Distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method, system, equipment and dielectric based on local self-decision-making

Abstract

This invention discloses a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method, system, equipment, and medium based on local self-decision-making, relating to the field of power system regulation technology. It includes a self-decision-making regulation module connected to a photovoltaic inverter for real-time data acquisition; setting voltage thresholds and determining voltage exceedances; when a voltage exceedance is triggered, the self-decision-making regulation module enters regulation mode and automatically issues reactive power compensation commands; and it formulates a reactive power adjustment strategy, using a step-by-step compensation control mechanism for adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback. The method described in this invention does not harm the economic benefits of photovoltaic users, absorbs reactive power, does not affect the user's active power output, does not reduce power generation, and does not impact the user's economic benefits.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power system regulation, in particular to a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method, system, device and medium based on local self-decision. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the global energy structure transforming to clean and low carbon, distributed photovoltaic power generation technology has developed rapidly. Distributed photovoltaic system realizes on-site power generation and on-site consumption by installing photovoltaic components on the user side and operating in grid-connected mode, and has the advantages of reducing power transmission and distribution loss, promoting energy diversification and improving power supply reliability. In recent years, the popularity of distributed photovoltaic has led to a large number of photovoltaic power generation systems connected to the distribution network, especially in low-voltage areas. However, due to the intermittent, random and volatile nature of photovoltaic power generation, especially during the noon period when the sun is strong, full load power generation of photovoltaic systems often leads to rapid voltage rise in the area, and even voltage out-of-limit phenomenon. In addition, the traditional distribution network is designed for one-way power supply mode and cannot cope with the impact of large-scale distributed photovoltaic reverse flow, further exacerbating the voltage quality problem. In addition, the existing distributed photovoltaic regulation mainly relies on centralized control strategy, which has slow response speed, large communication delay, and is difficult to accurately regulate the voltage of the area in real time, and cannot effectively adapt to the application requirements of modern high-penetration distributed power.

[0003] Currently, there are two methods to adjust the high voltage problem caused by distributed photovoltaic, limiting inverter output and absorbing reactive power (reactive power is positive, inductive). Limiting inverter output will reduce power generation, which is sensitive to photovoltaic investment users; absorbing reactive power will reduce the overall power factor level of the area, so both adjustment methods cannot be adjusted on a large scale, and the side effects need to be controlled to the minimum impact.

[0004] According to a large amount of historical data analysis, the general overvoltage phenomenon is expressed as the appearance of sharp peaks in the voltage curve of the area head and user during the day, and the inverter operating mode is pure active output, and the active power is equal to the apparent power. Therefore, when the voltage at the area head and the user reaches a certain limit, the inverter is controlled to be inductive to absorb reactive power, thereby suppressing the voltage. Through a large number of field researches, most inverters will be configured with excess capacity to ensure that sufficient power can be provided under various conditions, so generally, the reactive power regulation of the inverter will not affect the active output. After the voltage is reduced, the reactive power of the inverter is adjusted to restore normal, and the whole regulation process is relatively short in time, and the impact on the overall power factor of the area is also small. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the present application solves the technical problem that the existing distributed photovoltaic grid-connected technology has the problems of voltage out-of-limit, slow response and low accuracy of centralized regulation.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solution: a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, comprising

[0008] The self-decision regulation module is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and real-time data acquisition is performed;

[0009] The voltage threshold is set, and voltage out-of-limit determination is performed;

[0010] When the voltage out-of-limit trigger occurs, the self-decision regulation module enters the regulation mode and automatically issues a reactive power compensation instruction;

[0011] The reactive power regulation strategy is formulated, and a step-by-step compensation control mechanism is used for adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, the real-time data acquisition includes real-time acquisition of grid-connected voltage data, inverter active power and reactive power output data, grid frequency and inverter operating state data, and current timestamp data.

[0013] The voltage value is monitored with a precision of seconds, the collected data is cached in the local storage module, and the historical data is stored for 24 hours; the data is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal at regular intervals, and is forwarded to the master station system through the terminal.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, the setting of the voltage threshold includes statistical analysis of the historical voltage data of the area, combination of different seasons and different time periods, and determination of the voltage range that occurs out-of-limit in actual operation; the voltage peak and valley are extracted, and the voltage upper limit is adjusted according to the voltage resistance characteristics of the user equipment.

[0015] The detection time interval T s is set to T w , and the determination logic is that the voltage is out-of-limit within T time, and the out-of-limit determination is triggered; the sliding window determination is that V(t) is the voltage value collected at time t, the threshold is set to the upper limit V upper and the lower limit V lower , and the out-of-limit condition is set.

[0016] The voltage data within T w is collected, the data is traversed, and it is determined whether all the data satisfies the out-of-limit condition.

[0017] As a preferred scheme of the photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, the automatic issuing of the reactive power compensation instruction comprises generating a reactive power adjustment instruction according to the calculated required reactive power compensation amount by the regulation module.

[0018] The instruction is issued to the photovoltaic inverter through a standard communication protocol, and the reactive power output setting value of the inverter is modified.

[0019] After the inverter receives the instruction, an acknowledgement response signal is returned to ensure that the instruction is correctly executed; and after receiving the acknowledgement signal, the regulation module records the time, parameters and execution result of the issued instruction.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, the reactive power adjustment strategy comprises setting Q max The maximum reactive power that can be output by the inverter is determined based on dynamic feedback calculation, and the step change trend is determined.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, the step compensation control mechanism comprises triggering initial compensation regulation when the voltage exceeds the limit, calculating an initial reactive power compensation increment ΔQ step1

[0022] Dynamic feedback and adaptive compensation are performed, voltage feedback monitoring is performed, the current voltage is monitored in real time and compared with the target threshold value; if the current voltage is greater than the target threshold voltage, the reactive power is continuously increased; and if the current voltage is less than or equal to the target threshold voltage, the reactive power is stably maintained.

[0023] As a preferred scheme of the photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, the adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback comprise dynamically calculating a next-step reactive power compensation increment, dynamically adjusting a step length coefficient according to the feedback of the previous step, and calculating a voltage overshoot amplitude for adjusting the step length.

[0024] The next-step reactive power compensation increment and the cumulative adjustment amount of the reactive power are calculated, and the cumulative adjustment amount of the reactive power is limited to not exceed a maximum allowed value.

[0025] Voltage recovery detection is performed, and if it is detected that the voltage returns to a normal range, the reactive power compensation is gradually reduced.

[0026] A secondary dynamic compensation reduction strategy is executed, a compensation reduction step length coefficient γ is set, a compensation reduction amount is calculated, the current cumulative adjustment amount of the reactive power is updated, a stable state is maintained, and when the voltage is stably maintained in the normal range for more than T1 time, the reactive power compensation is gradually returned to zero and the regulation mode is exited.

[0027] ​As a preferred scheme of the just-in-place self-decision based distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation system, wherein: the self-decision regulation module is responsible for communication with the photovoltaic inverter, receiving real-time data and issuing reactive power compensation instructions; the self-decision regulation module and the intelligent fusion terminal are connected through a LoRaMesh wireless communication network;

[0028] The data acquisition and caching module acquires the operation data of the photovoltaic inverter in real time and performs local caching; the data is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal and the master station system at a fixed time;

[0029] The master station system module statistically analyzes the voltage history data of the substation, analyzes the voltage curve, determines the out-of-limit threshold, performs voltage out-of-limit determination, and triggers the self-decision regulation mode;

[0030] The fusion terminal module interacts with the master station system through the MQTT protocol, and remotely issues and monitors the regulation parameters.

[0031] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the just-in-place self-decision based distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method.

[0032] A computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the just-in-place self-decision based distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method.

[0033] The just-in-place self-decision based distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method provided by the application has the advantages of non-perception, communication management function, no influence on the original communication and function of the device after the device is connected, no need for long-time power-off installation, and part of the device can be installed under voltage. The self-adaptive ability is strong, and the device can automatically identify and convert to a standard protocol according to different manufacturers' protocols to realize the unification of the protocol and realize barrier-free communication. Especially for photovoltaic inverters with only one communication interface, no additional interface is needed for direct communication. The communication mode is reliable, the optimal wireless communication mode is adopted, it has the characteristics of low power consumption and long distance and is not affected by the power grid, multiple devices can be interacted at the same time, the communication reliability is high, the data quality is good. The economic benefit of the photovoltaic user is not damaged, the reactive power is absorbed, the active output of the user is not affected, the power generation capacity is not reduced, and the economic benefit of the user is not affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 A flow chart of a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision is provided for the first embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 A system schematic diagram of a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision is provided for the third embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 For an embodiment of the present application, a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision is provided, comprising:

[0039] S1: The self-decision regulation module is connected to the photovoltaic inverter, and real-time data is collected.

[0040] Further, the real-time data collection includes real-time collection of grid-connected voltage data, inverter active power and reactive power output data, grid frequency and inverter operating state data, and current timestamp data.

[0041] The voltage value is monitored with a precision of seconds, the collected data is cached in the local storage module, and the historical data is stored for 24 hours; it is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal at regular intervals, and forwarded to the master station system through the terminal.

[0042] Real-time collection of voltage, power and frequency data of the photovoltaic inverter ensures high timeliness and accuracy of voltage monitoring, especially the design of second-level monitoring, which can effectively capture voltage mutation phenomenon.

[0043] It should be noted that the setting of the voltage threshold is based on historical data statistical analysis of the transformer area, considering the operation conditions of different seasons and time periods, which can dynamically adapt to the actual grid conditions. This threshold setting method improves the reliability of voltage limit determination and avoids the problem of false or missed determination caused by fixed threshold. The traditional method uses a static threshold, which cannot adapt to dynamic voltage fluctuations; the present application solves the problem of inaccurate voltage limit determination through historical data analysis and adaptive threshold setting.

[0044] S2: Set the voltage threshold and perform voltage limit determination.

[0045] Further, the setting voltage threshold value comprises: performing statistical analysis on historical voltage data of the transformer area, combining typical operation conditions in different seasons and different time periods; statistically analyzing voltage deviation curves, extracting voltage peak and valley values, determining voltage ranges that exceed the limit in actual operation, and appropriately adjusting the upper limit of voltage according to the voltage resistance characteristics of user equipment.

[0046] Detection time interval T s , the sliding window length is set to T w , and the determination logic is that the voltage exceeds the limit within T consecutive times, and then the out-of-limit determination is triggered.

[0047] The sliding window determination is that V(t) is the voltage value collected at time t, the threshold value is set to the upper limit V upper , and the lower limit V lower , and the out-of-limit condition is determined as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Collect voltage data V(t0), V(t0+1), …, V(t0+T w ) within T w consecutive times; traverse the data to determine whether all of them meet the out-of-limit condition.

[0050] Data filtering, smoothing filtering of voltage collection data V(t) to reduce the influence of instantaneous noise.

[0051] Filtering formula:

[0052] V filtered (t) = α·V(t) + (1-α)·V filtered (t-1)

[0053] Where: V(t): real-time voltage data collected at time t; V filtered (t): filtered voltage data; α represents the filtering coefficient, the value range is 0.6-0.8, and is adjusted according to the actual working condition. V filtered (0) = V(0); for each new sampling point V(t), V filtered (t) is calculated by using the above formula. V filtered (t) is used to replace the original data for out-of-limit determination.

[0054] Voltage change rate calculation: calculate the voltage change rate between two adjacent time points:

[0055] ΔV(t) = V(t) - V(t-1)

[0056] Set the voltage change rate threshold value ΔV threshold (such as 0.01 p.u. / s); when the following conditions are met, it is determined that the voltage has a sudden change:

[0057] |ΔV(t)|≥ΔV threshold

[0058] Trend analysis, if the voltage mutation is detected, marked as abnormal data, not immediately trigger the out-of-limit determination; continuous trend confirmation, if the voltage mutation continues more than 2 seconds, determine the out-of-limit effective.

[0059] Collect real-time voltage data V(t); Weighted average filtering is performed on the data to obtain V filtered (t).

[0060] Calculate the voltage rate of change ΔV(t), judge the voltage mutation; According to the voltage out-of-limit level, dynamically set the sliding window length T w Mild out-of-limit: window length is 3 seconds; Serious out-of-limit: window length is 1 second.

[0061] In the window, the voltage data is determined to be out-of-limit: if all satisfy V>V upper Or V<V lower , trigger the control strategy. Output the determination result, enter the next step of control strategy execution.

[0062] The initial reactive power increment of step-by-step compensation is calculated by step length coefficient, which gradually increases the reactive power output, ensures the smooth and stable regulation process, and avoids overcompensation or undercompensation phenomenon.

[0063] The step-by-step compensation control mechanism performs dynamic feedback after each step of adjustment, real-time monitoring of voltage state and adaptive adjustment of step length coefficient, further improves the accuracy and response speed of reactive power compensation.

[0064] It should be noted that this mechanism is particularly suitable for photovoltaic high penetration distribution network scene, voltage fluctuation is more frequent, step-by-step control can quickly respond to voltage out-of-limit phenomenon and smooth recovery of voltage. The step-by-step execution process effectively avoids the instantaneous impact on the power grid, while ensuring the power generation income of photovoltaic users, which has significant practicality and economy in actual operation.

[0065] S3: When the voltage out-of-limit is triggered, the decision control module enters the control mode and automatically issues the reactive power compensation instruction.

[0066] Further, the control module dynamically calculates the required reactive power compensation Q comp according to the out-of-limit amplitude and the current system state, the compensation amount is proportional to the voltage deviation, and the compensation adjustment factor K is designed:

[0067] Q comp =K·(V-V target )

[0068] Wherein, Q comp: Required reactive power compensation amount (unit: Var); V target Target voltage value (such as rated voltage 1.0 p.u.); K adjustment factor, set according to system requirements (such as 0.01-0.05); V Current monitored voltage value.

[0069] The automatic issuance of the reactive compensation instruction includes that the regulation module generates a reactive power adjustment instruction according to the calculated required reactive power compensation amount.

[0070] The instruction is issued to the photovoltaic inverter through a standard communication protocol, and the reactive power output setting value of the inverter is modified.

[0071] After the inverter receives the instruction, an acknowledgement response signal is returned to ensure that the instruction is correctly executed; and the regulation module records the time, parameters and execution results of the issued instruction after receiving the acknowledgement signal.

[0072] It should be noted that by introducing a feedback adjustment coefficient and a dynamic step size, the compensation amount can be flexibly adjusted according to the voltage overshoot amplitude, so that the regulation process has high adaptability. When the voltage returns to normal, the system gradually reduces the reactive power output and eventually returns to zero, ensuring that the power grid maintains stability in a normal operating state. This mechanism significantly improves the intelligent level of reactive compensation regulation, and is particularly suitable for non-linear voltage fluctuation environments, helping to improve the accuracy and response speed of voltage regulation.

[0073] S4: Formulate a reactive power adjustment strategy and use a step-by-step compensation control mechanism for adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback.

[0074] Further, the formulation of the reactive power adjustment strategy includes setting Q max to the maximum reactive power that the inverter can output, which is expressed by the formula:

[0075]

[0076] wherein a represents the current reactive adjustment step size coefficient, ΔQ step represents the incremental amount of reactive power compensation at each step, which is calculated based on dynamic feedback; and β represents the feedback adjustment coefficient, which determines the step size change trend.

[0077] The step-by-step compensation control mechanism includes triggering the initial compensation regulation when the voltage is out of range, calculating the initial reactive compensation increment ΔQ step1 ;

[0078] ΔQ step1 = a0· Q max

[0079] wherein a0 is the initial step size coefficient, which is dynamically adjustable.

[0080] The initial compensation formula is expressed as:

[0081] Q current = ΔQ step1

[0082] Dynamic feedback and adaptive compensation, voltage feedback monitoring, real-time monitoring of the current voltage V new and compared with the target threshold; if V new > V max , continue to increase the reactive power; if V new ≤ V max , enter the reactive power stable state.

[0083] The adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback includes dynamically calculating the next step reactive compensation increment, and dynamically adjusting the step length coefficient α according to the feedback of the last step;

[0084] α new = α previous + β · (V new - V max ) / V max

[0085] Wherein, β represents the feedback adjustment coefficient, used to dynamically accelerate or slow down compensation; V new - V max is used to calculate the voltage exceeding amplitude, used to adjust the step length;

[0086] Calculate the next step reactive compensation increment ΔQ step :

[0087] ΔQ step = α new · Q max

[0088] Reactive power cumulative adjustment, the current reactive power Q current is updated as:

[0089] Q current = Q current + ΔQ step

[0090] Limit Q current not more than the maximum allowed value:

[0091] Q current ≤ Q max

[0092] Voltage recovery detection, if the voltage is detected to return to the normal range V min ≤ V max ≤ V max , gradually reduce the reactive compensation;

[0093] The secondary dynamic compensation reduction strategy is executed, and the compensation reduction step coefficient γ is set:

[0094] γ new =α new / 2

[0095] The compensation reduction amount ΔQ is calculated: reduce

[0096] ΔQ reduce =γ new ·Q max

[0097] The current reactive power Q is updated as: current

[0098] Q current =Q current -ΔQ reduce

[0099] The stable state is maintained, and when the voltage is stable in the normal range for more than T1 time, the reactive compensation is gradually returned to zero, and the control mode is exited.

[0100] Voltage out-of-limit detection, initial compensation:

[0101] Q current =α0·Q max

[0102] Feedback adaptive compensation, dynamic adjustment of step α:

[0103] α new =α previous +β·(V new -V max ) / V max

[0104] Voltage recovery and compensation reduction, compensation reduction amount:

[0105] Stable exit, exit the control mode after the voltage is recovered and stable for 5 seconds.

[0106] ΔQ reduce =γ new ·Q max

[0107] ​​It should be noted that in the traditional regulation mode, reactive power compensation is usually executed once, which may lead to over-regulation or under-regulation of voltage. Step-by-step compensation realizes smooth adjustment of reactive power by gradually increasing the amount of reactive power compensation, avoids the impact on the power grid during regulation, and improves voltage stability while ensuring the power generation benefit of photovoltaic users. Dynamic feedback and adaptive adjustment: the introduction of feedback adjustment coefficient and dynamic step size can adjust the compensation amount in real time according to the voltage deviation amplitude, further improving the regulation accuracy. This adaptive adjustment mechanism can adapt to the nonlinear characteristics of voltage fluctuation, making the regulation process more accurate and intelligent.

[0108] Embodiment 2, which is an embodiment of the present application, provides a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present application, economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments are carried out for scientific demonstration.

[0109] First of all, this embodiment is carried out in a certain low-voltage distribution area (example: A area), and there are 5 photovoltaic power generation users in the area, and the power range of the photovoltaic inverter is between 15kW and 30kW. The experimental target is to verify the effectiveness of the distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision, and to compare the deficiencies of the prior art in solving the voltage out-of-limit problem.

[0110] Device configuration: photovoltaic inverter: 5 (power 15-30kW); self-decision regulation module: 5, installed at each photovoltaic inverter grid connection point; intelligent fusion terminal: used for collecting and uploading data to the master station system; voltage monitoring device: used for real-time acquisition of voltage data

[0111] Experimental scenario: Set up a historical data analysis model of the area, extract the voltage peak and valley of A area. Through statistics, it is found that when the photovoltaic full load power generation in the noon period, the voltage is high and there is an out-of-limit phenomenon.

[0112] Set the voltage threshold, the sliding window length is set to 5 seconds, and the judgment logic is that the voltage is out of limit for 3 seconds in a row to trigger reactive power compensation.

[0113] The self-decision regulation module is connected with the photovoltaic inverter, and real-time acquisition of grid voltage, active power, reactive power, grid frequency and time stamp data is carried out. The data acquisition accuracy is set to 1 second, and 24 hours of historical data is stored, and is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal at regular intervals.

[0114] Real-time monitoring of area voltage, when the voltage exceeds the set threshold, the self-decision regulation module triggers the regulation mode. Step-by-step compensation control and dynamic feedback: calculate the initial reactive power compensation increment, gradually increase the amount of reactive power compensation, monitor the voltage feedback every 2 seconds, dynamically adjust the step size coefficient, if the voltage returns to normal, gradually reduce the reactive power, and finally exit the regulation mode.

[0115] Data record and verification, record voltage fluctuation, reactive power compensation and operation data of each stage. The effect of traditional static reactive compensation method is compared and analyzed.

[0116] Through the analysis of the test data, the following conclusions can be drawn: the effect of solving the voltage overrun problem, at the beginning of the experiment, the grid-connected voltage of 5 photovoltaic inverters in A area exceeds 1.05 p.u. and belongs to the voltage overrun state, the maximum initial voltage reaches 1.10 p.u. Through the implementation of the step-by-step compensation mechanism of the self-determination control module, the voltage of each inverter is reduced to 1.03-1.04 p.u. The voltage stability is significantly improved.

[0117] The traditional static compensation method usually performs reactive power compensation at one time, which may cause excessive regulation and even cause voltage fluctuation. However, the present application adopts step-by-step compensation control combined with dynamic feedback mechanism to gradually increase the reactive power and finally achieve optimal compensation amount, with an average reactive power compensation amount of 4.88 kVar. The response time is between 8-10 seconds, which is significantly faster than the traditional method of more than 30 seconds.

[0118] In embodiment 3, as Figure 2 An embodiment of the present application provides a distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation system based on local self-determination, which comprises:

[0119] The self-determination control module 100 is responsible for communication with the photovoltaic inverter, receiving real-time data and issuing reactive compensation instructions; the self-determination control module is connected with the fusion terminal module 400 through a LoRaMesh wireless communication network;

[0120] The data acquisition and caching module 200 acquires real-time operation data of the photovoltaic inverter and performs local caching; the data is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal 400 and the master station system 300 at a fixed time;

[0121] The master station system module 300 statistically analyzes the voltage history data of the area, analyzes the voltage curve, determines the overrun threshold, performs voltage overrun judgment, and triggers the self-determination control mode.

[0122] The fusion terminal module 400 interacts with the master station system through the MQTT protocol, remotely issues and monitors the control parameters.

[0123] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0124] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0125] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0126] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0127] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation based on local self-decision, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The self-decision regulation module is connected with the photovoltaic inverter to collect data in real time; A voltage threshold is set to determine whether the voltage exceeds the threshold; When the voltage exceeds the threshold, the self-decision regulation module enters the regulation mode and automatically issues a reactive power compensation instruction; A reactive power regulation strategy is formulated, and a step-by-step compensation control mechanism is used for adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback; The adaptive adjustment and dynamic feedback comprises dynamically calculating a reactive compensation increment of the next step, and dynamically adjusting a step coefficient according to feedback of the previous step and calculating a voltage exceeding amplitude for adjusting the step length The next step of reactive power compensation increment and cumulative adjustment of reactive power are calculated, and the cumulative adjustment of reactive power is limited to not exceed the maximum allowed value; Voltage recovery detection is performed, and if the voltage returns to the normal range, the reactive power compensation is gradually reduced; Performing a secondary dynamic compensation strategy, setting a compensation step coefficient ; ； Computing a reduction compensation ; ； For the maximum allowable value of reactive power, update the current reactive power cumulative adjustment, stable to keep the state, when the voltage is stable in the normal range more than Time, gradually return to zero reactive compensation, exit control mode.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on in-situ self- decision making for distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation. The real-time data collection includes collecting grid-connected voltage data, inverter active power and reactive power output data, grid frequency and inverter operating state data, and current timestamp data in real time; The voltage value is monitored with a precision of seconds, the collected data is cached in a local storage module, and the historical data is stored for 24 hours; the data is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal at regular intervals, and is forwarded to the master station system through the terminal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on in-situ self- decision making for distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation. The voltage threshold setting includes statistical analysis of historical voltage data of the transformer area, combination of typical operating conditions in different seasons and different time periods, statistics of voltage deviation curves, extraction of voltage peak and valley values, determination of the voltage range that exceeds the threshold in actual operation, and appropriate adjustment of the upper limit of the voltage according to the voltage resistance characteristics of user equipment; Detection time interval , the sliding window length is set to , the determination logic is continuous , the voltage out-of-limit is triggered within the time interval; the sliding window determination is set to , the time interval is , the voltage value collected, the threshold is set to the upper limit , the lower limit , the out-of-limit condition is set Collecting continuous Voltage data in the inner, traversing data, determine whether all meet the limit conditions.

4. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein the method is based on in-situ self- decision making for distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation. The automatic issuance of the reactive power compensation instruction includes generating a reactive power regulation instruction according to the calculated required reactive power compensation amount by the regulation module; The instruction is issued to the photovoltaic inverter through a standard communication protocol to modify the reactive power output setting value of the inverter; After receiving the instruction, the inverter returns an acknowledgement response signal to ensure that the instruction is executed correctly; After receiving the acknowledgement signal, the regulation module records the time, parameters and execution results of the issued instruction.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is based on in-situ self- decision making for distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation. The reactive power regulation strategy comprises setting The maximum reactive power outputtable by the inverter is determined based on dynamic feedback calculation to determine a step change trend.

6. The distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method based on local self-decision as claimed in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The step compensation control mechanism comprises, when the voltage is out of limit, performing initial compensation regulation, calculating initial reactive power compensation increment ; Dynamic feedback and adaptive compensation are performed, voltage feedback monitoring is performed, the current voltage is monitored in real time and compared with the target threshold; if the current voltage is greater than the target threshold voltage, the reactive power is continuously increased; if the current voltage is less than or equal to the target threshold voltage, the reactive power is kept stable.

7. A system for implementing the self-decision-based distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: The self-decision regulation module (100) is responsible for communication with the photovoltaic inverter, receives real-time data and issues a reactive power compensation instruction; the self-decision regulation module is connected with the fusion terminal (400) through a LoRaMesh wireless communication network; The data collection and caching module (200) collects the operating data of the photovoltaic inverter in real time and caches the data locally; the data is uploaded to the intelligent fusion terminal (400) and the master station system (300) at regular intervals; The master station system (300) statistically analyzes the historical voltage data of the transformer area, analyzes the voltage curve, determines the exceeding threshold, and triggers the self-decision regulation mode; The fusion terminal (400) interacts with the master station system through the MQTT protocol, and remotely issues and monitors the regulation parameters.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the self-decision-based distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation method of any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for distributed photovoltaic voltage regulation based on local self-decision according to any one of claims 1-6.

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