Heating device and method for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating device and method for a plurality of large iron molds and models with different cavities, and belongs to the field of machinery. The device comprises a movable trolley, a movable trolley track, a grabbing type manipulator mechanism and a fixed trolley heating furnace, the movable trolley is arranged on the movable trolley track, and the grabbing type manipulator mechanism grabs and moves an iron mold and a model from the movable trolley to a heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace; the grabbing type manipulator mechanism comprises a moving trolley, a moving track frame, a moving trolley track, a lifting movable beam, a hydraulic cylinder, a mechanical gripper, a guide rod and a stand column, the moving trolley moves on the moving trolley track, and the moving track frame is installed on the stand column; the moving trolley is provided with a hydraulic cylinder which ascends and descends synchronously, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a lifting movable beam, four guide rods are arranged on the upper portion of the lifting movable beam, and two mechanical grippers are arranged on the bottom face of the lifting movable beam. The system is reliable in operation, convenient to install, low in maintenance cost, high in automation degree and smooth in technological process, and meets the use requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a heating device and a method thereof, and particularly to a heating device and a method for multiple large iron molds and patterns with different cavities, belonging to the field of machinery. Background Art

[0002] Iron mold casting with sand coating belongs to the category of special casting. Its casting production has advantages such as being green, high-quality, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and low-cost, and is mainly applied to the casting production of large quantities of medium and small castings, such as automobile castings produced in large quantities.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of the equipment manufacturing industry, higher requirements have been put forward for the quality of castings of some large equipment. The productivity requirements for such castings (such as main shaft castings and planet carrier castings in wind power castings, etc.) are not high, and they are large castings (the weight of the castings is above 10 tons, and the maximum size is 3 - 6 meters). The molds used for casting production often need to be composed of multiple molds. Each iron mold and pattern is large in size, and the weight is often 10 - 30 tons, and some even reach 40 - 50 tons. For the formation of the sand coating layer in the inner cavity of the large iron mold casting with sand coating, due to the thin thickness of the sand coating layer (generally 10 - 20 mm), hot-curing resin-coated sand is still used. The iron mold and the pattern need to be heated to about 150 - 200 °C. For iron molds and patterns with such large sizes and weights, it is not suitable to adopt the built-in electric heating tube heating method for iron molds and patterns in ordinary iron mold casting with sand coating production.

[0004] Therefore, developing a heating device suitable for multiple iron molds and patterns with different cavities has become one of the keys to realizing sand molding of large iron molds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to provide a heating device and a method for multiple large iron molds and patterns with different cavities, which have reasonable structural design, reliable operation, convenient installation, low maintenance cost, high automation degree, and smooth technological process.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: An external heating furnace is used to heat the combined iron mold and the model in the form of thermal radiation and thermal convection, that is: The heating device for multiple large iron molds with different cavities and the model includes a moving trolley for carrying the combined iron mold and the model and a moving trolley track. The moving trolley is arranged on the moving trolley track, and is characterized in that: It further includes a grasping manipulator mechanism and a fixed trolley heating furnace. The grasping manipulator mechanism grabs and moves the iron mold and the model from the moving trolley to the heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace; The grasping manipulator mechanism includes a moving trolley, a moving track frame, a moving trolley track, a lifting moving beam, two hydraulic cylinders, two mechanical grippers, four guide rods and several columns. The moving trolley can move back and forth on the moving trolley track on the moving track frame, and the moving track frame is fixed on several columns; Two synchronously lifting hydraulic cylinders are installed on the moving trolley, and the piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting moving beam, and the lifting moving beam can rise and fall with the lifting of the hydraulic cylinder; Four guide rods are installed on the upper part of the lifting moving beam, and two mechanical grippers are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the lifting moving beam; The fixed trolley heating furnace includes a heating trolley, a trolley moving track, a heating furnace body and a lifting furnace door. The heating trolley is arranged on the trolley moving track, and a heating furnace body is arranged on one side of the heating trolley, and a lifting furnace door is arranged on the upper part of the heating furnace body.

[0007] Preferably, in the present invention, when the moving trolley track for carrying the iron mold and the model is arranged in parallel with the trolley moving track of the fixed trolley heating furnace for the iron mold and the model, the grasping walking direction and the moving track frame in the grasping manipulator mechanism are perpendicular to and intersect with the above two; When adopting an arrangement different from the above, other arrangement methods can also be adopted for the grasping mechanism walking direction and the walking track frame in the grasping mechanical device.

[0008] Preferably, in the present invention, the moving trolley includes a trolley body, a positioning and running mechanism, an upper hook, wheels and guide wheels. A positioning and running mechanism is arranged on the trolley body, and the positioning and running mechanism is installed on the working surface of the moving trolley. Multiple wheels and guide wheels are arranged at the lower part of the trolley body, and an upper hook is also arranged below the trolley body.

[0009] Preferably, in the present invention, the moving trolley is of a steel welded frame structure, and the moving track frame and the lifting moving beam are both steel structure welded parts.

[0010] Preferably, in the present invention, the positioning and running mechanism includes 4 thick positioning pins distributed in a cross shape.

[0011] Preferably, in the present invention, it further includes a model base, and long hole positioning pin holes distributed in a cross shape corresponding to the positioning pins distributed in a cross shape on the moving trolley are arranged on the model base.

[0012] Preferably, a grasping structure required for the mechanical gripper in the gripper manipulator mechanism is provided on the model base in the present invention.

[0013] Preferably, the present invention further includes a lower hook, and the upper hook on the mobile trolley is used in cooperation with the lower hook at the station of the gripper manipulator mechanism.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for a heating device of multiple large-sized iron molds and patterns with different cavities, which is characterized in that the specific steps are as follows: Power on and heat up a fixed trolley heating furnace to the temperature required for the iron molds and patterns. Multiple mobile trolleys carrying the iron molds and patterns are arranged in sequence on the mobile trolley track; The hydraulic cylinder in the grasping manipulator mechanism drives the mechanical gripper to descend to the lowest position; The first mobile trolley loaded with the iron molds and patterns automatically enters the working station of the grasping manipulator mechanism and stops. The iron mold and pattern heating trolley automatically drives out of the heating furnace body to the iron mold and pattern receiving position and stops. The hydraulic cylinder in the grasping manipulator mechanism rises, driving the mechanical gripper to rise. When the upper plane of the mechanical gripper contacts the lower plane of the grasping structure of the pattern base, the mechanical gripper continues to rise, driving the iron mold and pattern to rise together. The upper hook working surface and the lower hook working surface of the mobile trolley are completely fitted, restricting the mobile trolley to remain stationary on the mobile trolley track. The iron mold and pattern gradually rise and leave the plane of the mobile trolley. When the hydraulic cylinder in the grasping manipulator mechanism for the iron mold and pattern rises to the highest position, the lower plane of the pattern base will be 100 millimeters higher than the height of the positioning pin of the mobile trolley, and at this time, the height of the lower plane of the pattern base is more than 100 millimeters higher than the upper plane of the heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace; Then the mobile trolley in the grasping manipulator mechanism starts to move along the mobile track frame, driving the iron mold and pattern away from the working station of the grasping manipulator mechanism and stopping at the working station where the heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace receives the iron mold and pattern; The hydraulic cylinder in the grasping manipulator mechanism slowly descends, driving the mechanical gripper to start descending slowly, driving the iron mold and pattern to descend. After the lower plane of the pattern base drops to the upper plane of the heating trolley, the iron mold and pattern completely fall onto the heating trolley. The mechanical gripper continues to descend. After the upper plane of the mechanical gripper is completely separated from the lower plane of the grasping structure of the pattern base by 50 millimeters, the hydraulic cylinder stops descending; The heating trolley in the fixed trolley heating furnace loaded with the iron mold and pattern moves into the heating furnace body and stops completely when it enters the heating furnace body. The lifting furnace door descends to close the heating furnace body; The iron mold and pattern are heated by rising temperature in the fixed trolley heating furnace; When the iron mold and pattern reach the temperature range for sand covering and molding, open the lifting furnace door. The heating trolley moves out of the heating furnace body and stops at the working station where the heating trolley receives the iron mold and pattern. The hydraulic cylinder in the grasping manipulator mechanism for the iron mold and pattern rises, driving the mechanical gripper to rise. After the upper plane of the mechanical gripper contacts the lower plane of the grasping structure of the pattern base, the mechanical gripper continues to rise to the highest position, driving the iron mold and pattern to rise together. The iron mold and pattern are completely separated from the plane of the heating trolley; Then the mobile trolley in the grasping manipulator mechanism for the iron mold and pattern starts to move along the mobile track frame, moving from the working station where the heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace receives the iron mold and pattern to the working station of the grasping manipulator mechanism for the iron mold and pattern carrying the mobile trolley and stops;In the iron mold and mold gripping manipulator mechanism, the hydraulic cylinder and the mechanical gripper start to descend, driving the iron mold and the mold to descend. The positioning pins on the moving trolley plane are reinserted into the corresponding long-hole positioning holes on the mold base. When the lower plane of the mold base contacts the moving trolley plane, the iron mold and the mold completely fall onto the moving trolley; the hydraulic cylinder and the mechanical gripper continue to descend, and the upper plane of the mechanical gripper is completely separated from the lower plane of the gripping structure of the mold base; the moving trolley carrying the heated iron mold and mold automatically and completely drives away from the iron mold and mold gripping manipulator mechanism station, completing the heating operation of this iron mold and mold; cycling in sequence, the heating operations of multiple iron molds and molds are completed.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) The overall structure is reasonably designed, safe and reliable. Through the device of the present application, the heating operations of multiple large iron molds with different cavities and the corresponding molds can be completed; (2) This device conducts the heating operations of multiple groups of large iron molds and molds. The process flow is smooth, and the mechanized and automated heating operations of the iron mold and the mold can be realized throughout the process. It is easy to realize the heating operations of multiple different iron molds and molds, and the heating temperature range of the iron mold and the mold can be freely adjusted according to requirements. After heating, the temperatures of the iron mold and the mold are uniformly consistent, which is beneficial to improving the sand shooting and sand covering quality of the iron mold; (3) Multiple moving trolleys are used to load different iron molds and molds, and they enter the heating device of the present invention in sequence, and the heating of multiple groups of iron molds and molds with different cavities can be completed, with no limit on the number of iron molds and the number of molds; (4) The investment cost of this external multi-piece different large iron mold / mold heating device is low, the equipment is easy to install, runs reliably, and has low maintenance costs; (5) Integrated with the iron mold sand covering molding device and other supporting devices, a large iron mold sand covering casting line can be formed to realize the mechanized production of sand covered castings for multiple large iron molds with different cavities, thereby realizing the batch production of large castings by iron mold sand covering casting. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the heating device for multiple large iron molds with different cavities and molds in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the fixed trolley heating furnace in the large iron mold and mold heating device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the fixed trolley heating furnace in the large iron mold and mold heating device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the gripping manipulator mechanism in the large iron mold and mold heating device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the grasping manipulator mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the grasping manipulator mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grasping manipulator mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the mobile trolley in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the mobile trolley in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the mobile trolley in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mobile trolley in the large iron mold and model heating device of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the iron mold and model of the large iron mold and model heating device for multiple different cavity types in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the initial state during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the first trolley carrying the mated iron mold and model entering the iron mold and model grasping station during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 15 It is Figure 14 the structural schematic diagram in the direction of A in

[0031] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the grasping manipulator mechanism grasping the iron mold and model away from the carrying trolley during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the grasping and moving device moving the iron mold and model above the heating furnace heating trolley during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 18It is a schematic diagram of the grabbing and moving device placing the large iron mold and the model on the heating trolley of the heating furnace during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the heating trolley driving into the inner furnace door of the heating furnace and the furnace door descending and closing to start heating the iron mold and the model during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 20 It is a schematic diagram of the grabbing device grabbing the heated iron mold and the model above the carrying and moving trolley during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the grabbing device placing the heated iron mold and the model on the carrying and moving trolley during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 22 It is a schematic diagram of the carrying trolley carrying the heated iron mold and the model driving out of the iron mold / model grabbing station during the heating process of multiple different large iron molds and models in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of a large spindle casting Figure 1 。

[0039] Figure 24 It is a schematic diagram of a large spindle casting Figure 2 。

[0040] Figure 25 It is a schematic diagram after the iron mold for casting a large wind power spindle is closed.

[0041] In the figure: iron mold T, model M, fixed trolley heating furnace 1, grabbing manipulator mechanism 2, moving trolley 3, moving trolley track 4, model base 5, base clamping plate 6, grabbing plate 7, track crossbeam 8; Fixed trolley heating furnace 1: heating trolley 11, trolley moving track 12, heating furnace body 13, lifting furnace door 14; Grabbing manipulator mechanism 2: moving trolley 21, moving track frame 22, moving trolley track 23, column 24, lifting moving beam 25, hydraulic cylinder 26, guide rod 27, mechanical gripper 28, lower hook 29, crossbeam 30; Moving trolley 3: trolley body 31, positioning and running mechanism 32, positioning pin 321, upper hook 33, wheel 34, guide wheel 35. Specific embodiments

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment

[0044] Refer to Figures 1 to 25 , this embodiment of the heating device for multiple large iron molds with different cavities and models includes a fixed trolley heating furnace 1, a grasping manipulator mechanism 2, a moving trolley 3, a moving trolley track 4, a heating iron mold T and model receiving station, a station for the iron mold T and model grasping manipulator mechanism 2, etc. The moving trolley 3 is arranged on the moving trolley track 4, and the moving trolley track 4 and the track cross beam 8 together constitute the structural framework of the track system.

[0045] In this embodiment, the temperature rise and heating operation of the iron mold T and the model is completed in the fixed trolley heating furnace; the moving transportation of multiple iron molds T and models is carried out by the moving trolley 3, and a set of the iron mold T and the model after mold closing is placed on each moving trolley 3; a grasping manipulator mechanism 2 is used to grasp and move the iron mold T and the model from the moving trolley 3 to the heating trolley 11 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, when the moving trolley track 4 carrying the iron mold T and the model is arranged in parallel with the trolley moving track 12 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 for the iron mold T and the model, the grasping walking direction and the moving track frame 22 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 are perpendicular to and intersect with the above two; when using an arrangement different from the above, other arrangement methods can also be adopted for the walking direction of the grasping mechanism and the walking track frame in the grasping mechanical device.

[0047] As Figures 4 - 7 shown, in this embodiment, the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 includes a moving trolley 21, a moving track frame 22, a moving trolley track 23, a lifting moving beam 25, two hydraulic cylinders 26, two mechanical grippers 28, four guide rods 27 and several columns 24.

[0048] In this embodiment, the moving trolley 21 is a steel welded frame structure and can move back and forth on the moving track frame 22; two synchronously lifting hydraulic cylinders 26 are fixedly installed on the moving trolley 21, and the piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to the lifting moving beam 25. The lifting moving beam 25 can rise and fall with the rise and fall of the hydraulic cylinder 26 and is used to grasp or put down the iron mold T and the model after mold closing.

[0049] In this embodiment, the moving track frame 22 is a steel structure welded part, and the moving track frame 22 is fixedly installed on several columns 24 to form an integral component, which is used to bear the weight of all mechanical mechanisms above it in this mechanical grasping device, as well as the iron mold T and the model, etc.

[0050] In this embodiment, the moving trolley track 23 and the cross beam 30 are connected to each other to form a moving track frame 22, ensuring the safety and reliability of the track system.

[0051] In this embodiment, the lifting moving beam 25 is a steel structure welded part, and the lifting moving beam 25 is fixedly connected to the piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 26 together.

[0052] In this embodiment, four guide rods 27 are also fixedly installed on the upper part of the lifting moving beam 25, which play a role in smooth guiding when the lifting moving beam 25 moves up and down.

[0053] In this embodiment, two mechanical grippers 28 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the lifting moving beam 25, which are used to grab or put down the iron mold T and the model after mold clamping.

[0054] See Figures 2 - 3 , in this embodiment, the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 includes a heating trolley 11, a trolley moving track 12, a heating furnace body 13 and a lifting furnace door 14. The heating trolley 11 is arranged on the trolley moving track 12, a heating furnace body 13 is arranged on one side of the heating trolley 11, and a lifting furnace door 14 is arranged on the upper part of the heating furnace body 13.

[0055] The heating working principle and process of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 in this embodiment are as follows: place the iron mold T and the model to be heated on the heating trolley 11, then the heating trolley 11 drives into the heating furnace, and lower the lifting furnace door 13 in place, that is, close the furnace door, so that the iron mold T and the model to be heated are in the enclosed space of the heating furnace; turn on the power supply, and the electric heating element immediately starts to heat up. The generated heat can raise the temperature in the furnace to the temperature range required for the iron mold T and the model. The heat generated in the furnace heats up the iron mold T and the model in the heating furnace by means of radiation, convection, etc., until the body temperature of the iron mold T and the model is heated to the required temperature range.

[0056] As Figures 8 - 11 shown, in this embodiment, the moving trolley 3 includes a trolley body 31, a positioning and running mechanism 32, an upper hook 33, wheels 34 and guide wheels 35. A positioning and running mechanism 32 is arranged on the trolley body 31. The positioning and running mechanism 32 is installed on the working surface of the moving trolley 3, and a plurality of wheels 34 and guide wheels 35 are arranged on the lower part of the trolley body 31.

[0057] In this embodiment, the positioning and running mechanism 32 is composed of four thick positioning pins arranged in a cross on the working surface of the trolley body 31. When the iron mold T and the model are placed on the working surface of the moving trolley 3, the positioning and running mechanism 32 plays a role in positioning between the iron mold T and the model and the moving trolley 3. At the same time, when the moving trolley 3 moves automatically, it drives the iron mold T and the model to move together with the moving trolley 3.

[0058] In this embodiment, an upper hook 33 is further provided under the trolley body 31 of the mobile trolley 3, which is used in conjunction with the lower hook 29 at the station of the iron mold T and the model grasping manipulator mechanism 2. When the mechanical gripper 28 in the mobile grasping manipulator mechanism 2 grabs the iron mold T and the model from the mobile trolley 3, the mobile trolley 3 is fixed on the mobile trolley track 4.

[0059] In this embodiment, the wheels 34 in the mobile trolley 3 adopt a self-powered wheel system.

[0060] To meet the production and operation requirements of the heating device in this embodiment, the structural schematic diagrams of the iron mold T and the model used in production are as Figure 12 shown. On the model base 5, there are long hole positioning pin holes distributed in a cross shape corresponding to the positioning pins 321 distributed in a cross shape on the mobile trolley 3. At the same time, a grasping structure required for the mechanical gripper 28 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 is also provided on the model base 5.

[0061] In this embodiment, an iron mold T and model grasping plate 7 and a base clamping plate 6 are respectively arranged above and below the model base 5.

[0062] In this embodiment, multiple mobile trolleys 3 are used to load different mated iron molds T and models. The mechanical gripper 28 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 grabs the iron mold T and the model and transports them to the fixed trolley heating furnace 1. In the furnace, the iron mold T and the model are heated to the temperature required for sand shooting and sand covering molding through heat exchange methods such as radiation and convection. Then, the iron mold T and the model are grabbed from the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 and placed on the mobile trolley 3 to complete the heating operation of the iron mold T and the model that need to be sand covered and molded.

[0063] As Figures 13 - 22As shown in the figure, the heating operation process of the heating device for multiple large iron molds T with different cavities and models in this embodiment is as follows: The fixed trolley heating furnace 1 is powered on and heated to the temperature required for the iron mold T and the model. Multiple mobile trolleys 3 carrying the iron mold T and the model are arranged in sequence on the mobile trolley track 4; the hydraulic cylinder 26 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 drives the mechanical gripper 28 to descend to the lowest position; the first mobile trolley 3 loaded with the iron mold T and the model automatically enters the station of the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 and stops. The heating trolley 11 for the iron mold T and the model automatically drives out of the furnace body 13 of the heating furnace to the receiving position of the iron mold T and the model and stops. The hydraulic cylinder 26 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 rises, driving the mechanical gripper 28 to rise. When the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 contacts the lower plane of the grasping structure of the model base 5, the mechanical gripper 28 continues to rise, driving the iron mold T and the model to rise together. The anti-rising mechanism at the lower part of the mobile trolley 3 (the working surfaces of the upper hook 33 and the lower hook 29 of the mobile trolley 3 are completely fitted) restricts the mobile trolley 3 to remain stationary on the mobile trolley track 4. The iron mold T and the model gradually rise and leave the plane of the mobile trolley 3. When the hydraulic cylinder 26 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 for the iron mold T and the model rises to the highest position, the lower plane of the model base 5 will be 100 mm higher than the height of the positioning pin 321 of the mobile trolley 3. At this time, the lower plane of the model base 5 is more than 100 mm higher than the upper plane of the heating trolley 11 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1; then the mobile cart 21 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 starts to move in the mobile track frame 22, driving the iron mold T and the model to leave the station of the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 and stop at the station where the heating trolley 11 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 receives the iron mold T and the model; the hydraulic cylinder 26 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 slowly descends, driving the mechanical gripper 28 to start descending slowly, driving the iron mold T and the model to descend. After the lower plane of the base of the model drops to the upper plane of the heating trolley 11, the iron mold T and the model completely fall onto the heating trolley 11. The mechanical gripper 28 continues to descend. After the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 is completely separated from the lower plane of the grasping structure of the model base 5 by 50 mm, the hydraulic cylinder 26 stops descending; the heating trolley 11 in the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 loaded with the iron mold T and the model moves into the heating furnace body 13 and stops completely. The lifting furnace door 14 descends to close the heating furnace body 13; the iron mold T and the model are heated in the fixed trolley heating furnace 1; when the iron mold T and the model reach the temperature range for sand covering and molding, the lifting furnace door 14 is opened, the heating trolley 11 moves out of the heating furnace body 13 to the station where the heating trolley 11 receives the iron mold T and the model and stops. The hydraulic cylinder 26 in the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 for the iron mold T and the model rises, driving the mechanical gripper 28 to rise. When the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 contacts the lower plane of the grasping structure of the model base 5, the mechanical gripper 28 continues to rise to the highest position, driving the iron mold T and the model to rise together, and the iron mold T and the model are completely separated from the plane of the heating trolley 11;Then, the iron mold T and the mobile trolley 21 in the mold gripping manipulator mechanism 2 start to move along the moving track frame 22, and move from the heating trolley 11 in the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 that holds the iron mold T and the mold to the station of the iron mold T and mold gripping manipulator mechanism 2 that holds the moving trolley 3 and stop; the hydraulic cylinder 26 and the mechanical gripper 28 in the iron mold T and mold gripping manipulator mechanism 2 start to descend, driving the iron mold T and the mold to descend, and the positioning pins 321 on the plane of the moving trolley 3 are reinserted into the corresponding long hole positioning holes on the mold base 5. When the lower plane of the mold base 5 contacts the plane of the moving trolley 3, the iron mold T and the mold completely fall onto the moving trolley 3; the hydraulic cylinder 26 and the mechanical gripper 28 continue to descend, and the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 is completely separated from the lower plane of the gripping structure of the mold base 5; the moving trolley 3 carrying the heated iron mold T and the mold automatically and completely drives away from the station of the iron mold T and mold gripping manipulator mechanism 2, completing the heating operation of this iron mold T and the mold; and so on in a cycle to complete the heating operations of multiple iron molds T and molds.

[0064] When using iron mold with coated sand to cast large castings, due to factors such as the structure, size, pattern drawing requirements, and other casting process requirements of the castings, more than two large iron molds are often required to be assembled together to form the iron mold with coated sand required for the large casting. For example, for a wind power spindle casting (as Figures 23 - 24 shown), the iron mold with coated sand that forms its outer contour uses multiple iron molds of different shapes and sizes (generally 4 along the axial length direction of the main wind power spindle (the height of each iron mold is about 1 meter), among which multiple are straight-through type wind power spindle outer circle casting molds, and 1 is a connecting flange through-type casting mold).

[0065] As Figure 25 shown, the iron mold with coated sand for the wind power spindle is formed by covering a layer of coated sand on the inner cavity of each large iron mold, and then stacking the corresponding coated sand casting molds of the outer circle cavities of the wind power spindle together in sequence to form a complete iron mold with coated sand for the outer circle contour cavity of the wind power spindle. Since the coated sand layer of the iron mold with coated sand is relatively thin and the shape of some casting mold cavities is relatively complex, in this embodiment, the molding sand for the large iron mold with coated sand still uses thermosetting phenolic resin coated sand with good fluidity. In this way, during the process of coating sand and molding the iron mold, the iron mold and the mold need to be heated to a certain temperature (generally in the range of 150 - 200 °C) to meet the temperature requirements for the curing of phenolic resin.

[0066] The principle of the heating device for multiple different large iron molds and patterns in this embodiment is as follows: The weight of large cast iron castings is generally between 10 and 30 tons. The length of the external dimensions of the castings is between 4 and 6 meters, the width dimension is between 2 and 4 meters, and the height dimension is between 2 and 4 meters. The materials of the castings include ductile iron, gray iron, etc. Due to reasons such as structure, size, and casting process, it is often very difficult to form the mold required for casting production with only two iron molds. For example, for the castings of wind power generator spindles, in its product dimensions: the length is generally between 4 and 6 meters, the diameter of the connecting flange is between 2.8 and 3.5 meters, and the outer diameter of the spindle journal is between 1.5 and 2.0 meters, belonging to large ductile iron castings. The maximum projected diameter of these large iron molds is about 5 to 6 meters, the height is about 1 meter, the weight of each iron mold is also between ten tons and dozens of tons, and the weight of the pattern is also more than ten tons. When producing these castings by iron mold casting with sand coating, due to reasons such as the product structure, size, and casting process of its mold, 4 to 5 iron molds are used, and in a large pit, a crane is used to assemble each iron mold together in sequence. Finally, a complete mold is formed (as shown in Figure 25 ). In the iron mold casting production with sand coating for mass production, since the size and weight of the pattern are relatively small, the pattern is generally heated directly by installing electric heating elements inside the pattern plate and conducting heat to heat the pattern; while for the iron mold, the waste heat generated after pouring the molten iron during casting production is generally used to heat up the iron mold that needs to be coated with sand for molding, and for the iron mold that is coated with sand for molding for the first time, it is heated by natural gas or electric heating. For large iron molds, the weight of the iron mold and the pattern is generally more than a dozen tons or even heavier. In the actual production of such large castings, there are often multiple iron molds with different cavities that need to be coated with sand for molding operations. At the same time, there is no high-efficiency requirement for the production efficiency of the mold and castings of such casting products as in mass production of castings; such heavy castings are generally not suitable for stress relief annealing treatment. In order to reduce the stress generated during the solidification and cooling of the molten iron, the molten iron needs a relatively long solidification and cooling time in the mold, often requiring more than a dozen to dozens of hours. The temperature of the iron mold often changes from low to high and then to low under such production conditions. Often before coating the sand for molding, the temperature of the iron mold has dropped below the temperature required for coating the sand for molding. When coating the sand for molding the iron mold of such castings, the iron mold also needs to be heated. Therefore, for the heating forms of the iron molds and patterns of such large castings, new rules need to be formulated to meet the heating requirements for the temperature rise of such iron molds and patterns.

[0067] The heating principle of the iron mold and the pattern in this embodiment is to heat the iron mold and the pattern together after they are clamped. The external heat type electrothermal radiation heating method is adopted to heat up both of them, that is: the clamped iron mold and the pattern are placed in the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 through the grasping manipulator mechanism 2 for heating, so that the temperatures of the iron mold and the pattern after heating can be basically the same; the heated iron mold and the pattern are placed on the moving trolley 3 through the grasping manipulator mechanism 2, and then the iron mold and the pattern are transferred to the sand covering molding device for sand covering molding.

[0068] Through the above description, those skilled in the art can already implement it.

[0069] In addition, it should be noted that for the specific embodiments described in this specification, the shapes and names of their parts and components can be different. The above content described in this specification is only an example of the structure of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or simple changes made according to the structure, features and principles described in the inventive concept of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications, supplements or use similar methods to replace the specific embodiments described, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by this claim book, they should all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating device for a plurality of large iron molds and models with different cavities, comprising a moving trolley (3) for carrying the iron molds and models after mold closing and a moving trolley track (4), wherein the moving trolley (3) is arranged on the moving trolley track (4), and is characterized in that: It also includes a grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) and a fixed trolley heating furnace (1), wherein the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) grabs and moves the iron mold and the model from the moving trolley (3) to the heating trolley (11) of the fixed trolley heating furnace (1); the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) includes a moving trolley (21), a moving track frame (22), a moving trolley track (23), a lifting beam (25), two hydraulic cylinders (26), two mechanical grippers (28), four guide rods (27) and a plurality of columns (24); the moving trolley (21) can move back and forth on the moving trolley track (23) on the moving track frame (22), and the moving track frame (22) is fixed on the plurality of columns (24); Two hydraulic cylinders (26) are installed for synchronous lifting, and the piston rod heads of the hydraulic cylinders (26) are connected to the lifting beam (25). The lifting beam (25) can be lifted and lowered along with the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic cylinders (26); four guide rods (27) are installed on the upper part of the lifting beam (25), and two mechanical grippers (28) are fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting beam (25); the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) comprises a heating trolley (11), a trolley moving track (12), a heating furnace body (13) and a lifting furnace door (14); the heating trolley (11) is arranged on the trolley moving track (12), a heating furnace body (13) is arranged on one side of the heating trolley (11), and a lifting furnace door (14) is arranged at the heating trolley entrance of the heating furnace body (13).

2. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating method adopts an external heating furnace to heat the iron mold and the model that are combined together by heat radiation and heat convection.

3. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the movable trolley track (4) carrying the iron mold and the model is arranged in parallel with the trolley movable track (12) of the iron mold and the model fixed trolley heating furnace (1), the grasping walking direction and the movable track frame (22) of the grasping manipulator mechanism (2) intersect the above two perpendicularly.

4. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile trolley (3) comprises a trolley body (31), a positioning and operating mechanism (32), an upper hook (33), wheels (34) and guide wheels (35). The trolley body (31) is provided with a positioning and operating mechanism (32), and the positioning and operating mechanism (32) is installed on the working surface of the mobile trolley. A plurality of wheels (34) and guide wheels (35) are provided at the lower part of the trolley body (31), and an upper hook (33) is also provided below the trolley body (31).

5. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable trolley (21) is a steel welded frame structure, and the movable track frame (22) and the lifting beam (25) are both made of steel structure welded parts.

6. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning and operating mechanism (32) comprises four thick positioning pins (321) distributed in a cross shape.

7. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a model base (5), on which is provided long hole positioning pin holes arranged in a cross pattern corresponding to the positioning pins (321) arranged in a cross pattern on the mobile trolley (3).

8. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 7, characterized in that: The model base (5) is provided with a gripping structure required by a mechanical gripper (28) in a gripping mechanical arm mechanism (2).

9. The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a lower pull hook (29), and an upper pull hook (33) in the mobile trolley (3) is used in conjunction with the lower pull hook (29) of the workstation of the grabbing type manipulator mechanism (2).

10. A method for heating a plurality of large iron molds and models with different cavities, using the heating device for heating a plurality of large iron molds and models with different cavities as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: The fixed trolley heating furnace (1) is powered on and heated to the temperature required for the iron mold and the model. A plurality of mobile trolleys (3) carrying the iron mold and the model are arranged in sequence on the mobile trolley track (4); the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) drives the mechanical gripper (28) to descend to the lowest position; the first mobile trolley (3) loaded with the iron mold and the model automatically enters the workstation of the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) and stops, the iron mold and model heating trolley (11) automatically drives out of the heating furnace body (13) to the iron mold and model receiving position and stops, and the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) rises, driving the mechanical gripper (28) to move upward. ) rises, and when the upper plane of the mechanical gripper (28) contacts the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base (5), the mechanical gripper (28) continues to rise, driving the iron mold and the model to rise together, and the working surface of the upper hook (33) of the mobile trolley (3) is completely in contact with the working surface of the lower hook (29), restricting the mobile trolley (3) on the mobile trolley track (4) to remain motionless, and the iron mold and the model gradually rise and leave the plane of the mobile trolley (3). When the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the iron mold and model gripping mechanical arm mechanism (2) rises to the highest point, the lower plane of the model base (5) will be higher than the positioning pin (321) of the mobile trolley (3) by 10 0 mm, and at this time, the height of the lower plane of the model base (5) is higher than the height of the upper plane of the heating trolley (11) of the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) by more than 100 mm; then the moving trolley (21) in the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) starts to move in the moving track frame (22), driving the iron mold and the model to leave the workstation of the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) to the heating trolley (11) of the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) and then stop; the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) slowly descends, driving the mechanical gripper (28) to start to slowly descend, driving the iron mold and the model to descend, and the model base (5 ) After the lower plane of the heating trolley (11) drops to the upper plane of the heating trolley (11), the iron mold and the model completely fall onto the heating trolley (11), and the mechanical gripper (28) continues to descend. After the upper plane of the mechanical gripper (28) and the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base (5) are completely separated by 50 mm, the hydraulic cylinder (26) stops descending; the heating trolley (11) loaded with the iron mold and the model moves toward the heating furnace body (13) and completely enters the heating furnace body (13) and stops, and the lifting furnace door (14) descends to close the heating furnace body (13); the iron mold and the model are heated in the fixed trolley heating furnace (1);When the iron mold and the model reach the sand-coating molding temperature range, the lifting furnace door (14) is opened, the heating trolley (11) moves out of the heating furnace body (13) to the heating trolley (11) receiving the iron mold and the model and then stops, the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the iron mold and the model grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) rises to drive the mechanical gripper (28) to rise, and after the upper plane of the mechanical gripper (28) contacts the lower plane of the grabbing structure of the model base (5), the mechanical gripper (28) continues to rise to the highest point, driving the iron mold and the model to rise together, and the iron mold and the model are completely separated from the plane of the heating trolley (11); then the moving trolley (21) in the iron mold and the model grabbing manipulator mechanism (2) starts to move in the moving track frame (22), and moves from the iron mold and the model receiving position of the heating trolley (11) in the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) to the carrying moving trolley (3) The iron mold and model grabbing type manipulator mechanism (2) stops; the hydraulic cylinder (26) and the mechanical gripper (28) in the iron mold and model grabbing type manipulator mechanism (2) begin to descend, driving the iron mold and model to descend, and the positioning pins (321) on the plane of the mobile trolley (3) are reinserted into the corresponding long hole positioning holes on the model base (5). When the lower plane of the model base (5) contacts the plane of the mobile trolley (3), the iron mold and model completely fall onto the mobile trolley (3); the hydraulic cylinder (26) and the mechanical gripper (28) continue to descend, and the upper plane of the mechanical gripper (28) and the lower plane of the grabbing structure of the model base (5) are completely separated; the mobile trolley (3) carrying the heated iron mold and model automatically and completely drives away from the iron mold and model grabbing type manipulator mechanism (2) station, completing the heating operation of the iron mold and model; the cycle is repeated in sequence to complete the heating operation of multiple iron molds and models. ;

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