A deep well casting device for safe aluminum alloy pipes

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting equipment and discloses a deep-well casting device for safe aluminum alloy tubes, comprising a crystallizer platform and a starter head. The crystallizer platform includes a crystallizer unit, which cooperates with the starter head to cast the aluminum alloy tube. The crystallizer unit includes a core crystallizer and an outer ring crystallizer coaxial with the core crystallizer and spaced apart from the outside of the core crystallizer. The annular cavity enclosed by the core crystallizer and the outer ring crystallizer is used to cool the aluminum liquid to form a primary solidification shell. The bottoms of the core crystallizer and the outer ring crystallizer respectively spray coolant onto the inner and outer sides of the primary solidification aluminum alloy tube. In the present invention, the outer ring crystallizer is provided with a first external spray hole, a second external spray hole, and an adjustment mechanism. When the first external spray hole becomes blocked, the adjustment mechanism opens the second external spray hole to ensure safe and continuous production of the aluminum alloy tube, thereby helping to ensure the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting equipment, and in particular relates to a deep-well casting device for a safety aluminum alloy pipe. Background Art

[0002] Deep-well casting (vertical continuous casting), a core process for aluminum alloy tube production, achieves fine grain strengthening through rapid cooling and is widely used in fields such as oil drilling, lightweight automobiles, and aerospace. The production process for aluminum alloy tubes is as follows: the metal is melted in a smelting furnace and transferred to a distribution chute. Once the temperature reaches the required level, it is injected into a crystallizer. The molten metal contacts the ingot head and the graphite inner wall of the crystallizer and cools to form a primary solidified shell. As it solidifies, it shrinks and forms an air gap with the inner wall of the crystallizer. At this point, the ingot head is controlled to move downward at a constant speed. As the initially solidified aluminum alloy tube exits the crystallizer and enters the secondary cooling zone, a spray system applies forced water cooling to the tube. Continuous solidification is achieved by controlling the casting speed and cooling intensity, ultimately resulting in a dense aluminum alloy tube of a set length.

[0003] Existing crystallizers generally use a circumferentially uniform spray method for secondary cooling, but this presents significant risks in actual production: when debris from the alumina protective layer on the inner wall of the crystallizer collapses or suspended particles in the coolant clogs the spray holes, the axisymmetric distribution of the coolant flow is disrupted, resulting in uneven circumferential cooling of the aluminum alloy tube. This situation not only leads to abnormal temperature gradients within the aluminum alloy tube and residual thermal stresses, but also seriously affects the mechanical properties of the material. If the solidified shell of the aluminum alloy tube fails to reach effective mechanical strength in time, the molten metal will penetrate the weak parts of the shell and leak from the crystallizer and the aluminum alloy tube. This aluminum leakage accident not only causes product scrapping, but also causes melting damage and adhesion of the crystallizer copper sleeve, significantly increasing equipment maintenance costs.

[0004] In order to promptly control the property losses caused by the blockage of the water spray holes, the existing production lines usually monitor the coolant pressure in real time during the spray cooling period to determine the condition of the water spray holes. When the water spray holes are detected to be blocked, the entire casting equipment is shut down for maintenance. The shutdown for maintenance seriously reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep well casting device for a safe aluminum alloy pipe, aiming to solve the technical problem of the casting equipment being shut down for maintenance due to blockage of the spray hole.

[0006] A deep-well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy tube comprises a crystallizer platform and a starter head. The crystallizer platform comprises a crystallizer unit. The crystallizer unit cooperates with the starter head to cast the aluminum alloy tube. The crystallizer unit comprises a core crystallizer and an outer ring crystallizer coaxial with the core crystallizer and spaced apart from the outside of the core crystallizer. The core crystallizer and the outer ring crystallizer form an annular cavity for cooling aluminum liquid and forming a primary solidified shell of the aluminum alloy tube. The bottoms of the core crystallizer and the outer ring crystallizer spray cooling liquid onto the inner and outer sides of the primary solidified shell, respectively.

[0007] The outer ring mold includes an inner ring plate and an outer ring plate that are concentrically spaced and nested. An annular top plate is provided at the top of the gap between the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate, and an annular bottom plate is provided at the bottom. The annular top plate, the inner ring plate, the outer ring plate and the annular bottom plate enclose a cooling cavity for the flow of coolant.

[0008] Grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the top surface of the annular base plate, and a first external spray hole and a second external spray hole are provided in the grooves. A magnetic cover is provided on the annular base plate above the second external spray hole, and a sealing member for sealing the second external spray hole is provided between the cover and the second external spray hole. There is magnetic attraction between the sealing member and the cover, and a detection member is provided above the first external spray hole. A through hole for coolant to flow through is provided in the center of the detection member, and the detection member and the sealing member are connected by a connecting rod, which slides through the cover and the end of the connecting rod is connected to the sealing member. When the detection member contacts the first external spray hole, the sealing member blocks the second external spray hole.

[0009] The detection part contacts the first external spray hole, and the detection part drives the sealing part through the connecting rod to overcome the magnetic attraction force and seal the second external spray hole. When the first external spray hole is blocked, the impact force of the coolant on the detection part is reduced. Under the action of the magnetic attraction force, the sealing part is adsorbed to the surface of the cover, and the second external spray hole is opened. The deep well casting device does not need to be shut down, which helps to ensure safety and continuous production.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer ring plate in the cooling cavity is provided with a smoothing cylinder, which is used to stabilize the pressure in the cooling cavity. The smoothing cylinder is provided with a sliding column that is sealingly and slidingly connected to it, and a spring is provided between the sliding column and the smoothing cylinder.

[0011] The pressure-leveling cylinder cooperates with the sliding column to buffer the pressure fluctuation in the cooling cavity. When a single first external spray hole is blocked, the flow rate of the coolant sprayed from the other first external spray holes tends to be stable.

[0012] Furthermore, the core crystallizer is provided with a liquid supply channel, an exhaust channel and an internal spray hole. The internal spray holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the core crystallizer. The internal spray holes are connected to the liquid supply channel. The internal spray holes are used to spray coolant onto the inner wall of the initially solidified aluminum alloy tube. The exhaust channel is used to discharge the steam generated during the cooling process.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer ring plate is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, the upper portion of the inner ring plate is rotatably sleeved with a first transmission ring plate, and the lower portion is slidably sleeved with a second transmission ring plate;

[0014] The first transmission ring plate is evenly arranged along the circumference thereof with a power plate connected thereto perpendicularly. The coolant introduced into the cooling cavity by the liquid inlet pipe drives the first transmission ring plate to rotate through the power plate. Transmission rods are evenly arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the first transmission ring plate, and the transmission rods are parallel to the axis of the first transmission ring plate.

[0015] The top of the second transmission ring plate is provided with a sliding groove that is in sliding cooperation with the transmission rod to drive the second transmission ring plate to rotate. The bottom is provided with limiting grooves evenly distributed along the circumference. The second transmission ring plate is provided with an annular flange.

[0016] The annular bottom plate is respectively connected to the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate in a sealing and rotatable manner, and the annular bottom plate is provided with a protrusion, which is used to cooperate with the limiting groove to drive the annular bottom plate to rotate;

[0017] A lower fixed ring plate and an L-shaped rod are provided in the cooling chamber. The lower fixed ring plate is connected to the flat cylinder. The inner edge of the lower fixed ring plate is spaced from the second transmission ring plate. The lower fixed ring plate is provided with a lower through hole. The first rod body of the L-shaped rod penetrates into the flat cylinder along the bottom and slides in sealing cooperation with the flat cylinder. The first rod body is connected to the sliding column. The end of the second rod body of the L-shaped rod is located below the annular flange for limiting and supporting the annular flange.

[0018] Coolant entering the cooling chamber rotates the first transmission ring plate through the power plate, which in turn rotates the second transmission ring plate via the transmission rod. The second rod of the L-shaped rod limits and supports the second transmission ring plate. When the first outer spray hole is unobstructed, the second transmission ring plate is free from contact with the annular base plate. If the first outer spray hole is obstructed, the sliding column drives the L-shaped rod downward, and the coolant pushes the second transmission ring plate downward until the retaining groove and the protrusion engage. This allows the second transmission ring plate to rotate the annular base plate, ensuring that the coolant is evenly sprayed onto the outer surface of the aluminum alloy tube, helping to maintain cooling uniformity.

[0019] Furthermore, an upper fixed ring plate vertically connected to the outer ring plate is provided in the cooling chamber. The upper fixed ring plate is located below the power plate and rotatably cooperates with the first transmission ring plate. The upper fixed ring plate is provided with an upper through hole. The central axis of the liquid inlet pipe is biased to one side of the axis of the first transmission ring plate. The upper through hole is gradually increased in the circumferential direction with the connection between the liquid inlet pipe and the outer ring plate as the starting point and along the liquid inlet pipe to one side, so as to make the pressure distribution in the circumferential direction of the cooling chamber tend to be consistent.

[0020] The upper fixed ring plate divides the cooling cavity into two parts, the upper through holes with different inner diameters arranged circumferentially on the upper fixed ring plate are used to disperse the coolant flow, prompting the coolant to flow away from the liquid inlet pipe to balance the pressure at various locations in the cooling cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, the annular top plate is detachably connected to the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate respectively, an elastic cylinder is provided between the upper fixed ring plate and the lower fixed ring plate, the axis of the elastic cylinder coincides with the axis of the inner ring plate, the elastic cylinder, the upper fixed ring plate, the lower fixed ring plate and the outer ring plate enclose a sealed flow limiting cavity, the flattening cylinder is located in the flow limiting cavity, the flow limiting cavity is filled with hydraulic oil, the upper fixed ring plate is provided with an injection hole, and the flow area of ​​the annular space between the elastic cylinder and the inner ring plate is adjusted by regulating the volume of the hydraulic oil injected into the flow limiting cavity.

[0022] The flow area of ​​the annular space formed by the elastic cylinder and the inner ring plate is controlled, thereby controlling the flow rate of the coolant passing through the elastic cylinder, and controlling the temperature difference and heat exchange rate between the coolant and the inner ring plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the sliding column is provided with an elastic member, and the flat pressure cylinder is provided with a limiting ring groove for limiting the elastic member. When the elastic member and the limiting ring groove are limitedly matched, the protrusion penetrates the limiting groove.

[0024] When the limiting ring groove and the elastic member are limited and matched, the second transmission ring plate and the annular bottom plate are in stable contact transmission. When the pressure in the cooling chamber decreases, due to the limiting support force of the limiting ring groove and the elastic member, the sliding column delays rising, and the elastic force of the spring accumulates. When the elastic force overcomes the limiting support force, the sliding column drives the second transmission ring plate to move up through the L-shaped rod, so that the second transmission ring plate quickly separates from the annular bottom plate, which is beneficial to reduce the collision between the limiting groove and the protrusion, thereby reducing wear.

[0025] Furthermore, the core crystallizer is provided with a first graphite ring, and the inner ring plate is provided with a second graphite ring aligned with the first graphite ring, and the first graphite ring and the second graphite ring are both used for heat exchange between the coolant and the aluminum liquid.

[0026] The coolant in the core crystallizer exchanges heat with the aluminum liquid through the first graphite ring, and the coolant in the outer ring crystallizer exchanges heat with the aluminum liquid through the second graphite ring. The high thermal conductivity of the graphite ring helps the coolant and the aluminum liquid to exchange heat quickly.

[0027] Furthermore, the inner diameters of the first and second external spray holes are equal, and both the first and second external spray holes have upper and lower parts. The extension lines of the central axes of the lower channels of the first and second external spray holes intersect at the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy tube.

[0028] The coolant sprayed from the first outer spray hole and the second outer spray hole has the same landing point on the surface of the aluminum alloy tube, which helps to ensure the consistency of the coolant sprayed before and after the switching between the first outer spray hole and the second outer spray hole.

[0029] Furthermore, the crystallizer platform includes a material tray, the material tray is provided with a drainage groove and a circular groove, the crystallizer unit is arranged in the circular groove, the drainage groove is connected to the circular groove, the drainage groove is used to drain the aluminum liquid to the circular groove, and the aluminum liquid is introduced into the crystallizer unit to cast the aluminum alloy tube.

[0030] Compared with the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0031] 1. The present invention provides a group of first external spray holes and a group of second external spray holes in correspondence with the annular bottom plate of the cooling chamber, and is provided with an adjusting mechanism. The pressure exerted by the coolant on the detection part is used to force the detection part to abut against the first external spray hole. The detection part drives the blocking part to move and block the second external spray hole through the connecting rod. The blocking part overcomes the magnetic attraction of the cover. When the first external spray hole is blocked, the blocking part is adsorbed to the surface of the cover under the action of the magnetic attraction, thereby opening the second external spray hole. Compared with the existing method of monitoring blockage and shutting down in time, the present invention uses structural design to switch to the second external spray hole in time when blockage occurs. The casting equipment does not need to be shut down, which is conducive to ensuring the safety and continuous production of aluminum alloy hollow tubes, thereby ensuring production efficiency.

[0032] 2. When the first outer spray hole is blocked, the pressure in the cooling chamber increases. The pressure equalization cylinder is designed to use the spring to buffer and balance the pressure fluctuation in the cooling chamber, thereby stabilizing the flow rate of the coolant.

[0033] 3. A first transmission ring plate and a second transmission ring plate, along with a lower fixed ring plate and an L-shaped rod, are provided in a transmission connection within the cooling chamber. Coolant drives the first transmission ring plate to rotate. As coolant flows through the gap between the lower fixed ring plate and the second transmission ring plate, it tends to move the second transmission ring plate. The L-shaped rod is used to limit and support the second transmission ring plate. When pressure within the cooling chamber increases, the sliding column drives the L-shaped rod downward, causing the second transmission ring plate to move into engagement with the annular base plate, driving the annular base plate to rotate. Unblocked first external spray holes spray coolant as the annular base plate moves, promoting uniform cooling of the aluminum alloy tube around its circumference and reducing the risk of uneven heat dissipation within the tube.

[0034] 4. An upper fixed ring plate is set in the cooling cavity, and the upper through holes with different inner diameters are used to disperse the coolant flow, weaken the concentrated directionality of the high-speed coolant flow, and promote the circumferential pressure distribution in the cooling cavity to be consistent, which is conducive to the consistent flow rate of the coolant sprayed from all places; an elastic cylinder is set between the upper fixed ring plate and the lower fixed ring plate, and the flow area of ​​the annular space between the elastic cylinder and the inner ring plate is adjusted by adjusting the volume of the hydraulic oil in the flow limiting cavity, thereby adjusting the coolant flow rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crystallizer platform in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the material tray and the crystallizer unit in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the core crystallizer and the outer ring crystallizer in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the outer ring crystallizer in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the outer ring crystallizer in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the annular bottom plate in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure in which the annular bottom plate is provided with a blocking piece, a detection piece and a cover in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the core crystallizer and the outer ring inner crystallizer in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the outer ring crystallizer provided with an elastic cylinder in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the second transmission ring plate supported by the flat pressing cylinder through the L-shaped rod in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0046] In the figure: 100, crystallizer unit; 110, core crystallizer; 111, liquid supply channel; 112, inner spray hole; 113, exhaust channel; 114, first graphite ring; 120, outer ring crystallizer; 121, inner ring plate; 122, outer ring plate; 123, annular top plate; 124, annular bottom plate; 1241, groove; 1242, first outer spray hole; 1243, second outer spray hole; 1244, detection part; 1245, cover; 1246, blocking part; 1247, connecting rod; 1248, protrusion; 125, second graphite ring; 126, cooling chamber; 130, flat cylinder; 1301, limit 131. Slide column; 1311. Elastic member; 132. Spring; 133. L-shaped rod; 1331. First rod body; 1332. Second rod body; 140. First transmission ring plate; 141. Power plate; 142. Transmission rod; 150. Second transmission ring plate; 151. Slide groove; 152. Annular flange; 153. Limiting groove; 160. Lower fixed ring plate; 161. Lower through hole; 170. Upper fixed ring plate; 171. Upper through hole; 180. Elastic cylinder; 181. Flow limiting chamber; 200. Feed tray; 201. Drainage groove; 202. Circular groove; 203. Liquid inlet pipe; 300. Ingot guide head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This embodiment discloses a deep-well casting device for a safe aluminum alloy pipe. When the aluminum alloy pipe solidifies to form a primary shell and enters a secondary cooling zone, the deep-well casting device has the function of ensuring continuous spray cooling of the aluminum alloy pipe.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present application, a deep-well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy tube includes a crystallizer platform and an ingot guide seat.

[0051] Crystallizer platform

[0052] Reference Figure 1 The crystallizer platform is arranged at the top of the casting well. The crystallizer platform includes a material tray 200 and a plurality of crystallizer units 100 arranged on the material tray 200.

[0053] Tray 200

[0054] Reference Figure 2 The top surface of the tray 200 is provided with a drainage groove 201 and a circular groove 202 , the crystallizer unit 100 is arranged in the circular groove 202 , the number of the circular grooves 202 is the same as the number of the crystallizer units 100 , and the drainage groove 201 is connected to each circular groove 202 .

[0055] The above arrangement can achieve that the drainage groove 201 drains the molten aluminum liquid to the circular groove 202, and the aluminum liquid flows into the crystallizer unit 100 through the circular groove 202 to cast the aluminum alloy tube.

[0056] Crystallizer unit 100

[0057] Reference Figure 2 The crystallizer unit 100 includes a core crystallizer 110 and an outer ring crystallizer 120. The core crystallizer 110 is a rod-shaped structure, and the outer ring crystallizer 120 is a cylindrical structure that passes through from top to bottom. The outer ring crystallizer 120 is arranged at the bottom of the circular groove 202 of the material tray 200. The core crystallizer 110 is arranged in the center of the outer ring crystallizer 120 so that the axis of the core crystallizer 110 coincides with the axis of the outer ring crystallizer 120. An annular flow channel is formed between the core crystallizer 110 and the outer ring crystallizer 120, and the annular flow channel is connected to the circular groove 202.

[0058] Core crystallizer 110

[0059] Reference Figure 1 , the core crystallizer 110 is fixedly connected to the tray 200, (refer to Figure 8 The bottom of the core mold 110 is evenly distributed with internal spray holes 112. The core mold 110 is also equipped with a liquid supply channel 111. One end of the liquid supply channel 111 is connected to the internal spray holes 112, and the other end is connected to an external coolant circulation device. The internal spray holes 112 are inclined and face the inner wall of the initially solidified aluminum alloy tube.

[0060] Reference Figure 8 The core crystallizer 110 is provided with an exhaust channel 113, one end of the exhaust channel 113 is located at the bottom of the core crystallizer 110, and the other end is connected to the outside.

[0061] A first graphite ring 114 is provided on the outer side of the core crystallizer 110 .

[0062] The above arrangement allows coolant to enter the liquid supply channel 111, exchange heat with the molten aluminum through the first graphite ring 114, and reduce the friction coefficient between the molten aluminum and the core mold 110. The liquid supply channel 111 directs the coolant to the inner spray hole 112, which then sprays the inner wall of the initially solidified aluminum alloy tube, cooling it. Steam generated during the cooling process is discharged through the exhaust channel 113.

[0063] Outer ring mold 120

[0064] Reference Figure 8 The outer ring mold 120 includes an inner ring plate 121 and an outer ring plate 122 that are concentrically nested. The inner ring plate 121 and the outer ring plate 122 are radially spaced apart. (Refer to Figure 4 ) An annular top plate 123 is provided at the top of the gap between the inner ring plate 121 and the outer ring plate 122, and an annular bottom plate 124 is provided at the bottom of the gap between the inner ring plate 121 and the outer ring plate 122. (Refer to Figure 8 ) An annular cooling chamber 126 is formed by the outer ring plate 122, the annular top plate 123, the inner ring plate 121 and the annular bottom plate 124.

[0065] Reference Figure 2 The material tray 200 is embedded with a liquid inlet pipe 203 , and the end of the liquid inlet pipe 203 is arranged on the outer ring plate 122 , so that the cooling cavity 126 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 203 .

[0066] Reference Figure 6 A groove 1241 is provided on the annular bottom plate 124, and multiple grooves 1241 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular bottom plate 124. A first outer spray hole 1242 and a second outer spray hole 1243 are respectively provided in the grooves 1241. The first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243 are arranged along the radial direction of the annular bottom plate 124. On the annular bottom plate 124, the second outer spray hole 1243 is located on the inner side of the first outer spray hole 1242.

[0067] Reference Figure 9 The first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243 are both connected to the cooling chamber 126 through the groove 1241. The groove 1241 is provided with an adjustment mechanism. (Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The adjustment mechanism includes a cover 1245 positioned above the second external spray hole 1243. Cover 1245 is fixed to the annular base plate 124. A sealing member 1246 is positioned between cover 1245 and the top of second external spray hole 1243. A detection member 1244 is positioned above the first external spray hole 1242. Detection member 1244 has a central through-hole. A connecting rod 1247 is positioned between detection member 1244 and sealing member 1246. Connecting rod 1247 is connected to the top of detection member 1244 and passes along the top of cover 1245, where it slides with the cover. The bottom of connecting rod 1247, which passes through cover 1245, is connected to sealing member 1246. The top of cover 1245 is magnetic, creating a magnetic attraction between cover 1245 and sealing member 1246. Sealing member 1246 can be made of pure iron.

[0068] The inner diameters of the first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243 are equal. The first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243 both have upper and lower parts, wherein the extension lines of the central axes of the lower channels of the first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243 intersect at the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy tube.

[0069] The number of the first outer spray holes 1242 and the second outer spray holes 1243 can be determined according to factors such as the required coolant flow rate and the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy tube. Here, 12 grooves 1241 are correspondingly provided on the annular bottom plate 124, that is, 12 first outer spray holes 1242 and 12 second outer spray holes 1243 are correspondingly provided.

[0070] Reference Figure 8 The inner ring plate 121 is provided with a second graphite ring 125 corresponding to the first graphite ring 114 .

[0071] The above arrangement can be achieved, that is, the liquid inlet pipe 203 transports coolant into the cooling chamber 126, the coolant exchanges heat with the aluminum liquid through the second graphite ring 125, and the detection part 1244 is used to detect the flow state of the coolant in the first outer spray hole 1242. When the coolant flows through the detection part 1244, the detection part 1244 is forced to abut against the top of the first outer spray hole 1242. At this time, the blocking part 1246 moves to block the second outer spray hole 1243, and the first outer spray hole 1242 sprays coolant toward the outer wall of the aluminum alloy tube to cool its outer wall.

[0072] Dummy seat

[0073] The dummy seat is set in the casting pit and is connected to the lifting equipment in the casting pit. The top surface of the dummy seat is provided with a dummy head 300 (refer to Figure 5 ) The number of the starter heads 300 is the same as the number of the crystallizer units 100. The starter heads 300 are located below the crystallizer units 100, and the starter heads 300 correspond to the crystallizer units 100 one by one.

[0074] The starter head 300 is an annular structure with an annular groove on its top. The annular groove is aligned with the bottom of the annular flow channel (ie, the gap between the core crystallizer 110 and the outer ring crystallizer 120).

[0075] The above arrangement can be implemented so that the lifting device supports and drives the starter seat to move up and down along the casting shaft, and the starter head 300 cooperates with the crystallizer unit 100 to cast the aluminum alloy tube.

[0076] The working process of the deep well casting device for producing aluminum alloy pipes in this embodiment is as follows:

[0077] First, before casting the aluminum alloy tube, the crystallizer platform is flipped over to cover the top of the casting well. At this time, the core crystallizer 110, the outer ring crystallizer 120 and the ingot head 300 are enclosed to form a cylindrical annular cavity with an open top, and the liquid inlet pipe 203 and the liquid supply channel 111 are respectively connected to the corresponding coolant circulation equipment.

[0078] Then, the coolant circulation equipment is started, and the coolant enters the liquid supply channel 111 and the cooling chamber 126 respectively. Under the thrust of the coolant flow, the detection part 1244 abuts against the top of the first outer spray hole 1242, and the coolant flows along the through hole of the detection part 1244. At the same time, under the action of the connecting rod 1247, the blocking part 1246 overcomes the magnetic attraction and moves to block the top of the second outer spray hole 1243, so that the coolant only flows through the first outer spray hole 1242, and the coolant is sprayed out through the inner spray hole 112 and the first outer spray hole 1242 respectively.

[0079] Next, molten aluminum liquid is introduced into the drainage groove 201, and the aluminum liquid flows to each crystallizer unit 100 through the drainage groove 201 and flows into the cylindrical annular cavity. The coolant exchanges heat with the aluminum liquid from the inside and outside of the aluminum liquid through the first graphite ring 114 and the second graphite ring 125, respectively, so that the aluminum liquid gradually cools and solidifies to form a primary solidified shell. At this time, the external lifting equipment drives the ingot holder to move slowly downward (the speed of this process is determined by factors such as the coolant temperature and the thickness of the aluminum alloy tube). During the movement of the primary solidified aluminum alloy tube, the inner spray hole 112 sprays coolant from the inside, and the steam generated by cooling is discharged along the exhaust channel 113, reducing the risk of heat accumulation caused by steam accumulation inside the aluminum alloy tube. The first outer spray hole 1242 sprays coolant from the outside to further cool the outer wall of the aluminum alloy tube.

[0080] Finally, after the aluminum alloy tube is cast, the coolant circulation equipment is stopped. The sealing member 1246 is magnetically attracted and moves upward to the surface of the cover 1245. The mold platform is flipped over to open the top opening of the casting well. The lifting device drives the starter block upward, moving the aluminum alloy tube upward. The tube is then removed from the starter head 300 using the equipment. The staff inspects the annular bottom plate 124 and clears the clogged first external spray hole 1242. After the inspection is complete, the mold platform is flipped over and closed onto the top opening of the casting well, ensuring sealed contact between the mold unit 100 and the aligned starter head 300. This cycle of aluminum alloy tube production continues.

[0081] During the casting process of the aluminum alloy tube, when the first outer spray hole 1242 is blocked, the force of the coolant acting on the detection part 1244 becomes smaller. At this time, under the action of the magnetic attraction between the sealing part 1246 and the cover 1245, the sealing part 1246 moves up and is adsorbed to the surface of the cover 1245, opening the second outer spray hole 1243, and the coolant is sprayed out through the second outer spray hole 1243. Since the extension lines of the central axes of the lower channels of the first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243 intersect on the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy tube, the landing point of the coolant sprayed from the second outer spray hole 1243 on the outer surface of the aluminum alloy tube is basically consistent with the landing point of the coolant sprayed from the first outer spray hole 1242, thereby maintaining uniform spray cooling on the surface of the aluminum alloy tube and reducing the probability of shutdown and maintenance.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] The deep-well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy pipe disclosed in this embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment.

[0084] According to a deep well casting device for a safety aluminum alloy pipe according to an embodiment of the present application, (refer to Figure 4 ) A pressure-equalizing cylinder 130 is provided on the outer ring plate 122 in the cooling cavity 126 to buffer the increased pressure in the cooling cavity 126 when the first outer spray hole 1242 is blocked.

[0085] Reference Figure 10 The equalizing cylinder 130 is arranged vertically, and the equalizing cylinder 130 is sealed and slidably connected to the slide column 131. The spring 132 is fixed between the bottom of the slide column 131 and the bottom of the equalizing cylinder 130. The spring 132 in the equalizing cylinder 130 is initially in a stored force state. When the coolant is sprayed normally, the downward pressure exerted by the coolant on the slide column 131 is equal to the upward elastic force of the spring 132 acting on the slide column 131.

[0086] The above arrangement can achieve the purpose of utilizing the spring 132 and the slide column 131 to buffer and balance the increased pressure in the cooling chamber 126 , thereby maintaining the stability of the pressure in the cooling chamber 126 and ensuring the smooth flow of the coolant.

[0087] The working process of this embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment and is described in detail as follows:

[0088] During the casting process of the aluminum alloy tube, when the first outer spray hole 1242 remains unobstructed, the pressure exerted by the coolant in the cooling cavity 126 on the slide column 131 is equal to the elastic force exerted by the spring 132 on the slide column 131 .

[0089] When the first outer spray hole 1242 is blocked, the pressure in the cooling chamber 126 increases. At this time, the pressure exerted by the buffer on the slide column 131 increases, forcing the slide column 131 to move downward and compress the spring 132 to stabilize the pressure fluctuations in the cooling chamber 126 and keep the flow rate of the sprayed coolant stable.

[0090] Second outer spray hole 1243, corresponding to blocked first outer spray hole 1242, opens, and coolant is sprayed out through second outer spray hole 1243. Consequently, the pressure in cooling chamber 126 gradually recovers. At this point, the spring force of spring 132 is greater than the coolant pressure on spool 131, causing spring 132 to move spool 131 upward and back to its original position. While maintaining relatively stable pressure in cooling chamber 126, the switch from first outer spray hole 1242 to second outer spray hole 1243 is completed.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] The present embodiment discloses a deep well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy pipe, which is a further improvement on the basis of Example 2. When the first outer spray hole 1242 is blocked, the annular bottom plate 124 rotates to drive the first outer spray hole 1242 to spray coolant toward the aluminum alloy pipe during movement.

[0093] Reference Figure 5 According to a deep well casting device for a safety aluminum alloy pipe according to an embodiment of the present application, a first transmission ring plate 140 , a second transmission ring plate 150 , a lower fixed ring plate 160 and an L-shaped rod 133 are provided in the cooling cavity 126 .

[0094] First transmission ring plate 140

[0095] Reference Figure 9 The first transmission ring plate 140 is sleeved on the upper part of the inner ring plate 121 and is rotatably connected to the inner ring plate 121. The first transmission ring plate 140 is provided with a power plate 141. The power plate 141 is vertically arranged on the surface of the first transmission ring plate 140. A plurality of power plates 141 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the first transmission ring plate 140. Figure 4 The opening of the liquid inlet pipe 203 is at the same height as the power plate 141 , and the central axis of the liquid inlet pipe 203 is perpendicular to but does not intersect with the central axis of the first transmission ring plate 140 .

[0096] Reference Figure 5 A transmission rod 142 is provided at the bottom of the first transmission ring plate 140 . The transmission rod 142 is parallel to the axis of the first transmission ring plate 140 , and a plurality of transmission rods 142 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first transmission ring plate 140 .

[0097] The above arrangement can achieve that the coolant introduced into the cooling chamber 126 by the liquid inlet pipe 203 impacts the power plate 141, and the power plate 141 drives the first transmission ring plate 140 to rotate, and accordingly, the first transmission ring plate 140 drives the transmission rod 142 to move.

[0098] Second transmission ring plate 150

[0099] Reference Figure 9The second transmission ring plate 150 is slidably mounted on the lower portion of the inner ring plate 121, that is, the second transmission ring plate 150 can rotate along the inner ring plate 121 and can also slide up and down along the inner ring plate 121. The surface of the second transmission ring plate 150 is provided with an annular flange 152, (refer to Figure 5 ) A sliding groove 151 is provided on the top of the second transmission ring plate 150, and the transmission rod 142 is slidably inserted into the sliding groove 151, and the transmission rod 142 always maintains a sliding fit with the sliding groove 151. (Refer to Figure 10 ) A limiting groove 153 is provided at the bottom of the second transmission ring plate 150, and a plurality of limiting grooves 153 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the second transmission ring plate 150.

[0100] The annular bottom plate 124 is respectively connected to the inner ring plate 121 and the outer ring plate 122 in a sealed and rotatable manner (refer to Figure 6 ) The annular bottom plate 124 is provided with a protrusion 1248 that matches the limiting groove 153 in a concave-convex manner, and multiple protrusions 1248 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular bottom plate 124.

[0101] The larger the number of the limiting grooves 153 is compared to the number of the protrusions 1248 , the faster the second transmission ring plate 150 can cooperate with the annular bottom plate 124 to form a transmission relationship. In this embodiment, the number of the limiting grooves 153 is twice the number of the protrusions 1248 .

[0102] The above arrangement can realize that the first transmission ring plate 140 drives the second transmission ring plate 150 to rotate through the transmission rod 142. When the second transmission ring plate 150 slides to the limiting groove 153 and cooperates with the protrusion 1248, the second transmission ring plate 150 drives the annular bottom plate 124 to rotate.

[0103] Lower fixed ring plate 160

[0104] Reference Figure 9 The lower fixed ring plate 160 is arranged at the lower part of the outer ring plate 122 and is connected to the flat pressure cylinder 130. The inner edge of the lower fixed ring plate 160 is spaced from the second transmission ring plate 150. The lower fixed ring plate 160 is evenly distributed with lower through holes 161 for the coolant to pass through.

[0105] The above arrangement can achieve that part of the coolant flows downward along the lower through hole 161 , and part of the coolant flows downward through the gap between the lower fixed ring plate 160 and the second transmission ring plate 150 .

[0106] L-shaped rod 133

[0107] Reference Figure 9The L-shaped rod 133 includes a first rod body 1331 and a second rod body 1332 that are vertically connected. The first rod body 1331 is inserted along the bottom of the equalizing cylinder 130 and is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the sliding column 131. The equalizing cylinder 130 is sealed and slidably connected to the first rod body 1331. The end of the second rod body 1332 is located below the annular flange 152 of the second transmission ring plate 150.

[0108] The above arrangement can achieve that the first rod body 1331 moves up and down along with the sliding column 131 , and the second rod body 1332 limits and supports the second transmission ring plate 150 .

[0109] The working process of this embodiment is similar to that of the second embodiment and is described in detail as follows:

[0110] The coolant flows into the cooling chamber 126 through the liquid inlet pipe 203, and the coolant drives the first transmission ring plate 140 to rotate through the power plate 141. The first transmission ring plate 140 drives the transmission rod 142 to move. During the movement of the transmission rod 142, it helps to accelerate the flow and heat exchange of the coolant near the second graphite ring 125 in the cooling chamber 126, and the transmission rod 142 drives the second transmission ring plate 150 to rotate.

[0111] When the first outer spray hole 1242 is not blocked, part of the coolant flows through the lower through hole 161 of the lower fixed ring plate 160, and part of the coolant flows downward through the gap between the lower fixed ring plate 160 and the second transmission ring plate 150, continuously impacting the annular flange 152, causing the second transmission ring plate 150 to have a tendency to move downward. At the same time, the second rod body 1332 of the L-shaped rod 133 is limited along the bottom of the annular flange 152 and supports the second transmission ring plate 150.

[0112] When the first outer spray hole 1242 is blocked, the pressure in the cooling chamber 126 rises, and the coolant squeezes the slide column 131 downward. Accordingly, the slide column 131 squeezes the spring 132 and compresses it, and at the same time drives the L-shaped rod 133 downward. The second rod body 1332 of the L-shaped rod 133 moves downward, losing support for the second transmission ring plate 150. Under the action of the coolant, the second transmission ring plate 150 moves downward, and the transmission rod 142 and the slide groove 151 always maintain sliding cooperation. The second transmission ring plate 150 The limiting groove 153 gradually approaches the protrusion 1248 on the annular bottom plate 124, and finally the protrusion 1248 enters the limiting groove 153 (at this time, the annular flange 152 of the second transmission ring plate 150 is not in contact with the second rod body 1332 of the L-shaped rod 133), and the second transmission ring plate 150 drives the annular bottom plate 124 to rotate. During the switching process between the first outer spray hole 1242 and the second outer spray hole 1243, the coolant is evenly sprayed along the circumferential direction of the aluminum alloy tube, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling effect.

[0113] After the second outer spray hole 1243 is opened, the pressure in the cooling chamber 126 gradually recovers. Accordingly, under the action of the spring 132, the sliding column 131 drives the L-shaped rod 133 to move upward, and the second rod body 1332 of the L-shaped rod 133 drives the second transmission ring plate 150 to move upward through the annular flange 152, so that the second transmission ring plate 150 is separated from the annular bottom plate 124, that is, the limiting groove 153 is separated from the protrusion 1248.

[0114] Example 4

[0115] The present embodiment discloses a deep well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy pipe, which is a further improvement on the basis of the third embodiment, so as to reduce the wear caused by the collision between the protrusion 1248 and the limiting groove 153 when the second transmission ring plate 150 contacts or separates from the annular bottom plate 124.

[0116] Reference Figure 11 According to a deep well casting device for a safety aluminum alloy pipe according to an embodiment of the present application, the sliding column 131 is provided with an elastic member 1311 , and a corresponding limiting ring groove 1301 is provided in the flat pressing cylinder 130 .

[0117] The elastic member 1311 may be made of an elastic metal material, specifically spring steel, and when the elastic member 1311 is separated from the limiting ring groove 1301 , the elastic member 1311 is in a force storage state.

[0118] When the limiting ring groove 1301 limits the elastic member 1311 , the limiting groove 153 cooperates with the protrusion 1248 .

[0119] The above arrangement can achieve that the sliding column 131 moves downward, the elastic member 1311 is limitedly engaged with the limiting ring groove 1301, and the limiting groove 153 is engaged with the protrusion 1248. At this time, the second transmission ring plate 150 drives the annular bottom plate 124 to rotate.

[0120] The working process of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and is described in detail as follows:

[0121] When the first outer spray hole 1242 is not blocked, the pressure exerted by the coolant on the slide column 131 is balanced with the elastic force of the spring 132, the elastic member 1311 is located at the initial position in the pressure cylinder 130, and the elastic member 1311 remains in a stored force state.

[0122] When the first outer spray hole 1242 is blocked, the pressure in the cooling chamber 126 increases, and the coolant drives the sliding column 131 to move downward, compressing the spring 132. Accordingly, the L-shaped rod 133 moves downward, and the second transmission ring plate 150 moves downward to the limiting groove 153 to contact and cooperate with the protrusion 1248. At the same time, the elastic member 1311 moves to limit and cooperate with the limiting ring groove 1301, which is conducive to the stable contact between the limiting groove 153 and the protrusion 1248.

[0123] When the second outer spray hole 1243 is opened, the pressure in the cooling chamber 126 gradually decreases. At this time, the spring 132 tends to drive the slide post 131 to move upward. Under the action of the elastic member 1311 and the limiting ring groove 1301, the slide post 131 maintains its position until the elastic force of the spring 132 overcomes the limiting force generated by the elastic member 1311, so that the elastic member 1311 is separated from the limiting ring groove 1301. The accumulated elastic force helps the slide post 131 to move upward quickly, thereby driving the second transmission ring plate 150 to move upward quickly through the L-shaped rod 133, so that the limiting groove 153 and the protrusion 1248 are quickly separated, which helps to reduce the collision between the protrusion 1248 and the limiting groove 153, thereby reducing the number of maintenance times for the crystallizer unit 100 by the staff.

[0124] Example 5

[0125] The deep-well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy pipe disclosed in this embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of Example 3, which facilitates the staff to control the flow rate of the coolant in the cooling chamber 126.

[0126] According to a deep-well casting device for a safety-type aluminum alloy pipe according to an embodiment of the present application, an upper fixed ring plate 170 and an elastic cylinder 180 are provided in the cooling cavity 126 .

[0127] Upper fixed ring plate 170

[0128] Reference Figure 9 The upper fixed ring plate 170 is perpendicularly mounted to the outer ring plate 122 and is slidably connected to the first transmission ring plate 140. The upper fixed ring plate 170 is located below the power plate 141 and has an upper through hole 171 defined on its surface. The inner diameter of the upper through hole 171 gradually increases in the circumferential direction starting from the point where the liquid inlet pipe 203 connects to the outer ring plate 122.

[0129] The above setting can be achieved, that is, the liquid inlet pipe 203 introduces coolant into the cooling chamber 126, and the coolant flows downward along the upper through hole 171. Since the inner diameter of the upper through hole 171 gradually increases in the circumferential direction starting from the connection point between the liquid inlet pipe 203 and the outer ring plate 122, it helps to solve the problem of uneven pressure distribution in the circumference of the cooling chamber 126 due to the fixed position of the liquid inlet pipe 203, and makes the pressure distribution in the circumference of the cooling chamber 126 tend to be consistent.

[0130] Elastic tube 180

[0131] Reference Figure 8 The elastic tube 180 is disposed between the upper fixed ring plate 170 and the lower fixed ring plate 160 , and the axis of the elastic tube 180 coincides with the axis of the inner ring plate 121 . The elastic tube 180 is made of elastic rubber and corresponds to the position of the second graphite ring 125 .

[0132] Reference Figure 9 The upper fixed ring plate 170, the elastic tube 180, the lower fixed ring plate 160 and the outer ring plate 122 enclose a sealed flow limiting cavity 181. The upper fixed ring plate 170 is provided with a liquid injection hole. At the same time, the flow limiting cavity 181 is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0133] The annular top plate 123 is detachably connected to the inner ring plate 121 and the outer ring plate 122 , respectively, and the connection method may be bolt connection.

[0134] The above arrangement can be realized by adjusting the volume of the hydraulic oil injected into the flow-limiting cavity 181 to control the flow area of ​​the annular space formed by the elastic cylinder 180 and the inner ring plate 121, thereby regulating the flow rate of the coolant when passing through the elastic cylinder 180.

[0135] The working process of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, and is described in detail as follows:

[0136] The upper fixed ring plate 170 divides the cooling chamber 126 into two parts, an upper part and an lower part. The coolant enters the cooling chamber 126 through the liquid inlet pipe 203. At this time, due to the different sizes of the upper through holes 171 of the upper fixed ring plate 170, the coolant flow resistance is different, and the coolant entering the cooling chamber 126 is driven to flow along the circumferential direction of the upper fixed ring plate 170 from the entry position, and flows downward through the upper through holes 171 at different positions, so that the circumferential pressure distribution of the cooling chamber 126 tends to be consistent, which helps to make the coolant flow rate sprayed outward from the first external spray holes 1242 at each location the same, so as to improve the uniformity of the circumferential cooling of the outer side of the aluminum alloy tube.

[0137] Before casting the aluminum alloy tube, the staff disassembles the annular top plate 123 and uses a tool to inject hydraulic oil into the flow limiting cavity 181 through the injection hole set in the upper fixed ring plate 170. The expansion state of the elastic cylinder 180 during normal operation is judged according to the volume of the hydraulic oil in the flow limiting cavity 181 and the pressure in the cooling cavity 126 when the device is working normally, thereby regulating the flow area of ​​the annular space between the elastic cylinder 180 and the inner ring plate 121, and then controlling the flow rate of the coolant when passing through the elastic cylinder 180, so as to control the temperature difference and heat exchange rate between the coolant and the inner ring plate 121, so as to facilitate the staff to accurately control the temperature of the initial cooling of the aluminum alloy tube.

[0138] During the aluminum alloy tube casting process, when first external spray hole 1242 is blocked, the pressure within cooling chamber 126 increases, causing the coolant to squeeze elastic cylinder 180, which in turn squeezes spool 131 through the hydraulic oil, forcing spool 131 to squeeze spring 132 and move downward. When second external spray hole 1243 opens, the pressure within cooling chamber 126 gradually decreases, causing spring 132 to act on spool 131, forcing it upward. This, in turn, squeezes elastic cylinder 180 through the hydraulic oil, returning it to its initial position.

[0139] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep well casting device for a safety type aluminum alloy tube, comprising a crystallizer platform and a starter head (300), wherein the crystallizer platform comprises a crystallizer unit (100), wherein the crystallizer unit (100) cooperates with the starter head (300) to cast the aluminum alloy tube, wherein the crystallizer unit (100) comprises a core crystallizer (110), and an outer ring crystallizer (120) coaxial with the core crystallizer (110) and spaced apart on the outside of the core crystallizer (110), wherein the core crystallizer (110) and the outer ring crystallizer (120) enclose and form an annular cavity; wherein the crystallizer is characterized in that: The outer ring crystallizer (120) comprises an inner ring plate (121) and an outer ring plate (122) that are concentrically spaced and nested, an annular top plate (123) being provided at the top of the gap between the inner ring plate (121) and the outer ring plate (122), and an annular bottom plate (124) being provided at the bottom, the annular top plate (123), the inner ring plate (121), the outer ring plate (122) and the annular bottom plate (124) enclosing to form a cooling cavity (126); Grooves (1241) are evenly distributed on the top surface of the annular bottom plate (124), and a first external spray hole (1242) and a second external spray hole (1243) are provided in the groove (1241). The inner diameters of the first external spray hole (1242) and the second external spray hole (1243) are equal. The first external spray hole (1242) and the second external spray hole (1243) both have an upper and a lower part. The extension lines of the central axes of the lower channels of the first external spray hole (1242) and the second external spray hole (1243) intersect at the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy tube. A magnetic cover (1245) is provided above the second external spray hole (1243), and the cover (1245) is fixed to the annular bottom plate (124). A blocking member (1246) is provided between the cover (1245) and the second external spray hole (1243), and a magnetic attraction is provided between the blocking member (1246) and the cover (1245). A detection member (1244) is provided above the first external spray hole (1242), and the detection member (1244) is provided with a through hole. The detection member (1244) and the blocking member (1246) are connected via a connecting rod (1247). The connecting rod (1247) slides through the cover (1245), and the end of the connecting rod (1247) is connected to the blocking member (1246). When the detection member (1244) contacts the first external spray hole (1242), the blocking member (1246) blocks the second external spray hole (1243). Under the thrust of the coolant flow, the detection member (1244) abuts against the top of the first outer spray hole (1242), and the coolant flows along the through hole of the detection member (1244), so that the coolant only flows through the first outer spray hole (1242); When the first external spray hole (1242) is blocked, the force of the coolant acting on the detection part (1244) becomes smaller, the blocking part (1246) moves upward and is adsorbed onto the surface of the cover (1245), opening the second external spray hole (1243), and the coolant is sprayed out through the second external spray hole (1243).

2. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring plate (122) in the cooling cavity (126) is provided with a pressure-equalizing cylinder (130), and the pressure-equalizing cylinder (130) is used to stabilize the pressure in the cooling cavity (126). The pressure-equalizing cylinder (130) is provided with a sliding column (131) that is sealingly and slidingly connected to the sliding column (131), and a spring (132) is provided between the sliding column (131) and the pressure-equalizing cylinder (130).

3. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core crystallizer (110) is provided with a liquid supply flow channel (111), an exhaust channel (113) and an inner spray hole (112). A plurality of the inner spray holes (112) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the core crystallizer (110). The inner spray holes (112) are connected to the liquid supply flow channel (111). The inner spray holes (112) are used to spray coolant onto the inner wall of the initially solidified aluminum alloy tube. The exhaust channel (113) is used to discharge steam generated during the cooling process.

4. The deep well casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring plate (122) is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (203); the upper portion of the inner ring plate (121) is rotatably sleeved with a first transmission ring plate (140), and the lower portion is slidably sleeved with a second transmission ring plate (150); The first transmission ring plate (140) is evenly arranged along the circumference thereof with a power plate (141) vertically connected thereto; the coolant introduced into the cooling chamber (126) by the liquid inlet pipe (203) drives the first transmission ring plate (140) to rotate through the power plate (141); a transmission rod (142) is evenly arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the first transmission ring plate (140); the transmission rod (142) is parallel to the axis of the first transmission ring plate (140); The top of the second transmission ring plate (150) is provided with a sliding groove (151) that maintains sliding engagement with the transmission rod (142) to drive the second transmission ring plate (150) to rotate, and the bottom is evenly distributed with limiting grooves (153) in the circumferential direction. The second transmission ring plate (150) is provided with an annular flange (152); The annular bottom plate (124) is respectively connected to the inner ring plate (121) and the outer ring plate (122) in a sealing and rotatable manner, and the annular bottom plate (124) is provided with a protrusion (1248), and the protrusion (1248) is used to cooperate with the limiting groove (153) to drive the annular bottom plate (124) to rotate; A lower fixed ring plate (160) and an L-shaped rod (133) are provided in the cooling chamber (126), the lower fixed ring plate (160) is connected to the flat cylinder (130), the inner edge of the lower fixed ring plate (160) is spaced from the second transmission ring plate (150), the lower fixed ring plate (160) is provided with a lower through hole (161), the first rod body (1331) of the L-shaped rod (133) penetrates the flat cylinder (130) along the bottom and is sealed and slidably matched with the flat cylinder (130), the first rod body (1331) is connected to the sliding column (131), and the end of the second rod body (1332) of the L-shaped rod (133) is located below the annular flange (152) for limiting and supporting the annular flange (152).

5. The deep well casting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An upper fixed ring plate (170) vertically connected to the outer ring plate (122) is provided in the cooling cavity (126). The upper fixed ring plate (170) is located below the power plate (141) and is rotatably matched with the first transmission ring plate (140). The upper fixed ring plate (170) is provided with an upper through hole (171). The central axis of the liquid inlet pipe (203) is biased toward one side of the axis of the first transmission ring plate (140). The inner diameter of the upper through hole (171) gradually increases along the circumference of the liquid inlet pipe (203) and the outer ring plate (122), starting from the connection point between the liquid inlet pipe (203) and the outer ring plate (122), so as to make the pressure distribution in the circumferential direction of the cooling cavity (126) tend to be consistent.

6. The deep well casting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular top plate (123) is detachably connected to the inner ring plate (121) and the outer ring plate (122), respectively. An elastic cylinder (180) is provided between the upper fixed ring plate (170) and the lower fixed ring plate (160). The axis of the elastic cylinder (180) coincides with the axis of the inner ring plate (121). The elastic cylinder (180), the upper fixed ring plate (170), the lower fixed ring plate (160) and the outer ring plate (122) enclose a sealed flow limiting cavity (181). The pressure-leveling cylinder (130) is located in the flow limiting cavity (181). Hydraulic oil is filled in the flow limiting cavity (181). The upper fixed ring plate (170) is provided with a liquid injection hole. By regulating the volume of the hydraulic oil injected into the flow limiting cavity (181), the flow area of ​​the annular space between the elastic cylinder (180) and the inner ring plate (121) is adjusted.

7. The deep well casting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding column (131) is provided with an elastic member (1311), and the flattening cylinder (130) is provided with a limiting ring groove (1301) for limiting the elastic member (1311). When the elastic member (1311) and the limiting ring groove (1301) are in limiting cooperation, the protrusion (1248) penetrates the limiting groove (153).

8. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core crystallizer (110) is provided with a first graphite ring (114), and the inner ring plate (121) is provided with a second graphite ring (125) aligned with the first graphite ring (114). The first graphite ring (114) and the second graphite ring (125) are both used for heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the aluminum liquid.

9. The deep well casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crystallizer platform comprises a material tray (200), the material tray (200) is provided with a drainage groove (201) and a circular groove (202), the crystallizer unit (100) is arranged in the circular groove (202), the drainage groove (201) is communicated with the circular groove (202), the drainage groove (201) is used to drain the aluminum liquid to the circular groove (202), and the aluminum liquid is introduced into the crystallizer unit (100) to cast the aluminum alloy tube.

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