Satellite-borne hyperspectral load spectrum calibration method independent of ground synchronous observation

Abstract

The invention provides a satellite-borne hyperspectral load spectrum calibration method independent of ground synchronous observation, which is applied to the technical field of satellite remote sensing and hyperspectral, and comprises the following steps: constructing an actual apparent reflectance matrix of a calibration site referring to multispectral load observation based on various standard mode apparent reflectance matrixes; determining a weight coefficient matrix of spectrum reconstruction based on the spectrum matching factor and the actual apparent reflectivity matrix; constructing hyper-spectral apparent reflectivity of the calibration site; performing convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral load and the hyperspectral apparent reflectivity to obtain channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral load; performing spectrum normalization on the radiance of the channel at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral load and the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral load, and establishing a spaceborne hyperspectral load on-orbit spectrum calibration model; according to the invention, the defect that a satellite-borne hyperspectral load on-orbit spectrum calibration method excessively depends on ground synchronous observation data can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of satellite remote sensing and hyperspectral technology, and in particular to a method for spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations. Background Art

[0002] Different from multispectral remote sensing data, hyperspectral remote sensing data has the characteristic of combining spatial and spectral information. Accurately obtaining the actual spectral center wavelength and half-width of the hyperspectral payload that characterizes the spectral performance of hyperspectral remote sensing data is the premise and foundation for ensuring the quantitative application of hyperspectral remote sensing data.

[0003] In related technologies, the surface reflectance and gas content parameters of the atmospheric absorption spectral band measured synchronously on the ground are used, and based on the atmospheric radiation transfer model, the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the hyperspectral payload is simulated and spectrally matched with the observed channel radiance at the entrance pupil to determine the spectral calibration parameters.

[0004] However, the current method relies on the surface reflectance measured synchronously on the ground and the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band as inputs, and does not consider the influence of the estimation of atmospheric parameters in the atmospheric absorption channels on the spectral calibration accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations, so as to solve the defect that the existing on-orbit spectral calibration method of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads overly relies on ground synchronous observation data and achieve a higher calibration accuracy.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations, including the following steps.

[0007] Determine the spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; based on the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes, construct the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload; based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix, determine the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction; based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectances of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, construct the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site, where the hyperspectral apparent reflectances of the multiple standard modes are obtained by simulating the historical gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band based on the atmospheric radiation transfer model; perform a convolution operation on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload; perform spectral normalization processing on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, and establish the on-orbit spectral calibration model of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload.

[0008] A method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation provided by the present invention. Determining the spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image includes: Based on the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image, and the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image, determining the spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the reference multispectral payload, where it includes:

[0009] Wherein, represents the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the coefficient factor in the spectral matching factor of the band, represents the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload, represents the offset factor in the spectral matching factor of the band.

[0010] A method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation provided by the present invention. The expression for the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is:

[0011] The expression for the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload is:

[0012] Wherein, represents the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload, and represent the starting wavelength and ending wavelength of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload, represents the reference multispectral payload, H represents the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the apparent reflectance continuous spectrum of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, Represents the apparent reflectance continuous spectrum of the reference multispectral payload, Represents the spectral response function of the th band of the reference multispectral payload,

[0013] A spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observations. The multiple standard modes include: water body standard mode, bare soil standard mode, vegetation standard mode, and additional standard mode; Constructing the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes, including: Constructing the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on the coefficients of multiple standard modes and the formatted apparent reflectances of multiple standard modes, where it includes:

[0014] Represents the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload, Represents the coefficient of the water body standard mode, Represents the coefficient of the bare soil standard mode, Represents the coefficient of the vegetation standard mode, Represents the coefficient of the additional standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the water body standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the bare soil standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the vegetation standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the additional standard mode, Represents the residual of the linear combination.

[0015] A spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observations. The expression of the formatted apparent reflectances of the multiple standard modes is:

[0016] Wherein, Represents the th band of the reference multispectral payload and the k formatted apparent reflectance of the th standard mode, and represent the starting wavelength and ending wavelength of the th band observed by the reference multispectral payload, k is the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the representing the spectral response function of the th band of the reference multispectral payload,

[0017] According to a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method independent of ground synchronous observation provided by the present invention, the spectral normalization process of the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is carried out, and the expression of the on-orbit spectral calibration model of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is established as:

[0018] wherein, represents the cost function of the calibration of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the gas content of the atmospheric absorption spectral band, represents the wavelength offset, represents the change in spectral bandwidth, represents the total number of bands around the atmospheric absorption spectral band participating in spectral calibration, represents the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload for the th band, and represents the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload for the

[0019] The present invention also provides a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device independent of ground synchronous observation, including the following modules: a matching module for determining the spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; a construction module for constructing the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes; a reconstruction module for determining the weight coefficient matrix of spectral reconstruction based on the actual apparent reflectance matrix and the spaceborne apparent reflectance matrix; the construction module is further configured to construct the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectances of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, wherein the hyperspectral apparent reflectances of multiple standard modes are simulated by an atmospheric radiative transfer model based on the historical gas content of the atmospheric absorption spectral band; a convolution module for performing a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload; a calibration module for performing spectral normalization on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, and establishing the on-orbit spectral calibration model of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload.

[0020] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation as described in any one of the above.

[0021] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation as described in any one of the above.

[0022] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation as described in any one of the above.

[0023] The method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation provided by the present invention determines the spectral matching factor between them by comparing the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image with the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image, ensuring the spectral comparability between different payloads; based on the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes, an actual apparent reflectance matrix is constructed for the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload, simulating the spectral characteristics of the calibration site in the real environment; using the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix, the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction is determined, providing accurate weight coefficients for subsequent spectral reconstruction and ensuring the accuracy of spectral reconstruction; based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance and weight coefficient matrix of multiple standard modes, the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site is constructed, and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance simulated by the atmospheric radiation transfer model is combined with the weight coefficient matrix to achieve a high-precision simulation of the spectral characteristics of the calibration site; the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is convolved with the hyperspectral apparent reflectance to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload. By combining the simulated spectral characteristics with the actual spectral response of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, accurate channel radiance data are obtained; the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is spectrally normalized with the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload to establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model for the spaceborne hyperspectral payload. By normalizing, the spectral differences under different observation conditions are eliminated, and more accurate and reliable spectral calibration results can be obtained. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art one by one. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for spectral calibration of a satellite-borne hyperspectral payload that is independent of synchronous ground observations provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a technical flow diagram of a satellite-borne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that is independent of ground synchronous observation.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a module schematic diagram of a satellite-borne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device provided by the present invention that is independent of ground synchronous observation.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Unlike multispectral remote sensing data, hyperspectral remote sensing data has the characteristics of combining spatial and spectral information. Accurately obtaining the actual spectral center wavelength and half-wave width of the hyperspectral payload that characterizes the spectral performance of hyperspectral remote sensing data is the premise and basis for ensuring the quantitative application of hyperspectral remote sensing data. Before the satellite is launched, the spectral performance of the onboard hyperspectral payload will be accurately calibrated in a rigorous laboratory to determine the spectral performance parameters of the sensor. However, due to factors such as severe vibration during satellite launch, changes in the space environment, and aging of sensor optical components, the spectral performance of the onboard hyperspectral payload will change during its in-orbit operation, so that parameters such as the spectral center wavelength and half-wave width calibrated in the laboratory before launch cannot accurately characterize the actual spectral performance of the hyperspectral remote sensing data.

[0031] The quantitative application value of spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing data lies in the accurate characterization of the spectral characteristics of ground objects by the original image data of earth observation. Obviously, the decay or change of the on-orbit spectral performance of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads cannot realize their quantitative application value. Therefore, it is crucial and indispensable to regularly carry out on-orbit spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads.

[0032] At present, the on-orbit spectral calibration methods for hyperspectral payloads can be roughly divided into: on-orbit spectral calibration realized by the on-board calibration system carried by the remote sensing platform and alternative spectral calibration realized based on the observed atmospheric absorption and reflection characteristics. On-orbit spectral calibration can achieve long-term and stable monitoring of the spectral performance of hyperspectral payloads. However, the existing on-orbit spectral calibration methods have extremely high requirements for the payload, and some hyperspectral remote sensing platforms do not carry on-board calibration systems. In addition, over time, the components of the calibrator will gradually degrade, resulting in a decrease in spectral calibration accuracy. Therefore, it is particularly important to conduct research on alternative spectral calibration to monitor the changes in spectral performance. Alternative spectral calibration is based on the spectral characteristics of the solar Fraunhofer absorption lines or the atmospheric absorption channels, using the surface reflectance measured synchronously on the ground and the gas content parameters in the atmospheric absorption spectral bands, and simulating the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the hyperspectral payload and the observed channel radiance at the entrance pupil based on the atmospheric radiation transfer model to determine the spectral calibration parameters through spectral matching. However, the current method relies on the surface reflectance measured synchronously on the ground and the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral bands as inputs, and does not consider the impact of the estimation of atmospheric parameters in the atmospheric absorption channels on the spectral calibration accuracy.

[0033] In order to overcome the dependence of on-orbit spectral calibration of on-board hyperspectral payloads on ground synchronous observation data, the present invention proposes a method for on-orbit spectral calibration of on-board hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observation. This method takes into account the problem of dependence on surface reflectance and atmospheric absorption spectral band parameters in the actual calibration process. In the present invention, the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band is incorporated as a parameter to be inverted into the on-orbit spectral calibration process of the on-board hyperspectral payload, and a model for simultaneously estimating the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band and the spectral performance parameters of the hyperspectral payload is constructed. This method can effectively reduce the excessive dependence of the current on-orbit spectral calibration method for on-board hyperspectral payloads on ground synchronous observation data, and thus achieve on-orbit spectral calibration of on-board hyperspectral payloads and significantly increase the on-orbit spectral calibration frequency.

[0034] In view of the deficiencies of existing spectral calibration schemes, the present invention proposes a spectral calibration method for spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations. The core idea of this method is to perform spectral matching between the observed channel radiance values at the entrance pupil of the hyperspectral payload in the atmospheric absorption spectral band and the simulated channel radiance at the entrance pupil based on the atmospheric radiative transfer model through the establishment of a spectral calibration model, thereby accurately determining the central wavelength and the full width at half maximum. However, when simulating the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the hyperspectral payload based on the atmospheric radiative transfer model, it is necessary to use the atmospheric parameter content in the absorption spectral band provided by ground synchronous measurements or reanalysis data as input, which undoubtedly brings limitations to the high-frequency spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads. Due to the narrow spectral bands of hyperspectral payloads, on the one hand, the actual observed data of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads contain information on the atmospheric absorption gas content at the imaging moment, and on the other hand, spectral calibration is extremely sensitive to changes in the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band, which provides the possibility of making full use of the self-observed information of the hyperspectral payload during the spectral calibration process. Based on this, the present invention innovatively introduces the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band as an unknown parameter into the spectral calibration process to construct a spectral calibration model that simultaneously inversely calculates the gas content in the absorption spectral band and the spectral performance parameters by using the self-observed information of the hyperspectral payload. While ensuring high-precision spectral calibration, this method does not need to rely on ground synchronous observation data, fundamentally overcomes the problem of the limitation of traditional spectral calibration methods by ground measurement conditions, and improves the on-orbit autonomous calibration ability and application flexibility of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads. The present invention effectively solves the influence of the gas content in the absorption channel on the spectral calibration accuracy and provides a high-precision on-orbit spectral calibration scheme for hyperspectral payloads without the support of ground synchronous observations.

[0035] Optionally, the spectral calibration method for spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations in the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a server, or can be executed by a terminal device, or can also be jointly executed by the server and the terminal device. Taking the execution of the spectral calibration method for spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations in this embodiment by the server as an example.

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of the spectral calibration method for spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observations provided by the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following: Step 101, determine the spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present invention, a high-precision spaceborne multispectral payload is selected as the reference benchmark, and a large and uniform scene is selected as the calibration site.

[0038] Due to the significant differences in spatial resolution between the reference multispectral remote sensing image and the target hyperspectral remote sensing image, in order to reduce the calibration error caused by the spatial scale difference, the reference multispectral remote sensing image and the target hyperspectral remote sensing image are subjected to spatial scale normalization processing. Usually, the reference multispectral remote sensing image (coarse resolution) is resampled to the spatial resolution of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image (fine resolution) (aggregating the coarse resolution remote sensing image to the spatial resolution matching the target image), and then the reference multispectral remote sensing image and the target hyperspectral remote sensing image are registered in spatial position.

[0039] Considering the influence of the differences in the sun-observation angles between the reference multispectral payload and the target hyperspectral payload, it is necessary to establish the spectral matching factors for the corresponding multispectral bands between the reference multispectral payload and the target hyperspectral payload.

[0040] According to a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation, determining the spectral matching factors between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image includes: Based on the apparent reflectance of the th band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the apparent reflectance of the th band observed by the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image, determining the spectral matching factors between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the reference multispectral payload, where it includes: (1) Wherein, represents the apparent reflectance of the th band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the coefficient factor in the spectral matching factor of the th band, represents the apparent reflectance of the th band observed by the reference multispectral payload, represents the offset factor in the spectral matching factor of the th band.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present invention, the apparent reflectance data of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral remote sensing image are obtained, where the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral remote sensing image have been normalized in spatial resolution (such as by resampling or aggregation methods).

[0042] Select representative ground object samples (such as uniform surface areas) to ensure that the samples can be accurately extracted in both hyperspectral and multispectral images.

[0043] With the Apparent reflectance of the band is used as the independent variable, and the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is used as the dependent variable. According to the above formula (1), linear regression analysis is performed, and the proportional factor (coefficient factor) in the spectral matching factor is solved by the least squares method and the offset factor (offset factor) in the spectral matching factor .

[0044] Apply the obtained spectral matching factor to the band of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image, calculate the apparent reflectance after spectral matching, and repeat the above steps to perform spectral matching on all bands

[0045] Through the embodiments of the present invention, through the spectral matching factor, the spectral response difference between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the reference multispectral payload can be effectively eliminated, so that the apparent reflectance data of the two have consistent spectral characteristics

[0046] According to a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation, the expression of the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is as follows (2) The expression of the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload is as follows (3) Among them, represents the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the apparent reflectance of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload, and represent the starting wavelength and ending wavelength of the band observed by the reference multispectral payload, represents the reference multispectral payload, H represents the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the continuous spectrum of the apparent reflectance of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the continuous spectrum of the apparent reflectance of the reference multispectral payload, represents the spectral response function of the band of the reference multispectral payload, represents the wavelength

[0047] In the embodiments of the present invention, the continuous spectrum of the apparent reflectance of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload Apparent reflectance continuous spectrum with reference multispectral payload Set the surface reflectance from 0.1 to 0.5, with an interval of 0.1, and simulate it using an atmospheric radiative transfer model (such as MODTRAN or 6S).

[0048] For multiple groups and Perform linear fitting to calculate the spectral matching factors corresponding to the multispectral bands and .

[0049] Through the embodiments of the present invention, the apparent reflectance of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is converted into a value with the same spectral response characteristics as the apparent reflectance of the reference multispectral payload, thereby achieving spectral matching.

[0050] Step 102, based on the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes, construct the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload.

[0051] According to the above description, the core idea of the spectral calibration of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is to perform spectral matching between the channel radiance observation value at the entrance pupil of the hyperspectral payload in the atmospheric absorption spectral band and the channel radiance simulated based on the atmospheric radiative transfer model through establishing a spectral calibration model, so as to accurately determine the central wavelength and the full width at half maximum.

[0052] Assume that the spectral shape of the ground object of any pixel extracted from the remote sensing image obtained by the payload can be linearly combined by the apparent reflectances of three standard modes (water body standard mode, bare soil standard mode, vegetation standard mode) and an optional additional standard mode: (4) Wherein, Represents the apparent reflectance of the target ground object in the band, , , , respectively represent the water body standard mode coefficient, the bare soil standard mode coefficient, the vegetation standard mode coefficient and the additional standard mode coefficient, Represents the residual of the linear combination in the band, , , , respectively represent the formatted apparent reflectance (spectrum) of the water body standard mode in the band, the formatted apparent reflectance (spectrum) of the bare soil standard mode in the band, the formatted apparent reflectance (spectrum) of the vegetation standard mode in the band, and the formatted apparent reflectance (spectrum) of the additional standard mode in the Formatted apparent reflectance (spectrum) of the additional standard mode of the waveband.

[0053] A spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method independent of ground synchronous observation provided by the present invention, and multiple standard modes include: water body standard mode, bare soil standard mode, vegetation standard mode, and additional standard mode; Based on the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes, construct the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site for reference multispectral payload observation, including: Based on the coefficients of multiple standard modes and the formatted apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes, construct the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site for reference multispectral payload observation, where it includes: (5) Represents the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site for reference multispectral payload observation, Represents the water body standard mode coefficient, Represents the bare soil standard mode coefficient, Represents the vegetation standard mode coefficient, Represents the additional standard mode coefficient, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the water body standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the bare soil standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the vegetation standard mode, Represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the additional standard mode, Represents the residual of the linear combination; Represents the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes, Represents the weight coefficient matrix (i.e., the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction).

[0054] In some embodiments, according to the above formula (4), the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site for reference multispectral payload observation can be represented by the above formula (5), where Represents the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the n×1-dimensional calibration site for reference multispectral payload observation, and n is the number of channels of the reference multispectral payload; Is the apparent reflectance spectral matrix of the water body standard mode, bare soil standard mode, vegetation standard mode, and additional standard mode of the reference multispectral payload obtained by MODTRAN simulation (i.e., the apparent reflectance matrices of multiple standard modes), Represents the 4×1-dimensional weight coefficient matrix (i.e., the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction), , , And Are the formatted apparent reflectances of multiple standard modes of the reference multispectral payload obtained by MODTRAN simulation.

[0055] Through the embodiments of the present invention, through a linear mixing model, the actual apparent reflectance of the calibration site can be effectively reconstructed, and the spectral characteristics of complex ground objects can be simulated. By introducing a variety of standard models (such as water body standard model, bare soil standard model, vegetation standard model, and additional standard model), the spectral characteristics of complex ground objects can be better adapted.

[0056] According to a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation, the expression of the formatted apparent reflectance of multiple standard models is: (6) Wherein, represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the -th standard model in the k -th band of the reference multispectral payload, and represent the starting wavelength and ending wavelength of the -th band observed by the reference multispectral payload, is the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the k -th standard model, represents the spectral response function of the -th band of the reference multispectral payload, represents the wavelength.

[0057] Here, is obtained by simulating the surface reflectance-driven atmospheric radiation transfer model (such as MODTRAN or 6S) based on the water body standard model, bare soil standard model, vegetation standard model, and additional standard model. Among them, the bare soil surface reflectance comes from the historical measurement values of the calibration site as the reference input, while the surface reflectances of the water body standard model, vegetation standard model, and additional standard model come from a preset standard spectral database.

[0058] Through the embodiments of the present invention, considering that accurate gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band is required as input during the simulation process of hyperspectral apparent reflectance, and the existing methods rely on ground synchronous measurement, the present invention uses the historical statistical values of the calibration site as the initial value of the model simulation. During the spectral calibration process, by continuously adjusting the initial value, the hyperspectral apparent reflectance under different gas content conditions is simulated, which is used to construct a hyperspectral radiance spectral reconstruction model at the entrance pupil, and further supports the construction of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration model.

[0059] Step 103, based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix, determine the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the spectral matching factor calculated by formula (1) is combined with the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the corresponding calibration site (i.e., the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload) extracted from the reference multispectral remote sensing image. , the satellite-borne apparent reflectivity matrix of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload corresponding to the reference multispectral payload spectrum (i.e., the target hyperspectral payload apparent reflectivity matrix) can be calculated using the following formula: (7) in, The spaceborne apparent reflectance matrix representing the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed with reference to the multispectral payload, represents the coefficient factor (scaling factor) of the spectral matching factor, Indicates the offset factor of the spectral matching factor.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, formula (5) and formula (7) are combined and the combined formula is solved by the least square method to calculate the weight coefficient matrix of spectrum reconstruction. The calculation formula is as follows: (8) in, represents the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction, Represents the apparent reflectance matrix of various standard modes, Represents the transposed matrix of the apparent reflectance matrix of various standard modes, The spaceborne apparent reflectance matrix representing the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, is the derivative of the slope of the spectral matching factor corresponding to the multispectral band (i.e. the derivative of the coefficient factor in the spectral matching factor), Indicates the offset factor of the spectral matching factor.

[0062] Step 104: construct the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix.

[0063] Among them, the hyperspectral apparent reflectivity of multiple standard modes is obtained by simulating the atmospheric radiation transfer model based on the gas content in the historical atmospheric absorption spectrum.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight coefficient matrix of spectral reconstruction calculated based on formula (8) is as follows: The hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes (water body standard mode, bare soil standard mode, vegetation standard mode and additional standard mode) obtained by simulating the atmospheric radiation transfer model , the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site can be constructed using the following formula.

[0065] (9) Among them, represents the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site, represents the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes, represents the weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction, represents the residual of the linear combination.

[0066] Step 105: Perform a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload.

[0067] On this basis, assuming that the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload conforms to the Gaussian distribution of formula (10), the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site constructed by formula (9) can be convolved with formula (10), and the apparent reflectance of each band of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload can be calculated based on formula (11) , and converted into the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload according to formula (11) .

[0068] (10) Among them, represents the spectral response function of the th band of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the wavelength, represents the th band center wavelength, represents the wavelength offset, represents the th band full width at half maximum (FWHM), represents the FWHM offset, represents the core part of the Gaussian function.

[0069] (11) (12) Among them, represents the apparent reflectance of each band (the th band) of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, represents the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site, represents the spectral response function of the th band of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, and represents the The starting wavelength and the ending wavelength of the band represents the wavelength represents the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload for the represents the solar irradiance of the represents the cosine value of the solar zenith angle represents the Earth - sun distance

[0070] Step 106: Perform spectral normalization on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, and establish an on - orbit spectral calibration model for the spaceborne hyperspectral payload

[0071] The channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload in the atmospheric absorption spectral band simulated based on formula (12) and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload , and after performing spectral normalization (NODD) on and respectively, establish an on - orbit spectral calibration model for the spaceborne hyperspectral payload

[0072] According to a method for spectral calibration of a spaceborne hyperspectral payload without relying on ground synchronous observations provided by the present invention, the expression for establishing an on - orbit spectral calibration model by performing spectral normalization on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload is as follows (13) where represents the cost function for spectral calibration of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload represents the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band represents the wavelength offset represents the change in spectral bandwidth represents the total number of bands around the atmospheric absorption spectral band participating in spectral calibration represents the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload for the represents the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload for the

[0073] Use an optimization algorithm to perform non - linear optimization and solution on formula (12). During the solution process, continuously adjust the spectral performance parameters of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band to calculate the simulated value of the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload. When the cost function reaches the optimal solution, the central wavelength offset and the full - width at half - maximum offset of the hyperspectral payload can be obtained, and at the same time, the gas content value in the atmospheric absorption spectral band is output

[0074] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the technical process of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation. Among them, it includes: obtaining reference multispectral remote sensing images and target hyperspectral remote sensing images, spatial geographic location registration / spectral matching and correction, hyperspectral pupil (channel) radiance spectral reconstruction model, simulated value of the channel radiance at the pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing payload, observed value of the channel radiance at the pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing payload, NODD processing (normalization processing), spectral calibration model, judging the optimal solution of the model. If not, then adjust the central wavelength / half-wave width / gas content, initial spectral response function and initial value of the absorption gas content. If so, then obtain spectral calibration parameters / gas content. Among them, the specific process can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0075] Traditional spectral calibration methods need to rely on the surface reflectance measured synchronously on the ground and the gas content parameters in the atmospheric absorption spectral band, and are extremely sensitive to the change of gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band. However, in the actual calibration process, there are often problems that these parameters cannot be measured synchronously. The present invention breaks through this limitation and can achieve on-orbit spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads without relying on synchronous measurement of surface reflectance and gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band on the ground.

[0076] The present invention proposes a spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method that does not rely on ground synchronous observation. Considering the problem of dependence on surface reflectance and parameters in the atmospheric absorption spectral band in the actual calibration process, the present invention incorporates the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band as a parameter to be inverted into the on-orbit spectral calibration process of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, and constructs a model for simultaneously estimating the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band and the spectral performance parameters of the hyperspectral payload. This method can effectively reduce the excessive dependence of the current on-orbit spectral calibration method of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads on ground synchronous observation data, reduce the influence of the change of gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band on spectral calibration, and can maintain a high calibration accuracy and significantly improve the on-orbit spectral calibration frequency under a wider range of application conditions compared with traditional methods.

[0077] The following describes the spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation. The spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device described below can be correspondingly referred to the spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method described above.

[0078] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the modules of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation.

[0079] A matching module 301, configured to determine a spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; A construction module 302, configured to construct an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on a plurality of standard mode apparent reflectance matrices; A reconstruction module 303, configured to determine a weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix; The above-mentioned construction module 302 is further configured to construct a hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectances of a plurality of standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, wherein the hyperspectral apparent reflectances of the plurality of standard modes are obtained by simulating historical atmospheric absorption spectral band gas contents through an atmospheric radiation transfer model; A convolution module 304, configured to perform a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload; A calibration module 305, configured to perform spectral normalization processing on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload, and establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model for the spaceborne hyperspectral payload.

[0080] Specifically, the spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device provided by the present invention that does not rely on ground synchronous observation can implement all the method steps implemented by the above-mentioned spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration method embodiment that does not rely on ground synchronous observation, and can achieve the same technical effects. The same parts and beneficial effects as those in the method embodiment in this embodiment will not be specifically described herein.

[0081] Figure 4 It is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communications interface 420, a memory 430, and a communication bus 440. Among them, the processor 410, the communications interface 420, and the memory 430 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 440. The processor 410 may call the logical instructions in the memory 430 to execute a spectral calibration method for an on-orbit hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation. The method includes: determining a spectral matching factor between the on-orbit hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; constructing an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on multiple standard mode apparent reflectance matrices; determining a weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix; constructing a hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, where the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes is obtained by simulating the historical atmospheric absorption spectral band gas content through an atmospheric radiative transfer model; performing a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the on-orbit hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the on-orbit hyperspectral payload; performing spectral normalization processing on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the on-orbit hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the on-orbit hyperspectral payload to establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model for the on-orbit hyperspectral payload.

[0082] In addition, when the logical instructions in the above-mentioned memory 430 can be implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as an independent product, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0083] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the on-orbit spectral calibration method of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation provided by the above-mentioned various methods. The method includes: determining a spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; constructing an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on multiple standard mode apparent reflectance matrices; determining a weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix; constructing a hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, wherein the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes is simulated by an atmospheric radiation transfer model based on the historical gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band; performing a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload; performing spectral normalization processing on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload to establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model for the spaceborne hyperspectral payload.

[0084] On another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it realizes the on-orbit spectral calibration method of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload that does not rely on ground synchronous observation provided by the above-mentioned various methods. The method includes: determining a spectral matching factor between the spaceborne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; constructing an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload based on multiple standard mode apparent reflectance matrices; determining a weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix; constructing a hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, wherein the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes is simulated by an atmospheric radiation transfer model based on the historical gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectral band; performing a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload; performing spectral normalization processing on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload and the actual observed value at the entrance pupil of the spaceborne hyperspectral payload to establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model for the spaceborne hyperspectral payload.

[0085] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative work.

[0086] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for spectral calibration of spaceborne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on synchronous ground observations, characterized in that: include: Determine a spectral matching factor between the onboard hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image; Based on multiple standard mode apparent reflectance matrices, constructing an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site of the reference multispectral load observation; Determining a weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix; Based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site is constructed, wherein the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the multiple standard modes is obtained by simulating the gas content of the historical atmospheric absorption spectrum through an atmospheric radiation transmission model; A convolution operation is performed based on the spectral response function of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload; The channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload and the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload are spectrally normalized to establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model for the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload.

2. The method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads independent of ground-based synchronous observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining a spectral matching factor between the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload of the target hyperspectral remote sensing image and the reference multispectral payload of the reference multispectral remote sensing image comprises: The first satellite-borne hyperspectral payload observation based on target hyperspectral remote sensing images The apparent reflectance of the band is compared with the reference multispectral payload observation of the reference multispectral remote sensing image. The apparent reflectance of the band is used to determine the spectral matching factor between the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload and the reference multispectral payload, which includes: ； in, represents the number of observations made by the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload The apparent reflectance of the band, Indicates The coefficient factor in the spectral matching factor of the band, represents the reference multi-spectral payload observation The apparent reflectance of the band, Indicates The offset factor in the spectral matching factor of the band.

3. The method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads independent of ground synchronous observation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The satellite-borne hyperspectral payload observed The expression of the apparent reflectance of the band is: ； The reference multi-spectral payload observation The expression of the apparent reflectance of the band is: ； in, represents the number of observations made by the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload The apparent reflectance of the band, represents the reference multi-spectral payload observation The apparent reflectance of the band, and represent the reference multi-spectral payload observation The starting and ending wavelengths of the band, represents the reference multispectral payload, H represents the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload, represents the apparent reflectance continuous spectrum of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload, represents the apparent reflectance continuous spectrum of the reference multispectral loading, represents the reference multi-spectral payload The spectral response function of the band, Indicates wavelength.

4. The method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads independent of ground-based synchronous observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple standard modes include: water body standard mode, bare soil standard mode, vegetation standard mode and additional standard mode; The actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site based on the multiple standard mode apparent reflectance matrices is constructed with reference to the multi-spectral load observation, including: Based on the multiple standard mode coefficients and the formatted apparent reflectances of the multiple standard modes, an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site of the reference multispectral load observation is constructed, which includes: ； represents the actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site observed by the reference multispectral payload, represents the standard model coefficient of water body, represents the bare soil standard model coefficient, represents the vegetation standard model coefficient, represents the additional standard mode coefficient, represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the water body standard model, represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the bare soil standard model, represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the vegetation standard model, represents the formatted apparent reflectance of the additional standard mode, represents the residual of the linear combination.

5. The method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads independent of ground synchronous observation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The expressions of the formatted apparent reflectance of the multiple standard modes are: ； in, represents the reference multi-spectral payload Band No. k The formatted apparent reflectance of the standard mode, and represents the reference multi-spectral payload observation The starting and ending wavelengths of the band, It is k Hyperspectral apparent reflectance of standard modes, represents the reference multi-spectral payload The spectral response function of the band, Indicates wavelength.

6. The method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads independent of ground-based synchronous observation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload is subjected to spectral normalization processing with the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload, and the expression for establishing the on-orbit spectral calibration model of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload is: ； in, represents the cost function of the calibration of the onboard hyperspectral payload, Indicates the gas content in the atmospheric absorption spectrum. represents the wavelength shift, represents the change in spectral bandwidth, Indicates the total number of bands around the atmospheric absorption band involved in spectral calibration, Indicates The channel radiance of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload at the entrance pupil in each band, Indicates The actual observation values ​​of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload at the entrance pupil of each band.

7. A spaceborne hyperspectral payload spectral calibration device that does not rely on ground synchronous observation, characterized in that: include: A matching module, for determining a spectral matching factor between a satellite-borne hyperspectral payload of a target hyperspectral remote sensing image and a reference multispectral payload of a reference multispectral remote sensing image; A construction module, for constructing an actual apparent reflectance matrix of the calibration site of the reference multi-spectral load observation based on a plurality of standard mode apparent reflectance matrices; A reconstruction module, used to determine a weight coefficient matrix for spectral reconstruction based on the spectral matching factor and the actual apparent reflectance matrix; The construction module is further used to construct the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site based on the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of multiple standard modes and the weight coefficient matrix, wherein the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the multiple standard modes is obtained by simulating the gas content of the historical atmospheric absorption spectrum through an atmospheric radiation transmission model; A convolution module, configured to perform a convolution operation based on the spectral response function of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload and the hyperspectral apparent reflectance of the calibration site to obtain the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload; The calibration module is used to perform spectral normalization processing on the channel radiance at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload and the actual observation value at the entrance pupil of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload, and establish an on-orbit spectral calibration model of the satellite-borne hyperspectral payload.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads that is independent of ground synchronous observations as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observation is implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for spectral calibration of satellite-borne hyperspectral payloads that does not rely on ground synchronous observation is implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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