Mussel and fish polyculture ecological regulation and control method based on mutualism of multiple species

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-species mutualism-based mussel and fish polyculture ecological regulation and control method, and relates to the technical field of ecological culture, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, facility preparation; s2, putting species; s3, breeding regulation and control; s4, feeding control; and S5, performing final-period management. Through strict screening of the culture pond, thorough disinfection and scientific cultivation of water quality, an excellent starting end is created for culture, the disease risk is reduced, beneficial microbial communities enhance the self-cleaning capacity of a water body, the feeding quantity and proportion are accurately calculated, the ecological capacity is fully utilized, the fingerlings are reasonably matched, stable operation of an ecological system is guaranteed, and the ecological system is more intelligent and reliable through real-time monitoring and intelligent prediction. The feeding amount and the water changing frequency are adjusted in time, the water quality is effectively maintained, the breeding loss caused by water quality deterioration is reduced, grass carp feeding is adjusted according to the aquatic plant coverage rate, reasonable growth of aquatic plants is maintained, ecological balance is promoted, the win-win situation of ecological benefits and economic benefits is achieved, and an effective mode is provided for sustainable aquaculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological aquaculture, and in particular to an ecological regulation method for clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aquaculture, on the one hand, with the expansion of aquaculture scale and the increase in intensiveness, the problem of water quality deterioration has become increasingly prominent. On the other hand, the single aquaculture model has low efficiency in resource utilization, and the mixed farming model of fish and clams has emerged. Clams feed on plankton, and fish excrement can become natural bait for clams, forming an ecological cycle.

[0003] For example, in the "Three-dimensional fish and clam polyculture method" with publication number CN110367151B, S1: Pond disinfection and fertilization: Use quicklime to dry-disinfect ponds with a water depth of about 2 meters, with a dosage of 75-100 kilograms per mu. After one week, when the drug effect disappears, add organic fertilizer as base fertilizer into the pond, about 1,000 kilograms per mu, and then add water to 1 meter.

[0004] In the existing technology, the mixed farming of fish and clams lacks scientific and precise regulation. Water quality monitoring is often carried out on a regular basis, making it difficult to understand water quality changes in real time, and unable to take timely prevention and control measures before the water quality deteriorates, resulting in a sudden deterioration in water quality and the death of a large number of clams. At the same time, the ecological capacity of the breeding pond and the interaction between species are not fully considered, which may lead to too many or too few species, making it impossible to achieve optimal utilization of resources, and the mixed farming effect does not reach the best. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological regulation method for co-culture of clams and fish based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis, so as to solve the problem raised by the above-mentioned background technology that it is difficult to understand water quality changes in real time, and it is impossible to take timely measures for prevention and control before the water quality deteriorates, which affects the effect of co-culture of clams and fish.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis, comprising the following steps: S1. Facility preparation: Select a breeding pond that meets the requirements, disinfect the entire pond, install the required equipment, inject new water into the pond, and apply basal fertilizer; S2. Species placement: Place clams and fish into the culture ponds and plant aquatic plants in the culture ponds; S3. Aquaculture regulation: Real-time monitoring of water quality issues, automatic prediction of water quality change trends, taking regulatory measures in advance, adjusting feeding amounts, and regulating water quality; S4. Feeding control: regularly measure the coverage of aquatic plants, select multiple measuring points at different locations in the culture pond, calculate the average coverage, and adjust the feeding amount of grass carp according to the results of the aquatic plant coverage; S5. Post-management: Observe the activities of organisms in the pond, regulate the transparency of the water, regularly disinfect the pond and prevent diseases, and harvest mature organisms.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the facility preparation comprises the following steps: S11. Culture pond selection: Choose a culture pond with a water depth of 1.5-2.5 meters. The water quality should be rich, active, clean and refreshing. The water source should be sufficient and pollution-free, and there should be a complete water supply and drainage system. S12. Pond cleaning and disinfection: 10-15 days before stocking, drain the pond water, remove excess silt, and disinfect the entire pond with quicklime and bleaching powder; S13. Equipment installation: install oxygenation equipment and feeding equipment in the pond, and set up hanging ropes and floating balls to hang clams; S14. Water quality cultivation: 7-10 days before stocking, new water is injected into the culture pond, and then fermented organic fertilizers, including chicken manure, duck manure and cow manure, are applied to cultivate plankton in the water body. In the process of cultivating plankton, some beneficial microbial flora are introduced into the water. The beneficial microbial flora are photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the species release comprises the following steps: S21. Release of mussels: Select mussels with regular shape, plump meat, and no disease, register the mussels by number, and release 2 mussels per square meter; S22. Fish stocking: Calculate the stocking quantity and proportion of different species based on the ecological capacity of the culture pond and the ecological relationship between species. Mainly stock herbivorous and filter-feeding fish species, with omnivorous fish species in combination. Do not stock carnivorous fish species. S23. Aquatic plant planting: Plant aquatic plants in the cultivation pond, and control the coverage rate of aquatic plants at 30%-40%.

[0009] Preferably, in step S22, the calculation of the quantity and proportion of different species released comprises the following steps: A1. Collect the environmental parameters of the culture pond, including the area, depth, shape, water quality index, species and quantity of organisms in the culture pond, and understand the space, food and water quality conditions required for the growth of organisms in the culture pond; A2. Calculate the maximum carrying capacity of each organism based on the dissolved oxygen content and food resources in the culture pond, and adjust the initially calculated ecological capacity based on the interactions between species; A3. Set different species as variables, set constraints according to ecological capacity, competition between species and symbiotic relationships, set objective functions with the goal of optimal resource utilization and ecosystem balance, establish mathematical models, obtain theoretical values ​​of the number and proportion of different species released, combine the results of the mathematical model with actual breeding experience, and adjust the number and proportion of release.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, the breeding regulation comprises the following steps: S31. Install dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and pH monitoring equipment to obtain water quality data in real time and record monitoring data regularly; S32, feed amount adjustment: automatically predict water quality change trends based on dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and pH data, and adjust feed amount; S33. Water change regulation: According to the water quality monitoring results and the breeding stage, the frequency of water change should be reasonably arranged. Change the water every 7-10 days, and the amount of water changed should be 1 / 3 of the total water volume of the culture pond.

[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the automatic prediction of water quality change trend includes the following steps: B1. Collect water quality parameter data regularly at time intervals, perform preliminary processing and deep cleaning on the collected data, integrate data from different sensors, and form a complete water quality data set; B2. Extract valuable features from the raw data, including the changing trends of water quality parameters, seasonal characteristics, and correlations with other factors, to provide effective input for model training, select a time series prediction model, train the selected model using historical water quality data, and adjust model parameters; B3. Input the real-time collected water quality data into the optimized model. The model predicts the water quality change trend in the future based on the learned rules and sets the warning threshold of the water quality parameters. When the prediction result exceeds the warning threshold, the system automatically issues a warning message to notify the farmers to take corresponding measures. B4. Based on the water quality trend prediction results and early warning information, combined with aquaculture management experience, automatic control suggestions are generated. After the control measures are implemented, water quality changes are continuously monitored and the control effects are evaluated.

[0012] Preferably, in step S5, the post-management includes the following steps: S51. Transparency control: Observe the feeding of grass carp on aquatic plants and silver carp on plankton, determine their impact on water transparency, and maintain water transparency between 30-50cm; S52. Disinfect the culture pond regularly by spraying the whole pond with chlorine dioxide according to the prescribed concentration and method, observe the growth of the mussels, and diagnose and take appropriate treatment measures in time if any disease symptoms are found; S53. When clams and fish reach the harvesting standards, harvest them in a timely manner and catch clams and fish accurately.

[0013] Preferably, the bait feeding equipment includes a support frame, a feeding mechanism is installed on one side of the support frame, a feeding mechanism is installed on one end of the feeding mechanism, a material control mechanism is installed on one side of the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding box, one side of the feeding box is fixedly connected with a feed pipe, the outer surface of the feeding box is fixedly connected with a floating assembly, a second connecting disk is installed at one end of the feeding box, one side of the second connecting disk is rotatably connected with the first connecting disk, the middle part of the first connecting disk is fixedly connected with a guide tube, the middle part of the floating assembly is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, one side of the fixing plate is fixedly connected with a third motor, and the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected with the feeding disk through the fixing plate.

[0014] Preferably, the material control mechanism includes a fourth motor, one side of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first connecting disk, the output end of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to a gear, one side of the gear is meshed with a gear ring, the gear ring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second connecting disk, a sliding groove is provided on one side of the second connecting disk, a second connecting block is slidingly connected inside the sliding groove, one end of the second connecting block is fixedly connected to an opening and closing blade, the other end of the opening and closing blade is fixedly connected to the first connecting block, and one end of the first connecting block is rotatably connected to one side of the first connecting disk.

[0015] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a mixing box, a cover plate is installed on the top of the mixing box, one end of the cover plate is fixedly connected to a first motor, the output end of the first motor passes through one end of the mixing box and is fixedly connected to a stirring assembly, the bottom end of the mixing box is fixedly connected to a feeding cylinder, one end of the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected to a second motor, the output end of the second motor passes through one end of the feeding cylinder and is fixedly connected to a feeding rod, the other end of the feeding rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the feeding cylinder, the outer surface of the feeding rod is fixedly connected to a spiral blade, and the outer surface of the feeding rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the feeding pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the facility preparation stage, the present invention strictly screens the culture ponds, thoroughly disinfects and scientifically cultivates the water quality, creates a good start for aquaculture, reduces the risk of diseases, and uses beneficial microbial flora to enhance the self-purification ability of the water body. The quantity and proportion of release are accurately calculated, the ecological capacity is fully utilized, and the fish species are reasonably matched to ensure the stable operation of the ecosystem. Through real-time monitoring and intelligent prediction, the feeding amount and water change frequency are adjusted in time to effectively maintain the water quality and reduce the aquaculture losses caused by the deterioration of water quality. The grass carp feeding is adjusted according to the coverage rate of aquatic plants to maintain the reasonable growth of aquatic plants and promote ecological balance. Regular disinfection is carried out to prevent diseases, accurate fishing and experience summary are carried out, and the aquaculture method is continuously optimized to improve the aquaculture efficiency, achieving a win-win situation of ecological and economic benefits, and providing an effective model for sustainable aquaculture. 2. The present invention adds feed into the mixing box, and the first motor drives the stirring component to rotate, so as to mix and stir the feed inside the mixing box. The feed enters the inside of the feed tube and is transported to different feeding boxes. The fourth motor drives the gear to rotate, the first connecting disk rotates, and the middle parts of the overlapping multiple opening and closing blades open to send the feed out of the feeding box. The feed falls onto the feeding tray through the guide tube, which makes it easy to control the amount of feed that falls and is fed. The feeding tray is driven to rotate by the third motor, and the feed that falls on the feeding tray is sprinkled out by centrifugal force, thereby increasing the feeding range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an ecological regulation method for clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a feeding device for an ecological regulation method of clam-fish mixed culture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the feeding mechanism and the control mechanism of the ecological regulation method of clam-fish mixed culture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a feeding mechanism and a feeding control mechanism of an ecological regulation method for clam-fish co-culture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a method for controlling the ecological environment of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis Figure 4 A local enlarged structural schematic diagram; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a feeding box connection structure of an ecological regulation method for clam-fish co-culture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a feeding mechanism of an ecological regulation method for clam-fish co-culture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Support frame; 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Mixing box; 22. First motor; 23. Cover plate; 24. Stirring assembly; 25. Second motor; 26. Spiral blade; 27. Feeding rod; 28. Feeding barrel; 3. Feeding mechanism; 31. Feeding box; 32. Feeding tray; 33. Fixed plate; 34. Third motor; 35. Floating assembly; 36. Feeding pipe; 37. Guide pipe; 38. First connecting plate; 39. Second connecting plate; 4. Material control mechanism; 41. Fourth motor; 42. Gear; 43. Gear ring; 44. Opening and closing blades; 45. First connecting block; 46. Second connecting block; 47. Sliding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 As shown: A method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis, comprising the following steps: S1. Facility preparation: Select a breeding pond that meets the requirements, disinfect the entire pond, install the required equipment, inject new water into the pond, and apply basal fertilizer; Facility preparation includes the following steps: 11. Culture pond selection: Choose a suitable culture pond, which requires rich, active, clean and refreshing water, sufficient and pollution-free water source, and a complete water inlet and outlet system; 12. Pond cleaning and disinfection: 12 days before stocking, drain the pond water, remove excess silt, and then disinfect the entire pond with quicklime and bleaching powder to kill pathogens, wild fish and other harmful organisms; 13. Equipment installation: install oxygenation equipment and feeding equipment in the pond, set up hanging ropes and floating balls to hang clams; 14. Water quality cultivation: 8 days before stocking, new water is injected into the culture pond. When injecting water, a screen with a 70-mesh screen is installed at the water inlet to prevent harmful organisms from entering. Then, fermented and decomposed organic fertilizers, including chicken manure, duck manure and cow manure, are applied to cultivate plankton in the water body and provide natural bait for clams and fish. In the process of cultivating plankton, some beneficial microbial flora are introduced into the water. The beneficial microbial flora are photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus. These microorganisms can not only promote the growth of plankton, but also improve the bottom quality of the culture pond and enhance the self-purification ability of the water body. S2. Species placement: Place clams and fish into the culture ponds and plant aquatic plants in the culture ponds; Species release includes the following steps: 21. Release of clams: Select clams with regular shape, plump meat, and no disease, register the clams by number, and release clams at a rate of 2 clams per square meter. Be gentle when releasing clams to avoid damaging the clams; 22. Fish stocking: Calculate the quantity and proportion of different species to be stocked based on the ecological capacity of the culture pond and the ecological relationship between species. Stock mainly herbivorous and filter-feeding fish species, with omnivorous fish species in combination. Carnivorous fish species are prohibited. 23. Aquatic plant planting: Plant aquatic plants in the cultivation pond, and control the coverage rate of aquatic plants at 35%; Calculating the quantity and proportion of different species includes: collecting the environmental parameters of the culture pond, which include the area, depth, shape, water quality index, species and quantity of organisms in the culture pond, and understanding the space, food and water quality conditions required for the growth of organisms in the culture pond; calculating the maximum carrying capacity of each organism based on the dissolved oxygen content and food resources in the culture pond, and adjusting the preliminarily calculated ecological capacity in combination with the interaction between species; setting different species as variables, setting constraints based on ecological capacity, competition and symbiotic relationships between species, setting the objective function with the goal of optimal resource utilization and ecosystem balance, establishing a mathematical model, and obtaining theoretical values ​​of the quantity and proportion of different species released; combining the results of the mathematical model with actual breeding experience, and adjusting the quantity and proportion of release in consideration of the uncertainty in the actual breeding process; S3. Aquaculture regulation: Real-time monitoring of water quality issues, automatic prediction of water quality change trends, taking regulatory measures in advance, adjusting feeding amounts, and regulating water quality; Farming regulation includes the following steps: 31. Install dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and pH monitoring equipment to obtain water quality data in real time and record monitoring data regularly; 32. Feeding amount adjustment: Automatically predict the trend of water quality changes based on dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and pH data, and adjust the feeding amount. When the dissolved oxygen content decreases, reduce the feeding amount to prevent water quality deterioration due to excessive residual bait. When the ammonia nitrogen content increases, reduce the feeding amount and increase the frequency of water changes. 33. Water change control: According to the water quality monitoring results and the breeding stage, the frequency of water change should be reasonably arranged. The water should be changed every 8 days, and the amount of water changed should be 1 / 3 of the total water volume of the culture pond. When the water quality deteriorates or the breeding density is high, the frequency and amount of water change should be increased; Automatic prediction of water quality change trends includes: collecting water quality parameter data at regular intervals to ensure the timeliness and continuity of the data, preliminarily processing the collected data, removing outliers and noise interference, performing deep cleaning, further processing missing values ​​and outliers, integrating data from different sensors, and forming a complete water quality data set; extracting valuable features from the original data, including the change trend of water quality parameters, seasonal characteristics, and correlation with other factors, to provide effective input for model training, selecting a time series prediction model, using historical water quality data to train the selected model, and adjusting model parameters so that the model can accurately learn the laws of water quality changes; inputting the real-time collected water quality data into the optimized model, and the model predicts the water quality change trend for a period of time in the future based on the learned laws, setting the warning threshold of the water quality parameters, and when the prediction result exceeds the warning threshold, the system automatically issues a warning message to notify the breeder to take corresponding measures; based on the water quality change trend prediction results and warning information, combined with aquaculture management experience, automatic control suggestions are generated, and after the control measures are implemented, the water quality changes are continuously monitored and the control effect is evaluated; S4. Feeding control: regularly measure the coverage of aquatic plants, select multiple measurement points at different locations in the culture pond, calculate the average coverage, and adjust the feeding amount of grass carp according to the results of the aquatic plant coverage. When the aquatic plant coverage is greater than 60%, reduce the feeding amount of grass carp to encourage grass carp to eat too much aquatic plants and maintain the aquatic plant coverage within an appropriate range; when the aquatic plant coverage is too low, appropriately increase the feeding amount to protect the growth of aquatic plants; S5. Post-management: observe the activities of organisms in the pond, regulate the transparency of the water, regularly disinfect the pond and prevent diseases, and harvest mature organisms; Post-management includes the following steps: 51. Transparency control: Observe the feeding of grass carp on water plants and silver carp on plankton to determine their impact on water transparency. If grass carp is too slow to feed on water plants or silver carp is not filtering plankton enough, adjust the stocking density or take other measures. When water transparency is lower than 30cm, increase the number of silver carp or reduce the amount of fertilizer to reduce the number of plankton and improve water transparency. When water transparency is higher than 50cm, increase the amount of fertilizer or add some plankton species to promote plankton growth, maintain water transparency between 30-50cm, and ensure pearl gloss. 52. Disinfect the culture pond regularly by spraying chlorine dioxide in the entire pond according to the prescribed concentration and method, and observe the growth of the clams. If any disease symptoms are found, diagnose them in time and take appropriate treatment measures. When using drugs for treatment, pay attention to the dosage and safe interval of the drugs; 53. When clams and fish reach the harvesting standards, harvest them in a timely manner and catch clams and fish accurately. After harvesting, evaluate the entire breeding process, summarize the experience and lessons, provide reference for the next breeding, and continuously optimize the ecological regulation method of clam and fish mixed breeding.

[0021] Example 2: Reference Figure 2 - Figure 7 As shown: the feeding device includes a support frame 1, a feeding mechanism 2 is installed on one side of the support frame 1, a feeding mechanism 3 is installed on one end of the feeding mechanism 2, a feeding mechanism 4 is installed on one side of the feeding mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a feeding box 31, a feeding pipe 36 is fixedly connected to one side of the feeding box 31, a floating assembly 35 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the feeding box 31, a second connecting disk 39 is installed on one end of the feeding box 31, a first connecting disk 38 is rotatably connected to one side of the second connecting disk 39, and the first connecting disk 38 is A guide tube 37 is fixedly connected to the middle part, a fixed plate 33 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the floating component 35, a third motor 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 33, and the output end of the third motor 34 passes through the fixed plate 33 and is fixedly connected to the feeding tray 32; the material control mechanism 4 includes a fourth motor 41, one side of the fourth motor 41 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first connecting disk 38, a gear 42 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor 41, a gear ring 43 is meshed on one side of the gear 42, and the gear ring 43 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second connecting disk 39, a sliding groove 47 is provided on one side of the second connecting disk 39, a second connecting block 46 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove 47, one end of the second connecting block 46 is fixedly connected to an opening and closing blade 44, and the other end of the opening and closing blade 44 is fixedly connected to a first connecting block 45, and one end of the first connecting block 45 is rotatably connected to one side of the first connecting disk 38; the feeding mechanism 2 includes a mixing box 21, a cover plate 23 is installed on the top of the mixing box 21, one end of the cover plate 23 is fixedly connected to the first motor 22, and the first The output end of the motor 22 passes through one end of the mixing box 21 and is fixedly connected to the stirring assembly 24, the bottom end of the mixing box 21 is fixedly connected to the feeding cylinder 28, one end of the feeding cylinder 28 is fixedly connected to the second motor 25, the output end of the second motor 25 passes through one end of the feeding cylinder 28 and is fixedly connected to the feeding rod 27, the other end of the feeding rod 27 is rotatably connected to the other end of the feeding cylinder 28, the outer surface of the feeding rod 27 is fixedly connected to the spiral blade 26, and the outer surface of the feeding rod 27 is fixedly connected to the other end of the feeding pipe 36.

[0022] The cover plate 23 is divided into two parts that rotate with each other. One part is fixed on the top of the mixing box 21 and is used to install the first motor 22. The other part can be flipped open to add feed into the mixing box 21. The first motor 22 drives the stirring assembly 24 to rotate. The stirring assembly 24 consists of a connecting rod and multiple stirring rods fixed outside it, which are used to mix and stir the feed inside the mixing box 21. The feed enters the inside of the feeding barrel 28, and the feeding rod 27 and the spiral blade 26 are driven by the second motor 25 to rotate to transport the feed inside the feeding barrel 28. The length of the feeding barrel 28 is set according to the size of the pond. Multiple feeding pipes 36 can be connected at the bottom of the feeding barrel 28, which are distributed in different places of the culture pond, and the feed is transported to Inside different feeding boxes 31, the buoyancy of the floating assembly 35 makes the feeding box 31 float on the water surface. When feeding is needed, the fourth motor 41 drives the gear 42 to rotate, and the gear 42 moves on the outside of the meshing ring gear 43, driving the first connecting plate 38 to rotate, and the first connecting block 45 moves accordingly, driving the middle part of the overlapping multiple opening and closing blades 44 to open, so as to facilitate the delivery of feed from the inside of the feeding box 31. The feed falls on the feeding tray 32 through the guide tube 37, and the amount of feed dropped for feeding is controlled by controlling the opening size of the multiple opening and closing blades 44. The feeding tray 32 is driven to rotate by the third motor 34, and the feed dropped on the feeding tray 32 is sprinkled out by centrifugal force, thereby increasing the feeding range.

[0023] The present invention is based on the principle of multi-species mutualistic symbiosis and constructs a scientific and efficient clam-fish mixed culture ecological regulation system. First, high-quality culture ponds are selected. After the ponds are cleaned and disinfected, equipment is installed and new water is injected, basal fertilizer is applied, and beneficial microbial flora are introduced to create a good environment for aquaculture, promote the growth of plankton, and build a basic ecology. When species are released, the number and proportion of different species are determined according to accurate calculations, the needs of biological growth are considered, and the ecological relationship between species is combined. The theoretical value is calculated through a mathematical model and adjusted in combination with actual experience to achieve rational use of resources. In the process of aquaculture regulation, the dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and pH are used to determine the release quantity and proportion of different species. The value monitoring equipment can grasp the water quality data in real time, and the time series prediction model is used to predict water quality changes. According to the prediction results, when the dissolved oxygen content decreases or the ammonia nitrogen increases, the feeding amount and water change frequency are automatically adjusted to maintain stable water quality. The aquatic plant coverage rate is measured regularly, and the grass carp feeding amount and the aquatic plant coverage rate are linked to ensure that the aquatic plant coverage rate is in an appropriate range. Through the combination of biological behavior and artificial regulation, the transparency of the water body is maintained, the pearl gloss is guaranteed, regular disinfection is carried out to prevent diseases, and the clams and fish are harvested in time when they are mature. The whole process fully utilizes the mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship between clams, fish, aquatic plants and microorganisms through precise control of each link, so as to achieve a stable balance of the ecosystem and maximize the breeding benefits.

[0024] During the feeding process, feed is added to the mixing box 21, and the first motor 22 drives the stirring assembly 24 to rotate, mix and stir the feed inside the mixing box 21, and the feed enters the feed tube 28 to be transported to different feeding boxes 31. The buoyancy of the floating assembly 35 makes the feeding box 31 float on the water surface, and the gear 42 is driven to rotate by the fourth motor 41. The gear 42 moves on the outside of the meshing gear ring 43, driving the first connecting plate 38 to rotate, and the middle part of the overlapping multiple opening and closing blades 44 is opened to facilitate the feed to be sent out from the inside of the feeding box 31. The feed passes through the guide tube 37 and falls onto the feeding tray 32, which is convenient for controlling the amount of feed dropped and fed. The feeding tray 32 is driven to rotate by the third motor 34, and the feed dropped on the feeding tray 32 is sprinkled out by centrifugal force, thereby increasing the feeding range.

[0025] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Facility preparation: Select a breeding pond that meets the requirements, disinfect the entire pond, install the required equipment, inject new water into the pond, and apply basal fertilizer; S2. Species placement: Place clams and fish into the culture ponds and plant aquatic plants in the culture ponds; S3. Aquaculture regulation: Real-time monitoring of water quality issues, automatic prediction of water quality change trends, taking regulatory measures in advance, adjusting feeding amounts, and regulating water quality; S4. Feeding control: regularly measure the coverage of aquatic plants, select multiple measuring points at different locations in the culture pond, calculate the average coverage, and adjust the feeding amount of grass carp according to the results of the aquatic plant coverage; S5. Post-management: Observe the activities of organisms in the pond, regulate the transparency of the water, regularly disinfect the pond and prevent diseases, and harvest mature organisms.

2. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the facility preparation includes the following steps: S11. Culture pond selection: Choose a culture pond with a water depth of 1.5-2.5 meters. The water quality should be rich, active, clean and refreshing. The water source should be sufficient and pollution-free, and there should be a complete water supply and drainage system. S12. Pond cleaning and disinfection: 10-15 days before stocking, drain the pond water, remove excess silt, and disinfect the entire pond with quicklime and bleaching powder; S13. Equipment installation: install oxygenation equipment and feeding equipment in the pond, and set up hanging ropes and floating balls to hang clams; S14. Water quality cultivation: 7-10 days before stocking, new water is injected into the culture pond, and then fermented organic fertilizers, including chicken manure, duck manure and cow manure, are applied to cultivate plankton in the water body. In the process of cultivating plankton, some beneficial microbial flora are introduced into the water. The beneficial microbial flora are photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus.

3. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the species release includes the following steps: S21. Release of mussels: Select mussels with regular shapes, plump meat, and no disease, register the mussels by number, and release 2 mussels per square meter; S22. Fish stocking: Calculate the stocking quantity and proportion of different species based on the ecological capacity of the culture pond and the ecological relationship between species. Mainly stock herbivorous and filter-feeding fish species, with omnivorous fish species in combination. Do not stock carnivorous fish species. S23. Aquatic plant planting: Plant aquatic plants in the cultivation pond, and control the coverage rate of aquatic plants at 30%-40%.

4. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S22, the calculation of the quantity and proportion of different species released includes the following steps: A1. Collect the environmental parameters of the culture pond, including the area, depth, shape, water quality index, species and quantity of organisms in the culture pond, and understand the space, food and water quality conditions required for the growth of organisms in the culture pond; A2. Calculate the maximum carrying capacity of each organism based on the dissolved oxygen content and food resources in the culture pond, and adjust the initially calculated ecological capacity based on the interactions between species; A3. Set different species as variables, set constraints according to ecological capacity, competition between species and symbiotic relationships, set objective functions with the goal of optimal resource utilization and ecosystem balance, establish mathematical models, obtain theoretical values ​​of the number and proportion of different species released, combine the results of the mathematical model with actual breeding experience, and adjust the number and proportion of release.

5. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the breeding regulation includes the following steps: S31. Install dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, and pH monitoring equipment to obtain water quality data in real time and record monitoring data regularly; S32, feed amount adjustment: automatically predict water quality change trends based on dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and pH data, and adjust feed amount; S33. Water change regulation: According to the water quality monitoring results and the breeding stage, the frequency of water change should be reasonably arranged. Change the water every 7-10 days, and the amount of water changed should be 1 / 3 of the total water volume of the culture pond.

6. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the automatic prediction of water quality change trend includes the following steps: B1. Collect water quality parameter data regularly at time intervals, perform preliminary processing and deep cleaning on the collected data, integrate data from different sensors, and form a complete water quality data set; B2. Extract valuable features from the raw data, including the changing trends of water quality parameters, seasonal characteristics, and correlations with other factors, to provide effective input for model training, select a time series prediction model, train the selected model using historical water quality data, and adjust model parameters; B3. Input the real-time collected water quality data into the optimized model. The model predicts the water quality change trend in the future based on the learned rules and sets the warning threshold of the water quality parameters. When the prediction result exceeds the warning threshold, the system automatically issues a warning message to notify the farmers to take corresponding measures. B4. Based on the water quality trend prediction results and early warning information, combined with aquaculture management experience, automatic control suggestions are generated. After the control measures are implemented, water quality changes are continuously monitored and the control effects are evaluated.

7. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the post-management includes the following steps: S51. Transparency control: Observe the feeding of grass carp on aquatic plants and silver carp on plankton, determine their impact on water transparency, and maintain water transparency between 30-50cm; S52. Disinfect the culture pond regularly by spraying the whole pond with chlorine dioxide according to the prescribed concentration and method, observe the growth of the mussels, and diagnose and take appropriate treatment measures in time if any disease symptoms are found; S53. When clams and fish reach the harvesting standards, harvest them in a timely manner and catch clams and fish accurately.

8. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding device comprises a support frame (1), a feeding mechanism (2) is installed on one side of the support frame (1), a feeding mechanism (3) is installed on one end of the feeding mechanism (2), a feeding mechanism (4) is installed on one side of the feeding mechanism (3), the feeding mechanism (3) comprises a feeding box (31), one side of the feeding box (31) is fixedly connected to a feeding pipe (36), the outer surface of the feeding box (31) is fixedly connected to a floating assembly (35), one end of the feeding box (31) is installed with a second connecting disk (39), one side of the second connecting disk (39) is provided with a first connecting disk (38) rotatably connected, the middle part of the first connecting disk (38) is fixedly connected to a guide tube (37), the middle part of the floating assembly (35) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (33), one side of the fixing plate (33) is fixedly connected to a third motor (34), and the output end of the third motor (34) passes through the fixing plate (33) and is fixedly connected to a feeding disk (32).

9. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualistic symbiosis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material control mechanism (4) comprises a fourth motor (41), one side of the fourth motor (41) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first connecting disk (38), the output end of the fourth motor (41) is fixedly connected to a gear (42), one side of the gear (42) is meshed with a gear ring (43), the gear ring (43) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the second connecting disk (39), one side of the second connecting disk (39) is provided with a sliding groove (47), the interior of the sliding groove (47) is slidably connected to a second connecting block (46), one end of the second connecting block (46) is fixedly connected to an opening and closing blade (44), the other end of the opening and closing blade (44) is fixedly connected to a first connecting block (45), and one end of the first connecting block (45) is rotatably connected to one side of the first connecting disk (38).

10. The method for ecological regulation of clam-fish polyculture based on multi-species mutualism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) comprises a mixing box (21), a cover plate (23) is installed on the top of the mixing box (21), one end of the cover plate (23) is fixedly connected to a first motor (22), the output end of the first motor (22) passes through one end of the mixing box (21) and is fixedly connected to a stirring assembly (24), the bottom end of the mixing box (21) is fixedly connected to a feeding cylinder (28), one end of the feeding cylinder (28) is fixedly connected to a second motor (25), the output end of the second motor (25) passes through one end of the feeding cylinder (28) and is fixedly connected to a feeding rod (27), the other end of the feeding rod (27) is rotatably connected to the other end of the feeding cylinder (28), the outer surface of the feeding rod (27) is fixedly connected to a spiral blade (26), and the outer surface of the feeding rod (27) is fixedly connected to the other end of the feeding pipe (36).

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