A gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system

Abstract

The present application relates to a gravity-gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system, belonging to the technical field of wheel casting. The system is disposed on a side mold and includes a pouring nozzle and a runner. The pouring nozzle is connected to the runner, and the outlet end of the runner is connected to the wheel hub mold cavity. The runner includes multiple diverter slot segments connected sequentially along the flow direction of the molten aluminum. The cross-sectional area of ​​each diverter slot segment decreases along the flow direction of the molten aluminum. The cross-sectional area changes between adjacent diverter slot segments form flow rate control nodes. A transition guide surface is provided at each flow rate control node. When the rate of change in cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diverter slot segment is greater than that of the downstream, the transition guide surface is configured as an inwardly concave arc. When the rate of change in cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diverter slot segment is less than that of the downstream, the transition guide surface is configured as an outwardly convex arc. By adjusting the gradient velocity of multiple diverter slot segments, the present application facilitates the control of the molten aluminum flow rate, thereby reducing turbulence and oxidation inclusions, and promoting improved filling uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wheel hub casting, and in particular to a gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel hub casting system. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy wheels have become an important alternative to traditional steel wheels in the automotive industry due to their lightweight, high specific strength, and excellent heat dissipation performance. In the field of manufacturing technology, gravity casting is still widely used in the production of mid- and low-end wheels due to its low equipment investment and strong process adaptability. However, this process has significant defects in the pouring process: traditional pouring systems usually adopt a straight-through runner design with a single cross-section. When the molten aluminum fills the mold quickly under the action of gravity, turbulence is easily formed in the runner, causing gas to be drawn into the mold cavity, resulting in defects such as pores and oxidation inclusions in the casting. In addition, due to the lack of flow rate control of the molten aluminum during the flow process, the temperature difference between the front and rear molten metal is too large, which can easily cause cold shut or incomplete filling, seriously affecting the density and mechanical properties of the wheel.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN202447589U discloses a molten metal pouring device for an automobile wheel hub casting mold, which improves the smoothness of the molten metal flow by adding a liquid storage chamber and an exhaust structure. However, this type of improvement only focuses on local gas discharge and fails to fundamentally optimize the control of the flow state of the molten aluminum by the flow channel structure. In traditional flow channel design, the cross-sectional area is mostly designed with linear reduction or step-by-step mutation. Although this method can partially adjust the flow rate, the molten aluminum will still produce a sudden drop in flow rate or secondary eddy currents when flowing through the cross-sectional area mutation area, resulting in uncontrolled temperature gradients at the front of the molten metal, exacerbating the risk of air entrainment and cold shut. Especially for the complex structure of the wheel hub cavity, the matching degree between the flow channel cross-sectional area and the flow rate is insufficient, resulting in uneven kinetic energy loss during the filling process of the molten aluminum, making it difficult to achieve laminar filling, and ultimately leading to problems such as coarse grains inside the wheel hub and discrete mechanical properties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to facilitate the regulation of the flow rate of molten aluminum, reduce turbulence and oxidation inclusions, and improve filling uniformity, the present application provides a gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system.

[0005] This application provides a gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system is provided on a side mold and includes a pouring gate and a runner. The pouring gate is connected to the runner, and the outlet end of the runner is connected to the wheel hub cavity. The runner includes a plurality of diverter gap segments connected in sequence along the flow direction of the molten aluminum. The cross-sectional area of ​​each diverter gap segment is arranged to decrease along the flow direction of the molten aluminum. Flow rate control nodes are formed between adjacent diverter gap segments by changing the cross-sectional area. Transition guide surfaces are provided at the flow rate control nodes.

[0007] When the rate of change of the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diversion gap section from beginning to end is greater than that of the downstream, the transition guide surface is set in an inward concave arc shape;

[0008] When the rate of change of the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diversion gap section from beginning to end is smaller than that of the downstream, the transition guide surface is arranged in an outward convex arc shape.

[0009] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, this application utilizes a design with multiple diverter slits in the flow channel with decreasing cross-sectional areas to achieve gradient velocity control during the flow of the molten aluminum, promoting a gradual change in flow resistance. The flow velocity control nodes optimize the kinetic energy distribution of the molten aluminum, reduce turbulence and oxide inclusions caused by sudden changes in flow velocity, and improve mold filling uniformity. The front end of the molten aluminum enters the hub cavity at a more stable speed, reducing metallographic loosening caused by pressure fluctuations in the rim area and improving the overall density of the casting. Furthermore, based on the varying rates of change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the different diverter slits, the transition guide surface adopts either a concave or convex arc shape to adapt to the changing flow velocity. The concave arc constricts the flow channel profile in areas of sudden decrease in cross-sectional area, accelerating the flow of the molten aluminum through the nodes and preventing localized stagnation. The convex arc expands the flow channel in areas of gradual changes in cross-sectional area, maintaining the stability of the molten aluminum flow. The curved surface guides the molten aluminum in smooth deflection, suppressing flow separation caused by sudden changes in cross-sectional area and ensuring a continuous transition of flow velocity between segments.

[0010] Optionally, a turbulence suppression groove is provided on the transition guide surface, and the depth of the turbulence suppression groove gradually decreases along the flow direction of the aluminum liquid.

[0011] By employing this technical solution, the turbulence suppression grooves are designed with decreasing depth, gradually weakening the eddy currents as the molten aluminum flows through the velocity control node. The groove structure disrupts the formation of large-scale vortices, dispersing turbulent energy into tiny eddies, reducing oxide scale exfoliation and secondary slag entrainment. The groove depth changes synchronously with the velocity gradient, avoiding new flow disturbances caused by sudden depth changes and maintaining the laminar flow of the molten aluminum.

[0012] Optionally, the diversion gap section at the very end is connected to a slag collecting bag, and the side of the slag collecting bag away from the flow channel is connected to the hub cavity.

[0013] By adopting this technical solution, the final diversion gap section connects to the slag collection bag, leveraging the inertia of the molten aluminum flow to guide slag and gas into the slag collection bag. The slag collection bag structure forms a physical isolation barrier, reducing the ingress of impurities into the wheel hub cavity and improving the surface finish and internal quality of the casting.

[0014] Optionally, a gradient vent hole is provided on the top of the slag collecting bag, which includes a tapered section, an expanded section and a spiral guide section sequentially connected along the exhaust direction, the aperture of the tapered section gradually decreases along the exhaust direction, the aperture of the expanded section gradually increases along the exhaust direction, and the inner wall of the spiral guide section is provided with a spiral air guide groove;

[0015] The axis of the gradual vent hole is arranged obliquely relative to the main flow direction of the aluminum liquid in the slag collecting bag, so that the gas discharge direction deviates from the central area of ​​the aluminum liquid flow.

[0016] By adopting this technical solution, during venting, the tapering section of the vent accelerates gas discharge by shrinking the aperture, the expanding section widens the flow path to stabilize the airflow, and the spiral gas guide grooves on the inner wall of the spiral guide section force the gas to spiral upward. The vent axis is tilted to deviate the gas discharge path from the main flow direction of the molten aluminum, preventing the high-speed molten aluminum from entraining the gas and forming a gas-liquid mixed flow. The gas is discharged along a predetermined trajectory, reducing its contact time with the molten aluminum and minimizing the impact of oxidation reactions and pressure fluctuations on the filling process.

[0017] Optionally, the rotation direction of the spiral air guide groove is opposite to the rotation direction of the aluminum liquid in the slag collecting bag, and the groove depth of the spiral air guide groove gradually decreases along the exhaust direction.

[0018] By adopting this technical solution, due to the geometric characteristics of the wheel hub mold, the molten aluminum preferentially flows along the circumferential path of least resistance during the filling process, easily forming a circumferential tangential flow when entering the slag collection bag. By designing the spiral gas guide grooves to have a rotation direction opposite to the molten aluminum swirl, a reverse shear force is generated during the gas's ascent, disrupting the gas-liquid coupled vortex. The groove depth decreases along the exhaust direction, forming a gradual flow path, which promotes a gradual decrease in gas flow rate and avoids pressure fluctuations caused by the sudden expansion structure. The reverse rotation design reduces the interference of the molten aluminum swirl on gas exhaust, improving exhaust efficiency while maintaining molten aluminum flow stability.

[0019] Optionally, a flow stabilizer is provided at the connection between the diameter expansion section and the spiral guide section. The flow stabilizer is composed of a porous ceramic matrix, and the extension direction of the pores thereof is the same as the exhaust direction.

[0020] By adopting this technical solution, the stabilizer achieves a uniform gas velocity distribution through a homogenous pore structure. The pores on the stabilizer extend in the same direction as the exhaust, guiding the gas into laminar flow and suppressing the regeneration of turbulence that is common in the expansion section. The stabilizer utilizes a porous ceramic substrate, whose high thermal stability ensures structural integrity even in high-temperature environments, preventing thermal deformation from disrupting the gas flow path and extending the stabilizer's service life.

[0021] Optionally, the pouring gate and the corresponding runner constitute an independent pouring unit, and at least two groups of the independent pouring units are provided and are evenly distributed on the side mold along the circumference of the hub cavity.

[0022] By employing this technical solution, multiple independent pouring units are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub cavity, allowing molten aluminum to simultaneously fill the hub cavity from multiple points. The diversion gaps in each independent pouring unit independently control the flow rate, balancing the circumferential filling pressure distribution and avoiding temperature gradients caused by single-point pouring. The ability to simultaneously pour from multiple independent pouring units shortens filling time, reduces stress concentration in the rim area caused by sequential solidification, and improves wheel dimensional accuracy.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes a split pouring cup arranged on the outside of the side mold, the split pouring cup includes a collecting cavity and a branch channel, the collecting cavity is arranged at the top cup end of the split pouring cup, the branch channel is arranged one-to-one corresponding to the independent pouring unit, and one end of the branch channel is connected to the collecting cavity, and the other end is used to be connected to the corresponding pouring port on the side mold.

[0024] By employing this technical solution, the split-type pouring cup's branch channels correspond to the individual pouring units, ensuring even distribution of molten aluminum to each flow channel. The converging chamber integrates the flow of molten aluminum before diversion, eliminating flow deviations within the pouring system. The split-type design allows the split-type pouring cup to be independently disassembled for maintenance, preventing failure of the entire pouring system due to localized blockage or wear, thereby improving mold maintenance efficiency and process adaptability.

[0025] Optionally, the split pouring cup is connected to the side mold via a detachable connecting assembly, and the detachable connecting assembly includes:

[0026] The mounting seat is provided at the upper end of the side mold, and the inner wall of the mounting seat is provided with a sealing slot arranged around the pouring port;

[0027] A sealing boss is adapted to the sealing slot and is provided at the lower end of the split pouring cup, and the branch channel passes through the sealing boss;

[0028] A high-temperature resistant thermal expansion sealing ring is embedded on the outer side of the sealing boss.

[0029] With this technical solution, the sealing slot of the removable connection assembly mates with the sealing boss, achieving a tight seal thanks to the expansion ring, which expands at high temperatures. When heated, the ring fills the gap, preventing aluminum leakage and gas intrusion. Upon cooling, it contracts, creating a clearance for quick replacement of the pouring cup. This structure achieves a balance between reliable sealing and easy maintenance in high-temperature casting environments, reducing production downtime and extending mold life.

[0030] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. By designing the flow channel into multiple diversion slits with decreasing cross-sectional areas, flow rate control nodes are formed, achieving gradient control of the aluminum liquid's flow velocity. This decreasing cross-sectional area pattern breaks the traditional linear flow inertia, prompting the aluminum liquid to automatically adjust its flow velocity as it passes through different diversion slits, reducing turbulence and the formation of oxide inclusions caused by sudden changes in flow velocity. The flow rate control nodes optimize the kinetic energy distribution of the aluminum liquid, reducing turbulence and oxide inclusions caused by sudden changes in flow velocity, and improving mold filling uniformity. The front end of the aluminum liquid enters the hub cavity at a more stable speed, reducing metal structure loosening caused by pressure fluctuations in the rim area and improving the overall density of the casting. Furthermore, concave or convex arc-shaped transition guide surfaces are provided at the flow rate control nodes to adapt to flow characteristics under different rates of cross-sectional area change. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diversion gap changes significantly, the transition guide surface adopts a concave arc shape to shrink the flow path profile, accelerate the flow of molten aluminum through the node, and prevent local stagnation. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diversion gap changes slightly, the transition guide surface adopts a convex arc shape to expand the flow path and maintain the stability of the molten aluminum flow. The curved surface guides the molten aluminum in a smooth direction, which helps to suppress flow separation and vortex generation, and ensure a continuous transition of flow rates between sections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the turbulence suppression groove in Example 1 of the present application.

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram illustrating the overall structure of the side mold in Example 1 of the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present application.

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0038] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Side mold; 2. Pouring gate; 3. Runner; 31. Diverter gap section; 32. Transition guide surface; 33. Turbulence suppression groove; 4. Slag collecting bag; 5. Gradual air vent; 51. Tapering section; 52. Expansion section; 53. Spiral guide section; 531. Spiral air guide groove; 54. Flow stabilizer; 6. Split pouring cup; 61. Collecting cavity; 62. Branch channel; 7. Removable connecting assembly; 71. Mounting seat; 711. Sealing slot; 72. Sealing boss; 73. High temperature resistant thermal expansion sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following combination Figures 1-6 , further details of this application are given.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] The first embodiment of the present application discloses a gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system. Figure 1 A gravity-gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system is installed on a side mold 1. The casting system includes a pouring gate 2 and a runner 3. The pouring gate 2 is connected to the runner 3, and the outlet of the runner 3 is used to communicate with the wheel hub cavity. The runner 3 includes multiple diverter gap segments 31 that are connected in sequence along the flow direction of the molten aluminum. The cross-sectional area of ​​each diverter gap segment 31 decreases along the flow direction of the molten aluminum, and the cross-sectional area changes between adjacent diverter gap segments 31 form flow rate control nodes.

[0042] This application achieves gradient control of the aluminum liquid's flow velocity by designing the flow channel 3 as multiple diversion slit segments 31 with decreasing cross-sectional areas, forming flow rate control nodes. This decreasing pattern of cross-sectional areas breaks the traditional linear flow inertia, prompting the aluminum liquid to automatically adjust its flow velocity as it flows through the different diversion slit segments 31, reducing turbulence and the formation of oxide inclusions caused by sudden changes in flow velocity. The configuration of the flow rate control nodes optimizes the kinetic energy distribution of the aluminum liquid, reduces turbulence and oxide inclusions caused by sudden changes in flow velocity, and improves filling uniformity. The front end of the aluminum liquid enters the hub cavity at a more stable speed, reducing the loosening of the metal structure caused by pressure fluctuations in the rim area and improving the overall density of the casting.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 A transition guide surface 32 is provided at the flow rate control node, and satisfies the following requirements: when the rate of change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diverter gap section 31 is greater than that of the downstream section, the transition guide surface 32 is configured as an inwardly concave arc; when the rate of change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diverter gap section 31 is less than that of the downstream section, the transition guide surface 32 is configured as an outwardly convex arc. The provision of a concave or convex transition guide surface 32 at the flow rate control node adapts to flow characteristics under different rates of change in cross-sectional area. When the rate of change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diverter gap section 31 is large, the concave transition guide surface 32 constricts the flow channel 3 profile, accelerating the flow of molten aluminum through the node and preventing localized stagnation. When the rate of change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the upstream diverter gap section 31 is small, the convex transition guide surface 32 expands the flow channel 3 and maintains the stability of the molten aluminum flow. The curved surface guides the molten aluminum in smooth deflection, suppressing flow separation and vortex formation, and ensuring a continuous transition of flow rates between sections.

[0044] Reference Figure 2The transition guide surface 32 is provided with a turbulence suppression groove 33, whose depth gradually decreases along the flow direction of the molten aluminum. This progressively decreasing depth of the turbulence suppression groove 33 gradually weakens the eddy currents as the molten aluminum passes through the velocity control node. The groove structure disrupts the formation of large-scale vortices, dispersing turbulent energy into tiny eddies, reducing oxide scale exfoliation and secondary slag entrainment. The groove depth changes in sync with the velocity gradient, preventing new flow disturbances caused by sudden depth changes and maintaining the laminar flow of the molten aluminum.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 The very end of the diversion gap 31 is connected to a slag collection bag 4, which uses the inertia of the molten aluminum to guide slag and gas into the slag collection bag 4. The side of the slag collection bag 4 away from the runner 3 is connected to the wheel hub cavity, allowing clean molten aluminum to enter the cavity molding area first, while slag-containing molten aluminum is retained in the slag collection bag 4. The slag collection bag 4 forms a physical isolation barrier, reducing the risk of impurities entering the wheel hub cavity, which helps improve the surface finish and internal structure quality of the casting.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The top of the slag collecting ladle 4 is provided with a gradient vent 5, which guides gas out along the edge of the ladle 4. This helps prolong the gas's residence time within the ladle 4, encourages tiny slag particles to float to the top of the ladle 4, and enhances its filtering effect. The gradient vent 5 comprises a tapered section 51, an expanded section 52, and a spiral guide section 53, which are sequentially connected along the exhaust direction. The aperture of the tapered section 51 gradually decreases along the exhaust direction, while the aperture of the expanded section 52 gradually increases along the exhaust direction. The inner wall of the spiral guide section 53 is provided with a spiral gas guide groove 531. The overall axis of the gradient vent 5 is tilted relative to the mainstream direction of the molten aluminum within the slag collecting ladle 4, so that the gas exhaust direction deviates from the central area of ​​the molten aluminum flow.

[0047] During exhaust, the aperture of the tapered section 51 gradually decreases to form a Venturi effect, accelerating the gas flow and forcing the gas to quickly escape from the slag bag 4, preventing the gas from forming trapped bubbles on the surface of the molten aluminum. The sudden increase in the aperture of the expanding section 52 significantly reduces the gas flow rate, preventing the high-speed airflow from disturbing the surface of the molten aluminum, causing the oxide scale to rupture or the secondary entrapment of slag. The spiral gas guide groove 531 on the inner wall of the spiral guide section 53 changes the gas flow pattern through geometric constraints, converting the originally disordered vortex into a directional spiral motion, reducing the contact area between the gas and the molten aluminum, and indirectly reducing the probability of oxidation reaction. The axis of the gradient vent 5 is tilted relative to the mainstream direction of the molten aluminum in the slag bag 4, so that the gas discharge direction deviates from the core area of ​​the molten aluminum flow, avoiding the high-speed molten aluminum entraining the gas to form turbulence, thereby reducing the internal porosity defects of the casting.

[0048] Reference Figure 3A flow stabilizer 54 is fixed at the connection between the expanded diameter section 52 and the spiral guide section 53. The flow stabilizer 54 is composed of a porous ceramic matrix, and the extension direction of its pores is the same as the exhaust direction. The flow stabilizer 54 balances the gas flow velocity distribution through a homogeneous pore structure. The extension direction of the pores on the flow stabilizer 54 is consistent with the exhaust direction, guiding the gas to form laminar flow and suppressing the turbulent regeneration common in the expanded diameter section 52. The porous structure of the flow stabilizer 54 also reduces the impact wear of the air flow on the spiral guide section 53 by dispersing the gas flow energy, thereby extending the service life of the vent. At the same time, the high thermal stability of the ceramic matrix ensures that the structural integrity is maintained in a high temperature environment, avoids thermal deformation from affecting the accuracy of the gas flow path, and indirectly ensures the durability of the exhaust effect.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 Due to the geometric characteristics of the wheel hub mold, the molten aluminum preferentially flows along the circumferential path with minimal resistance during the filling process, easily forming a circumferential tangential flow upon entering the slag collecting bag 4. To facilitate the generation of reverse shear force during the upward gas discharge process and disrupt the turbulent flow in the gas-liquid cross section, the spiral gas guide groove 531 is oriented in the opposite direction of the slag collecting bag 4's swirl. This weakens the momentum transfer between the gas and the molten aluminum, reducing the risk of oxide scale peeling and slag dispersion. Simultaneously, the groove depth of the spiral gas guide groove 531 gradually decreases along the exhaust direction, promoting a gradual decrease in gas flow rate during discharge and avoiding pressure fluctuations caused by the sudden expansion structure. The gradual groove depth adjusts the contact strength between the gas and the molten aluminum, ensuring exhaust efficiency while reducing gas interference with the molten aluminum flow, thereby improving the filling integrity of the wheel hub cavity.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 To facilitate simultaneous filling of the hub cavity with molten aluminum from multiple points, the pouring gate 2 and corresponding runners 3 form independent pouring units. At least two independent pouring units are provided, evenly distributed along the circumference of the hub cavity on the side mold 1. The diversion gap 31 in each independent pouring unit independently regulates the flow rate, balancing the circumferential filling pressure distribution and avoiding temperature gradients caused by single-point pouring. Furthermore, the ability to simultaneously pour from multiple independent pouring units shortens filling time, reduces stress concentration in the rim area caused by sequential solidification, and improves hub dimensional accuracy.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] The second embodiment of the present application discloses a gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system. Figure 5The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the pouring system also includes a split pouring cup 6 arranged on the outside of the side mold 1. The split pouring cup 6 includes a collecting cavity 61 and a branch channel 62. The collecting cavity 61 is arranged at the top cup end of the split pouring cup 6. The branch channel 62 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the independent pouring unit, and one end of the branch channel 62 is connected to the collecting cavity, and the other end is used to connect to the pouring port 2 on the side mold 1. When using the split pouring cup 6, its branch channel 62 corresponds to the independent pouring unit one-to-one, which can ensure that the aluminum liquid is evenly distributed to each runner 3; the collecting cavity 61 integrates the flow state of the aluminum liquid before diversion, which is conducive to eliminating flow deviations within the pouring system. The split design allows the split pouring cup 6 to be independently disassembled and maintained, avoiding failure of the entire pouring system due to local blockage or wear, and improving mold maintenance efficiency and process adaptability.

[0053] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The split pouring cup 6 is connected to the side mold 1 via a detachable connecting assembly 7. The detachable connecting assembly 7 includes a mounting seat 71, a sealing boss 72, and a high-temperature thermal expansion sealing ring 73. The mounting seat 71 is integrally formed at the upper end of the side mold 1, and the inner wall of the mounting seat 71 is provided with a sealing slot 711 arranged around the pouring port 2. The sealing boss 72 is adapted to the sealing slot 711 and is integrally formed at the lower end of the split pouring cup 6. The branch channel 62 passes through the sealing boss 72. The high-temperature thermal expansion sealing ring 73 is embedded on the outer side of the sealing boss 72. In this second embodiment, the high-temperature thermal expansion sealing ring 73 is composed of an expanded graphite tape and a ceramic fiber layer wound around the expanded graphite tape. The high-temperature thermal expansion sealing ring 73 can completely fill the gap between the sealing boss 72 and the sealing slot 711 after thermal expansion at a predetermined temperature.

[0054] During use, the sealing slot 711 of the removable connecting assembly 7 mates with the sealing boss 72, achieving a tight seal via the high-temperature, thermally resistant expansion ring 73, which expands at high temperatures. When heated, the heat-resistant expansion ring 73 fills the gap, preventing aluminum leakage and gas intrusion. Upon cooling, it contracts, leaving a clearance for removal and facilitating quick replacement of the pouring cup. This detachable connecting assembly 7 achieves a balance between reliable sealing and convenient maintenance in high-temperature casting environments, reducing production downtime and extending the mold's service life.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel hub casting system, provided on a side mold (1), comprising a pouring port (2) and a runner (3), wherein the pouring port (2) is connected to the runner (3), and the outlet end of the runner (3) is connected to the wheel hub cavity, characterized in that: The flow channel (3) comprises a plurality of diverter slit sections (31) connected in sequence along the flow direction of the aluminum liquid, the cross-sectional area of ​​each diverter slit section (31) being arranged to decrease along the flow direction of the aluminum liquid, and flow rate control nodes are formed between adjacent diverter slit sections (31) by changing the cross-sectional area, and transition guide surfaces (32) are provided at the flow rate control nodes; When the rate of change of the cross-sectional area at the beginning and end of the upstream diversion gap section (31) is greater than that at the downstream, the transition guide surface (32) is arranged in an inwardly concave arc shape; When the rate of change of the cross-sectional area at the beginning and end of the upstream diversion gap section (31) is smaller than that at the downstream, the transition guide surface (32) is arranged in an outwardly convex arc shape; The diversion gap section (31) at the end is connected to a slag collecting bag (4), and the side of the slag collecting bag (4) away from the flow channel (3) is connected to the hub cavity; The top of the slag collecting bag (4) is provided with a gradual vent hole (5), which comprises a tapered section (51), an expanded section (52) and a spiral guide section (53) which are sequentially connected along the exhaust direction; the aperture of the tapered section (51) gradually decreases along the exhaust direction, the aperture of the expanded section (52) gradually increases along the exhaust direction, and the inner wall of the spiral guide section (53) is provided with a spiral air guide groove (531); The axis of the gradual vent hole (5) is arranged to be inclined relative to the main flow direction of the aluminum liquid in the slag collecting bag (4), so that the gas discharge direction deviates from the central area of ​​the aluminum liquid flow.

2. The gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A turbulence suppression groove (33) is provided on the transition guide surface (32), and the depth of the turbulence suppression groove (33) gradually decreases along the flow direction of the aluminum liquid.

3. The gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the spiral air guide groove (531) is opposite to the rotation direction of the aluminum liquid in the slag collection bag (4), and the groove depth of the spiral air guide groove (531) gradually decreases along the exhaust direction.

4. The gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow stabilizer (54) is provided at the connection between the diameter expansion section (52) and the spiral flow guide section (53). The flow stabilizer (54) is composed of a porous ceramic matrix, and the extension direction of the pores is the same as the exhaust direction.

5. The gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pouring gate (2) and the corresponding flow channel (3) constitute an independent pouring unit. There are at least two groups of the independent pouring units, which are evenly distributed on the side mold (1) along the circumference of the hub cavity.

6. The gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also includes a split pouring cup (6) arranged outside the side mold (1), the split pouring cup (6) including a collecting cavity (61) and a branch channel (62), the collecting cavity (61) being arranged at the top cup end of the split pouring cup (6), the branch channel (62) being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the independent pouring units, and one end of the branch channel (62) being connected to the collecting cavity, and the other end being used for corresponding communication with the pouring port (2) on the side mold (1).

7. The gravity gap gradient aluminum alloy wheel casting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The split pouring cup (6) is connected to the side mold (1) via a detachable connecting component (7), and the detachable connecting component (7) comprises: A mounting seat (71) is provided at the upper end of the side mold (1), and an inner wall thereof is provided with a sealing slot (711) arranged around the pouring port (2); A sealing boss (72) adapted to the sealing slot (711) and provided at the lower end of the split pouring cup (6), wherein the branch channel (62) passes through the sealing boss (72); A high temperature resistant thermal expansion sealing ring (73) is embedded on the outer side of the sealing boss (72).

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