An air purification system and control method for a hazardous waste storage room

Abstract

This invention discloses an air purification system and its control method for a hazardous waste storage room, belonging to the field of hazardous waste treatment technology. This invention solves the problem of balancing the safety and explosion-proof properties of hazardous waste storage rooms, good air purification effects, and low cost. The invention includes a hazardous component detection system, comprising several detection probes for detecting various hazardous components; an air purification system, comprising a suction mechanism and a gas purification mechanism. The activation of the suction mechanism and its activation power are determined based on the detection results of the hazardous component detection system, the maximum power of the suction mechanism, and the purification effect of the gas purification mechanism. The control system enables human-machine interaction and controls the coordinated operation of various systems. This invention sets thresholds for activating and deactivating the air purification system for various hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room. The air purification system is activated when the content of a certain hazardous component exceeds the threshold, effectively reducing costs compared to the previous method of continuously keeping the air purification system on.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hazardous waste treatment technology, specifically relating to an air purification system for a hazardous waste storage room and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] The hazardous waste generated by Chinese herbal medicine processing companies mainly includes spent activated carbon, spent reagent packaging bottles, and laboratory waste. Specifically, spent activated carbon is used to adsorb organic waste gases and is generated during the waste gas treatment process; spent reagent packaging bottles are packaging bottles that have been contaminated with reagents during experimental testing; and laboratory waste consists of organic waste liquids and items contaminated with organic waste liquids generated during experimental testing.

[0003] Existing technologies include dedicated storage rooms for hazardous waste, equipped with fans that draw harmful gases emitted from the storage room to a purification system for purification. However, since the amount of hazardous waste stored in the storage room varies at different times, keeping the fans running continuously, while achieving good purification results, also wastes resources and leads to higher production costs for enterprises. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the challenges of balancing safety and explosion protection, effective air purification, and low cost in existing technologies for hazardous waste storage rooms, this invention provides an air purification system and control method for hazardous waste storage rooms.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] An air purification system for a hazardous waste storage room includes:

[0007] The hazardous component detection system includes several detection probes for detecting various hazardous components. The installation position of each detection probe is set according to the distribution of various hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room, the placement position of the hazardous waste, and the layout of the hazardous waste storage room.

[0008] An air purification system includes an interconnected suction mechanism and a gas purification mechanism. The system determines whether the suction mechanism should be activated and its activation power based on the detection results of the harmful component detection system, the maximum power of the suction mechanism, and the purification effect of the gas purification mechanism.

[0009] Temperature detection system for detecting the indoor temperature of hazardous waste storage room;

[0010] The data storage and processing system is used to record hazardous waste storage data and, based on the type of hazardous waste, the amount of hazardous waste stored, the indoor temperature, and the size of the indoor space, to calculate the predicted content of hazardous substances in the air in real time. The system then compares the predicted content of various hazardous substances in the air obtained from the analysis with the actual content of various hazardous substances detected by the hazardous component detection system.

[0011] An alarm system is used to analyze and determine whether the difference between the expected content and the actual content of a harmful component exceeds a threshold in the data storage and processing system, and then issue an alarm.

[0012] A control system is used to enable human-computer interaction and control the coordinated operation of various systems.

[0013] By adopting this technical solution, the present invention places detection probes for detecting various harmful gases at different heights within the hazardous waste storage room, based on the different distribution caused by the varying densities of different hazardous wastes. This achieves accurate detection of different harmful gases and effectively improves the accuracy of hazardous gas detection. Furthermore, the present invention calculates the predicted real-time concentration of harmful substances in the air based on the type of hazardous waste, the amount of hazardous waste stored, the indoor temperature, and the size of the indoor space. It then compares the predicted concentrations of various harmful substances in the air with the actual concentrations detected by the hazardous component detection system. When the difference exceeds a threshold, it indicates a possible leak, allowing personnel to handle the situation promptly and prevent harmful components from leaking into the environment, thus ensuring energy conservation and emission reduction, and effectively avoiding environmental pollution.

[0014] Preferably, at least one air vent is provided in the hazardous waste storage room near each detection probe, and each air vent is equipped with an electric valve. The opening degree of the electric valve at each air vent is determined according to the detection results of each detection probe.

[0015] When this technical solution is adopted, the air purification system is activated when one of the detection probes detects that the content of harmful components exceeds the threshold. Since the power of the air purification system is fixed, in order to achieve rapid removal and purification of harmful components, this invention determines the opening of each air vent based on the detection results. For example, the air vent near the detection probe where the content exceeds the threshold can be opened to the maximum, while the opening of other air vents is determined according to the difference from the threshold. For example, if the difference from the threshold exceeds 50%, it can be opened only 10%-20% or even not opened at all. In this way, the suction power is mainly concentrated in the area where the harmful components exceed the standard, so as to achieve rapid removal and purification of harmful components and reduce purification costs.

[0016] Preferably, the gas purification mechanism includes a first purifier and a second purifier connected in series.

[0017] Preferably, the detection probe includes a methanol detection probe and an acetonitrile detection probe, with the methanol detection probe located in the upper part of the hazardous waste storage chamber and the acetonitrile detection probe located in the lower part of the hazardous waste storage chamber.

[0018] Preferably, the acetonitrile detection probe is positioned 30-50cm from the ground of the hazardous waste storage room, and the methanol detection probe is positioned 50-200cm above the hazardous waste storage area.

[0019] A control method for an air purification system in a hazardous waste storage room includes:

[0020] The start-up and stop-down thresholds of the air purification system are determined based on the type of hazardous waste, the size of the hazardous waste storage room, the purification efficiency of the gas purification mechanism, and the suction power of the suction mechanism. When the content of harmful components detected by one of the detection probes exceeds the start-up threshold, the air purification system is activated and then deactivated when the content of harmful components falls below the stop-down threshold.

[0021] The system compares the estimated real-time concentration of hazardous substances in the air, calculated based on the amount of hazardous waste stored, indoor temperature, and indoor space size, with the detection results from the hazardous component detection system. When the difference exceeds a set value, a leak alarm is issued.

[0022] As a preferred option, the system also includes determining the expected start-up time of the air purification system based on the type of hazardous waste, indoor temperature, amount of hazardous waste stored, and size of the indoor space, and determining whether the start-up time of the air purification system falls during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower. If it falls during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower, the air purification system is started according to the start-up threshold. If it does not fall during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower, the air purification system is started on the night before the expected start-up time.

[0023] After adopting this technical solution, since the electricity price at night is generally slightly lower than the electricity price during the day in most areas, in order to reduce the purification cost, this invention determines the expected start time of the air purification system based on the type of hazardous waste, the concentration of organic waste gas, the indoor temperature, the amount of hazardous waste stored, and the size of the indoor space, and determines whether the start time is during the period when the electricity price is at its lowest at night. If so, no adjustment is made; if not, it can be started in advance. This ensures the purification effect while minimizing the required electricity cost, thereby further reducing the cost.

[0024] Preferably, when the content of harmful components detected by one of the detection probes exceeds the activation threshold, the air purification system is activated, and the electric valve at the air outlet near that detection probe is opened to the maximum. The opening of the electric valves at the air outlets near the other detection probes is determined according to the difference between the content of harmful components at this time and the activation threshold.

[0025] Preferably, the system also includes detecting the content of hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room using a hazardous component detection system when any parameter changes, such as the type of hazardous waste, indoor temperature, or the amount of hazardous waste stored. Based on the type of hazardous waste, indoor temperature, amount of hazardous waste stored, and size of the indoor space, the system determines the expected start-up time of the air purification system. Then, the system is turned off, and 10-30 minutes before the expected start time, the system is restarted to detect the content of hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room. Based on the detection results, the air purification system is then activated.

[0026] By adopting this technical solution, the present invention intermittently starts the air purification system according to the expected start-up time. Therefore, it is not necessary to keep the air purification system running continuously, nor is it necessary to keep the harmful component detection system running continuously. This not only ensures the purification effect, but also reduces the energy consumption required by the harmful component detection system, further reducing costs.

[0027] As a preferred option, when the hazardous component detection system is intermittently turned on and off, the system is activated every 30-60 minutes during the time period when it should be turned off to detect hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room. The expected content is compared with the actual content of various hazardous components detected by the system. When the difference exceeds the threshold, the alarm system is activated.

[0028] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. Based on the characteristic that different hazardous wastes with different densities will settle in different locations in the hazardous waste storage room, this invention sets up corresponding detection probes at various locations in the hazardous waste storage room to achieve accurate detection of different hazardous wastes and ensure the purification effect.

[0030] 2. This invention calculates the estimated content of hazardous substances in the air in real time based on the amount of hazardous waste stored, indoor temperature, and indoor space size, and compares the estimated content with the actual detection results in real time. If the difference exceeds the set value, it indicates that there may be a leak of hazardous components, and an alarm is issued to remind operators to deal with it in time, which can effectively prevent environmental pollution caused by the leakage of hazardous components.

[0031] 3. This invention sets thresholds for starting and stopping the air purification system for various harmful components in the hazardous waste storage room. The air purification system is only activated when the content of a certain harmful component exceeds the threshold, which effectively reduces costs compared to keeping the air purification system on all the time. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Among them, 1-first purifier, 2-second purifier, 3-suction mechanism, 4-electric valve, 5-air outlet, 6-hazardous waste storage room. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an air purification system for a hazardous waste storage room includes:

[0037] The hazardous component detection system includes several detection probes for detecting various hazardous components. The installation positions of each detection probe are determined based on the distribution of various hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room 6, the placement location of the hazardous waste, and the layout of the hazardous waste storage room 6. Since the hazardous waste generated during the production of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces mainly originates from organic solvents and other hazardous wastes used in quality testing, and is relatively homogeneous, the detection probes in this embodiment only include methanol and acetonitrile detection probes. In other embodiments, the number and types of detection probes can be set according to the different hazardous gases generated by different hazardous wastes. The methanol detection probe is installed at the top of the hazardous waste storage room 6, 1m away from the highest point of the hazardous waste pile, and the acetonitrile detection probe is installed at the bottom of the hazardous waste storage room 6, 40cm above the ground. It should be noted that the methanol and acetonitrile detection probes should maintain a distance of at least 0.5m from the placement location of the hazardous waste to avoid misjudgment due to the probes being too close to the hazardous waste.

[0038] The air purification system includes an interconnected suction mechanism 3 and a gas purification mechanism. The activation of the suction mechanism 3 and its activation power are determined based on the detection results of the hazardous component detection system, the maximum power of the suction mechanism 3, and the purification effect of the gas purification mechanism. In this embodiment, the gas purification mechanism includes a first purifier 1 and a second purifier 2 connected in series. Both the first purifier 1 and the second purifier 2 are activated carbon purifiers. The first purifier 1 is connected to the air vent 5 on the hazardous waste storage chamber 6, and the second purifier 2 is connected to the suction mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the suction mechanism 3 is an air pump, and its gas outlet is connected to an exhaust pipe. When a start signal is received, the suction mechanism starts, generating suction to draw air containing hazardous components from the hazardous waste storage chamber 6 into the gas purification mechanism. The air then passes through the first purifier 1 and the second purifier 2 sequentially before being discharged into the exhaust pipe for venting, thereby purifying the hazardous gases. It should be noted that the purification performance of the first purifier 1 and the second purifier 2 is set according to the type of hazardous waste, the amount of hazardous waste stored, and the size of the indoor space. Therefore, the gas can meet the emission standards after being purified by the first purifier 1 and the second purifier 2.

[0039] A temperature detection system is used to detect the indoor temperature of the hazardous waste storage room. In this embodiment, the temperature detection system consists of temperature sensors installed inside the hazardous waste storage room 6. It should be noted that the number of temperature sensors is determined based on the size of the hazardous waste storage room 6. If the hazardous waste storage room 6 is large, multiple temperature sensors can be installed at various locations within the hazardous waste storage room 6, and the average value detected by each sensor is used as the detected temperature data. When the room is small, only one temperature sensor can be installed. In this embodiment, the room size is approximately 160 square meters, therefore two temperature sensors are installed, and the average temperature detected by the two sensors is used as the detected temperature data.

[0040] The data storage and processing system stores hazardous waste inflow and outflow data. Based on this data, it calculates the storage volume of various hazardous wastes within hazardous waste storage chamber 6. Furthermore, based on the storage volume, temperature within chamber 6, and size of the chamber, it calculates the predicted concentration of various hazardous substances in the air in real time. An alarm system is activated when the predicted concentration differs significantly from the actual concentration detected by the hazardous component detection system. In this embodiment, the alarm system is activated when the difference between the predicted concentration and the actual concentration detected by the hazardous component detection system is greater than or equal to 10%.

[0041] An alarm system is used to issue alerts. In this embodiment, the alarm system is an audible and visual alarm system, which can emit an alarm sound and flashing lights to alert operators. In other embodiments, the alarm system can also establish a connection with the enterprise's management system, so that when a leak is detected, operators can be notified in a timely manner to prevent harmful gases from leaking into the surrounding environment.

[0042] The control system is used to realize human-machine interaction and control the coordinated operation of various systems. The control system includes an operation panel installed on the outer wall of the hazardous waste storage chamber 6. Through the operation panel, the parameters of each system can be adjusted, and the entire system can be turned on or off. At the same time, it can also complete the input of hazardous waste inflow and outflow data (including the type and quantity of hazardous waste).

[0043] In one embodiment, an air vent 5 is provided near each detection probe in the hazardous waste storage room 6, that is, an air vent 5 is provided near the methanol detection probe and the acetonitrile detection probe. In other embodiments, a filter screen can also be provided at the air vent 5 to intercept solid impurities and prevent solid impurities in the room from entering the air purification system and affecting the purification effect. In this embodiment, the size of the air vent is about 15cm, and each air vent 5 is provided with an electric valve 4. The opening degree of the electric valve 4 at each air vent 5 is determined according to the detection results of each detection probe. When one of the detection probes detects that the content of harmful components exceeds the threshold, the air purification system is activated. Since the power of the air purification system is fixed, in order to achieve rapid removal and purification of harmful components, this invention determines the opening of each air vent 5 based on the detection results. In this embodiment, the air vent 5 near the detection probe that detected the content exceeding the threshold is opened to the maximum (if multiple detection probes detect the content exceeding the threshold, the air vent 5 around each detection probe is opened to the maximum). For other detection probes that have not yet detected the content exceeding the threshold, their opening is determined based on the difference from the threshold. Specifically: if the difference from the threshold exceeds 50%, it can be opened to 20%; if the difference from the threshold is 20-50%, it can be opened to 50%; if the difference from the threshold is 0-20%, it can be opened to 80%. In this way, the suction power is mainly concentrated in the area where the harmful components exceed the standard, achieving rapid removal and purification of harmful components, and also reducing purification costs.

[0044] A control method for an air purification system in a hazardous waste storage room, using the aforementioned air purification system, includes:

[0045] The start-up and stop-down thresholds of the air purification system are determined based on the type of hazardous waste, the size of the hazardous waste storage room 6, the purification efficiency of the gas purification mechanism, and the suction power of the suction mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the start-up threshold for methanol is 6 ppm and the stop-down threshold is 3 ppm, while the start-up threshold for acetonitrile is 9 ppm and the stop-down threshold is 4.5 ppm. When the content of harmful components detected by one of the detection probes exceeds the start-up threshold, a signal is transmitted to the air purification system. When the air purification system receives the start-up signal, the first purifier 1, the second purifier 2, and the suction mechanism are activated to generate suction, thereby drawing the air containing harmful components in the hazardous waste storage room 6 into the gas purification mechanism. After passing through the first purifier 1 and the second purifier 2 in sequence, the air is discharged into the exhaust pipe for venting, thus purifying the harmful gases. The air purification system is then shut down when the content of harmful components is lower than the stop-down threshold.

[0046] Meanwhile, the data storage and processing system compares the real-time predicted levels of hazardous substances in the air, calculated based on the amount of hazardous waste stored, indoor temperature, and room size, with the detection results from the hazardous component detection system. When the difference exceeds 10%, a leak alarm is issued. By calculating the real-time predicted levels of hazardous substances in the air based on the amount of hazardous waste stored, indoor temperature, and room size, and comparing these predicted levels with the actual detection results in real time, the system indicates a potential leak of hazardous components if the difference exceeds a set value. This triggers an alarm to alert operators and ensure timely intervention, effectively preventing environmental pollution caused by hazardous component leaks.

[0047] In one embodiment, for situations where the air purification system is activated only once every ten to twenty hours due to a large space and a small amount of hazardous waste, the data storage and processing system further includes determining the expected activation time of the air purification system based on the type of hazardous waste, indoor temperature, amount of hazardous waste stored, and size of the indoor space. It also determines whether the activation time falls during a nighttime period with lower electricity costs (e.g., 10 PM to 8 AM the next day). If it does, the air purification system is activated according to the activation threshold; otherwise, it is activated the night before the expected activation time. Activating the air purification system during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower can effectively reduce the effective cost of the air purification system. However, it should be noted that if the hazardous waste storage room 6 is small and contains a large amount of hazardous waste, requiring extraction every few hours, and the extraction time cannot be shifted to the night, then activating the air purification system according to the activation threshold is sufficient.

[0048] In one embodiment, the method further includes detecting the content of hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room using a hazardous component detection system when any parameter changes, such as the initial system startup, hazardous waste type, indoor temperature, or hazardous waste storage volume. A data storage and processing system then calculates the estimated start-up time of the air purification system based on the hazardous waste type, indoor temperature, hazardous waste storage volume, and indoor space size. The hazardous component detection system is then shut down, and for 30 minutes prior to the estimated start time, it is continuously activated to monitor the content of hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room in real time. The air purification system is then activated based on the detection results. This invention intermittently activates the air purification system according to the estimated start-up time, thus eliminating the need for continuous operation of either the air purification system or the hazardous component detection system. This ensures purification effectiveness while reducing the energy consumption of the hazardous component detection system, further lowering costs. Meanwhile, in order to also detect whether there is a leak of harmful gas in the hazardous waste storage room 6, the hazardous component detection system is activated every 30-60 minutes during the time period when the hazardous component detection system should be turned off to detect harmful components in the environment and to determine whether the detected results are consistent with the expected results. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, the alarm system is activated. This setting takes into account both leak detection and power consumption.

[0049] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the technical solution of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An air purification system for a hazardous waste storage room, characterized in that: include: The hazardous component detection system includes several detection probes for detecting various hazardous components. The installation position of each detection probe is set according to the distribution of various hazardous components in the hazardous waste storage room (6), the placement position of the hazardous waste, and the layout of the hazardous waste storage room (6). The methanol detection probe and the acetonitrile detection probe should maintain a distance of at least 0.5m from the placement position of the hazardous waste. The air purification system includes an interconnected suction mechanism (3) and a gas purification mechanism. The start-up of the suction mechanism (3) and its starting power are determined by the detection results of the harmful component detection system, the maximum power of the suction mechanism (3), and the purification effect of the gas purification mechanism. Temperature detection system is used to detect the indoor temperature of the hazardous waste storage room (6); The data storage and processing system is used to record hazardous waste storage data and, based on the type of hazardous waste, the amount of hazardous waste stored, the indoor temperature, and the size of the indoor space, to calculate the predicted content of hazardous substances in the air in real time. The system then compares the predicted content of various hazardous substances in the air obtained from the analysis with the actual content of various hazardous substances detected by the hazardous component detection system. An alarm system is used to analyze and determine whether the difference between the expected content and the actual content of a harmful component exceeds a threshold in the data storage and processing system, and then issue an alarm. A control system is used to enable human-computer interaction and control the coordinated operation of various systems. The hazardous waste storage room (6) is equipped with at least one air vent (5) near each detection probe. Each air vent (5) is equipped with an electric valve (4). The opening degree of the electric valve (4) at each air vent (5) is determined according to the detection results of each detection probe. The detection probes include a methanol detection probe and an acetonitrile detection probe. The methanol detection probe is located at the upper part of the hazardous waste storage chamber (6), and the acetonitrile detection probe is located at the lower part of the hazardous waste storage chamber (6). The acetonitrile detection probe is set at a distance of 30-50cm from the ground of the hazardous waste storage room (6), and the methanol detection probe is set at a distance of 50-200cm from the hazardous waste storage room (6) above the hazardous waste storage area.

2. The air purification system for a hazardous waste storage room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas purification mechanism includes a first purifier (1) and a second purifier (2) connected in series.

3. A control method for an air purification system for a hazardous waste storage room as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: include: The start-up threshold and shut-off threshold of the air purification system are determined based on the type of hazardous waste, the size of the hazardous waste storage room (6), the purification efficiency of the gas purification mechanism and the suction power of the suction mechanism (3). When the content of harmful components detected by one of the detection probes exceeds the start-up threshold, the air purification system is started and shut down until the content of harmful components is lower than the shut-off threshold. The system compares the estimated real-time concentration of hazardous substances in the air, calculated based on the amount of hazardous waste stored, indoor temperature, and indoor space size, with the detection results from the hazardous component detection system. When the difference exceeds a set value, a leak alarm is issued.

4. The control method for an air purification system in a hazardous waste storage room according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes determining the expected start time of the air purification system based on the type of hazardous waste, indoor temperature, amount of hazardous waste stored, and size of the indoor space, and determining whether the start time of the air purification system falls during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower. If it falls during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower, the air purification system is started according to the start threshold. If it does not fall during the nighttime period when electricity costs are lower, the air purification system is started on the night before the expected start time.

5. The control method for an air purification system in a hazardous waste storage room according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the content of harmful components detected by one of the detection probes exceeds the start-up threshold, the air purification system is activated, and the electric valve (4) at the air outlet (5) near that detection probe is opened to the maximum. The opening of the electric valve (4) at the air outlet (5) near the other detection probes is determined according to the difference between the content of harmful components and the start-up threshold at this time.

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