Device and method for polishing multiple surfaces of circular stone plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for polishing multiple faces of a round stone plate, and relates to the technical field of stone machining. A rotary base, an XY-axis moving platform, a variable-frequency top grinding mechanism and a high-frequency swing side grinding mechanism are integrated, and a cam-air cylinder linkage system is combined, so that collaborative operation of top face accurate grinding and side face polishing is achieved. The rotating speed of a top surface grinding disc is 8000-12000 rpm, the pressing pressure is controlled to be 5-20 N by a pressure sensor in a closed-loop mode, and the surface roughness Ra is smaller than or equal to 0.8 micrometer; and the side grinding belt reversely rotates at the linear speed of 100-150m / s, an error compensation algorithm is matched, and the accumulative error is smaller than or equal to 0.1 degree. The device is suitable for stone plates with the diameter phi being 100-300 mm and is compatible with multiple materials such as marble and granite, and the machining period is shortened by 30%. The technology obviously improves the glossiness uniformity and the automation level, and is suitable for batch high-precision machining of small and medium-sized stone plates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stone processing, and in particular to a device and method for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab. Background Art

[0002] The beauty of decorative stones, apart from the product color, is mainly reflected in the glossiness of the product. Therefore, stone slab grinding is an important process in the stone slab processing. The quality of grinding directly determines the beauty and comfort of use of the product. During the processing of circular stone slabs, square or special-shaped slabs are mostly used, and their vertices are rotated and positioned, and then circular processing is achieved through a cutting mechanism. Subsequently, the outer wall of the stone slab is ground by a grinding tool to make it into a relatively regular circle, and at the same time, the burrs on the outer wall can also be removed.

[0003] The existing circular stone slab processing technology has significant technical bottlenecks in the grinding link, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. The traditional disk grinding machine adopts a fixed grinding tool design and can only process stone slabs of a single size (such as a diameter of 200 mm). When changing the specifications, it is necessary to stop the machine for debugging; 2. There is a speed gradient problem of "low speed in the center and high speed at the edge" in the motor direct drive grinding disk, resulting in serious burr residues at the edge and poor gloss uniformity (obvious halo differences can be seen visually). It relies on manual hand-held grinding machines for burr trimming. The operation path is disordered and it is easy to generate missed areas. The single-piece processing takes up to 20 - 30 minutes, with low efficiency; 3. Repeated operations are prone to cause operation errors, and synchronous processing of top surface fine grinding and side surface polishing cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a circular stone slab grinding device and method that can achieve multi-process coordination, adaptive adjustment, and high-precision control.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Device and method for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab, comprising a workbench; a rotary fixing base rotatably fixed to the workbench and translatable in the X and Y directions by an XY-axis moving assembly; a top surface grinding mechanism disposed on the workbench, including a grinding disc and a grinding motor for driving its rotation, for grinding the top surface of the stone slab; a side surface grinding mechanism fixed to the workbench, including a grinding belt; a lifting assembly for driving the grinding belt to swing up and down reciprocally, the lifting assembly including: a cam, a lifting roller in contact with the surface of the cam, a lifting bracket connecting the lifting roller, and a vertical sliding guide rail and a guide shaft for guiding the movement of the lifting bracket; a cam motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the cam central shaft of the cam; a fixed wheel fixed to the lifting bracket to support the grinding belt; a rotary driving assembly including a rotary driving pulley and a rotary driving motor, the rotary driving pulley being connected to the rotary driving motor through a coupling for driving the grinding belt to rotate; a first tensioning wheel and a second tensioning wheel, respectively driven by air cylinders to adjust the tension of the grinding belt.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the lifting assembly: the cam central shaft of the cam is vertically fixed to a vertical fixing seat through a deep groove ball bearing, and the axial clearance of the deep groove ball bearing ≤ 0.02 mm; the contact surface between the lifting roller and the cam is an arc surface.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the XY-axis moving assembly includes: an X-axis linear slide rail and a Y-axis linear slide rail for respectively driving the rotary fixing base to move in the X and Y directions; the stroke range of the X-axis linear slide rail is ±50 mm, and the repeat positioning accuracy is ±0.05 mm; the maximum load-bearing weight of the Y-axis linear slide rail is 50 kg, and it is equipped with a grating scale feedback system.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the top surface grinding mechanism: the grinding disc is a replaceable grinding tool with a diameter of 100 - 300 mm, and its material is diamond coating or cemented carbide; the rotation speed of the top surface grinding motor can be adjusted by a frequency converter, and the downward pressing pressure is closed-loop controlled by a pressure sensor, and the pressure range is 5 - 20 N; the top surface grinding motor is rotatably connected to the fixing base, and the fixing base is fixed to the workbench by bolts.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotary fixing base is driven by a base servo motor, the rotation speed control accuracy is ±0.01 rpm, and it is equipped with an absolute encoder to real-time feedback the rotation angle, and the cumulative error ≤ 0.1° through an error compensation algorithm.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, baffles are arranged around the workbench, and the bottom surface thereof is an inclined surface, and a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the inclined surface for discharging the grinding fluid.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the rotating shaft of the first tensioning wheel is connected to the movable end of the cylinder and fixed to the lifting bracket, and the rotating shaft of the second tensioning wheel is connected to the slider of the sliding guide rail through a support and fixedly connected to the lifting bracket.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the grinding method implemented by the device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab is as follows: Step 1: Fix the circular stone slab on a rotating fixed base, and align the center of the stone slab with the preset processing path through the XY axis moving component, with a positioning deviation of ≤0.1mm; Step 2: Start the top surface grinding mechanism, adjust the downward pressure of the grinding disc to 5-20N, and fine-grind the top surface of the stone slab at a speed of 8000-12000rpm until the surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm; Step 3: Start the side grinding mechanism: the cam motor drives the cam to rotate, so that the lifting roller moves up and down along the vertical sliding guide rail, driving the grinding belt to swing and grind the side of the stone slab at a linear speed of 100-150m / s; at the same time, the rotating drive motor drives the grinding belt to rotate, forming an opposite rotation angle with the rotation direction of the stone slab; through the XY axis linkage translation, multi-area continuous grinding is completed at a feed speed of 0.1-0.5m / min.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Multi-process collaborative operation: The top surface grinding mechanism and the side surface grinding mechanism are operated in conjunction with each other, and combined with the precise positioning of the XY axis moving components, the top surface fine grinding and side surface polishing of the stone slab can be realized synchronously or in steps, shortening the processing cycle by more than 30%; the linkage design of the rotating fixed base and the top surface grinding mechanism reduces the number of workpiece clamping times and reduces the cost of manual intervention; 2. The top surface grinding disc speed can reach 8000-12000rpm, combined with frequency conversion speed regulation and pressure sensor closed-loop control (downward pressure 5-20N), taking into account both grinding efficiency and surface quality; The top surface grinding disc speed can reach 8000-12000rpm, combined with frequency conversion speed regulation and pressure sensor closed-loop control (downward pressure 5-20N), taking into account both grinding efficiency and surface quality; The side grinding belt swings at a high frequency at a linear speed of 100-150m / s, and the reverse rotation angle design of the stone slab rotation direction effectively reduces grinding marks and improves the side finish; 3. The top grinding disc is a replaceable structure (with a diameter of 100 - 300 mm), supporting the processing of stone slabs of different sizes and materials (such as marble and granite); the XY-axis travel range is ±50 mm, and the load-bearing capacity is 50 kg, suitable for the batch production of medium and small-sized circular stone slabs; the tension of the side grinding belt is dynamically adjusted by the first and second tensioning wheels driven by a cylinder, compatible with workpieces of different thicknesses, and expanding the applicable range of the equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0014] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 is the side view of the present invention; Figure 4 is the top view of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting component in the present invention; Figure 6 is the top view of the lifting component in the present invention.

[0015] In the figures: 1, workbench; 2, top grinding mechanism; 3, side grinding mechanism; 4, lifting component; 5, rotation drive component; 6, XY-axis moving component; 7, rotation fixing base; 21, grinding disc; 22, grinding motor; 23, fixing base; 24, pressure sensor; 31, grinding belt; 32, first tensioning wheel; 33, second tensioning wheel; 41, cam; 42, lifting roller; 43, lifting bracket; 44, vertical sliding guide rail; 45, cam motor; 46, cam central shaft; 47, fixed wheel; 48, deep groove ball bearing; 49, vertical fixing seat; 50, guide shaft; 51, rotation drive pulley; 52, rotation drive motor; 61, X-axis linear slide rail; 62, Y-axis linear slide rail; 71, base servo motor. Detailed Embodiment

[0016] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] Among them, the same reference numerals in the drawings all refer to the same components.

[0018] As Figure 1-6 shown, the present invention provides a device and method for grinding multiple faces of a circular stone slab, including the following core components: 1. Workbench 1: As the basic platform of the device, it is surrounded by baffles, and its bottom surface is designed as an inclined plane with water outlet holes for discharging the waste liquid generated during the grinding process.

[0019] 2. Rotary fixing base 7: It is installed on the workbench 1 through the XY-axis moving component 6, driven by the base servo motor 71 to rotate, with the rotational speed control accuracy of ±0.01 rpm, and equipped with an absolute encoder to feedback the angle in real time to ensure that the cumulative error ≤ 0.1°. The rotary fixing base 7 is used to fix the circular stone slab to be processed and drive it to rotate.

[0020] 3. XY-axis moving component 6: It includes an X-axis linear slide rail 61 and a Y-axis linear slide rail 62, with a stroke range of +50 mm, a repeat positioning accuracy of +0.05 mm, and a maximum load-bearing weight of 50 kg. The slide rail is equipped with a grating scale feedback system to achieve precise positioning of the stone slab processing path (deviation ≤ 0.1 mm); 4. Top surface grinding mechanism 2: Located above the rotary fixing base 7, it includes: grinding disc 21: a replaceable structure, with a diameter of 100 - 300 mm, made of diamond coating or cemented carbide, suitable for stone slabs of different sizes and materials (such as marble, granite).

[0021] 5. Side surface grinding mechanism 3: Fixed on the workbench 1, it includes: grinding belt 31, driven by the rotary drive motor 52 to drive the rotary drive pulley 51 to rotate, with a linear velocity of 100 - 150 m / s, and combined with the lifting component 4 driven by the cam 41 to achieve high-frequency up and down swinging. Lifting component 4: Driven by the cam drive motor 45 to drive the cam 41 to rotate, controlling the reciprocating movement of the lifting bracket 43 through the lifting roller 42 and the vertical sliding guide rail 44, so that the grinding belt 31 swings at a set frequency. Tension adjustment mechanism: The first tensioning wheel 32 and the second tensioning wheel 33 dynamically adjust the tension of the grinding belt 31 through the air cylinder, compatible with stone slabs of different thicknesses.

[0022] 6. Rotary drive component 5: Drives the grinding belt 31 to rotate and forms a reverse rotation angle with the rotation direction of the stone slab to reduce grinding marks and accelerate material removal.

[0023] The grinding method of the present invention is implemented according to the following steps: 1. Fixing and positioning of the stone slab: Fix the circular stone slab on the rotary fixing base 7, and adjust the position of the stone slab through the X-axis moving component to align its center with the preset processing path (deviation ≤ 0.1 mm); 2. Top surface fine grinding: Start the top surface grinding mechanism 2, adjust the downward pressure of the grinding disc 21 to 5 - 20 N, and perform fine grinding on the top surface of the stone slab at a rotational speed of 8000 - 12000 rpm until the surface roughness reaches Ra < 0.8 μm.

[0024] 3. Side polishing process: Start the side grinding mechanism 3. The cam drive motor 45 drives the cam 41 to rotate, causing the lifting roller 42 to move up and down along the vertical sliding guide 44, driving the polishing belt 31 to swing at a high frequency with a linear velocity of 100 - 150 m / s. The rotation drive motor 52 synchronously drives the polishing belt 31 to rotate, forming a reverse rotation angle with the rotation direction of the stone slab to reduce polishing marks. The XY-axis moving assembly 6 moves synchronously in translation at a feed rate of 0.1 - 0.5 m / min to complete continuous polishing of multiple side areas.

[0025] 4. Dynamic adjustment and monitoring: The top grinding pressure is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor 24, and the XY-axis position error is corrected by combining with the grating scale feedback system. According to the thickness of the stone slab, the tension of the first tensioning wheel 32 and the second tensioning wheel 33 is adjusted by the cylinder to ensure the stable operation of the polishing belt 31.

[0026] 5. Waste liquid treatment and cleaning: The waste liquid generated during the polishing process is discharged through the water outlet holes on the inclined surface of the bottom of the workbench 1 to keep the processing area clean.

[0027] Example verification: Taking a circular granite slab with a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 20 mm as an example, this device is used for processing. Top surface fine grinding: It takes 3 minutes, and the surface roughness Ra = 0.6 um. Side surface polishing: It takes 5 minutes, and there are no visible scratches on the surface. Total processing cycle: 8 minutes, and the efficiency is increased by 40% compared with traditional single-process equipment.

[0028] The present invention is a device and method for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab. Through the collaborative control of multiple mechanisms, a high-precision motion system, and modular design, while improving the grinding efficiency and surface quality of the circular stone slab, it also takes into account the equipment compatibility, stability, and environmental protection, and is applicable to the batch production scenario of medium and small-sized stone slabs.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab, characterized in that: The invention comprises a workbench (1); a rotating fixed base (7) which is rotatably fixed on the workbench (1) and can be translated along the X and Y directions through an XY axis moving assembly (6); a top surface grinding mechanism (2) which is arranged on the workbench (1) and comprises a grinding disc (21) and a grinding motor (22) which drives the grinding disc to rotate, and is used to grind the top surface of the stone slab; a side surface grinding mechanism (3) which is fixed on the workbench (1) and comprises a grinding belt (31); a lifting assembly (4) which drives the grinding belt (31) to swing back and forth up and down, and the lifting assembly (4) comprises: a cam (41), a lifting roller (42) which contacts the surface of the cam (41), and a lifting bracket (41) which is connected to the lifting roller (42). 43), and a vertical sliding guide rail (44) and a guide shaft (50) for guiding the movement of the lifting bracket (43); a cam motor (45), whose output shaft is connected to the cam center shaft (46) of the cam (41); a fixed wheel (47), fixed on the lifting bracket (43) to support the grinding belt (31); a rotation drive assembly (5), comprising a rotation drive pulley (51) and a rotation drive motor (52), wherein the rotation drive pulley (51) is connected to the rotation drive motor (52) through a coupling and is used to drive the grinding belt (31) to rotate; a first tensioning wheel (32) and a second tensioning wheel (33), respectively driven by a cylinder to adjust the tension of the grinding belt (31).

2. A device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lifting assembly (4), the cam center axis (46) of the cam (41) is vertically fixed on a vertical fixing seat (49) via a deep groove ball bearing (48), and the axial clearance of the deep groove ball bearing (48) is ≤0.02 mm; and the contact surface between the lifting roller (42) and the cam (41) is an arc surface.

3. The device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The XY axis moving assembly (6) comprises: an X axis linear slide rail (61) and a Y axis linear slide rail (62), which respectively drive the rotating fixed base (7) to move along the X and Y directions; the travel range of the X axis linear slide rail (61) is ±50 mm, and the repeatability accuracy is ±0.05 mm; the maximum load-bearing weight of the Y axis linear slide rail (62) is 50 kg, and a grating scale feedback system is provided.

4. The device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the top surface grinding mechanism (2), the grinding disc (21) is a replaceable grinding tool with a diameter of 100-300 mm, and its material is diamond coating or hard alloy; the rotation speed of the top surface grinding motor (22) can be adjusted by a frequency converter, and the downward pressure is closed-loop controlled by a pressure sensor (24), and the pressure range is 5-20N; the top surface grinding motor (22) is rotatably connected to a fixed base (23), and the fixed base (23) is fixed to the workbench (1) by bolts.

5. The device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating fixed base (7) is driven by a base servo motor (71) with a rotation speed control accuracy of ±0.01 rpm and is equipped with an absolute encoder to provide real-time feedback of the rotation angle, with the accumulated error being ≤0.1° through an error compensation algorithm.

6. The device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with baffles around its periphery, and its bottom surface is an inclined surface, and a water outlet is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface for discharging grinding fluid.

7. The device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the first tensioning wheel (32) is connected to the movable end of the cylinder and fixed to the lifting bracket (43); the rotating shaft of the second tensioning wheel (33) is connected to the slider of the sliding guide rail through a support and is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket (43).

8. The grinding method implemented by the device for grinding multiple surfaces of a circular stone slab according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: step 1: fixing a circular stone plate on a rotating fixed base (7), aligning the center of the stone plate with a preset processing path through an XY axis moving component (6), and achieving a positioning deviation of ≤0.1 mm; step 2: starting a top surface grinding mechanism (2), adjusting the downward pressure of a grinding disc (21) to 5-20 N, and fine grinding the top surface of the stone plate at a rotation speed of 8000-12000 rpm until the surface roughness Ra is ≤0.8 μm; step 3: starting a side surface grinding mechanism (3): a cam motor (45) drives a cam (41) to rotate, causing a lifting roller (42) to move up and down along a vertical sliding guide rail (44), driving a grinding belt (31) to swing and grind the side surface of the stone plate at a linear speed of 100-150 m / s; at the same time, a rotating driving motor (52) drives the grinding belt (31) to rotate, forming a rotation angle opposite to the rotation direction of the stone plate; and through XY axis linkage translation, multi-region continuous grinding is completed at a feed speed of 0.1-0.5 m / min.

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