Redundant waterproof structure for basement

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of basement construction, and particularly to a redundant waterproof structure for a basement. A fixed support structure is provided, and the fixed support structure includes an anchor body and a top plate. The top plate is supported by the anchor body, and then the outer edges of the anti-camber and the backing plate are supported. The backing plate and the anti-camber are obtained by formwork pouring, and the material is waterproof mortar. After curing, it has good waterproof performance. Moreover, through the protection of the top plate, part of the lateral stress can be dispersed, and thus the dislocation deformation between the backing plate and the protective plate layer can be avoided, ensuring the waterproof effect. A fixed bending plate is provided, which can ensure the stable fitting between the flexible waterproof layer and the anti-camber, and reduce the fitting gap between the flexible waterproof layer and the rigid waterproof layer during the construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of basement construction, in particular to a redundant waterproof structure of a basement. Background Art

[0002] Basements are widely used building structures, used for storage, parking garages, etc. Basement waterproofing is an important part of building waterproofing, which is related to the basement's functional use and structural safety.

[0003] In order to ensure the waterproof performance of the basement, technical personnel in this field have developed corresponding waterproof grades, which are divided into level one and level two. Level one requires that water seepage is not allowed and there are no wet stains on the surface of the structure. Level two requires that water leakage is not allowed, and there can be a small amount of wet stains on the surface of the structure. In order to make the waterproof performance of the basement reach the level one standard, technical personnel in this field have developed a variety of waterproof structures, waterproof materials and waterproof construction methods. Among them, the waterproof structure includes a rigid waterproof layer, a flexible waterproof layer and an isolation layer distributed from the outside to the inside. The rigid waterproof layer is mainly a waterproof concrete casting layer, and external waterproofing is performed by hydrophobic waterproof mortar. The flexible waterproof layer is a waterproof layer composed of waterproof membranes, waterproof coatings and other materials to extend the water penetration path. The isolation layer is a structure such as isolation felt and membrane with high tear resistance, thereby protecting the flexible waterproof layer on the surface to avoid damage to the flexible waterproof layer, thereby achieving long-term waterproofing effect, and constructing the surface layer on the isolation layer.

[0004] Redundant waterproofing is a redundant design that is carried out after combining the above-mentioned rigid waterproof layer, flexible waterproof layer, and isolation layer. It is generally manifested in the laying of multiple layers of flexible waterproof layers, with overlaps between two adjacent waterproof materials in the same layer. The waterproofing mechanism / performance of the two adjacent flexible waterproof layers is the same or different, thereby achieving the effect of redundant waterproofing. In order to cooperate with the redundant waterproofing structure of the basement, the groundwater level is also controlled by well point dewatering, thereby reducing the soil moisture content outside the basement. During the construction of the redundant waterproofing structure of the basement, the rigid waterproof layer includes a pad set on the compacted soil layer and a protective plate layer set on the side wall of the foundation pit. The protective plate layer and the pad are constructed separately, and there is a connection seam. After being affected by geological changes, the protective plate layer and the pad are easy to separate, and the acting force will affect the flexible waterproof layer, thereby reducing the waterproof effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a redundant waterproof structure for a basement.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A redundant waterproof structure for a basement, comprising a rigid waterproof layer and a flexible waterproof layer. The rigid waterproof layer includes a backing plate disposed on a rammed plain soil layer and a protective plate layer disposed on the side wall of a foundation pit. The flexible waterproof layer is connected to the backing plate and the protective plate layer. An upward anti-camber is provided at the edge of the backing plate, and a shaped support structure is provided outside the anti-camber. The shaped support structure includes an anchor body disposed on the side wall of the foundation pit. The anchor body is connected to a top plate that cooperates with the anti-camber. The flexible waterproof layer is provided with a shaped bending plate that cooperates with the anti-camber.

[0007] Further, the anchor body includes a horizontal concrete column. A connecting column is provided at the outer end of the concrete column. The top plate is embedded in the side wall of the foundation pit. The connecting column extends outward to the outside of the top plate and is connected to a pressing structure that presses the top plate inward.

[0008] Further, the pressing structure includes a counterbore provided on the outside of the top plate. A pressure ring is provided in the counterbore. The pressure ring is in threaded cooperation with the connecting column.

[0009] Further, a support rib row is provided at the lower end of the top plate. The first end of the support rib row is inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit, and the second end of the support rib row is inserted into the backing plate.

[0010] Further, the protective plate layer includes a rigid support inner plate provided at the upper end of the anti-camber. A water stop plate is connected between the rigid support inner plate and the anti-camber. A foamed board is provided between the rigid support inner plate and the side wall of the foundation pit. A pre-fixed connecting member is provided between the foamed board and the side wall of the foundation pit.

[0011] Further, the pre-fixed connecting member includes a drill rod inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit. A support disc that cooperates with the foamed board is provided at the outer end of the drill rod. Blind holes that cooperate with the drill rod are machined on the foamed board.

[0012] Further, the support disc includes a rigid cover fixed to the drill rod. The opening of the rigid cover faces the foamed board. A flexible sleeve is connected to the outer edge of the rigid cover. An adhesive is provided inside both the rigid cover and the flexible sleeve. The flexible sleeve can be extruded and deformed during the installation of the foamed board.

[0013] Further, the shaped bending plate includes a horizontal first wing and a vertical second wing. The length value of the first wing is 1.5 - 2 times the length value of the second wing. Cross-sectionally arc-shaped operating edges are provided at the ends of both the first wing and the second wing.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. Set up a fixed support structure, which includes an anchor body and a top plate. The anchor body supports the top plate, which in turn supports the outer edge of the counter-ridge and the pad. The pad and counter-ridge are cast by formwork. The material is waterproof mortar. After curing, it has good waterproof performance. The protection of the top plate can disperse part of the lateral stress, thereby avoiding the misalignment and deformation between the pad and the protective plate layer, ensuring the waterproof effect. The fixed bending plate can ensure the stable fit between the flexible waterproof layer and the counter-ridge, and reduce the fit gap between the flexible waterproof layer and the rigid waterproof layer during the construction process.

[0016] 2. Set up rigid support inner panels and foam panels. The foam panels are fixed to the side walls of the foundation pit through pre-fixed connectors to provide a basis for the installation of the rigid support inner panels. At the same time, in the subsequent use process, the foam panels are used to block water. The foam panels also provide elastic buffering, so that the joint surface between the protective plate layer and the side walls of the foundation pit is more evenly stressed, thereby improving the long-term waterproof effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the redundant waterproof structure of the basement;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-fixed connector;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the finalized support structure;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the standardized bent plate.

[0021] Among them: 1. Compacted soil layer; 2. Backing plate; 3. Flexible waterproof layer 1; 4. Flexible waterproof layer 2; 5. Mortar setting layer; 6. Raft slab; 7. Leveling layer; 8. Basement; 9. Side wall;

[0022] 10. Shaped bending plate; 1001. First wing; 1002. Second wing; 1003. Operating edge;

[0023] 11. Foam board;

[0024] 12. Pre-fixed connector; 1201. Drill rod; 1202. Rigid cover; 1203. Flexible sleeve;

[0025] 13. Shaped support structure; 1301. Concrete column; 1302. Connecting column; 1303. Countersunk hole; 1304. Compression ring; 1305. Support ribs; 1306. Top plate;

[0026] 14. Water stop plate; 15. Anti-ridge; 16. Rigid support inner plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] As Figures 1-4 shown, a redundant waterproof structure for a basement includes a rigid waterproof layer and a flexible waterproof layer. The rigid waterproof layer includes a backing plate 2 constructed on a rammed plain soil layer 1. The backing plate 2 is a reinforced waterproof mortar layer with good crack resistance and waterproof performance, and has a thickness of 100 mm, thereby supporting the upper raft 6. An upward counterfort 15 is integrally formed at the edge of the backing plate 2. The counterfort 15 has a thickness of 180 mm and a height of 300 mm. After the counterfort 15 is formed, a rigid corner is formed between the counterfort 15 and the backing plate 2. When constructing the flexible waterproof layer, the flexible waterproof layer is pressed at the corner, so that the flexible waterproof layer is in contact with the counterfort 15 and the backing plate 2, improving the waterproof effect. A waterproof adhesive is used at the contact area to enhance the contact effect. During the construction process, the counterfort 15 and the backing plate 2 can provide stable support and will not deform or crack under the application of a large pressure.

[0031] A fixed support structure 13 is installed on the outside of the anti-ridge 15. The fixed support structure 13 includes an anchor body installed on the side wall of the foundation pit. The anchor body is connected to a top plate 1306 that matches the anti-ridge 15. Specifically, a horizontal hole is drilled at the lower end of the side wall of the foundation pit, and then concrete is poured to obtain a horizontal concrete column 1301. A connecting column 1302 is pre-buried at the outer end of the concrete column 1301. The connecting column 1302 is a threaded column. The top plate 1306 is a non-disassembly template. The force makes the top plate 1306 embedded in the side wall of the foundation pit, thereby ensuring the flatness of the side wall of the foundation pit. The connecting column 1302 extends outward to the outside of the top plate 1306 and is connected to a clamping structure. The clamping structure includes a countersunk hole 1303 processed on the outside of the top plate 1306. A pressure ring 1304 is installed in the countersunk hole 1303. The pressure ring 1304 is threaded with the connecting column 1302. The pressure ring 1304 is a nut. The clamping structure presses the top plate 1306 inward to make the top plate 1 306 is fitted with the side wall of the foundation pit, and the top plate 1306 forms a mold of the anti-ridge 15, and has good bonding with the anti-ridge 15. In the subsequent long-term use process, the protection of the top plate 1306 can disperse part of the lateral stress, thereby avoiding the misalignment and deformation between the pad 2 and the protective plate layer, and ensuring the waterproof effect. There are multiple anchor bodies, and the spacing between two adjacent anchor bodies is 1500-2000mm, thereby providing stable support for the top plate 1306. There is a support rib row 1305 at the lower end of the top plate 1306. The first end of the support rib row 1305 is inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit, and the second end of the support rib row 1305 is inserted into the pad 2, thereby supporting the top plate 1306. The support rib row 1305 is obtained by cutting threaded steel bars. The spacing between two adjacent threaded steel bars in the support rib row 1305 is 130mm. The height value of the top plate 1306 is higher than the anti-ridge 15, which blocks the gap between the anti-ridge 15 and the protective plate layer.

[0032] The construction of the flexible waterproof layer is equipped with a shaped bending plate 10 that cooperates with the inverted sill 15. Specifically, the shaped bending plate 10 is a steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm, which is obtained by connecting multiple single plates. The length value of a single plate is 200 mm. The shaped bending plate 10 includes a horizontal first wing 1001 and a vertical second wing 1002. The length value of the first wing 1001 is 1.5 - 2 times the length value of the second wing 1002, thus ensuring the stable placement of the shaped bending plate 10. The ends of the first wing 1001 and the second wing 1002 are both formed with an operation edge 1003 having an arc-shaped cross-section. During use, first, a first flexible waterproof layer 3 is laid on the backing plate 2. During the laying process, the shaped bending plate 10 is flipped, and the second wing 1002 of the shaped bending plate 10 presses the first flexible waterproof layer 3, so that the first flexible waterproof layer 3 is fully adhered to the backing plate 2 and the inverted sill 15. The self-weight of the shaped bending plate 10 forms an adhesion pressure for 20 h, causing the first flexible waterproof layer to undergo tensile deformation. During the testing process, attempts were made to fill the corners with asphalt and mortar, and it was found that the cured asphalt and mortar would shrink, thus forming gaps. Through the compressive stress applied by the shaped bending plate 10, the asphalt and mortar can still be closely adhered to the first flexible waterproof layer 3 after curing. Since the ends of the first wing 1001 and the second wing 1002 of the shaped bending plate 10 are both formed with an operation edge 1003 having an arc-shaped cross-section, it can avoid scratching the first flexible waterproof layer 3 and the second flexible waterproof layer 4 during the operation process. After laying the first flexible waterproof layer 3, the second flexible waterproof layer 4 is laid. The first flexible waterproof layer 3 is composed of 2 - 3 layers of chloroprene rubber waterproof sheets, and the second flexible waterproof layer 4 is composed of 4 - 5 layers of chlorinated polyethylene waterproof sheets. A mortar shaping layer 5 is laid on the second flexible waterproof layer 4, and after curing, formwork is supported and poured to obtain a raft plate 6 with a thickness of 800 - 1000 mm, thus ensuring the strength. The upper surface of the raft plate 6 is leveled through mortar construction to obtain the floor slab 7 of the basement 8, and then the topcoat is constructed.

[0033] It also includes a protective plate layer constructed on the side wall of the foundation pit. The flexible waterproof layer is connected to the backing plate 2 and the protective plate layer. Specifically, the protective plate layer includes a rigid support inner plate 16 constructed on the upper end of the anti-camber 15. A water stop plate 14 is connected between the rigid support inner plate 16 and the anti-camber 15. The lower end of the water stop plate 14 is embedded in the anti-camber 15. The water stop plate 14 is a steel plate, thus preventing water leakage at the joint. A foamed board 11 is installed between the rigid support inner plate 16 and the side wall of the foundation pit. The foamed board 11 is a polystyrene board with a thickness of 15 mm. To ensure the waterproof effect, the area of a single foamed board 11 is greater than 4 square meters. Waterproof treatment is performed between two adjacent foamed boards 11. Specifically, polyurethane sealant is coated at the joint, or a water stop steel plate is inserted at the joint. A pre-fixed connector 12 is installed between the foamed board 11 and the side wall of the foundation pit. The pre-fixed connector 12 includes a drill rod 1201 inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit. The drill rod 1201 is made of deformed steel bar. A support disc matched with the foamed board 11 is welded and fixed to the outer end of the drill rod 1201. The support disc includes a rigid cover 1202 fixed to the drill rod 1201. The opening of the rigid cover 1202 faces the foamed board 11. A flexible sleeve 1203 is connected to the outer edge of the rigid cover 1202. The flexible sleeve 1203 is a rubber sleeve. The rigid cover 1202 is a steel cover. Mortar, which is the binder, is filled in both the rigid cover 1202 and the flexible sleeve 1203. The rigid cover 1202 is a conical cover, thus facilitating insertion into the side wall of the foundation pit. During the installation of the foamed board 11, the flexible sleeve 1203 is squeezed and deformed, thus enabling the rigid cover 1202 to cooperate with the foamed board 11. After the binder cures, the rigid cover 1202 is fixed to the foamed board 11. Blind holes matched with the drill rod 1201 are processed on the foamed board 11, thus preventing the drill rod 1201 from passing through the foamed board 11. The height value of the top plate 1306 is higher than that of the anti-camber 15, thus enabling the lower end of the foamed board 11 to be inserted between the top plate 1306 and the rigid support inner plate 16. Then, the rigid support inner plate 16 is constructed. The rigid support inner plate 16 can be a precast slab or obtained by in-situ casting. In this embodiment, in-situ casting is selected. The foamed board 11 forms one side formwork. Short piles can also be fixed on the foamed board 11. The short piles are inserted into the rigid support inner plate 16, thus improving the connection stability between the foamed board 11 and the rigid support inner plate 16. After the rigid support inner plate 16 is constructed, the flexible waterproof layer 3 and the flexible waterproof layer 4 are continued upward. Then, the side wall 9 is constructed. Since the seepage water pressure at the side wall 9 is relatively low and it does not bear weight, the side wall 9 is obtained by in-situ casting and has a thickness of 300 mm.It is made of the same material as the raft slab 6, and both the side wall 9 and the raft slab 6 are reinforced, with good integrity, which can reduce deformation or cracks caused by geological changes. Additionally, the rigid support inner plate 16 and the foaming board 11 are constructed. The foaming board 11 is fixed to the side wall of the foundation pit through the pre-fixed connecting piece 12, providing a foundation for the installation of the rigid support inner plate 16. At the same time, during the subsequent use process, the foaming board 11 conducts preliminary water blocking, and the foaming board 11 also provides elastic buffering, making the joint surface between the protective plate layer and the side wall of the foundation pit more evenly stressed and improving the long-term waterproof effect. It should be noted that during the foundation pit excavation process, it is difficult to ensure the inclination angle and flatness of the side wall. During the construction process, usually, the foundation pit is first excavated, the pile foundation and the raft slab are constructed, the bottom waterproofing is done, and then the side wall 9 is constructed by formwork. A waterproof layer construction space is reserved between the side wall 9 and the side wall of the foundation pit, the side wall waterproofing is constructed, and then backfilling is carried out, thus ensuring the cooperation between the flexible waterproof layer and the side wall of the foundation pit, having a large construction space, which is conducive to post-construction inspection, maintenance, and timely treatment. In this embodiment, another optional construction method can be realized. Through the drill rod 1201, the angle of the foaming board 11 can be adjusted to obtain a flat surface, providing support for the rigid support inner plate 16 and the flexible waterproof layer on the side, and then the side wall is constructed, which can reduce the width of the foundation pit and thus reduce backfilling. During the construction process, it is also possible to first construct the side wall 9 by formwork, then construct the flexible waterproof layer on the side and the rigid support inner plate 16, then construct the foaming board 11, and finally backfill. The preliminary water blocking effect and elastic buffering effect of the foaming board 11 can still be achieved. The disadvantage is that the backfilling volume is large, and the foaming board 11 can play a buffering role during the compaction process after backfilling. Those skilled in the art can make corresponding construction choices and select construction methods to improve construction efficiency on the premise of ensuring project quality.

[0034] During the use process of the redundant waterproof structure of the basement provided in this embodiment, drainage ditches and well point dewatering facilities can also be equipped to prevent the redundant waterproof structure of the basement from being in a high-permeability water pressure state for a long time, ensuring stable waterproof effect. Moreover, structures such as the sump in the basement can also reduce the water pressure outside the basement.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A redundant waterproof structure for a basement, comprising a rigid waterproof layer and a flexible waterproof layer. The rigid waterproof layer includes a backing plate disposed on a rammed plain soil layer and a protective plate layer disposed on the side wall of the foundation pit. The flexible waterproof layer is connected to the backing plate and the protective plate layer, and is characterized in that, An upward anti-camber is provided at the edge of the backing plate. A shaping support structure is provided outside the anti-camber. The shaping support structure includes an anchor body arranged on the side wall of the foundation pit. The anchor body is connected with a top plate that cooperates with the anti-camber. A shaping bending plate that cooperates with the anti-camber is provided on the flexible waterproof layer. The anchor body includes a horizontal concrete column. A connecting column is provided at the outer end of the concrete column. The top plate is embedded in the side wall of the foundation pit. The connecting column extends outward to the outside of the top plate and is connected with a pressing structure. The pressing structure presses the top plate inward, and the top plate forms a mold for the anti-camber. Supporting rib rows are provided at the lower end of the top plate. The first end of the supporting rib row is inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit, and the second end of the supporting rib row is inserted into the backing plate. The height value of the top plate is higher than that of the anti-camber, covering the gap between the anti-camber and the protective plate layer. The protective plate layer includes a rigid support inner plate arranged at the upper end of the anti-camber. A water stop plate is connected between the rigid support inner plate and the anti-camber. A foaming board is arranged between the rigid support inner plate and the side wall of the foundation pit. A pre-fixed connecting piece is arranged between the foaming board and the side wall of the foundation pit.

2. The redundant waterproof structure of the basement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing structure includes a counterbore arranged on the outside of the top plate. A pressure ring is arranged in the counterbore. The pressure ring is in threaded cooperation with the connecting column.

3. The redundant waterproof structure for basement according to claim 2, wherein, The pre-fixed connecting piece includes a drill rod inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit. A support disk that cooperates with the foaming board is provided at the outer end of the drill rod. Blind holes that cooperate with the drill rod are machined on the foaming board.

4. The redundant basement waterproof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support disk includes a rigid cover fixed to the drill rod. The opening of the rigid cover faces the foaming board. A flexible sleeve is connected to the outer edge of the rigid cover. Adhesives are provided both inside the rigid cover and the flexible sleeve. The flexible sleeve can be squeezed and deformed during the installation of the foaming board.

5. The redundant basement waterproof structure according to claim 4, wherein The shaping bending plate includes a horizontal first wing and a vertical second wing. The length value of the first wing is 1.5 - 2 times the length value of the second wing. Operating edges with an arc-shaped cross-section are provided at the ends of the first wing and the second wing.

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