounding area.

[0038] The main control mechanism then locates the position of the shaded area on the photovoltaic panel based on the position data of the photovoltaic panel at this moment feedback by the tracking mechanism.

[0039] In the previous description, the occurrence of hot spots will cause the temperature of the shaded area on the photovoltaic panel to rise sharply. The high temperature will not only reduce the working efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, but may also damage the battery, solder joints and packaging materials, shortening the service life of the photovoltaic panel. Moreover, when the shading on the photovoltaic panel is not very serious, the protection mechanism should be used to protect the photovoltaic panel first to reduce the burden on the staff. Therefore, in an embodiment, a protection mechanism is further included. The protection mechanism includes bypass diodes respectively arranged on the circuits of each photovoltaic panel. Each bypass diode is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and accepts the control of the main control mechanism; Moreover, due to the existence of force majeure factors, such as mountain blockage or blockage between photovoltaic panels, there will still be a certain degree of blockage for the adjusted photovoltaic panels. For the photovoltaic panels whose maximum power point controlled by the main control mechanism is still less than the dynamic maximum power point threshold, since the reduction of the optical power point indicates that there is a shading phenomenon on the photovoltaic panel, the main control mechanism controls the bypass diode of the photovoltaic panel to start working.

[0040] Since in the morning or afternoon, the light intensity of sunlight is still very strong, but due to the angle of the sun rays on the photovoltaic panel module, the shading object at the installation position of the photovoltaic panel module produces a shadow on the photovoltaic panel, and the duration of the shadow is relatively long or the area of the shadow is relatively large. Relying solely on the bypass diodes arranged on the photovoltaic panel circuit is not sufficient to eliminate the damage caused by the shadow to the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, in an embodiment, the state monitoring mechanism further includes a temperature monitoring component. The temperature monitoring component is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and accepts the control of the main control mechanism. The temperature monitoring component is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel to monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic panel and transmit the temperature data to the main control mechanism. The main control mechanism is provided with a temperature threshold. The main control mechanism transmits the numbers of the photovoltaic panels whose temperature is not less than the temperature threshold to the terminal. The temperature threshold is used to evaluate the working state of the photovoltaic panel. When the working state of the photovoltaic panel is not good, the number information of the photovoltaic panel and the over-temperature phenomenon are transmitted to the terminal for processing. It is also possible that when transmitting to the terminal, the main control mechanism shuts down the photovoltaic panel. If the photovoltaic panel modules are connected in series, the photovoltaic panel needs to be short-circuited first to prevent the photovoltaic panel from affecting other photovoltaic panels.

[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function, characterized in that: It includes a photovoltaic panel assembly, a tracking drive mechanism, a sunlight monitoring mechanism, a state monitoring mechanism and a main control mechanism, wherein the tracking drive mechanism, the sunlight monitoring mechanism and the main control mechanism are electrically connected and are controlled by the main control mechanism; The sunlight monitoring mechanism is used to monitor sunlight data and transmit it to the main control mechanism, wherein the sunlight data includes the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle and the sunlight intensity; The main control mechanism instructs the tracking drive mechanism to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the tracking drive mechanism feeds back the position data of the photovoltaic panel assembly to the main control mechanism, wherein the position data includes the pitch angle and azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel; The state monitoring mechanism includes a maximum power point monitoring component, which is used to monitor the maximum power point of each photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and the maximum power point monitoring component is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and transmits monitoring data to the main control mechanism; It also includes a terminal, which is electrically connected to the main control mechanism; The main control component is provided with a dynamic maximum power point threshold and a shielding range threshold. The main control mechanism analyzes and calculates the shielding range of the photovoltaic panel through the maximum power point and the dynamic maximum power point threshold. For the photovoltaic panel whose shielding range is greater than the shielding range threshold, the main control mechanism determines that there is shielding in the photovoltaic panel component, and the main control mechanism generates a rotation instruction and uploads the shielding information to the terminal; The tracking drive mechanism executes the rotation instruction and deflects by a certain angle.

2. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for the main control mechanism to calculate the occlusion range: For a single photovoltaic panel: the main control mechanism calculates the shading ratio according to the maximum power point data, and calculates the shading range of the single photovoltaic panel through the shading ratio; The main control mechanism compares and judges the shading range of the photovoltaic panel and the shading range threshold. When the shading range of the photovoltaic panel is not less than the shading range threshold, the main control mechanism determines that the angle of the photovoltaic panel needs to be adjusted. The main control mechanism generates a rotation command and drives the tracking drive component to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel.

3. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a control mechanism, which includes an unobstructed photovoltaic panel. The maximum power detection component includes detecting the maximum power point of the unobstructed photovoltaic panel. The maximum power monitoring component transmits the maximum power point data of the unobstructed photovoltaic panel to the main control mechanism, and the main control mechanism generates a dynamic maximum power point threshold from the maximum power.

4. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the photovoltaic panels is provided with a label, and the data transmitted from the state monitoring mechanism and the tracking drive mechanism to the main control mechanism are provided with the label.

5. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The state monitoring mechanism also includes an infrared recognition component, which is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and is used to receive a control instruction from the main control mechanism to perform infrared recognition on the photovoltaic panel and transmit the recognition data to the main control mechanism. After determining that the photovoltaic panel assembly is blocked, the main control mechanism instructs the infrared recognition component to identify the blocked area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; The main control mechanism combines the photovoltaic panel shading range data, identification data and position data to calculate the position of the area where the shading range is located on the photovoltaic panel, and the main control mechanism combines the sunlight data, the position data of the photovoltaic panel assembly and the position data of the area where the shading range is located to generate a rotation instruction.

6. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tracking drive mechanism comprises a dual-axis tracking bracket, the photovoltaic panel is rotatably arranged on the dual-axis tracking bracket, the dual-axis tracking bracket is electrically connected to a main control mechanism, and the dual-axis tracking bracket executes a correction instruction to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel.

7. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a protection mechanism, which includes bypass diodes respectively arranged on each photovoltaic panel circuit, and each bypass diode is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and is controlled by the main control mechanism; For the photovoltaic panel determined to be blocked, the main control mechanism controls the bypass diode of the photovoltaic panel to operate.

8. A solar tracking device with automatic adjustment function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The status monitoring mechanism also includes a temperature monitoring component, which is electrically connected to the main control mechanism and is controlled by the main control mechanism. The temperature monitoring component is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel to monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic panel and transmit the temperature data to the main control mechanism. The main control mechanism is provided with a temperature threshold, and the main control mechanism transmits the number of the photovoltaic panel whose temperature is not less than the temperature threshold to the terminal.

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