Fuel cell system and cooperative control method and controller thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly provides a fuel cell system and a cooperative control method and a controller thereof. The method comprises the following steps: determining a health degree evaluation value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system; according to the health degree evaluation value of each fuel cell and a fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, screening at least one to-be-called fuel cell from each fuel cell; and calling each screened fuel cell to be called. According to the method, in the process of calling the fuel cells in the fuel cell system, the fuel cell health degree evaluation value capable of reflecting the fuel cell health degree and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm capable of reflecting the operation cost are combined, and therefore efficient calling of the fuel cells in the fuel cell system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly to a fuel cell system, a cooperative control method thereof, and a controller. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of technology, the requirement for power supply stability is also getting higher and higher. When power is supplied by a single fuel cell, there may be problems with insufficient stability. Therefore, an important development direction in the field of fuel cells is to supply power externally by connecting multiple fuel cells in parallel to form a fuel cell system.

[0003] Since there are multiple fuel cells connected in parallel in a fuel cell system, and the performance of these fuel cells varies from each other, how to efficiently and stably control these fuel cells to supply power externally is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system, a cooperative control method thereof, and a controller, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art to a certain extent.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell cooperative control method based on a fuel cell system, and the method includes:

[0007] Determine the health assessment value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system;

[0008] According to the health assessment value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, screen out at least one fuel cell to be called from each fuel cell;

[0009] Call each of the screened fuel cells to be called.

[0010] Preferably, the method further includes:

[0011] Determine the power generation power of each fuel cell to be called according to the health assessment value of each fuel cell to be called.

[0012] Preferably, determining the power generation power of each fuel cell to be called according to the health assessment value of each fuel cell to be called specifically includes determining the power generation power of each fuel cell to be called through the following formula:

[0013] ;

[0014] Wherein: is the power generation power of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the total required power of the fuel cell system; n is the total number of fuel cells to be called; is the health assessment value of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the weight coefficient corresponding to the health assessment value of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the health assessment value of the j-th fuel cell to be called; is the weight coefficient corresponding to the health assessment value of the j-th fuel cell to be called.

[0015] Preferably, determining the health assessment values of the fuel cells in the fuel cell system specifically includes:

[0016] Obtain the actual maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell, where the actual maximum operating parameters are used to characterize the actual power output capacity of the corresponding fuel cell;

[0017] Determine the health assessment values of each fuel cell according to the actual maximum operating parameters and the theoretical maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell.

[0018] Preferably, determining the health assessment values of each fuel cell according to the actual maximum operating parameters and the theoretical maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell specifically includes:

[0019] Respectively, take the quotient obtained by dividing the actual maximum operating parameter of each fuel cell by the theoretical maximum operating parameter as the health assessment value of each fuel cell.

[0020] Preferably, the actual maximum operating parameter is specifically the actual maximum output power, and the theoretical maximum operating parameter is specifically the initial rated output power; or,

[0021] The actual maximum operating parameter is specifically the actual maximum output voltage, and the theoretical maximum operating parameter is specifically the initial rated output voltage.

[0022] Preferably, before screening at least one fuel cell to be called from each fuel cell according to the health assessment value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, the method further includes:

[0023] Screen out multiple candidate fuel cells with health assessment values greater than a preset threshold from each fuel cell in the fuel cell system; and,

[0024] Screening at least one fuel cell to be called from each fuel cell according to the health assessment value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm specifically includes:

[0025] Based on the health assessment values of each candidate fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, at least one fuel cell to be called is selected from each candidate fuel cell.

[0026] Preferably, based on the health assessment values of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, at least one fuel cell to be called is selected from each fuel cell, specifically including:

[0027] According to the total required power of the fuel cell system, a variety of fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total required power are determined. Among them, at least one of the required fuel cells and the number of required fuel cells is different between various fuel cell startup combinations;

[0028] For each fuel cell startup combination respectively, substitute the health assessment values of each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination;

[0029] Select the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost, and determine each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost as the fuel cell to be called.

[0030] Preferably, substitute the health assessment values of each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination, specifically including substituting the health assessment values of each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination into the following calculation formula to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination:

[0031] ;

[0032] Where Q is the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination; is the health assessment value of the mth fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination; N is each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination; is the unit operating cost of the mth fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination.

[0033] This application also provides a controller, which uses the fuel cell cooperative control method based on the fuel cell system provided in the embodiments of this application to perform cooperative control on each fuel cell in the fuel cell system.

[0034] This application also provides a fuel cell system, which includes a plurality of parallel fuel cells and the controller provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Based on the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] Adopt the fuel cell collaborative control method based on the fuel cell system provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method includes first determining the health assessment values of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system, then screening at least one fuel cell to be called from each fuel cell according to the health assessment values of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, and then calling each screened fuel cell to be called. During the process of calling the fuel cells in the fuel cell system, this method combines the health assessment value of the fuel cell that can reflect the health degree of the fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm that can reflect the operating cost, so as to realize the efficient call of the fuel cells in the fuel cell system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a specific structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell system provided by the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a specific process schematic diagram of the fuel cell collaborative control method based on the fuel cell system provided by the present application. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0039] The following further elaborates on the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arranged", "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0042] As described above, since there are multiple parallel fuel cells in the fuel cell system and there are differences in the performance of these fuel cells, how to efficiently and stably control these fuel cells to supply power externally is a problem to be solved.

[0043] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell system, a collaborative control method and a controller thereof, which can be used to perform collaborative control on multiple parallel fuel cells in the fuel cell system, so that it can supply power externally better, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.

[0044] For the convenience of understanding, the structure of the fuel cell system provided by the embodiments of the present application can be briefly described here, as Figure 1 shown in the specific structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell system 10. The fuel cell system 10 includes M parallel fuel cells 12. Among them, the M fuel cells 12 are connected in parallel with each other. Of course, the fuel cell system 10 may also include a secondary battery 11 (such as a lithium battery), and each fuel cell 12 can be connected to the secondary battery 11, so as to facilitate power supply to the secondary battery 11. For example, when the power of the secondary battery 11 is insufficient, the fuel cell 12 can supply power to the secondary battery 11 so that the secondary battery 11 can be charged. Among them, M is a positive integer greater than 1. For example, N can be 2, 3, 4, 5 or other positive integers.

[0045] In addition, the fuel cell system 10 may further include an energy storage inverter 13. Each fuel cell 12 and the secondary battery 11 are connected to the energy storage inverter 13, so that electrical energy can be output to external devices through the energy storage inverter 13. That is to say, the energy storage inverter 13 can output the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell 12 to the outside, and can also output the electrical energy stored in the secondary battery 11 to the outside.

[0046] Of course, the fuel cell system 10 may further include a fuel cell system, other core components, and other auxiliary components, etc. The fuel cell system includes an air compressor, a humidifier, a hydrogen circulation pump, etc. in the fuel cell. Other core components may include components such as a fuel cell stack in the fuel cell. Of course, other auxiliary components may include, for example, the housing of the fuel cell. Among them, during the operation of the fuel cell in the fuel cell system 10, the fuel cell system and other core components may cause internal power losses, while other auxiliary components are not likely to cause internal power losses.

[0047] It should be noted that the structure of the fuel cell 12 in the embodiments of the present application can also be described here. The fuel cell 12 may include a fuel cell stack, and the fuel cell stack may include a plurality of fuel cell monomers connected in series. Each fuel cell monomer may include a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst, a gas diffusion layer, a bipolar plate, an end plate, etc. For example, a plurality of fuel cell monomers are connected in series to obtain the fuel cell stack, and then combined with a protective shell, etc. to form the fuel cell 12. In this way, by connecting a plurality of such fuel cells 12 in parallel, and further combining with the secondary battery 11, etc., the fuel cell system 10 in the embodiments of the present application can be obtained.

[0048] As Figure 2 shown is a specific flowchart of a fuel cell collaborative control method based on a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S21: Determine the health assessment value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system.

[0050] Among them, the health assessment value is used to evaluate the health degree of the corresponding fuel cell. Generally speaking, the larger the health assessment value, the higher the health degree of the corresponding fuel cell. Therefore, the power generation ability of the fuel cell to the outside is also relatively larger. On the contrary, the smaller the health assessment value, the lower the health degree of the corresponding fuel cell. At this time, the power generation ability of the fuel cell to the outside is also relatively worse.

[0051] In practical applications, certain operating parameters of a fuel cell can usually reflect its ability to output electrical energy externally. Among them, these operating parameters can include the actual output voltage, actual output power, etc. of the fuel cell. Therefore, the specific implementation manner of step S21 can be to first obtain the actual maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell, where the actual maximum operating parameter is used to characterize the actual electrical energy output ability of the corresponding fuel cell, and then determine the health assessment value of each fuel cell according to the actual maximum operating parameters and the theoretical maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell.

[0052] For example, the actual maximum operating parameter can specifically be the actual maximum output power. At this time, the theoretical maximum operating parameter is specifically the initial rated output power. In practical applications, after a fuel cell has been used for a period of time, its ability to output electrical energy externally may decay to a certain extent, and this decay can be reflected by its actual output power, especially the actual maximum output power.

[0053] Specifically, for example, the fuel cell can be made to output electrical energy at its maximum power, and its actual output power can be measured to obtain the actual maximum output power of the fuel cell. After obtaining the actual maximum output power of the fuel cell, the health assessment value of the fuel cell can be determined according to the actual maximum output power and the initial rated output power of the fuel cell. One way, for example, is to calculate the difference between the two. This difference reflects the decline value of the output power of the actual maximum output power relative to the initial rated output power. At this time, the larger the difference, the more serious the decline degree, and the smaller the difference, the less serious the decline degree. Therefore, this difference can be directly used as the health assessment value of the fuel cell.

[0054] Another way, for example, is to calculate the quotient of the actual maximum output power and the initial rated output power. At this time, the larger the quotient, the smaller the decline of the actual maximum output power relative to the initial rated output power. On the contrary, the smaller the quotient, the larger the decline of the actual maximum output power relative to the initial rated output power. Therefore, the quotient of the actual maximum output power and the initial rated output power can also be determined as the health assessment value of the fuel cell.

[0055] Similarly, the actual maximum operating parameter can specifically be the actual maximum output voltage. At this time, the theoretical maximum operating parameter is specifically the initial rated output voltage. In practical applications, after a fuel cell has been used for a period of time, the decay of its ability to output electrical energy externally can also be reflected by its actual output voltage, especially the actual maximum output voltage.

[0056] Specifically, for example, the fuel cell can output electrical energy at the maximum voltage, and measure its actual output voltage, so as to obtain the actual maximum output voltage of the fuel cell. After obtaining the actual maximum output voltage of the fuel cell, the health assessment value of the fuel cell can also be determined according to the actual maximum output voltage and the initial rated output voltage of the fuel cell. Based on the same principle, at this time, the difference between the actual maximum output voltage and the initial rated output voltage, or the quotient between the actual maximum output voltage and the initial rated output voltage, can be determined as the health assessment value of the fuel cell.

[0057] Therefore, in practical applications, for step S21, for example, the actual maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell (such as the actual maximum output power) can be obtained respectively, and then according to the actual maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell and the theoretical maximum operating parameters (corresponding to the initial rated output power at this time), the quotient of the actual maximum output power of each fuel cell and the initial rated output power can be calculated respectively, and the quotient can be determined as the health assessment value of the corresponding fuel cell.

[0058] Step S22: Screen out at least one fuel cell to be called from each fuel cell according to the health assessment value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm.

[0059] Among them, the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm is used to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell (or multiple fuel cells) according to the health assessment value of the fuel cell. Therefore, in practical applications, the health assessment value of the fuel cell can be directly substituted into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate its operating cost, and then at least one fuel cell to be called can be screened out.

[0060] It should be noted that step S22 can usually also be implemented in the following manner. In this implementation manner, the total required power of the fuel cell system can be first determined, and various fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total required power can be determined. Among them, at least one of the fuel cells to be started and the number of fuel cells to be started is different among various fuel cell startup combinations. Here, how to determine the total required power of the fuel cell system will be described later.

[0061] In practical applications, it is possible to determine whether the total demand power is met based on the sum of the initial rated output powers of the fuel cells in each fuel cell startup combination. For example, if the sum of the initial rated output powers is greater than the total demand power, it means that the total demand power can be satisfied. At this time, the sum of the initial rated output powers of the fuel cells in the fuel cell startup combination is greater than the total demand power. Of course, considering the factor of fuel cell degradation, the sum of the initial rated output powers can also be multiplied by the limit degradation factor a (the value of a can be about 70% for example). If the result after multiplying by a is still greater than the total demand power, it means that the total demand power can be satisfied; otherwise, it cannot be satisfied. At this time, the product of the sum of the initial rated output powers of the fuel cells in the fuel cell startup combination and the limit degradation factor a is greater than the total demand power.

[0062] Therefore, after obtaining the total demand power of the fuel cell system, the following method can be used to determine multiple fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total demand power. For example, the initial rated output powers of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system can be compared with the total demand power respectively, and the fuel cells with initial rated output powers greater than the total demand power can be selected. These fuel cells can be used as different fuel cell startup combinations respectively. Then, randomly select 2 fuel cells from each fuel cell in the fuel cell system as a group, and calculate whether the sum of the initial rated output powers of the two fuel cells in this group is greater than the total demand power. If so, this group can be used as a fuel cell startup combination; if not, it means that this group cannot be used as a fuel cell startup combination. Through this method, various fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total demand power with two fuel cells can be screened out. After that, take three fuel cells as a group, randomly select 3 fuel cells from each fuel cell in the fuel cell system as a group, and then calculate whether the sum of the initial rated output powers of the three fuel cells in this group is greater than the total demand power. If so, this group can be used as a fuel cell startup combination; if not, it means that this group cannot be used as a fuel cell startup combination. And so on, finally, multiple fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total demand power can be obtained.

[0063] For example, the fuel cell system includes 4 fuel cells, namely Fuel Cell 1, Fuel Cell 2, Fuel Cell 3, and Fuel Cell 4, and their corresponding initial rated output powers are 90kW, 70kW, 160kW, and 55kW respectively, and the total demand power is 150kW. At this time, the various fuel cell startup combinations shown in Table 1 can be obtained.

[0064] Table 1

[0065] Number Fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination Sum of initial rated output powers 1 Fuel cell 3 160 kW 2 Fuel cell 1, Fuel cell 2 160 kW 3 Fuel cell 3, Fuel cell 1 250 kW 4 Fuel cell 3, Fuel cell 2 230 kW 5 Fuel cell 3, Fuel cell 4 215 kW 6 Fuel cell 1, Fuel cell 2, Fuel cell 3 320 kW 7 Fuel cell 1, Fuel cell 2, Fuel cell 4 215 kW 8 Fuel cell 1, Fuel cell 3, Fuel cell 4 305 kW 9 Fuel cell 2, Fuel cell 3, Fuel cell 4 285 kW 10 Fuel cell 1, Fuel cell 2, Fuel cell 3, Fuel cell 4 375 kW

[0066] As shown in Table 1, 10 fuel cell startup combinations in Table 1 can be obtained. The sum of the initial rated output powers of the fuel cells in these fuel cell startup combinations is greater than the total demand power of 150 kW (in this example, the sum of the initial rated output powers is not multiplied by the limit decay factor a), so they can all meet the total demand power.

[0067] After obtaining each fuel cell startup combination through the above method, for each fuel cell startup combination, the health assessment value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination can be substituted into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination. Then, the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost can be selected, and each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost can be determined as the fuel cell to be called. Obviously, each fuel cell to be called obtained in this way can, on the one hand, meet the need of the total demand power, and on the other hand, the operating cost is also the lowest.

[0068] Among them, the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm can be specifically the following calculation formula:

[0069]

[0070] In this formula, Q is the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination; is the health assessment value of the m-th fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination; N is each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination; is the unit operating cost of the m-th fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination, and the unit operating cost of the fuel cell reflects the average operating cost per unit output power of the fuel cell.

[0071] In this calculation formula, the unit operating cost of the m-th fuel cell is divided by the health assessment value of the m-th fuel cell. At this time When it decreases, it means that the health of the m-th fuel cell has declined, which in turn leads to a significant increase in the operating cost.

[0072] In this way, for each fuel cell startup combination, the health assessment value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination can be substituted into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm shown in this formula to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination, and finally the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost can be selected, and then each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost can be determined as the fuel cell to be called.

[0073] It should be further noted that since the health assessment value of a fuel cell can reflect the health of the fuel cell, and for a fuel cell with too low a health level, its structure is more likely to be damaged during operation. Therefore, before performing step S22, the method may further include first screening out multiple candidate fuel cells with health assessment values greater than a preset threshold from each fuel cell in the fuel cell system. At this time, for step S22, it may be to further screen out at least one fuel cell to be called from each candidate fuel cell according to the health assessment value of each candidate fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm.

[0074] At this time, since the health assessment values of these candidate fuel cells are all greater than the preset threshold, fuel cells with health assessment values less than or equal to the preset threshold are excluded, avoiding including fuel cells with too low health assessment values among the finally screened fuel cells to be called, and thus avoiding affecting the overall stable operation due to the failure of these fuel cells with too low health assessment values.

[0075] Of course, based on the same implementation principle, for screening out at least one fuel cell to be called from each candidate fuel cell according to the health assessment value of each candidate fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, the specific implementation method may also be to first determine multiple fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total required power of the fuel cell system according to the total required power of the fuel cell system. At this time, the fuel cells in the fuel cell startup combination are all candidate fuel cells; after obtaining multiple fuel cell startup combinations, for each fuel cell startup combination, substitute the health assessment value of each candidate fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination, and then screen out the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost, and determine each candidate fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost as the fuel cell to be called.

[0076] Step S23: Call each of the screened fuel cells to be called.

[0077] In this step S23, for the specific method of calling each fuel cell to be called, for example, for a fuel cell to be called in the standby state, it can be directly controlled to be called; for a fuel cell to be called in the running state, it can also be directly controlled to be called; for a fuel cell to be called that has not been started, it can be first controlled to start the fuel cell to be called, and then it can be called.

[0078] Adopt the fuel cell collaborative control method based on the fuel cell system provided by the embodiments of the present application. The method includes first determining the health assessment values of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system, then screening at least one fuel cell to be called from each fuel cell according to the health assessment values of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, and then calling each screened fuel cell to be called. During the process of calling the fuel cells in the fuel cell system, this method combines the health assessment value of the fuel cell that can reflect the health degree of the fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm that can reflect the operating cost, so as to realize the efficient call of the fuel cells in the fuel cell system.

[0079] It should be noted that the above-mentioned problem of how to determine the total demand power of the fuel cell system is mentioned. In practical applications, when the fuel cell system supplies power externally, one way can directly target the external demand power (referred to as PTG), and use this external demand power PTG as the total demand power of the fuel cell system. Among them, the external demand power specifically refers to the power that the fuel cell system needs to output to external devices. For example, when the fuel cell system is connected to a certain electrical device (i.e., the external device), and at this time the electrical device needs to work at a certain target power, then the target power that the fuel cell system needs to output is the external demand power.

[0080] Of course, considering that there will also be a certain amount of power loss inside the fuel cell system, that is, the internal power consumption of the system. The internal power consumption of the system can specifically be the power consumed inside the fuel cell system due to reasons such as resistance. In the above-mentioned structure of the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system, the energy storage converter, and other core components may all cause internal power consumption. Therefore, in practical applications, the external demand power PTG plus the internal power consumption of the system can also be used as the total demand power of the fuel cell system.

[0081] Among them, the internal power consumption of the fuel cell system can be determined in the following way. First, obtain the power consumption of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell system, the power consumption of the energy storage converter, and the power consumption of other core components, and then calculate the internal power consumption of the system according to the power consumption of the fuel cell system, the power consumption of the energy storage converter, and the power consumption of other core components. For example, the sum of the three can be used as the internal power consumption of the system.

[0082] In addition, when a secondary battery is provided in the fuel cell system, since there is a charging or discharging process for the secondary battery, the power generation power of the fuel cell system is consumed during charging. On the contrary, during discharging, power is supplied to the fuel cell system. At this time, when determining the total required power of the fuel cell system, the external required power PTG can be added with the internal consumption power of the system and the charging and discharging power of the secondary battery as the total required power of the fuel cell system. Among them, when the secondary battery is charging, its power is positive, and when discharging, it is negative.

[0083] Therefore, in practical applications, the corresponding method can be selected according to actual needs to determine the total required power of the fuel cell system.

[0084] It should be further noted that as mentioned in step S23 above, when calling each of the selected fuel cells to be called, before or after calling each of the fuel cells to be called, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application may further include determining the power generation power of each of the fuel cells to be called. For example, the first implementation method may be to divide the total required power of the fuel cell system by the number of fuel cells to be called, so as to obtain the power generation power of each of the fuel cells to be called, and then these fuel cells to be called generate power externally with this power generation power.

[0085] The second implementation method for determining the power generation power of each of the fuel cells to be called may be to determine the power generation power of each of the fuel cells to be called according to the health assessment value of each of the fuel cells to be called. For example, for a fuel cell with a relatively high health assessment value, a relatively higher power generation power can be allocated, while for a fuel cell with a relatively low health assessment value, a relatively lower power generation power can be allocated. At this time, the following formula can be used to determine the power generation power of each of the fuel cells to be called:

[0086]

[0087] In this formula, is the power generation power of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the total required power of the fuel cell system; n is the total number of fuel cells to be called; is the health assessment value of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the weight coefficient corresponding to the health assessment value of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the health assessment value of the j-th fuel cell to be called; is the weight coefficient corresponding to the health assessment value of the j-th fuel cell to be called.

[0088] For example, for the i-th fuel cell to be called, the power generation power of the i-th fuel cell to be called can be calculated through this method. , and thus, before or after calling the i-th fuel cell to be called, the generated power can be allocated to the i-th fuel cell to be called. , so that the i-th fuel cell to be called generates electricity externally at the generated power.

[0089] Among them, for the weight coefficient corresponding to the health assessment value of the fuel cell to be called, for example, the health assessment value can be divided into multiple intervals (the number of intervals can be 2, 3 or other numbers), and each interval corresponds to a different weight coefficient. Among them, the larger the interval value, the larger the corresponding weight coefficient, and the smaller the interval value, the smaller the corresponding weight coefficient. Thus, for the weight coefficient corresponding to the health assessment value of the i-th fuel cell to be called , the interval to which the health assessment value of the i-th fuel cell to be called belongs can be determined first, and then the weight coefficient of this interval can be obtained. . Of course, the weight coefficients corresponding to each interval can also be set to the same value, such as 1.

[0090] Based on the fuel cell collaborative control method based on a fuel cell system provided in the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application can also provide a controller, which uses the method provided in the embodiments of the present application to perform collaborative control on multiple parallel fuel cells in the fuel cell system. In practical applications, this controller can be, for example, an energy management controller (Energy Management Unit, EMU) in the fuel cell system, or a controller (Fuel Cell Control Unit, FCU) in the fuel cell system.

[0091] Of course, the embodiments of the present application can also provide a fuel cell system, which, in addition to including multiple parallel fuel cells, can also include this controller, and thus can use this controller to perform collaborative control on multiple parallel fuel cells.

[0092] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches are also regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A fuel cell coordinated control method based on a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining a health assessment value for each fuel cell in the fuel cell system; Selecting at least one fuel cell to be used from each fuel cell according to the health evaluation value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost calculation algorithm; The selected fuel cells to be called are called.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The power generation power of each fuel cell to be deployed is determined according to the health evaluation value of each fuel cell to be deployed.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that According to the health evaluation value of each fuel cell to be called, the power generation power of each fuel cell to be called is determined, specifically including determining the power generation power of each fuel cell to be called by the following formula: ； in: is the power generation power of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the total required power of the fuel cell system; n is the total number of fuel cells to be called; is the health evaluation value of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the weight coefficient corresponding to the health evaluation value of the i-th fuel cell to be called; is the health evaluation value of the jth fuel cell to be called; is the weight coefficient corresponding to the health evaluation value of the jth fuel cell to be called.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the health assessment value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell system, including: Acquiring an actual maximum operating parameter of each fuel cell, wherein the actual maximum operating parameter is used to characterize an actual power output capability of the corresponding fuel cell; The health evaluation value of each fuel cell is determined based on the actual maximum operating parameters and theoretical maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that According to the actual maximum operating parameters and theoretical maximum operating parameters of each fuel cell, the health evaluation value of each fuel cell is determined, including: The quotient obtained by dividing the actual maximum operating parameter of each fuel cell by the theoretical maximum operating parameter is determined as the health evaluation value of each fuel cell.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before selecting at least one fuel cell to be used from each fuel cell according to the health evaluation value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost calculation algorithm, the method further includes: Selecting a plurality of candidate fuel cells having health evaluation values ​​greater than a preset threshold from among the fuel cells in the fuel cell system; and According to the health evaluation value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, at least one fuel cell to be used is selected from each fuel cell, specifically including: At least one fuel cell to be deployed is selected from the various fuel cells to be selected according to the health evaluation values ​​of the various fuel cells to be selected and the fuel cell cost calculation algorithm.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that According to the health evaluation value of each fuel cell and the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm, at least one fuel cell to be used is selected from each fuel cell, specifically including: Determining, according to the total required power of the fuel cell system, a plurality of fuel cell startup combinations that can meet the total required power, wherein at least one of the fuel cells required to be started and the number of fuel cells required to be started is different between the various fuel cell startup combinations; For each fuel cell starting combination, the health evaluation value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell starting combination is substituted into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell starting combination; A fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost is screened out, and each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination with the lowest operating cost is determined as the fuel cell to be called.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Substituting the health evaluation value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell starting combination into the fuel cell cost accounting algorithm to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell starting combination, specifically including substituting the health evaluation value of each fuel cell in the fuel cell starting combination into the following calculation formula to calculate the operating cost of the fuel cell starting combination: ； Wherein, Q is the operating cost of the fuel cell startup combination; is the health evaluation value of the mth fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination; N is each fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination; is the unit operating cost of the mth fuel cell in the fuel cell startup combination.

9. A controller, characterized in that: The controller uses the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to coordinately control each fuel cell in the fuel cell system.

10. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system comprises a plurality of fuel cells connected in parallel and the controller as claimed in claim 9.

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