Flat wire motor stator winding structure, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flat wire motor stator winding structure, a motor and an automobile. The flat wire motor stator winding structure includes a stator body, a plurality of stator slots, and a stator winding. The stator winding is divided into a-phase, and a single-phase branch is composed of 1 loop or 2 loops connected in parallel. A single loop includes m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8. d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of d from the first layer to the first layer; d1-1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of d-1 from the first layer to the first layer; d8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of d from the eighth layer to the eighth layer; m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is formed by sequentially welding the fourth type of hairpin with a span of d from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of d-1 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of d from the second layer to the third layer. It simultaneously meets the requirements of short average hairpin end span, fewer and concentrated lead wires, short pitch, and a slot distribution conducive to inter-phase insulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly to a flat wire motor stator winding structure, a motor and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] In the existing hairpin winding motors, there are various problems as follows:

[0003] 1. The average span of the hairpin ends (the hairpin end and the welding end) is relatively large. If the span is short, the copper consumption can be effectively reduced, and the copper loss and cost can be lowered.

[0004] 2. There are many and non-concentrated lead wires, which is not conducive to welding and increases the end height. If the number of lead wires is less and concentrated, the size of the busbar can be effectively reduced, and the cost can be lowered.

[0005] 3. The full pitch is adopted. If the short pitch is adopted, it is beneficial to eliminate harmonics.

[0006] 4. The two-phase conductors are alternately located in the same slot, which is not conducive to the inter-phase insulation in the slot. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above defects existing in the prior art, a flat wire motor stator winding structure, a motor and an automobile are provided, which simultaneously satisfy the short average span of the hairpin ends, fewer and concentrated lead wires, short pitch, and the in-slot distribution conducive to inter-phase insulation.

[0008] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems are as follows:

[0009] In the first aspect, a flat wire motor stator winding structure includes a stator body, a plurality of stator slots circumferentially spaced on the stator body, and a stator winding disposed in the stator slots; the stator winding is divided into a phases, and the remaining a - 1 phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one phase winding;

[0010] A single-phase branch circuit is composed of 1 loop or 2 loops connected in parallel, and the loop number code is b; when there are 2 loops, the path of one loop is rotated 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , where a is the number of phases, z is the total number of stator slots of the flat wire motor stator, and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers;

[0011] A single loop includes m, d1 - 1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1 - 1, m, d8;

[0012] d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of d from the first layer to the first layer;

[0013] d1 - 1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of d - 1 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0014] The third hairpin d8 has a span of d from the eighth layer to the eighth layer.

[0015] The cross-layer hairpin group m is composed of the fourth hairpin with a span of d from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth hairpin with a span of d - 1 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth hairpin with a span of d from the second layer to the third layer, which are welded in sequence.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, in the stator slot, the layer closest to the stator center is the first layer, and the layer closest to the stator outer circle is the eighth layer.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, in the stator slot, the layer closest to the stator center is the eighth layer, and the layer closest to the stator outer circle is the first layer.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, when each phase contains one loop, the welding part of any two adjacent hairpins in the loop is intercepted as the lead wire.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, when each phase contains two loops, the adjacent two welding segments of the two loops in the same phase are intercepted respectively as the lead wires of the two loops.

[0020] According to the above technical solution, the total number of stator slots , where p is the number of pole pairs; among them, , b is the number of single-phase loops, taking 1 or 2; , d is the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole, and a is a multiple of 3.

[0021] According to the above technical solution, the remaining phase windings are obtained by translating the first phase winding an integer multiple of the number of stator slots.

[0022] According to the above technical solution, when a takes 3, the second phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding the number of stator slots, and the third phase winding is obtained by translating the first phase winding the number of stator slots.

[0023] According to the above technical solution, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segment between two adjacent hairpins has the opposite direction from the bottom layer to the top layer to the hairpin segment.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segment between two adjacent hairpins has the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer as the hairpin segment.

[0025] In the second aspect, a motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure described in any one of the above.

[0026] In a third aspect, an automobile includes an electric motor, and the electric motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure described in any one of the above

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] First, short-pitch (d-1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and short-pitch (d-1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, ensuring that the average hairpin end of the stator winding of the entire hairpin motor is as small as possible, which can effectively reduce the copper consumption, reduce the copper loss and cost, and is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0029] Second, short-pitch (d-1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer to minimize the number of stator slots with two different potentials; and it can also ensure that there is only one case of different potentials in the stator slots with the above two potentials. This is conducive to making phase insulation, reducing the use of insulating paper, increasing the slot fill factor, and reducing the copper loss.

[0030] Third, short-pitch (d-1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and short-pitch (d-1) hairpins are used in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, which is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0031] Fourth, a single loop adopts m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8; in the first layer, the current directions of adjacent two hairpins are different; in the eighth layer, the directions of adjacent two hairpins are different. And when each phase includes one loop, any adjacent two welding parts in the loop are intercepted as the lead wires; when each phase includes two loops, the adjacent two welding segments in the two loops of the same phase are intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops respectively. Based on this, it is ensured that in the entire stator winding structure, the lead wires of each phase are few, and the lead wires of each loop are concentrated, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the bus bar and the cost.

[0032] The present invention simultaneously satisfies the above 4 advantages through the above settings of short-pitch and full-pitch hairpins in the first layer, the settings of short-pitch hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the above winding method of a single loop.

[0033] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it according to the content of the specification, the following takes the preferred embodiments of the present invention and combines the drawings to describe in detail as follows. The specific implementation manner of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of this application, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 is the stator winding structure of the embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figures 2 - 7 are six hairpin structures of the embodiment provided by the present invention, and the first hairpin to the sixth hairpin are arranged in sequence;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the effective conductor part of the hairpin in the stator slot in the embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hairpin distribution of the U-phase flat wire winding in the embodiment provided by the present invention (48 slots);

[0039] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the hairpin (single loop) distribution of the U-phase flat wire winding in the embodiment provided by the present invention (48 slots);

[0040] In the figure, 1 is the stator body; 2 is the stator slot; 3 is the stator winding; 4 is the hairpin; 4-1 is the effective conductor part; 4-2 is the hairpin section; 4-3 is the welding end; 5 is the bottom paper of the slot. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The following combines the attached Figures 1 - 10 Describe the principles and features of the present invention. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. According to the following description and the claims, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "disposed on" another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0044] Refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the flat wire motor stator winding structure provided by the present invention

[0045] includes a stator body 1, a plurality of stator slots 2 circumferentially spaced on the stator body, and a stator winding 3 disposed in the stator slots.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] The stator winding is divided into three phases, and the remaining two-phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one-phase winding.

[0048] A single-phase branch is composed of 1 loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , each single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots z = 24.

[0049] A single loop includes m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8;

[0050] d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0051] d1-1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0052] d8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer;

[0053] m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is successively welded by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the second layer to the third layer.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] The stator winding is divided into three phases, and the remaining two-phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one-phase winding; a single-phase branch is composed of 2 loops connected in parallel; when there are 2 loops, the path of one loop in the same phase rotates 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , each single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots .

[0056] A single loop includes m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8;

[0057] d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0058] d1-1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0059] d8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer;

[0060] m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is sequentially welded by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of 5 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of 6 from the second layer to the third layer.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] The stator winding is divided into 6 phases, and the remaining 5-phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one-phase winding.

[0063] The single-phase branch is composed of 1 loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots z = 48.

[0064] A single loop includes m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8; along the loop direction, in the first layer, the current directions of adjacent two hairpins are different; in the eighth layer, the current directions of adjacent two hairpins are different. Based on this, it is ensured that the hairpins of one loop are concentrated in a certain area of the motor, avoiding the winding crossover between different loops.

[0065] d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0066] d1-1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 11 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0067] d8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer;

[0068] m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is sequentially welded by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of 11 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the second layer to the third layer.

[0069] Embodiment 4

[0070] The stator winding is divided into 6 phases, and the remaining 6-phase windings are obtained by rotating a certain number of stator slots for any one-phase winding; the single-phase branch is composed of 2 loops connected in parallel; when there are 2 loops, the path of one loop in the same phase rotates 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; the total number of stator slots .

[0071] A single loop includes m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8;

[0072] d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0073] d1-1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of 11 from the first layer to the first layer;

[0074] d8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the eighth layer to the eighth layer;

[0075] m is a cross-layer hairpin group, which is sequentially welded by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of 11 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of 12 from the second layer to the third layer.

[0076] In addition to the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-4, embodiments with a taking 9 phases, 12 phases, etc. can also be adopted, which will not be discussed here.

[0077] Embodiment 5

[0078] The structure and principle of Embodiment 5 are similar to those of Embodiments 1-4. The difference is that for the above-mentioned Embodiments 1-4, there are also two types of structural forms.

[0079] The first type: In the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the first layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the eighth layer. This structural form means that there are two forms of the same-layer hairpins close to the stator center, one is full pitch and the other is short pitch; there is only one form of the same-layer hairpins far from the stator center, which is full pitch.

[0080] The second type: In the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the eighth layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the first layer. This structural form means that there are two forms of the same-layer hairpins far from the stator center, one is full pitch and the other is short pitch; there is only one form of the same-layer hairpins close to the stator center, which is full pitch.

[0081] In all the above embodiments, for the embodiments where each phase only contains one loop; the welding part of any two adjacent hairpins in the loop is intercepted as the lead wire. With such a structure, it can be realized that the welding parts of all the phase loops are designed in adjacent areas, so as to ensure that in the entire stator winding structure, the lead wires of each phase are few, and the lead wires of each loop are concentrated, thus achieving the purpose of reducing the size of the busbar and lowering the cost.

[0082] In all the above embodiments, for the embodiments where each phase only contains two loops; the adjacent two welding segments in the two loops of the same phase are intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops respectively. Based on this structure, the two adjacent lead wires of the same phase are concentrated at the adjacent welding segments of the two loops, and one lead wire can be obtained by translating one stator slot of the other lead wire. After other phases obtain the path by rotating according to this phase, the distance between the lead wires of the two loops of other phases is also only one stator slot.

[0083] In all of the above embodiments, the remaining phase windings are obtained by shifting the first phase winding by a positive integer multiple of the number of stator slots.

[0084] Taking the three-phase winding as an example, the second phase winding is obtained by shifting the first phase winding by a positive integer multiple of 6 stator slots, and the third phase winding is obtained by shifting the first phase winding by a positive integer multiple of 12 stator slots. Preferably, in order to reduce the crossover between the stator windings of adjacent phases, the second phase winding is obtained by shifting the first phase winding by stator slots, and the third phase winding is obtained by shifting the first phase winding by stator slots.

[0085] Among them, the hairpin 4 includes an effective conductor part 4-1, a hairpin segment 4-2, and a welding end 4-3; the hairpin is placed in the stator slot, and a slot bottom paper 5 is provided therebetween.

[0086] In all of the above embodiments, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segments between adjacent two hairpins have the opposite direction from the bottom layer to the top layer to that of the hairpin segment; forming the lap winding as shown in the figure. If the 48-slot stator is numbered, and if the direction of the hairpin segment from the bottom layer to the top layer is the direction of increasing number, then the direction of the welding segment from the bottom layer to the top layer is the direction of decreasing number.

[0087] In all of the above embodiments, in the cross-layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segments between adjacent two hairpins have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer as that of the hairpin segment; forming the wave winding not shown in the figure. If the 48-slot stator is numbered, and if the direction of the hairpin segment from the bottom layer to the top layer is the direction of increasing number, then the direction of the welding segment from the bottom layer to the top layer is the direction of increasing number.

[0088] Embodiment 6

[0089] The present invention also provides a motor, and the motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure as described in any one of the above.

[0090] Embodiment 7

[0091] The present invention also provides an automobile, including a motor, and the motor adopts the flat wire motor stator winding structure as described in any one of the above.

[0092] The principle of the present invention:

[0093] First, using short-pitch (d-1) hairpins in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and using short-pitch (d-1) in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer ensure that the average hairpin end of the stator winding of the entire hairpin motor is as small as possible, which can effectively reduce the copper consumption, lower the copper loss and cost, and is beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0094] Second, using short-pitch (d-1) in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer can minimize the number of stator slots with two different potentials; and it can also ensure that there is only one situation of different potentials in the stator slots with the above two potentials. This is conducive to making phase insulation, reducing the use of insulating paper, increasing the slot fill factor, and reducing copper loss.

[0095] Third, using short-pitch (d-1) hairpins in the hairpins from the first layer to the first layer, and using short-pitch (d-1) in the hairpins from the fourth layer to the fifth layer are beneficial to eliminating harmonics.

[0096] Fourth, a single loop uses m, d1-1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1-1, m, d8; in the first layer, the current directions of two adjacent hairpins are different; in the eighth layer, the directions of two adjacent hairpins are different. Moreover, when each phase contains one loop, any adjacent two welding parts of the loop are intercepted as the lead wires; when each phase contains two loops, the adjacent two welding segments of the two loops in the same phase are intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops respectively. Based on this, it is ensured that in the entire stator winding structure, the lead wires of each phase are few, and the lead wires of each loop are concentrated, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the busbar and lowering the cost.

[0097] In the present invention, through the above settings of the first-layer short-pitch and full-pitch hairpins, the fourth-layer to fifth-layer short-pitch hairpins, and the winding method of the above single loop, the above 4 advantages are simultaneously satisfied.

[0098] As mentioned above, it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not any form of restriction on the present invention; any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention according to the illustrations in the specification and the above description; however, any slight changes, modifications, and equivalent changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications, and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The stator winding structure of a flat wire motor includes a stator body, a plurality of stator slots circumferentially spaced on the stator body, and a stator winding disposed in the stator slots; the stator winding is divided into phase a, and the remaining a - 1 phase windings are obtained by rotating any one phase winding by several stator slots. It is characterized in that: The single-phase branch circuit is composed of 1 loop or 2 loops connected in parallel, and the loop number code is b. When there are 2 loops, the path of one loop in the same phase rotates 180° around the stator axis to obtain the other loop; the number of stator slots corresponding to a single pole , a is the number of phases, and a single stator slot is divided into 8 layers; A single loop includes m, d1 - 1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1, m, d8, m, d1 - 1, m, d8. d1 is the first type of hairpin with a span of d from the first layer to the first layer. d1 - 1 is the second type of hairpin with a span of d - 1 from the first layer to the first layer. d8 is the third type of hairpin with a span of d from the eighth layer to the eighth layer. m is a cross - layer hairpin group, which is sequentially welded by the fourth type of hairpin with a span of d from the sixth layer to the seventh layer, the fifth type of hairpin with a span of d - 1 from the fourth layer to the fifth layer, and the sixth type of hairpin with a span of d from the second layer to the third layer.

2. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the first layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the eighth layer.

3. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the stator slot, the layer close to the stator center is the eighth layer, and the layer close to the stator outer circle is the first layer.

4. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, wherein: When each phase contains one loop, the welding part of any two adjacent hairpins in the loop is intercepted as the lead wire.

5. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When each phase contains two loops, the adjacent two welding segments of the two loops in the same phase are respectively intercepted as the lead wires of the two loops.

6. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Total number of stator slots , where p is the number of pole pairs; among them, , b is the number of single-phase loops, b takes 1 or 2; a is a multiple of 3.

7. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 6, wherein: The remaining phase windings are obtained by shifting the first-phase winding by a positive integer multiple of stator slots.

8. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the case where a is 3, the second-phase winding is obtained by shifting the first-phase winding by stator slots, and the third-phase winding is obtained by shifting the first-phase winding by stator slots.

9. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the cross - layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segment between two adjacent hairpins has the opposite direction from the bottom layer to the top layer to the hairpin segment.

10. The flat wire motor stator winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the cross - layer hairpin group m, the hairpin segments of each hairpin have the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer, and the welding segment between two adjacent hairpins has the same direction from the bottom layer to the top layer as the hairpin segment.

11. A motor, characterized in that: Adopt the stator winding structure of the flat wire motor as described in any one of claims 1 - 10.

12. An automobile, characterized in that: It includes a motor, and the motor adopts the stator winding structure of the flat wire motor as described in any one of claims 1 - 10.

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