A method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots, relating to the field of titanium alloy technology. Based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, the proportions of each alloying element in the ingot are determined as follows: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%. By determining a reasonable proportion range for each alloying element, the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution within a limited melting time, suppressing elemental segregation and improving the compositional uniformity of the Ti60 titanium alloy. Furthermore, by first utilizing the high energy density and excellent refining capabilities of the electron beam cold hearth furnace, and then further adjusting the composition and structure through a vacuum consumable arc furnace, the compositional uniformity and purity of Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots are effectively improved, expanding the application of titanium alloy materials in petrochemical, aerospace, nuclear power generation, hydrogen storage, and military industries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of titanium alloy technology, and in particular to a method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots. Background Technology

[0002] Ti60 titanium alloy is a near-α-type high-temperature titanium alloy with multi-element composite strengthening based on the Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Nb-Ta-Si system. It incorporates high alloying, micro-alloying, and composite strengthening methods, simultaneously adding certain amounts of Ta, Nb, and Mo—three isomorphous, high-melting-point β-stabilizing elements—to the Ti-Al-Sn-Zr base. This expands the application of titanium alloy materials in petrochemical, aerospace, nuclear power generation, hydrogen storage, and military industries.

[0003] In existing technologies, Ti60 titanium alloys contain a variety of alloying elements, with a total content exceeding 16%, including aluminum, tin, zirconium, molybdenum, tantalum, silicon, niobium, and carbon. Due to the significant density differences among the various elements in the titanium alloy, different elements settle or float at different rates in liquid metal. Furthermore, the different volatility characteristics of the elements in the alloy mean that low-melting-point elements such as aluminum readily volatilize under the high-temperature melting environment, while high-melting-point elements such as molybdenum, tantalum, and niobium volatilize relatively less. The diffusion rates of different elements in liquid metal also vary. These factors make it difficult for the various elements in Ti60 titanium alloys to achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution within a limited melting time, resulting in elemental segregation in the Ti60 titanium alloy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots, which solves the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution of various elements in Ti60 titanium alloy within a limited melting time, resulting in elemental segregation in Ti60 titanium alloy.

[0005] This invention provides a method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The proportions of each alloying element were determined based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, and the types of alloy raw materials were also determined. The target composition range is: Al: 5.2-6.5%; Sn: 3.0-4.5%; Zr: 2.5-4.0%; Mo: 0.2-1.0%; Si: 0.2-0.6%; Nb: 0.2-0.7%; Ta: 0.7-1.5%; C: 0.04-0.08%. Based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, the proportions of the alloying elements were determined to be: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%.

[0007] Weigh the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material, and mix the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material evenly to form the raw material to be melted;

[0008] The raw materials to be melted are smelted in an electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot;

[0009] Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots are prepared by melting the primary ingots in a vacuum consumable arc furnace.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the step of determining the type of alloy raw material, comprising:

[0011] The types of alloy raw materials are determined to be sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloys, aluminum-tantalum master alloys, aluminum-silicon master alloys, carbon powder, titanium-tin master alloys, and aluminum-niobium master alloys.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the step of uniformly mixing the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material to form a raw material to be melted, comprising:

[0013] The sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-niobium master alloy, and carbon powder are mixed evenly by an automatic mixing machine to form a first raw material to be pressed. The first raw material to be pressed is then pressed by a hydraulic press to prepare a block raw material. The block raw material is then evenly arranged in the feed trough of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the step of melting the raw material to be melted in an electron beam cold hearth furnace, comprising:

[0015] The dimensions of the lumpy raw material are determined according to the specifications of the feed trough so that the lumpy raw material is compatible with the loading space of the feed trough; the lumpy raw material is placed in the loading space, and the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is used to melt the raw material located in the loading space to prepare a primary ingot.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the step of melting the raw material to be melted in the charging space using an electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace, comprising:

[0017] The electron gun includes a first electron gun group, a second electron gun group, and a third electron gun group; the first electron gun group is used to melt the raw material to be melted into titanium liquid; the second electron gun group is used to refine the titanium liquid; the titanium liquid enters the crystallizer of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form a molten pool, and the third electron gun group is used to heat the surface of the molten pool.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots is provided, wherein the melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 1800-3150 kW, the melting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 60-70%, the melting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 10-15%, and the melting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20-25%.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots is provided. The first electron gun group includes four first electron guns. The scanning pattern of the first electron guns is in the form of a broken line. The scanning patterns of the four first electron guns are symmetrically arranged about the cooling bed of the electron beam cooling furnace.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is provided, wherein the third electron gun group includes a second electron gun and a third electron gun; the scanning pattern of the second electron gun is circular, and the circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer; the scanning pattern of the third electron gun is annular, and the annular shape is located between the circle and the edge of the crystallizer.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the step of uniformly mixing the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material to form a raw material to be melted, comprising:

[0022] The sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy are uniformly mixed using an automatic mixing machine to form a second raw material to be pressed. The carbon powder is prepared into a carbon powder package, and the carbon powder package is mixed uniformly with the second raw material to be pressed to form a third raw material to be pressed. The third raw material to be pressed is pressed using a hydraulic press to prepare a block raw material. The block raw material is uniformly arranged in the feed trough of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes a step of melting the primary ingot using a vacuum arc remelting furnace, comprising:

[0024] The primary ingot is smelted in a vacuum consumable electric arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm-720mm, with a smelting current of 25-29KA and a smelting voltage of 30-35V.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots provided in this invention determines the alloy element ratio range in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot according to the target composition range: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%, Zr: 2.7-3.8%, Mo: 0.3-0.9%, Si: 0.3-0.5%, Nb: 0.3-0.6%, Ta: 0.8-1.4%, C: 0.05-0.07%. The raw materials conforming to the above alloy element ratio ranges are weighed, mixed uniformly, and smelted to prepare the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. By determining a reasonable alloy element ratio range, the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution within a limited smelting time, suppressing elemental segregation and improving the compositional uniformity of the Ti60 titanium alloy. Furthermore, this invention employs a smelting method combining an electron beam cold hearth furnace and a vacuum consumable arc furnace. First, the high energy density and excellent refining capabilities of the electron beam cold hearth furnace are utilized to initially homogenize the alloy elements and effectively remove some impurities. Then, the composition and structure are further adjusted using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, which effectively improves the compositional uniformity and purity of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of the method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the scanning areas of the first electron gun group, the second electron gun group, and the third electron gun group provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 One of the schematic diagrams of the block raw material provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A second schematic diagram of the block raw material provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic press punch extruding a third raw material to be pressed in a mold cavity, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of two primary casting ingots being welded together, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] 1. Block raw material; 2. Carbon powder package; 3. Hydraulic press punch; 4. Mold cavity; 5. Primary ingot; 6. Circumferential weld; 7. Schematic diagram of the first electron gun group scan; 8. Schematic diagram of the second electron gun group scan; 9. Schematic diagram of the third electron gun group scan; 91. Second electron gun scan image; 92. Third electron gun scan image. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: Determine the proportions of each alloying element based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, and determine the types of alloy raw materials; the target composition range is Al: 5.2-6.5%; Sn: 3.0-4.5%; Zr: 2.5-4.0%; Mo: 0.2-1.0%; Si: 0.2-0.6%; Nb: 0.2-0.7%; Ta: 0.7-1.5%; C: 0.04-0.08%; the alloying element proportions are determined based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot as follows: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%;

[0037] S2: Weigh the sponge titanium and alloy raw materials, and mix the sponge titanium and alloy raw materials evenly to form the raw material to be melted;

[0038] S3: The raw material to be melted is smelted in an electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot;

[0039] S4: The primary ingot is melted in a vacuum arc furnace to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0040] The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots provided in this invention determines the alloy element ratio range in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot according to the target composition range: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%, Zr: 2.7-3.8%, Mo: 0.3-0.9%, Si: 0.3-0.5%, Nb: 0.3-0.6%, Ta: 0.8-1.4%, C: 0.05-0.07%. The raw materials conforming to the above alloy element ratio ranges are weighed, mixed uniformly, and smelted to prepare the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. By determining a reasonable alloy element ratio range, the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution within a limited smelting time, suppressing elemental segregation and improving the compositional uniformity of the Ti60 titanium alloy. Furthermore, this invention employs a smelting method combining an electron beam cold hearth furnace and a vacuum consumable arc furnace. First, the high energy density and excellent refining capabilities of the electron beam cold hearth furnace are utilized to initially homogenize the alloy elements and effectively remove some impurities. Then, the composition and structure are further adjusted using a vacuum consumable arc furnace, which effectively improves the compositional uniformity and purity of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots with a weight of 3000-6000 kg are prepared by melting the raw materials to be melted. It should be noted that determining the proportion range according to the target composition range ensures that the content of each alloying element in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot meets the target range requirements, and also improves the uniformity of alloying elements, thereby enhancing the material properties of the Ti60 titanium alloy.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the type of alloy raw material includes: determining that the type of alloy raw material is sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, carbon powder, titanium-tin master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of uniformly mixing sponge titanium and alloy raw materials to form a raw material to be melted includes:

[0044] Sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-niobium master alloy, and carbon powder are uniformly mixed using an automatic mixing machine to form the first raw material to be pressed. The first raw material to be pressed is then pressed using a hydraulic press to prepare block raw materials. The block raw materials are then evenly distributed in the feed trough of an electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted.

[0045] In existing technologies, the low amount of sponge titanium and high amount of master alloy in Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots result in insufficient strength of the consumable electrode during ingot production. This leads to the easy spillage or flaking of the master alloy during smelting, resulting in inclusions, segregation, or uneven melting of high-melting-point metals in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, severely affecting its metallurgical quality. This application addresses this issue by employing an electron beam cold hearth furnace to melt the raw materials, thus avoiding insufficient consumable electrode strength or the tendency for the master alloy to spill or flak during smelting, which could prevent normal melting or lead to inclusions, segregation, or uneven melting of high-melting-point metals.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the raw material to be melted using an electron beam cold hearth furnace includes:

[0047] The dimensions of the lumpy raw material are determined according to the specifications of the feed trough so that the lumpy raw material is compatible with the loading space of the feed trough; the lumpy raw material is placed in the loading space, and the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is used to melt the raw material located in the loading space to prepare a primary ingot.

[0048] An 8000-ton hydraulic press is used to press the uniformly mixed first batch of raw material to produce block-shaped raw materials. The number of block-shaped raw materials is determined according to the length of the feed chute. For example, when the length of the block-shaped raw material is 400mm and the width is 300mm, and the length of the feed chute is 4500mm and the width is 800mm, 80 block-shaped raw materials need to be produced. 40 block-shaped raw materials are placed in each feed chute on both sides of the cooling bed. Two rows of block-shaped raw materials are placed in each feed chute, with 20 block-shaped raw materials in each row. Alternatively, two layers of block-shaped raw materials can be arranged along the height direction to increase the feed rate, increase the size of the ingot, and improve production efficiency.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the raw material to be melted located in the charging space using the electron gun of an electron beam cold hearth furnace includes:

[0050] The electron gun includes a first electron gun group, a second electron gun group, and a third electron gun group; the first electron gun group is used to melt the raw material to be melted into titanium liquid; the second electron gun group is used to refine the titanium liquid; the titanium liquid enters the crystallizer of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form a molten pool; and the third electron gun group is used to heat the surface of the molten pool.

[0051] In embodiments of the present invention, the melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 1800-3150 kW, the melting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 60-70%, the melting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 10-15%, and the melting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20-25%. By rationally allocating the melting power of the first, second, and third electron gun groups, the melting rate, refining rate, and crystallization rate of the raw material to be melted are matched, ensuring the uniformity of the composition of various elements in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot and effectively reducing inclusions and segregation in the alloy.

[0052] The feed trough is placed into the feeding system of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace, and the left and right feed chambers and melting chamber are evacuated to a vacuum degree of ≤0.7Pa before melting begins. During the melting process, the vacuum degree of the melting chamber is ≤1.0Pa. After the raw material is bombarded by the electron beam and melted into titanium liquid, it flows into the crystallizer crucible for solidification through the melting cooling hearth and refining cooling hearth. Then, the ingot is pulled to the ingot pulling chamber by the ingot pulling system and cooled with the furnace before being taken out of the furnace to obtain a primary ingot with a diameter of 650mm.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the scanning areas of the first electron gun group, the second electron gun group, and the third electron gun group provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first electron gun group includes four first electron guns, the scanning pattern of the first electron guns is a polygonal line shape, and the scanning patterns of the four first electron guns are symmetrically arranged about the cooling bed of the electron beam cold hearth furnace.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, the third electron gun assembly includes a second electron gun and a third electron gun. The scanning pattern of the second electron gun is circular, and the circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer. The scanning pattern of the third electron gun is annular, and the annular shape is located between the circle and the edge of the crystallizer.

[0055] In the electron gun configuration of an electron beam cold hearth furnace, the third electron gun group is composed of the second and third electron guns. The scanning area of ​​the second electron gun is circular, and the center of this circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer. In this way, when the second electron gun heats the surface of the molten pool, it can transfer heat relatively evenly from the center of the crystallizer to the surrounding area, effectively heating the central region of the molten pool.

[0056] The scanning area of ​​the third electron gun is ring-shaped, located between the edge of the crystallizer and the scanning area of ​​the second electron gun, that is, surrounding the outer edge of the central region of the molten pool. This ring-shaped scanning area forms a clever combination with the circular scanning area of ​​the second electron gun.

[0057] In the actual process of heating the surface of the molten pool, the combination of annular and circular scanning areas can more comprehensively and evenly cover the entire surface of the molten pool compared to heating solely by circular scanning areas. This ensures that all parts of the molten pool surface receive appropriate and uniform heat supply, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of the molten pool surface temperature. This creates a good and stable thermal environment for the crystallization process of titanium alloys in the molten pool, which helps to ensure uniform crystallization speed and uniform and dense ingot microstructure.

[0058] Specifically, the electron beam cold hearth furnace has a total of seven electron guns, numbered 1 to 7. During the melting process, guns 1-4 are the first electron guns, used to melt the raw material (molten titanium) in the left and right feed troughs. Gun 5 is the second electron gun group, used to refine the molten titanium in the cold hearth. Gun 6 is the second electron gun, and gun 7 is the third electron gun. Guns 6 and 7 are used to heat the surface of the molten pool in the crystallizer so that the molten titanium in the pool can be continuously solidified.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of uniformly mixing sponge titanium and alloy raw materials to form a raw material to be melted includes:

[0060] Sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy are mixed evenly using an automatic mixing machine to form a second raw material to be pressed. Carbon powder is prepared into carbon powder packets, which are then mixed evenly with the second raw material to be pressed to form a third raw material to be pressed. The third raw material to be pressed is then pressed using a hydraulic press to prepare a block-shaped raw material. The block-shaped raw material is then evenly arranged in the feed trough of an electron beam cold hearth furnace to form a raw material to be melted.

[0061] It should be noted that since an increase in Fe content significantly reduces the creep performance of high-temperature titanium alloys, the Fe content must be strictly controlled to not exceed 0.25%. Specifically, aerospace-grade low-iron sponge titanium with a particle size of 3-12.7 mm and an Fe content of less than 0.015% should be used to ensure ingot quality.

[0062] Carbon powder typically has a small particle size and light weight, making it prone to agglomeration due to van der Waals forces when mixed with other alloy raw materials. During the smelting process, this agglomeration hinders the uniform dispersion of carbon powder in the liquid alloy. In titanium alloy smelting, the particle size and density of raw materials such as sponge titanium differ significantly from carbon powder. Simple mixing makes it difficult for carbon powder to adhere evenly or distribute uniformly on the surface of other raw material particles, resulting in carbon not being uniformly integrated into the alloy matrix during smelting, thus affecting the uniformity of the alloy composition. This application addresses this issue by fabricating carbon powder packets and uniformly distributing them within the second raw material to be pressed, thereby ensuring uniform integration of carbon powder into the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot and improving the compositional uniformity of the ingot.

[0063] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of two primary casting ingots butt-welding provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, after the step of melting the raw materials to be melted in an electron beam cold hearth furnace, the method further includes: performing circumferential welding on the butt joint of two primary ingots using an electron beam welding box; and melting the two butt-welded primary ingots using a crucible with a diameter of 650 mm to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. Since the weight of the primary ingot is doubled, the dimensions of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot are increased, improving production efficiency. The welding current is 1-3A, the welding voltage is 30KV, and the welding speed is 15-40mm / min. When using an electron beam welding box, due to the very high energy density of the electron beam, the electron beam can be focused to a very small diameter. This high energy density enables high-precision welding, resulting in a narrow weld with a large depth-to-width ratio, which helps improve production efficiency and can significantly shorten welding time. The circumferential weld width is 80-100 mm, and the depth is 30-50 mm. Because the other parts of the ingot are less affected by heat during the welding process, thermal deformation and thermal stress can be reduced, preventing cracks from forming in the circumferential weld after welding due to thermal stress.

[0064] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the block raw material provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the blocky raw material provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the extrusion of a third raw material to be pressed within a mold cavity by a hydraulic press punch, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a single block of raw material has multiple toner packets. These toner packets are evenly distributed within the block of raw material. Specifically, half the weight of the third material to be pressed from the single block of raw material is first poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press. Then, the multiple toner packets are evenly arranged along the cross-section of the block of raw material. Finally, the remaining half the weight of the third material to be pressed from the single block of raw material is poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press. The third material to be pressed is then extruded by the punch of the hydraulic press, completing the preparation of the single block of raw material. The block of raw material can be cubic or cylindrical, depending on the production requirements.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the primary ingot using a vacuum consumable arc furnace includes:

[0066] The primary ingot is melted using a vacuum arc remelting furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm-720mm, at a melting current of 25-29kA and a melting voltage of 30-35V. When the primary ingot diameter is 580mm, it is melted using a vacuum arc remelting furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm. When the primary ingot diameter is 650mm, it is melted using a vacuum arc remelting furnace with a crucible diameter of 720mm. During the vacuum arc remelting process, AC stabilizing stirring is performed with a stabilizing current of 10-16A and a stirring time of 6-10s. This stabilizing stirring causes changes in the volume and shape of the molten pool, which is more conducive to the uniform distribution of elements. The convection and diffusion of liquid metal in the molten pool can be fully utilized, allowing various alloying elements such as Al, Sn, Zr, Mo, Si, Nb, Ta, and C to mix uniformly in the melt, reducing segregation and more effectively improving the microstructure uniformity of the ingot, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the ingot.

[0067] The first specific embodiment of the present invention is described below: The raw materials are shown in Table 1, totaling 72 block raw materials, each weighing 46.52 kg. Based on the alloy element ratio range in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%, the alloy element ratio is determined as follows: Al: 7.0%; Sn: 4.05%; Zr: 3.5%; Mo: 0.9%; Si: 0.4%; Nb: 0.4%; Ta: 1.0%; C: 0.06%.

[0068] Table 1

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] The sponge titanium and alloy raw materials are weighed by an automatic mixing machine, and then mixed evenly by a mixer. The mixing time of the mixer is 30-90 seconds.

[0072] Sponge titanium and alloy raw materials are pressed using an 8000-ton hydraulic press to produce block raw materials. The block raw materials are 400mm long and 300mm wide. 36 block raw materials are placed in each feed chute on both sides of the cooling bed. Two rows of block raw materials are placed in each feed chute, with 18 block raw materials in each row.

[0073] The electron beam cold hearth furnace has a total of seven electron guns, numbered 1-7. During the melting process, guns 1-4 are the first electron guns, used to melt the titanium liquid in the left and right feed troughs. Gun 5 is the second electron gun group, used to refine the titanium liquid in the cold hearth. Gun 6 is the second electron gun, and gun 7 is the third electron gun. Guns 6 and 7 are used to heat the surface of the molten pool in the crystallizer, so that the titanium liquid in the molten pool can be continuously solidified. The melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 3150 kW. The melting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 70%; the melting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 10%; and the melting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20%, producing a single ingot with a diameter of 650 mm.

[0074] Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots were prepared by melting a primary ingot in a crucible with a diameter of 720 mm, with a melting current of 25-29 kA and a melting voltage of 30-35 V.

[0075] The chemical composition of the ingot was sampled and tested, and the results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows that the deviations for Al, Mo, Si, Sn, Zr, Nb, Ta, and C elements are ≤0.20%, ≤0.05%, ≤0.01%, ≤0.20%, ≤0.20%, ≤0.05%, ≤0.20%, and ≤0.02%, respectively. The Ti60 titanium alloy exhibits good uniformity in the composition of various alloying elements.

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078] The second specific embodiment of the present invention is described below: The raw materials are shown in Table 3, totaling 72 block raw materials, each weighing 46.52 kg. Based on the alloy element ratio range in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%, the alloy element ratio is determined as follows: Al: 6.8%; Sn: 3.9%; Zr: 3.2%; Mo: 0.6%; Si: 0.35%; Nb: 0.5%; Ta: 1.1%; C: 0.055%.

[0079] Table 3

[0080] Types of raw materials Weight (kg) Titanium sponge 2763.14 AlMo65 30.92 Ti-Sn80 162.30 AlTa-70 52.42 sponge zirconium 110.52 Al bean 99.26 AlSi11 107.57 AlNb-75 22.20 C fans 1.67 total 3350

[0081] The sponge titanium and alloy raw materials are weighed by an automatic mixing machine, and then mixed evenly by a mixer. The mixing time of the mixer is 30-90 seconds.

[0082] Sponge titanium and alloy raw materials are pressed using an 8000-ton hydraulic press to produce block raw materials. The block raw materials are 400mm long and 300mm wide. 36 block raw materials are placed in each feed chute on both sides of the cooling bed. Two rows of block raw materials are placed in each feed chute, with 18 block raw materials in each row.

[0083] The electron beam cold hearth furnace has a total of seven electron guns, numbered 1-7. During the melting process, guns 1-4 are the first electron guns, used to melt the titanium liquid in the left and right feed troughs. Gun 5 is the second electron gun group, used to refine the titanium liquid in the cold hearth. Gun 6 is the second electron gun, and gun 7 is the third electron gun. Guns 6 and 7 are used to heat the surface of the molten pool in the crystallizer to ensure continuous solidification of the titanium liquid in the molten pool. The melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 3150 kW. The melting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 65%; the melting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 15%; and the melting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20%, producing a single ingot with a diameter of 650 mm.

[0084] Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots were prepared by melting a primary ingot in a crucible with a diameter of 720 mm, with a melting current of 25-29 kA and a melting voltage of 30-35 V.

[0085] The chemical composition of the ingot was sampled and tested, and the results are shown in Table 4. As can be seen from Table 2, the deviations for Al, Mo, Si, Sn, Zr, Nb, Ta, and C elements are ≤0.20%, ≤0.05%, ≤0.01%, ≤0.20%, ≤0.20%, ≤0.05%, ≤0.20%, and ≤0.02%, respectively. The Ti60 titanium alloy exhibits good uniformity in the composition of various alloying elements.

[0086] Table 4

[0087]

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The proportions of each alloying element were determined based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, and the types of alloy raw materials were also determined; the target composition range was Al: 5.2-6.5%. Sn: 3.0-4.5%; Zr：2.5-4.0%； Mo: 0.2-1.0%; Si: 0.2-0.6%; Nb: 0.2-0.7%; Ta: 0.7-1.5%; C: 0.04-0.08%; Based on the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, the alloy element ratio range is determined to be Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr：2.7-3.8%； Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C：0.05-0.07%； Weigh the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material, and mix the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material evenly to form the raw material to be melted; The raw materials to be melted are smelted in an electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot; The butt joint of the two primary ingots is circumferentially welded using an electron beam welding box. The welding current is 1-3A, the welding voltage is 30KV, and the welding speed is 15-40mm / min. The two primary ingots that have been butt-welded are then melted in a vacuum arc furnace to prepare Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots. The step of determining the type of alloy raw material includes: The types of alloy raw materials are determined to be sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloys, aluminum-tantalum master alloys, aluminum-silicon master alloys, carbon powder, titanium-tin master alloys, and aluminum-niobium master alloys; The step of uniformly mixing the sponge titanium and the alloy raw material to form the raw material to be melted includes: The sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum briquettes, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy are uniformly mixed using an automatic mixing machine to form a second raw material to be pressed. The carbon powder is prepared into carbon powder packets, which are then uniformly mixed with the second raw material to be pressed to form a third raw material to be pressed. Half the weight of the second raw material to be pressed is first poured into the mold cavity of a hydraulic press. Multiple carbon powder packets are then evenly arranged along the cross-section of the block material. The remaining half the weight of the second raw material to be pressed is then poured into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press. The third raw material to be pressed is then pressed using a hydraulic press to prepare a block material. The block material is then evenly arranged in the feed trough of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted. The step of melting the raw material to be melted in the charging space through the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace includes: The electron gun includes a first electron gun group, a second electron gun group, and a third electron gun group; The melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 1800-3150kw, the melting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 60-70%, the melting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 10-15%, and the melting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20-25%.

2. The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of melting the raw material using an electron beam cold hearth furnace includes: The dimensions of the lumpy raw material are determined according to the specifications of the feed trough so that the lumpy raw material is compatible with the loading space of the feed trough; the lumpy raw material is placed in the loading space, and the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is used to melt the raw material located in the loading space to prepare a primary ingot.

3. The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first electron gun group is used to melt the raw material to be melted into titanium liquid; the second electron gun group is used to refine the titanium liquid; the titanium liquid enters the crystallizer of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form a molten pool; and the third electron gun group is used to heat the surface of the molten pool.

4. The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first electron gun group includes four first electron guns. The scanning pattern of the first electron guns is a polygonal line shape, and the scanning patterns of the four first electron guns are symmetrically arranged about the cooling bed of the electron beam cooling furnace.

5. The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third electron gun group includes a second electron gun and a third electron gun; the scanning pattern of the second electron gun is circular, and the circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer; the scanning pattern of the third electron gun is annular, and the annular is located between the circle and the edge of the crystallizer.

6. The method for preparing Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingots according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The steps of melting the primary ingot using a vacuum consumable arc furnace include: The primary ingot is smelted in a vacuum consumable electric arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm-720mm, with a smelting current of 25-29KA and a smelting voltage of 30-35V.

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