Air conditioner demand response potential evaluation method applied to power distribution network planning

Abstract

The invention discloses an air conditioner demand response potential evaluation method applied to power distribution network planning, and relates to the technical field of power distribution network planning. Calculating equivalent heat capacity and equivalent heat resistance of the building, accurately calculating the equivalent heat resistance and the equivalent heat capacity through a contrast method, calculating the comfort degree of the human body in different environments according to a PMV model, and determining the adjustable boundary of the air conditioner temperature; and determining an adjustment strategy according to the response time, and carrying out potential evaluation and prediction on the adjustable potential of the system and the demands of different building types in each time period. According to the air conditioner demand response potential evaluation method applied to power distribution network planning, the problem that air conditioner demand response potential evaluation usually neglects differences of building types, environmental factors and response time and the like is solved through accurate equivalent heat capacity and heat resistance calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution network planning, and in particular to an air conditioning demand response potential evaluation method applied in distribution network planning. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global energy demand and the increasing challenges of environmental protection, the traditional power system is facing unprecedented pressure. Especially in the context of accelerated urbanization, the air conditioning system of large commercial buildings is one of the main consumers of electricity. Its energy consumption management and optimization has become a key area of ​​energy conservation and emission reduction and demand-side management.

[0003] However, existing air-conditioning demand response evaluation methods often have problems such as difficulty in data acquisition, weak model generalization ability, and single adjustment strategy, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of flexible regulation of air-conditioning systems in smart grid environments.

[0004] The traditional method considers the suppression of sudden load changes at the start and end stages of demand response, and uses a queuing method to control the start and end times of each air-conditioning demand response. The start and end times of each air-conditioning load demand response are staggered to avoid the load from collectively entering the cooling or standby state instantly, causing load spikes; and ensures that the aggregator can achieve aggregate control of the terminal air conditioner through the intelligent controller installed at the air-conditioning load terminal to achieve the final demand response target value. The above traditional methods have the following shortcomings: the ability to flexibly control the air-conditioning system is weak and needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: the existing air-conditioning demand response method has the problems of inaccurate demand response potential assessment, inflexible adjustment strategy, inaccurate calculation of thermal capacity and thermal resistance, and how to collect and preprocess multi-source data, accurately calculate equivalent thermal capacity and thermal resistance, use the PMV model to calculate human comfort, combine building type and response time, and design a reasonable adjustment strategy, so as to achieve accurate air-conditioning demand response potential assessment, optimize distribution network planning, and improve system energy efficiency and responsiveness.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for evaluating air conditioning demand response potential applied in distribution network planning, comprising collecting multi-source data and selecting a suitable preprocessing method according to different multi-source data;

[0008] Calculate the equivalent thermal capacity and equivalent thermal resistance of the building and accurately calculate the equivalent thermal resistance and equivalent thermal capacity through the comparison method;

[0009] Calculate the comfort level of the human body in different environments according to the PMV model, and determine the adjustable boundary of the air conditioning temperature;

[0010] Determine the adjustment strategy according to the response time, and conduct potential assessment and prediction on the adjustable potential of the system and the demands of different building types in each time period.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to the distribution network planning described in the present invention, wherein: the multi-source data includes outdoor temperature, solar radiation, indoor temperature, air conditioning power, and energy efficiency ratio.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to the distribution network planning described in the present invention, wherein: the selection of the preprocessing method includes proposing a new adaptive data preprocessing algorithm, automatically selecting a suitable data processing method according to different environmental or seasonal characteristics, adapting to different building types, weather conditions, or the response capabilities of air conditioning systems, and improving the accuracy of subsequent calculations.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to the distribution network planning described in the present invention, wherein: the process of ensuring data accuracy includes selecting data time periods to minimize the influence of solar radiation and internal heat sources, and at the same time comparing the calculation results under different weeks but similar weather conditions to verify the accuracy and consistency of the equivalent thermal parameters.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to the distribution network planning described in the present invention, wherein: setting the temperature adjustable range includes calculating the current comfort level according to the metabolic rate, external work heat, and environmental temperature and humidity parameters of the human body, determining the acceptable upper and lower limits of temperature adjustment, and at the same time, simulating and adjusting the indoor set temperature while keeping other factors unchanged, and predicting the adjusted temperature boundary.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to the distribution network planning described in the present invention, wherein: the rigid and flexible adjustment strategies include determining whether the air conditioning system can reach a new steady state within 15 minutes according to its response characteristics. For a fast-response system, implement a fixed-amplitude temperature adjustment, calculate the resulting energy consumption change and effect, and for a slow-response system, design a gradually changing temperature adjustment plan, and determine the optimal control curve through simulation analysis.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the air-conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to distribution network planning according to the present invention, the potential assessment and prediction include: considering the specific heat capacity of circulating water or working medium and the characteristics of heat exchange equipment, calculating the overall equivalent heat capacity of the system to analyze its heat exchange characteristics, based on the equivalent heat capacity and thermal resistance, combined with the expected temperature adjustment range, inferring the adjustable potential of the water system and circulating working medium in demand response and evaluating it, and finally, according to the evaluation results, proposing a plan to improve the efficiency and response ability of the circulation system, improving the pipeline layout or replacing with more efficient heat exchange equipment.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning demand response potential assessment system applied to distribution network planning, which can accurately calculate the equivalent heat capacity and thermal resistance of a building, calculate the human body comfort level in combination with the PMV model, and design a flexible temperature adjustment strategy, solving the problems of the current air-conditioning demand response assessment technology, such as lack of targeted adjustment strategies, ignoring the differences in building thermal inertia and environmental factors, resulting in low adjustment efficiency, energy waste, and inaccurate assessment of demand response potential.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the air-conditioning demand response potential assessment system applied to distribution network planning according to the present invention, it includes a collection and processing module, a calculation module, and an assessment and prediction module.

[0019] The collection and processing module is used to obtain key data such as outdoor temperature, solar radiation, indoor temperature, air-conditioning power, and energy efficiency ratio and perform preprocessing.

[0020] The calculation module is used to select the internal and external temperature data during the unoccupied period at night in summer, calculate the equivalent heat capacity and equivalent thermal resistance of the building, calculate the human body comfort level in different environments according to the PMV model, and determine the adjustable boundary of the air-conditioning temperature.

[0021] The assessment and prediction module is used for systems with a response time less than 15 minutes, adopting a rigid adjustment strategy, and for systems with a response time greater than 15 minutes, adopting a flexible adjustment strategy, respectively calculating the adjustable potential of the air conditioner under the two adjustment strategies. For water-system air conditioners, considering the thermal inertia of the enclosure structure and the adjustable potential of the water circulation system, comprehensively evaluating the total adjustable potential of the building air-conditioning system. Based on the annual outdoor temperature data of the region, establishing a mapping relationship between the air-conditioning power and the outdoor temperature, and predicting the demand response potential of different building types at various times throughout the year.

[0022] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the air-conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to distribution network planning.

[0023] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of an air-conditioning demand response potential evaluation method applied to distribution network planning.

[0024] Advantages of the present invention: The air-conditioning demand response potential evaluation method provided by the present invention applied to distribution network planning solves the problem that the evaluation results are deviated due to the differences in building types, environmental factors, and response times being usually ignored in the evaluation of air-conditioning demand response potential through accurate calculation of equivalent heat capacity and thermal resistance. It solves the problem of low adjustment efficiency and energy waste caused by formulating differentiated rigid and flexible adjustment strategies according to the different response times of air-conditioning systems by calculating human comfort through the PMV model. It solves the problem that the evaluation of the heat exchange characteristics of the system is inaccurate because the influence of solar radiation and internal heat sources is not fully considered in the calculation process of the equivalent heat capacity and thermal resistance of buildings in the prior art. The present invention achieves better results in terms of the accuracy of evaluation results, the refinement of adjustment strategies, and the accuracy of heat parameter calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the overall flowchart of an air-conditioning demand response potential evaluation method applied to distribution network planning provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will give a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides an air-conditioning demand response potential evaluation method applied to distribution network planning, including:

[0029] S1: Collect multi-source data and select a suitable preprocessing method according to different multi-source data.

[0030] Obtain historical and real-time outdoor temperature data, and use the building automation control system to collect indoor temperature, air-conditioning power, and energy efficiency ratio data. If indoor temperature data is missing, install temperature and humidity sensors for supplementary collection and check the timestamps and integrity of the collected data to ensure there are no missing values or outliers. Finally, use the interpolation method to fill in the missing data points. Apply a filtering algorithm to remove noise and perform normalization processing.

[0031] Furthermore, analyze the characteristic parameters of multi-source parameters to identify the characteristics of the current period and environment. In summer, the external temperature and solar radiation have a greater impact on the indoor temperature, while in winter, it is more dependent on the building's insulation performance. When the weather is hot, increase the weights of the external data and solar radiation data. When the weather is cold, increase the weights of the indoor temperature and heat source data.

[0032] T avg = αT in +(1 - α)T out

[0033] where α represents the weight coefficient, T in represents the indoor temperature, T out represents the outdoor temperature, T avg represents the weighted temperature.

[0034] S2: Calculate the building's equivalent heat capacity and equivalent thermal resistance and precisely calculate the equivalent thermal resistance and equivalent heat capacity through the control method.

[0035] The formulas for calculating the building's equivalent thermal resistance, equivalent heat capacity, and their product are as follows.

[0036]

[0037] where C represents the building's equivalent heat capacity, with the unit of joules per degree Celsius, R represents the building's equivalent thermal resistance, with the unit of degrees Celsius per watt, T in represents the building's indoor temperature, with the unit of degrees Celsius, T out represents the building's outdoor temperature, with the unit of degrees Celsius, ΔT in represents the change in the building's indoor temperature, with the unit of degrees Celsius, and t represents the time interval, with the unit of seconds.

[0038] Select two days on the same working day in different weeks with a solar radiation deviation of no more than 5%, and calculate the equivalent thermal resistance R based on the outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, air-conditioning power, and air-conditioning energy efficiency ratio during the same steady-state period.

[0039]

[0040] where T in1 represents the building's indoor temperature on similar day 1, with the unit of degrees Celsius, T out1Indicates the outdoor temperature of the building on Similar Day 1, in degrees Celsius, T in2 Indicates the indoor temperature of the building on Similar Day 2, in degrees Celsius, T out2 Indicates the outdoor temperature of the building on Similar Day 2, in degrees Celsius, COP 1 Indicates the air conditioner energy efficiency ratio on Similar Day 1, COP 2 Indicates the air conditioner energy efficiency ratio on Similar Day 2, P AC1 Indicates the operating power of the air conditioner on Similar Day 1, in kilowatts, P AC2 Indicates the operating power of the air conditioner on Similar Day 2, in kilowatts.

[0041] S3: Calculate the comfort level of the human body in different environments according to the PMV model, and determine the adjustable boundary of the air conditioner temperature.

[0042] If the response time ΔT is less than 15 minutes, rigid adjustment is adopted, and the formula is as follows.

[0043] ΔP = P AC

[0044] If the response time ΔT is more than 15 minutes, flexible adjustment is adopted, and the formula is as follows.

[0045]

[0046] Among them, ΔP represents the adjustable potential of the building, in kilowatts, R represents the equivalent thermal resistance of the building, in degrees Celsius per watt, T out0 represents the outdoor temperature of the building before response, in degrees Celsius, T set0 represents the set temperature of the indoor air conditioner of the building before response, in degrees Celsius, T out1 represents the outdoor temperature of the building after response, in degrees Celsius, T set1 represents the set temperature of the indoor air conditioner of the building after response, in degrees Celsius, COP represents the air conditioner energy efficiency ratio.

[0047] S4: Determine the adjustment strategy according to the response time, and conduct potential evaluation and prediction on the system adjustable potential and the demands of different building types in each time period.

[0048] Considering the specific heat capacity of the circulating water or working medium and the characteristics of the heat exchange equipment, calculate the overall equivalent heat capacity of the system. Based on the equivalent heat capacity and thermal resistance, combined with the expected temperature adjustment range, deduce the adjustable potential of the water system and the circulating working medium in demand response. According to the evaluation results, propose a plan to improve the efficiency and response ability of the circulating system, improve the pipeline layout or replace more efficient heat exchange equipment. The set temperature before demand response is T set0 , and it is adjusted to the set temperature T set1 during response, and the required response duration is Δt DR, before the response, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the air conditioner is used to calculate the adjustable potential of the thermal inertia of the building envelope.

[0049]

[0050] Among them, ΔP ps represents the adjustable potential of the thermal inertia of the building envelope, in watts; R represents the equivalent thermal resistance of the building, in degrees Celsius per watt; C represents the equivalent heat capacity of the building, in joules per degree Celsius; COP represents the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner; Δt DR represents the required response duration, in seconds.

[0051] The adjustable potential of the air-conditioning water circulation system or the circulating working medium and the corresponding heat exchange equipment is calculated according to the following method.

[0052]

[0053] Among them, ΔP cyc Δτ represents the adjustable potential of the air-conditioning water circulation system or the working medium and the corresponding heat exchange equipment, in joules; C cyc represents the equivalent heat capacity of the circulating water or the working medium and the corresponding heat exchange equipment; COP represents the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner. The adjustable potential of the water-system air conditioner is calculated according to the following method.

[0054] ΔP AC = ΔP ps + ΔP cyc

[0055] Among them, ΔP AC represents the adjustable potential of the building air-conditioning system, in watts; ΔP ps represents the adjustable potential of the thermal inertia of the building envelope, in watts; ΔP cyc represents the adjustable potential of the air-conditioning water circulation system or the working medium and the corresponding heat exchange equipment, in watts.

[0056] Embodiment 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides an air-conditioning demand response potential evaluation method applied to distribution network planning. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0057] First, multiple data sources are collected for the evaluation of the air-conditioning demand response potential. These data include: outdoor temperature, solar radiation, indoor temperature, air-conditioning power, and the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner, etc. To ensure the accuracy of the data, the summer night time when no one is using is selected to avoid the interference of internal heat sources and minimize solar radiation. All data are from multiple geographical regions to ensure representativeness.

[0058] For the heat exchange characteristics of each building, the equivalent heat capacity and equivalent thermal resistance were calculated. Using the control method, the experimental data in existing literature were compared to ensure the accuracy of the calculation results. Through this precise calculation, the thermal inertia and heat exchange characteristics of the building can be better understood, providing a solid foundation for the assessment of air-conditioning demand response.

[0059] In the process of establishing the air-conditioning demand response model, the PMV model was adopted to calculate the comfort level of the human body under different environmental conditions. By combining the temperature and humidity information inside the building and the human body metabolic rate, the adjustable boundaries of the air-conditioning temperature under different environments were determined. To ensure that the comfort level is between -0.5 and +0.5 and meet the energy-saving requirements, the upper and lower limits of the indoor temperature were adjusted.

[0060] According to the different response times, the adjustment strategies were further developed. For the air-conditioning systems with a response time less than 15 minutes, a rigid adjustment strategy was adopted, that is, the indoor temperature was adjusted by a fixed amplitude within the specified time; while for the air-conditioning systems with a longer response time, a flexible adjustment strategy was designed to gradually adjust the temperature to avoid overloading the system. Based on these data and models, the adjustable potential of the system was evaluated, and the demand response predictions for different building types and each time period were obtained.

[0061] In the final evaluation process, the system considered the specific heat capacity of the water circulation system and the characteristics of the heat exchange equipment, and calculated the total adjustable potential of the building air-conditioning system. After comprehensively considering various factors, the air-conditioning control strategy of the building was optimized, and the mapping relationship between the air-conditioning power and the outdoor temperature was established within a certain area range, predicting the demand response potential of different buildings in different seasons and time periods.

[0062] Table 1 Experimental data table

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Through the tabular data, the differences in the air-conditioning demand response potential of different buildings under different environmental conditions were compared. The parameters listed in the table are the outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, air-conditioning power, energy efficiency ratio, equivalent heat capacity, and equivalent thermal resistance, and these parameters are crucial for the assessment of the demand response potential.

[0066] The outdoor temperature of Building A is 35°C, while the outdoor temperature of Building C is lower at 25°C. It can be seen that the air-conditioning power of Building A is higher, reaching 5.2 kW, while the air-conditioning power of Building C is 4.3 kW. This difference indicates that in a high-temperature environment, the load of the building air-conditioning system is large and the power demand increases significantly. This also shows that under high-temperature conditions, the adjustment potential of the air-conditioning system is large and the space for demand response is wider.

[0067] The difference in the energy efficiency ratio reflects the energy efficiency performance of different building air-conditioning systems. The COP of Building B is 4.1, showing a relatively good energy efficiency level, while the COP of Building D is slightly lower, at 3.7. A higher energy efficiency ratio means that the system can provide the same cooling effect with lower energy consumption. Therefore, the adjustable potential of the system will be relatively high, and it can respond to grid demands more effectively.

[0068] The calculation results of the equivalent heat capacity and equivalent thermal resistance also reflect the thermal inertia characteristics of different buildings. The larger the equivalent heat capacity, the slower the building responds to temperature changes, and the adjustment strategy needs to be adjusted accordingly. The equivalent heat capacity of Building A is 7200 kJ / K, and that of Building B is 6800 kJ / K. Due to its higher heat capacity, Building A requires more time to respond during temperature adjustment and may need to adopt a flexible adjustment strategy; while Building B is suitable for adopting a rigid adjustment strategy.

[0069] Example 3, an embodiment of the present invention, provides an air-conditioning demand response potential evaluation system applied to distribution network planning, including a collection and processing module, a calculation module, and an evaluation and prediction module.

[0070] The collection and processing module is used to obtain key data such as outdoor temperature, solar radiation, indoor temperature, air-conditioning power, and energy efficiency ratio and perform preprocessing.

[0071] The calculation module is used to select the internal and external temperature data during the summer night when no one is using, calculate the equivalent heat capacity and equivalent thermal resistance of the building, calculate the comfort level of the human body in different environments according to the PMV model, and determine the adjustable boundary of the air-conditioning temperature.

[0072] The evaluation and prediction module is used for systems with a response time less than 15 minutes, adopting a rigid adjustment strategy, and for systems with a response time greater than 15 minutes, adopting a flexible adjustment strategy. Calculate the adjustable potential of the air-conditioning under the two adjustment strategies respectively. For water-system air-conditioning, consider the thermal inertia of the building envelope and the adjustable potential of the water circulation system, comprehensively evaluate the total adjustable potential of the building air-conditioning system. Based on the annual outdoor temperature data of the region, establish a mapping relationship between the air-conditioning power and the outdoor temperature, and predict the demand response potential of different building types at different times throughout the year.

[0073] If a function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc., all kinds of media that can store program codes.

[0074] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or described in other ways herein, for example, can be considered as a definite sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions), or used in combination with these instruction execution systems, apparatus, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0075] More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: electrical connection parts with one or more wirings (electronic devices), portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROMs or flash memories), optical fiber devices, and portable compact disc read-only memories (CDROMs). Additionally, a computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable media on which a program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, then editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing it as appropriate, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0076] It should be understood that each part of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits with logic gate circuits for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits with appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0077] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating air conditioning demand response potential in distribution network planning, characterized in that: include: Collect multi-source data and select appropriate preprocessing methods according to different multi-source data; Calculate the equivalent thermal capacity and equivalent thermal resistance of the building and accurately calculate the equivalent thermal resistance and equivalent thermal capacity through the comparison method; Calculate the comfort level of human body in different environments based on PMV model and determine the adjustable boundary of air conditioning temperature; Determine the adjustment strategy based on the response time, and evaluate and predict the system's adjustable potential and the demand of different building types in different time periods.

2. The air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection of the preprocessing method includes proposing a new adaptive data preprocessing algorithm, automatically selecting a suitable data processing method according to different environmental or seasonal characteristics, adapting to different building types, weather conditions or the responsiveness of air conditioning systems, and improving the accuracy of subsequent calculations.

3. The air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation process includes using indoor and outdoor temperature difference changes and time interval data to calculate the equivalent thermal resistance, equivalent heat capacity and their product of the building according to a formula.

4. The air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of ensuring data accuracy includes selecting data time periods to ensure that the impact of solar radiation and internal heat sources is minimal, and comparing calculation results under similar weather conditions in different weeks to verify the accuracy and consistency of equivalent thermal parameters.

5. The air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustable range of the set temperature includes calculating the current comfort level using the PMV model based on the human body's metabolic rate, external work heat, and ambient temperature and humidity parameters, determining the acceptable upper and lower limits of temperature adjustment, and at the same time simulating the adjustment of the indoor set temperature while ensuring that other factors remain unchanged, and predicting the adjusted temperature boundaries.

6. The air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rigid and flexible adjustment strategies include determining whether the air-conditioning system can reach a new steady state within 15 minutes based on its response characteristics. For fast-response systems, a fixed-amplitude temperature adjustment is implemented to calculate the energy consumption changes and effects caused thereby. For slow-response systems, a gradually changing temperature adjustment scheme is designed to determine the optimal control curve through simulation analysis.

7. The air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The potential assessment and prediction includes considering the specific heat capacity of the circulating water or working fluid and the characteristics of the heat exchange equipment, calculating the overall equivalent heat capacity of the system to analyze its heat exchange characteristics, and based on the equivalent heat capacity and thermal resistance, combined with the expected temperature adjustment range, calculating and evaluating the adjustable potential of the water system and the circulating working fluid in demand response. Finally, based on the evaluation results, a plan to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of the circulation system is proposed, and the pipeline layout is improved or more efficient heat exchange equipment is replaced.

8. A system using the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method for distribution network planning as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes collection and processing module, calculation module, and evaluation and prediction module; The collection and processing module is used to obtain key data such as outdoor temperature, solar radiation, indoor temperature, air conditioning power and energy efficiency ratio and perform preprocessing; The calculation module is used to select the internal and external temperature data during the summer night when no one is using the building, calculate the equivalent thermal capacity and equivalent thermal resistance of the building, calculate the comfort of the human body in different environments according to the PMV model, and determine the adjustable boundary of the air conditioning temperature; The evaluation and prediction module is used to adopt a rigid adjustment strategy for systems with a response time of less than 15 minutes, and a flexible adjustment strategy for systems with a response time of more than 15 minutes. The module calculates the adjustable potential of the air conditioner under the two adjustment strategies respectively. For water system air conditioning, the thermal inertia of the envelope structure and the adjustable potential of the water circulation system are considered to comprehensively evaluate the total adjustable potential of the building air conditioning system. The mapping relationship between the air conditioning power and the outdoor temperature is established based on the regional outdoor temperature data throughout the year, and the demand response potential of different building types in various time periods throughout the year is predicted.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied to distribution network planning are implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the air conditioning demand response potential assessment method applied in distribution network planning are implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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