Railway vehicle sanding rack test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway vehicle sanding rack test device and test method, and belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle sanding tests. The test device comprises a rack for bearing a gear box, a steel frame arranged at the top end of the gear box, wheels hoisted at the two ends of the steel frame, and a sand box arranged at the end part of the steel frame, the interior of the gearbox is connected with wheels through a transmission device. The rotary input motor is arranged at one end of the gearbox and drives the gearbox to drive the steel frame to rotate; the slip frequency input motor is arranged at the other end of the gear box and drives the wheels to rotate through a transmission device, so that slip frequency between wheel rails is generated; wherein the top end of the rack is horizontally and fixedly connected with an annular track which is in contact with a wheel and corresponds to the lower part of the wheel, so that the sand box sprays sand to the annular track in front of the running wheel, and a sanding tackifying test of a railway vehicle under the condition that oil and water pollutants exist between wheel rails is simulated; the device can simulate the actual working state of sanding and tackifying between wheel rails of a real vehicle, and has the beneficial effect of real and reliable test result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle sanding tests, and particularly to a rail vehicle sanding bench test device and a test method. Background Art

[0002] When a rail vehicle runs on a rail surface contaminated by oil, water, or in rainy, snowy, or humid conditions, the adhesion force that can be provided between the wheel and the rail is limited, which restricts the maximum braking force or traction force that the vehicle can apply. In this case, rail vehicles generally use the method of sanding onto the wheel-rail contact interface to improve wheel-rail adhesion. Therefore, conducting vehicle sanding bench tests is an important means to study sanding for adhesion increase;

[0003] Currently, most existing wheel-rail simulation test benches adopt the type of double-disk rolling of the rail wheel and the vehicle wheel. The rotation of the rail wheel seriously interferes with the normal distribution of pollutants such as oil and water between the wheel and the rail, making it difficult to simulate the actual working state of sanding for adhesion increase between the real vehicle wheel and the rail, and even more unable to simulate the running characteristics of multiple vehicle wheels passing through the same point on the rail. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, and provide a rail vehicle sanding bench test device and a test method, which are used to solve the problem that the test bench in the prior art cannot simulate the actual working state of sanding for adhesion increase between the real vehicle wheel and the rail.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rail vehicle sanding bench test device disclosed by the present invention includes:

[0007] A frame for carrying a gearbox, a steel frame installed at the top of the gearbox, wheels hoisted at both ends of the steel frame, and a sand box arranged at the end of the steel frame;

[0008] The inside of the gearbox is connected to the wheels through a transmission device; and further includes

[0009] A rotary input motor arranged at one end of the gearbox to drive the gearbox to drive the steel frame to rotate; and

[0010] A slip input motor arranged at the other end of the gearbox to drive the wheels to rotate through the transmission device, so as to generate a slip between the wheel and the rail;

[0011] Wherein, a circular track for contacting with the wheels is horizontally and fixedly connected to the top of the frame corresponding to the lower part of the wheels, so that the sand box sprays sand onto the circular track in front of the running wheels, simulating the sanding for adhesion increase test of a rail vehicle under the condition of oil and water pollutants between the wheel and the rail.

[0012] Further, the annular track is configured as a closed torus, and the track surface of the annular track faces upward.

[0013] Further, a torque meter is further included. The torque meter is arranged between the wheel and the gearbox and is used for measuring the tangential force between the wheel and the rail.

[0014] Further, cylinders are arranged at both ends of the steel frame corresponding to the positions of the wheels, and pressure sensors are arranged between the wheels and the cylinders for measuring the vertical force between the wheel and the rail.

[0015] Further, a fixed base is further included at the bottom of the frame, and the rotary input motor, the slip input motor, the gearbox, and the frame are installed on the fixed base.

[0016] Further, a compressed air pipeline is connected to the upper part of the sand box, and a sand spraying pipe is connected to the lower part of the sand box.

[0017] Further, a throttle valve is connected in series in the sand spraying pipe.

[0018] A method for testing a sand spraying bench of a rail vehicle disclosed by the present invention uses the above-mentioned test device for a sand spraying bench of a rail vehicle. The method includes the following steps:

[0019] Step S1: Load sand into the sand box and evenly apply oil and water pollutants on the annular track;

[0020] Step S2: Keep the slip input motor stopped, drive the rotary input motor to accelerate to the set test speed, and then drive the slip input motor to keep the slip between the wheel and the rail constant after reaching the set value;

[0021] Step S3: Control the compressed air pressure and the opening degree of the throttle valve to make the sand spray onto the annular track at the set particle density for the test;

[0022] Step S4: Calculate the adhesion coefficient between the wheel and the rail according to the tangential force between the wheel and the rail collected by the torque meter and the vertical force between the wheel and the rail collected by the pressure sensor. The adhesion coefficient is equal to the tangential force divided by the vertical force;

[0023] Step S5: After reaching the set sand spraying duration, close the throttle valve to stop sand spraying, and the slip input motor and the rotary input motor are successively decelerated to zero, and a sand spraying and adhesion increasing test is ended.

[0024] Further, in step S6, calculate the time for the wheel to rotate one week around the annular track according to the set test speed in step S2, analyze the axial decay law of the sand spraying and adhesion increasing effect in combination with the change data of the adhesion coefficient over time, and summarize the empirical formula of the adhesion coefficient at different positions of multiple wheels of the train under this working condition.

[0025] In the above technical solution, a sand spraying bench test device and a test method for rail vehicles provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] In the sand spraying bench test device designed by the present invention, since the circular track is fixed, the distribution state of rail surface pollutants such as oil and water is consistent with the actual situation. During the sand spraying process, the particle density of the sand falling on the track is measurable and controllable, overcoming the disadvantage of the double-disk rolling sand spraying test device being difficult to conduct quantitative tests. The test results are true and reliable, and it can simulate the actual working state of sand spraying and viscosity increase between the real wheels and the rail, avoiding the high cost, low efficiency, and safety problems of in-vehicle line tests.

[0027] This sand spraying bench test device can simulate the wheel-rail sand spraying and viscosity increase effects under different rail surface medium conditions, different test speeds, different sand spraying amounts, different sand particle sizes, etc., and obtain the change rules of the viscosity increase effects at different positions of multiple wheels of the train, which is beneficial to improving the adhesion utilization of rail vehicles and ensuring the safety and efficiency of rail vehicle operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is the front view of a sand spraying bench test device for rail vehicles disclosed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is the top view of a sand spraying bench test device for rail vehicles disclosed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is the schematic flow chart of a sand spraying bench test method for rail vehicles disclosed by the present invention.

[0032] Description of the reference numerals:

[0033] Fixed base 1, Rotary input motor 2, Sand spraying pipe 3, Throttle valve 4, Sand box 5, Compressed air pipeline 6, Steel frame 7, Gear box 8, Torque meter 9, Cylinder 10, Pressure sensor 11, Wheel 12, Frame 13, Circular track 14, Slip input motor 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will further introduce the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

[0035] See Figure 1 、 2 as shown;

[0036] An experimental device for a sand-spreading platform of a rail vehicle is invented, including:

[0037] A frame 13 for carrying a gearbox 8, a steel frame 7 installed at the top end of the gearbox 8, wheels 12 hoisted at both ends of the steel frame 7, and a sand box 5 arranged at the end of the steel frame 7;

[0038] The interior of the gearbox 8 is connected to the wheels 12 through a transmission device; it also includes

[0039] A rotary input motor 2 arranged at one end of the gearbox 8 to drive the gearbox 8 to drive the steel frame 7 to rotate, and a slip input motor 15 arranged at the other end of the gearbox 8 to drive the wheels 12 to rotate through a transmission device, that is, the wheels 12 are rotated by the slip input motor 15, and a slip between the wheel and the rail is generated;

[0040] Among them, a circular track 14 for contacting the wheels 12 is horizontally fixedly connected to the top end of the frame 13 corresponding to the lower part of the wheels 12, so that the sand box 5 sprays sand onto the circular track 14 in front of the running direction of the wheels 12, simulating the sand-spreading and viscosity-increasing test of a rail vehicle under the condition of oil and water pollutants between the wheel and the rail.

[0041] See Figure 2 As shown, the circular track 14 is constructed as a closed toroid, and the track surface of the circular track 14 faces upward, thus truly and effectively simulating the running track.

[0042] Preferably, the experimental device further includes a torque meter 9, and a torque meter 9 is arranged between the wheels 12 and the gearbox 8 for measuring the tangential force between the wheel and the rail.

[0043] Preferably, cylinders 10 are arranged at both ends of the steel frame 7 corresponding to the positions of the wheels 12, and pressure sensors are arranged between the wheels 12 and the cylinders 10 for measuring the vertical force between the wheel and the rail.

[0044] Specifically, for this experimental device, it uses a fixed circular track 14 to simulate the running track. During operation, the rotary input motor 2 drives the gearbox 8 and the steel frame 7 to rotate, driving the wheels 12 to rotate along the circular track 14. The slip input motor 15 drives the wheels 12 to rotate and generates a slip between the wheel and the rail. The sand box 5 is arranged at one end of the steel frame. The sand in the sand box 5 can be sprayed onto the circular track 14 in front of the running direction of the wheels 12 through a throttle valve 4 and a sand-spreading pipe 3 under the action of compressed air. A torque meter 9 is arranged between the wheels 12 and the gearbox 8 for measuring the tangential force between the wheel and the rail, and pressure sensors are arranged between the wheels and the cylinders for measuring the vertical force between the wheel and the rail. By controlling the compressed air pressure and the opening degree of the throttle valve 4, the particle density of the sand falling on the track surface during the sand-spreading process is adjusted, realizing the sand-spreading and viscosity-increasing test of a rail vehicle under the condition of oil and water pollutants between the wheel and the rail.

[0045] Preferably, the experimental device further includes a fixed base 1 disposed at the bottom of the frame 13, and the rotary input motor 2, the slip input motor 15, the gearbox 8, and the frame 13 are installed on the fixed base 1.

[0046] Specifically, the rotary input motor 2, the slip input motor 15, the gearbox 8, and the frame 13 are installed on the fixed base 1. The rotary input motor 2 and the slip input motor 15 are connected to the gearbox 8. The steel frame 7 is fixed on the top of the gearbox 8. Wheels 12 are respectively installed at both ends of the steel frame 7. The wheels 12 are connected to the gearbox 8 through the torque meter 9. A fixed annular track 14 is provided on the upper part of the frame 13 for the wheels 12 to run on the track 14, and pollutants such as oil and water are evenly distributed on the track.

[0047] During operation, the rotary input motor 2 drives the gearbox 8 to rotate through the transmission device inside the gearbox 8, and then drives the wheels 12 to rotate on the annular track 14. The slip input motor 15 drives the wheels 12 to rotate through the transmission device inside the gearbox 8 and generates a slip between the wheel and the rail.

[0048] Preferably, a compressed air pipeline 6 is connected to the upper part of the sand box 5. The compressed air pipeline 6 is connected to an external air compression device to provide compressed air. A sand spraying pipe 3 is connected to the lower part of the sand box 5. The sand can be sprayed onto the annular track 14 in front of the running wheels 12 through the throttle valve 4 and the sand spraying pipe 3 under the action of the compressed air.

[0049] Among them, a throttle valve 4 is connected in series in the sand spraying pipe 3, and the particle density of the sand falling on the rail surface during the sand spraying process is adjusted by controlling the compressed air pressure and the opening of the throttle valve 4.

[0050] See Figure 3 as shown in

[0051] An invention relates to a test method for a sand spraying bench of a rail vehicle, which uses the above-mentioned test device for the sand spraying bench of the rail vehicle. Among them, the method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S1, load sand into the sand box 5 and evenly apply oil and water pollutants on the annular track 14.

[0053] Step S2, keep the slip input motor 15 stopped, drive the rotary input motor 2 to accelerate to the set test speed, and then drive the slip input motor 15 to keep the slip between the wheel and the rail constant after reaching the set value.

[0054] Step S3, control the compressed air pressure and the opening of the throttle valve 4 to make the sand be sprayed onto the annular track 14 at the test-set particle density.

[0055] Step S4: Calculate the adhesion coefficient between the wheel and the rail based on the tangential force between the wheel and the rail collected by the torque meter 9 and the vertical force between the wheel and the rail collected by the pressure sensor 11. The adhesion coefficient is equal to the tangential force divided by the vertical force.

[0056] Step S5: After reaching the set sand spraying duration, close the throttle valve 4 to stop sand spraying. The slip input motor and the rotary input motor are successively decelerated to zero, and the first sand spraying adhesion increasing test ends.

[0057] Step S6: Calculate the time for the wheel 12 to rotate one week around the annular track 14 according to the set test speed in Step S2. Combine the data analysis of the change of the adhesion coefficient with time to analyze the axial decay law of the sand spraying adhesion increasing effect, and summarize the empirical formula of the adhesion coefficient at different positions of multiple wheels of the train under this working condition.

[0058] In the above technical solution, a sand spraying bench test device and test method for a rail vehicle provided by the present invention are such that the rotary input motor 2 drives the gearbox 8 and the steel frame 7 to rotate. Wheels 12 are installed at both ends of the steel frame 7. The wheels 12 rotate on the annular track 14. The slip input motor 15 drives the wheels 12 to rotate through the transmission device inside the gearbox 8 and generates a slip between the wheel and the rail. A sand box 5 is provided at one end of the steel frame 7. The sand in the sand box 5 can be sprayed onto the track in front of the running wheels 12 through the throttle valve 4 and the sand spraying pipe 3 under the action of compressed air. The annular track of this test device is fixed, and the wheels 12 continuously rotate on the annular track 14. The medium distribution between the wheel and the rail is the same as the actual situation, which can truly simulate the working state of the wheels 12 and the running rail. The particle density of sand spraying during the test is measurable and controllable. The test results are true and reliable. It can simulate the actual working state of sand spraying adhesion increasing between the real wheels and the rail, and obtain the change law of the adhesion increasing effect with different positions of multiple wheels of the train.

[0059] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration above. Undoubtedly, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device, characterized in that: include: A frame (13) carrying a gear box (8), a steel frame (7) mounted on the top of the gear box (8), wheels (12) hoisted at both ends of the steel frame (7), and a sand box (5) arranged at the end of the steel frame (7); The gear box (8) is connected to the wheel (12) via a transmission device; and A rotary input motor (2) disposed at one end of the gear box (8) and driving the gear box (8) to drive the steel frame (7) to rotate; and A slip input motor (15) is arranged at the other end of the gear box (8) and drives the wheel (12) to rotate through the transmission device so as to generate a slip between the wheel and the rail; The top of the frame (13) is horizontally fixedly connected to a circular track (14) for contacting the wheel (12) below the wheel (12), so that the sand box (5) sprays sand onto the circular track (14) in front of the wheel (12), simulating a sand-spreading and viscosity-increasing test of a rail vehicle under the condition that there are oil and water pollutants between the wheel and the rail.

2. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device according to claim 1, characterized in that ； The annular track (14) is constructed as a closed annular body, and the track surface of the annular track (14) faces upward.

3. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device according to claim 1, characterized in that ； It also comprises a torque meter (9), which is arranged between the wheel (12) and the gear box (8) and is used to measure the tangential force between the wheel and the rail.

4. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device according to claim 1, characterized in that; Cylinders (10) are arranged at both ends of the steel frame (7) at positions corresponding to the wheels (12), and a pressure sensor is arranged between the wheels (12) and the cylinders (10) for measuring the vertical force between the wheel and the rail.

5. The rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device according to claim 1, characterized in that ； It also includes a fixed base (1) arranged at the bottom of the frame (13), and the rotary input motor (2), the slip input motor (15), the gear box (8), and the frame (13) are installed on the fixed base (1).

6. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device according to claim 1, characterized in that; The upper part of the sand box (5) is connected to a compressed air pipeline (6), and the lower part of the sand box (5) is connected to a sand spreading pipe (3).

7. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device according to claim 6, characterized in that ； A throttle valve (4) is connected in series in the sand spreading pipe (3).

8. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test method, using a rail vehicle sand spreading bench test device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, putting sand into the sand box (5), and evenly applying oil and water pollutants on the circular track (14); Step S2, keeping the slip input motor (15) stopped, driving the rotary input motor (2) to accelerate to a set test speed, and then driving the slip input motor (15) to make the slip between the wheel and the rail reach a set value and then remain constant; Step S3, controlling the compressed air pressure and the opening of the throttle valve (4) so ​​that the sand is sprayed onto the circular track (14) at a particle density set in the test; Step S4, calculating the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient based on the wheel-rail tangential force acquired by the torque meter (9) and the wheel-rail vertical force acquired by the pressure sensor (11), wherein the adhesion coefficient is equal to the tangential force divided by the vertical force; Step S5, after reaching the set sand spreading time, the throttle valve (4) is closed to stop sand spreading, and the slip input motor and the rotary input motor are decelerated to zero successively, and a sand spreading and viscosity enhancement test is completed.

9. A rail vehicle sand spreading bench test method according to claim 8, characterized in that ； Step S6, calculating the time it takes for the wheel (12) to rotate around the circular track (14) one circle according to the set test speed in step S2, analyzing the axle-to-axle decay law of the adhesion enhancement effect of sand spreading in combination with the data of the adhesion coefficient changing over time, and summarizing the empirical formula of the adhesion coefficient at different positions of multiple wheels when the train is running under this working condition.

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