Integrated parking heater thermal management system

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated parking heater heat management system, which belongs to the technical field of heater heat management and is provided with a parking heater combustion loop, a tail gas waste heat recovery loop, a cooling heat energy recovery loop, a heat accumulator loop and other heat source loops, and oil inlet and fan air inlet are adjusted in real time according to multi-block temperature and preset temperature. Fuel loss is effectively reduced while operation is intelligent, various heat sources such as a heat storage loop, a parking heater combustion loop, a tail gas waste heat recovery loop and a cooling heat energy recovery loop can be integrated, comprehensive recycling and efficient distribution of heat energy are achieved, the operation cost is reduced, and the heat energy utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heater thermal management, and in particular to an integrated parking heater thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] Parking heaters are often used to preheat car engines or cabs in cold weather. In addition, as consumers pursue higher quality of life, parking heaters have gradually entered people's daily lives with their high heating efficiency and quick start-up. The parking heater market has also gradually shown a trend of transforming from a vehicle-mounted heating device to a life heating device. At present, most parking heaters on the market have scattered assembly parts, and components such as parking heaters, fuel tanks, and power supplies are dispersed, with low space utilization. There are also problems such as low portability, low intelligence, and high exhaust heat loss. Against the backdrop of increased consumer demand, increased energy-saving requirements, expanded application scenarios, and the popularization of intelligent technology, parking heaters under existing technologies are difficult to meet daily needs well. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated parking heater thermal management system to address the above problems. Through a highly integrated structural layout and intelligent thermal management strategy, the space utilization, operational convenience and thermal energy utilization efficiency of the parking heater are significantly improved. Specifically, the present invention integrates the key components of the parking heater compactly into a housing through an integrated design, and is equipped with an efficient thermal management system, which realizes the effective integration and intelligent regulation of multiple heat sources, thereby providing users with a more convenient, efficient and energy-saving parking heating solution.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] An integrated parking heater thermal management system, comprising a heater body, a fuel tank, a power box, a water tank, a heat pipe waste heat recovery component, a heat accumulator, a temperature sensor component and a controller;

[0006] The heater body includes a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a heat dissipation component and a fan. The heat dissipation component is arranged on the outer wall of the I end of the heat exchanger. The fan is arranged at the II end of the heat exchanger and its air blowing duct covers the heat dissipation component. The heating plug of the combustion chamber is connected to the oil tank through an oil pipe and an oil pump. The heating plug of the combustion chamber is electrically connected to the power box. The flame outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust port, and the combustion chamber is provided with a scavenging port.

[0007] The heat exchanger is equipped with a heat exchange cooling circuit, the combustion chamber is equipped with a combustion cooling circuit, the power box is equipped with a power cooling circuit, the drainage port of the water tank is respectively connected to the water inlet of the combustion cooling circuit and the water inlet of the power cooling circuit, and the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit and / or the water outlet of the power cooling circuit are respectively connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the reflux port of the water tank through the third solenoid valve and the water pipe;

[0008] The air inlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery component is connected to the tail gas port of the heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve and the tail gas pipe, and the heat outlet of the waste heat recovery component is connected to the first air inlet of the heat accumulator and the heat exchanger through the fourth solenoid valve and the heat pipe respectively;

[0009] The heat accumulator is equipped with a heating component, and its fuel port is connected to the fuel tank through the first solenoid valve and the fuel pipe; the first air outlet of the heat accumulator is connected to the heat exchanger through the fifth solenoid valve and the heat pipe, and the first air outlet of the heat accumulator is connected to the power box through the sixth solenoid valve and the heat pipe;

[0010] The temperature sensor components respectively detect the temperatures of the indoor environment and the power box, combustion chamber, exhaust gas, heat accumulator, water tank, and heat exchanger, and upload the real-time temperature signal to the controller; the controller controls the ignition action of the heating plug, controls the refueling action of the oil pump, controls the blowing action of the fan, controls the switching action of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve, as well as the switching and steering actions of the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve, and the power box supplies power to the controller.

[0011] The temperature sensor assembly includes several temperature sensors, the heat dissipation assembly is a heat dissipation fin or a heat pipe, etc., the heat exchanger, fan, heat dissipation assembly and controller and their connections are all existing technologies, which will not be described in detail here. The water outlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit of the heat exchanger is connected to the reflux port of the water tank to realize the cooling cycle in the system.

[0012] As mentioned above, it is equipped with heat source circuits such as the parking heater combustion circuit, the exhaust gas waste heat recovery circuit, the cooling heat energy recovery circuit, and the heat accumulator circuit. The oil inlet and the fan air inlet are adjusted in real time according to the multi-block temperature and the preset temperature. The operation is intelligent and the fuel loss is effectively reduced. At the same time, it can integrate multiple heat sources such as the heat storage circuit, the parking heater combustion circuit, the exhaust gas waste heat recovery circuit, and the cooling heat energy recovery circuit to achieve comprehensive recovery and utilization of heat energy and efficient distribution, reduce operating costs and improve thermal energy utilization.

[0013] Based on the above solution, in an improved solution, in order to realize the differentiated control scenarios of different gear working conditions, in the parking heater thermal management system, the control program used by the controller to realize the gear control of different working conditions includes the following contents:

[0014] According to the input command, the normal gear working procedure is executed, which is as follows: the heating plug is controlled to ignite and run, and the oil pump refueling amount and the fan speed are controlled according to the normal gear parameters; when the real-time temperature of the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust gas waste heat recovery temperature, the second solenoid valve is opened, and the fourth solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger (heat exchange cooling circuit), and when the real-time temperature of the indoor environment reaches the heating target temperature, the fourth solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat accumulator;

[0015] According to the input command, the high-power gear working procedure is executed, which is as follows: the heating plug is controlled to ignite and run, and the oil pump refueling amount and the fan speed are controlled according to the high-speed gear parameters; the sixth solenoid valve is closed, the second solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve are opened, and the third solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger, and the fourth solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger; when the heat storage of the heat accumulator is lower than the heat storage threshold, the first solenoid valve is opened;

[0016] According to the input command, the low-power gear working procedure is executed, which is as follows: control the ignition operation of the heating plug, and control the oil pump refueling amount and the fan speed according to the low-gear parameters; close the fifth solenoid valve and open the first solenoid valve; when the real-time temperature of the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust gas waste heat recovery temperature, open the second solenoid valve, and switch the fourth solenoid valve to connect to the heat accumulator; when the real-time reflux temperature of the combustion chamber (combustion cooling circuit) and / or the power box (power cooling circuit) reaches the cooling heat recovery temperature, switch the third solenoid valve to connect to the heat exchanger, otherwise keep connected to the water tank;

[0017] According to the input command, the shutdown procedure is executed, as follows: control the oil pump to stop refueling, close the first solenoid valve, switch the fourth solenoid valve to connect to the heat accumulator; when the real-time temperature of the exhaust gas drops to its shutdown preset temperature, close the fan, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve, and enter the standby state to wait for the next start-up command.

[0018] Moreover, in an improved scheme, in order to realize the adaptive gear control scenario, the control program used by the controller to realize gear control under different working conditions also includes the following contents: according to the input instructions, an adaptive working program is executed, as follows: first, the normal gear working program is executed to start the operation; then, the temperature difference between the real-time temperature of the indoor environment and the heating target temperature is obtained, and the temperature difference is determined to be within the preset gear threshold range, and the normal gear working program, the high-power gear working program or the low-power gear working program is executed.

[0019] Based on the above solution, in an improved solution, in order to realize heating control with different heat source allocation ratios, in the parking heater thermal management system, the control process of the controller for realizing heating control includes the following contents:

[0020] Step S10, start preparation for heating, receive preset temperature parameters to set the heating target temperature and the target operating temperature of the power box, the target operating temperature of the parking heater, the exhaust waste heat recovery temperature, the heat accumulator target temperature, and the water tank operating temperature;

[0021] Step S20, heating is performed according to a preset working program, and corresponding control signals are output to the heating plug, the oil pump, the fan, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve;

[0022] Step S30, receiving the real-time temperature values ​​of each temperature sensor of the temperature sensor assembly, comparing the real-time temperature values ​​of the power box and the water tank with the corresponding preset temperature parameters, and outputting corresponding control signals to the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve accordingly;

[0023] Step S40, after starting up normally for a period of time according to the preset working procedure, adjust the distribution ratio of each heat source circuit in the heat exchanger in real time according to the real-time temperature of the indoor environment, the air outlet temperature of the heat dissipation component and the heating target temperature; wherein, each heat source circuit includes a combustion circuit, exhaust gas waste heat recovery, cooling heat energy recovery and a heat accumulator circuit.

[0024] The specific process of using the temperature dynamic programming method to adjust the distribution ratio of each heat source in real time in step S40 includes the following contents:

[0025] 41. Detect and calculate the difference between the real-time temperature of the indoor environment and the heating target temperature as ΔT = T ambient -T target ;

[0026] 42. Calculate and adjust the oil pump injection frequency and fan power of the combustion circuit; the linear adjustment coefficient is K P =AΔT+B, where A and B are correction coefficients, 0.1 <K p <2; the oil pump injection frequency at the i+1th moment is f i+1 =K P *f i ; The fan power at the i+1th moment is P i+1 =min(max(K P *P base , P i ), P max ), where P base is the rated power of the oil pump fan, P min and P max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fan power respectively;

[0027] 43. Calculate and adjust the heat source circuit allocation ratio; define the heat source circuit ratio thermally coupled with the heat exchanger as the combustion circuit R1 , Cooling heat recovery circuit R 2 , exhaust gas waste heat recovery circuit R 3 , heat storage circuit R 4 , the sum of the basic allocation ratios of all heat source circuits is 1; the linear adjustment coefficient of heat source circuit allocation is K r =CΔT+D, where C and D are heat source distribution correction coefficients, and combustion circuit R1≥0.7; after a period of normal startup, the distribution ratio of each heat source after adjustment is The heat source allocation adjustment cycle is 120s.

[0028] Moreover, in an improved solution, for verification, the specific process of using the temperature dynamic programming method to adjust the distribution ratio of each heat source in real time in step S40 also includes the following content: 44. Normalization of heat source circuit distribution, and parameter correction to ensure that the sum of the distribution ratios of all heat source circuits is 1.

[0029] Moreover, in an improved solution, in order to adapt to the working procedures of various working conditions, the time nodes for real-time adjustment of the allocation ratio of each heat source are specifically limited. In step S40, the work is started normally according to the preset working procedure, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature of the indoor environment and the heating target temperature is calculated regularly. When the temperature difference fluctuates within a certain threshold T0, that is, -T0≤the temperature difference≤T0, the allocation ratio of each heat source is adjusted in real time, wherein T0 is 3-10°C, and T0 is typically taken as 3°C, 5°C, 7.5°C or 10°C. For example, when -5°C≤the temperature difference≤5°C, the allocation ratio of each heat source is adjusted in real time.

[0030] Based on the above scheme, in an improved scheme, in order to realize an integrated product, the parking heater thermal management system also includes an outer shell, which is divided into an upper cabin and a lower cabin by a partition, and the lower cabin is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet; the oil tank is installed in the upper cabin for oil supply; the power box is installed in the upper cabin for power supply; the heater body is installed in the lower cabin for heating through the air inlet and the air outlet; the water tank is installed in the upper cabin for circulating cooling. In addition, at least four universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the outer shell for easy movement.

[0031] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The integrated structural technical solution provided by the present invention divides the shell into two cabins through a horizontal partition, and integrates and installs key components such as the oil tank, power box, heat exchanger, combustion chamber, fan, etc., effectively reducing the additional space required for decentralized installation, making the parking heater more compact, easy to install and carry, and has the characteristics of portability and flexibility.

[0033] 2. The thermal management system solution provided by the present invention can adjust the oil and air intake in real time according to the temperature of multiple blocks and the preset temperature. It can operate intelligently and effectively reduce fuel loss. At the same time, it can integrate multiple heat sources such as the thermal storage power regulation loop, the parking heater combustion loop, the exhaust heat pipe array waste heat recovery loop, the cooling water circuit, etc., to achieve comprehensive recovery and efficient distribution of thermal energy, reduce operating costs and improve thermal energy utilization.

[0034] 3. The heating management system solution provided by the present invention realizes linkage control or independent control of heat source circuits such as the heat storage power adjustment circuit and the parking heater combustion circuit, and regulates the opening and closing of the solenoid valve, the oil supply frequency of the oil pump, the speed of the fan, etc. according to the preset algorithm and control logic. At the same time, the power adjustment heat storage device stores heat when the fan is running at low power, and uses the stored heat to relieve the power pressure of the fan when it is running at high power. The electricity consumption and heat flow are tidally adjusted, which simplifies personnel operation while realizing efficient utilization of thermal energy and precise control of temperature, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the parking heater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated parking heater of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure.

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the heat exchanger, heat dissipation components and fan structure.

[0038] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the combustion chamber structure.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the parking heater heating management system of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a control logic schematic diagram of the parking heater heating management system of the present invention.

[0041] In the attached figure, 1, upper cabin; 2, lower cabin; 3, power box; 4, oil tank; 5, heat exchanger; 6, fan; 7, first temperature sensor; 8, shell; 9, portable handle; 10, air outlet; 11, universal wheel; 12, air inlet; 13, first temperature sensor; 14, fan blade; 15, air inlet; 16, exhaust outlet; 17, fixed support; 18, cooling fin; 19, motor; 20, combustion chamber; 21, oil pipe; 22, scavenging port; 23, heating plug; 24 , flame nozzle; 25, combustion circuit; 26, parking heat exchange circuit; 27, heat storage power regulation circuit; 28, exhaust heat pipe array waste heat recovery circuit; 29, fuel oil channel; 30, cooling water circuit; 31, heat storage and allocation heat channel; 32, power supply auxiliary heat channel; 33, heat pipe array; 34, power regulation heat accumulator; 35, condenser; 36, solenoid valve one; 37, solenoid valve two; 38, solenoid valve three; 39, solenoid valve four; 40, solenoid valve five; 41, solenoid valve six. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific implementation of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] As mentioned above, the parking heater thermal management system of the present application includes a basic solution and various preferred solutions. The following will be described as an example of a preferred embodiment of a combination of multiple features. For example, the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit and / or the water outlet of the power cooling circuit are connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the return port of the water tank through a third solenoid valve and a water pipe respectively; the first example is that the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the return port of the water tank respectively through a third solenoid valve (three-way reversing valve) and a water pipe, see Figure 5As shown; the second example is that the water outlet of the power cooling circuit is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the reflux port of the water tank through the third solenoid valve and the water pipe respectively; the third example is a combination of the first example and the second example as a better preferred example, the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit and the water outlet of the power cooling circuit are connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the reflux port of the water tank respectively through the third solenoid valve and the water pipe; in the third example, the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit and the water outlet of the power cooling circuit can be first merged into a main water pipe and then connected to the water inlet and reflux port of the heat exchange cooling circuit respectively through a single third solenoid valve. The reflux port of the water tank; in the third example, the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit may be respectively connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the reflux port of the water tank through a third solenoid valve (defined as the third solenoid valve I), and the water outlet of the power supply cooling circuit may be respectively connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the reflux port of the water tank through another third solenoid valve (defined as the third solenoid valve II); correspondingly, in the first to third examples, the temperature sensor detection position may be arranged at the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit and / or the water outlet of the power supply cooling circuit and other positions according to actual conditions, which will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated parking heater thermal management system, the shell (outer shell) is divided into a lower cabin 1 and a lower cabin 2 by a horizontal partition, the upper cabin 1 is installed with a power box 3 and a fuel tank 4, the lower cabin 2 is installed with a parking heater (heater body), and the front and rear are air outlets 10 and air inlets 12. The parking heater is composed of a heat exchanger 5, a combustion chamber (combustion chamber unit) 20, a fan 6, etc. The lower cabin 2 is used to install the fuel tank 7, and the fuel tank 3 is connected to the heating plug 23 in the lower cabin 1 through the oil pipe 19 to enter the combustion chamber unit 20.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the parking heater is provided with fan blades 13, air inlet 15, exhaust gas 16, fixed support 17, heat dissipation fins 18, motor 19, and combustion chamber unit 20. The inner cavity of the combustion chamber unit 20 is divided into an air inlet cavity and an exhaust cavity, and the air inlet cavity and the exhaust cavity are connected through the heat exchanger 5; the air inlet cavity of the heat exchanger 5 is provided with an air inlet (external introduction port) 15 and a scavenging port 22, and the exhaust cavity in the combustion chamber unit 20 is provided with an exhaust port 16; the combustion-supporting gas is discharged from the heat exchanger air inlet 15, The scavenging air port 22 of the combustion chamber unit sequentially enters the combustion chamber unit 20, reacts with the fuel in the combustion chamber unit 20 and burns to generate a high-temperature flame which is ejected from the flame nozzle 24 to heat the heat dissipation fins 18. At the same time, the exhaust gas generated is discharged from the heat exchanger 5 through the tail gas port 16. Under the action of the fan 6, the external cold air enters the lower cabin 2 through the air inlet 10, exchanges heat with the heat dissipation fins 18 on the heat exchanger 5, and forms hot air which is discharged from the air outlet 10 to achieve heating of the cab.

[0046] Combustion chamber structure Figure 4 As shown, the chamber shell is usually made of high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant materials, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, to protect the internal components and prevent heat from dissipating too quickly; the fuel enters the combustion chamber unit 20 from the fuel tank through the oil pipe 21 with an oil pump, and the fuel nozzle at the entrance sprays the fuel in the form of high pressure to form fine droplets. The combustion chamber is equipped with a scavenging port, and the air pump turntable is driven by the fan 6 (or a special fan) to send the gas into the combustion chamber. The droplets are further broken and dispersed with the combustion air under the action of the scavenging port 22, increasing the contact area between the fuel and the air, making the oil and gas mix more fully, and improving the combustion efficiency; when the mixed gas reaches a certain concentration and temperature, it is ignited by the ignition system, and the ignition system is a heating plug 23, which is used to ignite the mixed gas.

[0047] Specifically, the length × width × height dimensions of the integrated parking heater housing are 320mm × 150mm × 250mm, and the length × width × height dimensions of the power box are 158mm × 146mm × 86mm.

[0048] The moving parts are four fixable universal wheels and two portable handles at both ends of the shell top, which facilitate the movement and positioning of the parking heater.

[0049] The air inlet is circular in shape, and the air outlet is rectangular with 45° chamfers at the four corners.

[0050] The sensor for measuring the temperature of the heat exchanger is installed at the air outlet and on the inner wall of the shell on the heat exchanger side.

[0051] The heat storage power regulation circuit (heat storage circuit) 27 is used to utilize the waste heat generated by the power box, the waste heat of the exhaust gas, etc. for heat recovery through the heat exchanger. According to actual needs, the heating component can be configured to provide heat through the fuel; the parking heater combustion circuit 25 is used to generate heat by burning the fuel in the combustion chamber, and heat exchange with the cold air through the heat exchanger (parking heat exchange circuit 26) to form hot air heating; the exhaust gas waste heat recovery (exhaust gas heat pipe array waste heat recovery) circuit 28 is used to further recover and utilize the heat in the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas waste heat recovery channel; the cooling water circuit (cooling heat energy circuit) 30 is used to guide the water flow to the power box cooling circuit (power cooling circuit), the parking heater cooling circuit (combustion cooling circuit, heat exchange cooling circuit), and at the same time, the water flow after heat exchange can be guided to the heat exchanger (heat exchange cooling circuit) to recover heat.

[0052] The water tank, the parking heater and the power box are all connected to the circulating water circuit (cooling circuit). Among them, the water outlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit of the heat exchanger can be connected to the external discharge or to the reflux port of the water tank. Here, the connection to the water tank is used as an example to realize the cooling cycle in the system.

[0053] Solenoid valve 1 (first solenoid valve) 36 is used to open and close the power regulation heat accumulator fuel oil channel 29, solenoid valve 2 (second solenoid valve) 37 is used to open and close the parking heater exhaust waste heat recovery end channel, solenoid valve 3 (third solenoid valve) 38 is used to change the water flow direction, solenoid valve 4 (fourth solenoid valve) 39 is used to control the circulation direction of recovered heat, solenoid valve 5 (fifth solenoid valve) 40 is used to open and close the connection path between the heat accumulator and the heat exchanger, and solenoid valve 6 (sixth solenoid valve) 41 is used to open and close the power box auxiliary heat channel 32. Solenoid valve 3 is a three-way solenoid valve that can adjust the hot water switch to enter the water tank or heat exchanger. Solenoid valve 4 is a three-way solenoid valve that can adjust the heat switch to enter the heat accumulator or heat exchanger.

[0054] When the temperature of the heat accumulator (power regulating heat accumulator) 34 is lower than the target heat storage temperature, the solenoid valve 36 will open, opening the heat storage fuel oil channel 29, and the heat accumulator will work and store heat; when the temperature of the heat accumulator reaches the target temperature, the solenoid valve 1 will close, cutting off the heat storage fuel oil channel, and the heat accumulator will stop storing heat.

[0055] The operating status of the parking heater and the exhaust gas temperature are detected by the temperature sensor, and the solenoid valves 2 and 4 are automatically opened or closed. When the exhaust gas temperature reaches the preset recovery temperature, the solenoid valve 2 will be opened, and the exhaust gas will enter the heat pipe array through the waste heat recovery end channel, evaporate the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe into gas, and then the condenser condenses the medium into liquid to release heat, and enters the heat exchanger or power regulation heat accumulator to realize heat transfer.

[0056] The system status is monitored in real time using temperature sensors and other devices. When the power box and parking heater need to be cooled first, solenoid valve three can direct the water flow to the power box and parking heater. When the passenger compartment needs to be heated, the water flow after heat exchange can be directed to the heat exchanger, or the manual control mode can be set to adjust as needed.

[0057] The parking heater thermal management system Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the thermal management control steps are:

[0058] S1: Start the thermal management system, including temperature sensors, controllers and solenoid valves, etc., set the heating temperature and the target operating temperature of the power box, the target operating temperature of the parking heater, the preset temperature of the exhaust waste heat recovery, the target temperature of the heat accumulator, and the operating temperature of the water tank;

[0059] S2: The temperature sensor collects the temperature of the cab, power box, combustion chamber, exhaust gas, heat accumulator, water tank, and heat exchanger, and transmits the collected data to the controller;

[0060] S3: The controller analyzes and processes the temperature information, converts the processed results into control instructions and sends them to actuators such as the oil pump, the fan, the solenoid valve 1, the solenoid valve 2, the solenoid valve 3, the solenoid valve 4, the solenoid valve 5, and the solenoid valve 6;

[0061] S4: Based on the difference between the power box temperature and the target operating temperature, determine whether it is necessary to start the cooling water circuit or the power auxiliary heat channel. If it is found that the temperature difference is too large, adjust the cooling and heating strategies to reduce the temperature difference.

[0062] S5: After normal startup, the temperature dynamic programming algorithm is applied according to the environment, outlet temperature and target heating temperature to adjust the distribution ratio of the fan, oil pump and each heat source circuit in the heat exchanger in real time, so as to reduce fuel and electricity consumption and improve thermal energy utilization;

[0063] S6: Monitor the operating status and various temperature parameters of the parking heater in real time, and adjust system parameters according to the optimization strategy to improve the performance and efficiency of the system.

[0064] The specific control process of the thermal management system under different working conditions is as follows:

[0065] 1) Normal working status

[0066] The parking heater combustion circuit operates normally. When the exhaust gas temperature sensor reaches the preset temperature, solenoid valves two and four are automatically opened. The high-temperature exhaust gas heats the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe array into gas, which is condensed and released through the condenser to introduce the heat energy into the heat exchanger to realize waste heat recovery. When the temperature of the parking heater outlet reaches the preset heating temperature, the three-way solenoid valve four is switched to introduce the waste heat collected by the heat pipe array into the heat accumulator.

[0067] 2) Shutdown status

[0068] When the system receives a shutdown command, the controller will immediately stop the parking heater oil pump, close the solenoid valve 1 to stop the auxiliary heating oil supply, switch the three-way solenoid valve 4 to introduce the exhaust gas waste heat into the heat accumulator, wait for the exhaust gas temperature to drop to the shutdown preset temperature, close the fan, solenoid valve 3, solenoid valve 4, solenoid valve 5, cut off the cooling water circuit heat recovery, power allocation hot channel 31 and heat accumulator power regulation circuit 27. At the same time, the control system will enter the standby state, waiting for the next start command.

[0069] 3) High power working state

[0070] Under high power demand, when the cab needs to heat up quickly, the controller will increase the combustion power of the parking heater, increase the fuel supply and the fan speed, and at the same time close the solenoid valve six, the power box circuit of the heat storage power regulation circuit stops working, and switch the solenoid valve three to direct the heat of the cooling water circuit to the heat exchanger to cool the parking heater and the power box and recover the waste heat through the heat exchanger, open the solenoid valve two and the solenoid valve five to release the heat stored in the heat accumulator and at the same time convert the three-way solenoid valve four to guide the exhaust waste heat into the heat exchanger, and the exhaust heat pipe array waste heat recovery circuit will also work harder to further improve the thermal energy utilization rate. When the heat storage amount of the heat accumulator is lower than the heat storage threshold, solenoid valve 1 is opened, and the heat storage component of the heat accumulator is used to generate heat to replenish the heat storage in time, so that the heat accumulator can continue to provide more heat energy to the heat exchanger for a longer time; wherein, when the heat energy power of the heating component is higher, the heat storage threshold value can be lower, for example, the heat storage threshold value is set to 20% of the total heat storage amount, and vice versa, the heat storage threshold value can be higher, for example, the heat storage threshold value is set to 50% of the total heat storage amount; for example, when the heat storage amount is lower than 35% of the total heat storage amount, solenoid valve 1 is opened, and the heat storage component of the heat accumulator is started to generate heat energy for replenishment. At this time, regardless of whether the heat energy generated by the heating component is more than the heating energy consumption of the heat accumulator, the heating time of the heat accumulator can be extended.

[0071] 4) Low power working state

[0072] Under low power demand, the controller will reduce the fuel supply and lower the fan speed, open solenoid valve 1 and solenoid valve 3, connect the heat storage power regulation loop, and the fuel oil channel supplies oil into the heat accumulator to use the power box for auxiliary heating. At the same time, the three-way solenoid valve 4 is switched to connect the heat storage allocation heat channel 31 to introduce the exhaust waste heat into the power regulation heat accumulator 34, and the solenoid valve 5 is closed to realize heat storage. When the real-time temperature of the reflux section reaches the cooling heat energy recovery temperature, the third solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger, otherwise it remains connected to the water tank, so that when the parking heater is running at high power, the power supply voltage pressure caused by the operation of the high-speed motor can be alleviated.

[0073] The temperature control strategies adopted by the thermal management system in response to different working conditions are as follows:

[0074] 1) Dynamic and stable adjustment strategy: After normal startup, when the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the preset heating temperature does not fluctuate by more than 5°C, a dynamic adjustment strategy is adopted to adjust the fan, oil pump and the distribution ratio of each heat source circuit in the heat exchanger in real time according to the environment, air outlet temperature and target heating temperature, so as to reduce fuel and electricity consumption and improve thermal energy utilization;

[0075] 2) Overheat heating recovery strategy: When it is detected that the ambient temperature is more than 5°C higher than the preset heating temperature, the controller sends a signal, adjusts the oil pump injection frequency or shuts down for cooling through the correction algorithm, switches solenoid valve four to the end of the heat storage allocation channel, opens solenoid valve four, closes solenoid valve five, connects the heat storage allocation channel to use the power adjustment heat accumulator 31 to collect heat, and switches solenoid valve three to guide the cooling water circuit to the heat exchanger. After the system cools to the normal floating temperature range, the controller switches the strategy to the normal working dynamic adjustment strategy.

[0076] 3) Low power and high temperature protection strategy: When the power temperature exceeds the preset high temperature working threshold (such as 60°C), the controller issues a power high temperature protection command, opens solenoid valve three, closes solenoid valve six, closes the power auxiliary heat channel and guides the cooling water circuit to recover the waste heat from the power box; when the ambient temperature is low and the power temperature is lower than the preset working temperature, the controller limits the total power output of the system, reduces the current load, and avoids the impact of instantaneous large current on the power supply and line during cold start. At the same time, solenoid valve six will be opened, and the heat in the heat accumulator will enter the power box through the power auxiliary heat channel for heating, thereby increasing the power temperature to ensure normal operation. When additional heating is not required, solenoid valve six will be closed, cutting off the power auxiliary heat channel to save fuel.

[0077] 4) Load tidal electric heating complementary strategy: When operating at a low power gear, the controller will reduce the fuel supply and lower the fan speed, open solenoid valve 1 and solenoid valve 3, connect the heat storage power regulation loop, and the fuel oil channel supplies oil into the heat accumulator to use the power box for auxiliary heating. At the same time, the three-way solenoid valve 4 is converted to connect the heat storage allocation heat channel 31 to introduce the exhaust waste heat into the power regulation heat accumulator 34, and the solenoid valve 5 is closed to realize heat storage, so that when the parking heater is running at high power, the power supply voltage pressure caused by the operation of the high-speed motor is relieved; when operating at a high power gear, the solenoid valve 5 is opened to release the heat stored in the power regulation heat accumulator to the heat exchanger.

[0078] The temperature dynamic programming algorithm used by the thermal management system is as follows:

[0079] 1. Detect and calculate the difference between the actual ambient temperature and the target heating temperature:

[0080] ΔT=T ambient -T target

[0081] 2. Oil pump injection frequency, fan power linear adjustment coefficient K p :

[0082] K p =AΔT+B

[0083] Among them, A and B are correction coefficients. In order to ensure K p Within a reasonable range, the upper and lower limits should be set without destroying the working tolerance threshold of each component, 0.1 <K p <2;

[0084] The oil pump injection frequency at the i+1th moment:

[0085] f i+1 =K P *f i

[0086] Wind turbine power at the i+1th moment:

[0087] P i+1 =min(max(K P *P base , P i ), P max )

[0088] Among them, P base is the rated power of the oil pump fan, P min and P max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fan power respectively.

[0089] 3. Heat source circuit allocation ratio adjustment:

[0090] The proportion of heat sources thermally coupled to the heat exchanger can be divided into four parts: combustion circuit R 1 , Cooling water circuit R 2 , exhaust heat pipe array waste heat recovery circuit R 3 , power regulation heat storage circuit R 4

[0091] The sum of the basic allocation ratios of all heat source circuits is 1:

[0092]

[0093] Heat source circuit allocation linear adjustment coefficient:

[0094] K r =CΔT+D

[0095] Among them, C and D are heat source allocation correction coefficients. The combustion circuit is the main source of heat for the heat exchanger. The combustion circuit R 1 Corrected limit: R1≥0.7

[0096] After normal operation, the distribution ratio of each heat source after adjustment is:

[0097]

[0098] Different from the oil injection frequency and fan power adjustment, the heat source distribution adjustment cycle is 120s

[0099] 4. Normalize the heat source circuit allocation and perform parameter correction to ensure that the sum of the allocation ratios of all heat source circuits is 1:

[0100]

[0101] As mentioned above, the integrated parking heater thermal management system includes an integrated parking heater and a thermal management system. The shell is divided into two cabins by a horizontal partition to integrate the oil tank, power box, heat exchanger, combustion chamber, and fan. The first cabin is equipped with the oil tank and power box, and the second cabin is equipped with the heat exchanger, combustion chamber, and fan, and is connected to the heat exchanger through an oil pipe with an oil pump; four universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the shell; the thermal management system includes a temperature sensor, a controller, a solenoid valve, a heat storage power adjustment circuit, a parking heater combustion circuit, and an exhaust heat The heat pipe array comprises a waste heat recovery circuit, a fuel oil channel, a heat storage and allocation heat channel, a power supply auxiliary heat channel, a cooling water channel, a power regulation heat accumulator, a heat pipe array, a condenser and a heat exchanger. The controller is connected to the parking heater oil pump and the fan. The heat exchanger is thermally coupled with the heat storage power regulation circuit, the parking heater combustion circuit, the exhaust heat pipe array waste heat recovery circuit and the cooling water channel respectively. The power regulation heat accumulator is connected to the power supply, the heat storage and allocation heat channel and the fuel oil channel to realize heat storage. The fan inhales cold air and exchanges heat with the heat exchanger to form hot air to realize cab heating.

[0102] The integrated parking heater thermal management system can not only use temperature sensors in multiple locations and heat storage distribution channels to provide real-time feedback of ambient temperature and intelligently adjust the temperature, realize comprehensive recycling and efficient distribution of multiple heat sources in the parking system, and improve the level of intelligence, but also use solenoid valves to control the heat storage device to alleviate the power pressure under fans of different powers, realize tidal control of electric energy and heat energy, and improve the utilization rate of heat energy. Its advantages are as follows.

[0103] 1. Its integrated structural technology solution divides the shell into two cabins through a horizontal partition, which integrates and installs key components such as the fuel tank, power box, heat exchanger, combustion chamber, and fan. This design effectively reduces the extra space required for decentralized installation, making the parking heater more compact, easy to install and carry, and has the characteristics of portability and flexibility.

[0104] 2. The heating management system solution can adjust the oil and air intake in real time according to the temperature of multiple blocks and the preset temperature. It can operate intelligently and effectively reduce fuel loss. At the same time, it can integrate multiple heat sources such as the thermal storage power regulation loop, the parking heater combustion loop, the exhaust heat pipe array waste heat recovery loop, and the cooling water circuit to achieve comprehensive recovery and efficient distribution of thermal energy, reduce operating costs and improve thermal energy utilization.

[0105] 3. This thermal management solution realizes linkage control or independent control of heat source circuits such as the heat storage power regulation circuit and the parking heater combustion circuit, and regulates the opening and closing of the solenoid valve, the oil supply frequency of the oil pump, the speed of the fan, etc. according to the preset algorithm and control logic. At the same time, the power regulation heat storage device stores heat when the fan is running at low power, and uses the stored heat to relieve the power pressure of the fan when it is running at high power. It tidally regulates the power consumption and heat flow, simplifies personnel operation, realizes efficient utilization of thermal energy and precise control of temperature, and improves the heating efficiency of the parking heater.

[0106] It should be pointed out that the examples of the above-mentioned embodiments can be preferably combined with one or more of them according to actual needs, and multiple examples use a set of drawings to illustrate the combined technical features, which will not be described one by one here.

[0107] It should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0108] The above descriptions are detailed descriptions and illustrations of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but these descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of protection required by the present invention. All equivalent changes or modified modifications accomplished under the technical teachings suggested by the present invention should fall within the scope of patent protection covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking heater thermal management system, characterized in that: It includes a heater body, an oil tank, a power supply box, a water tank, a heat pipe waste heat recovery component, a heat accumulator, a temperature sensor component and a controller; The heater body includes a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a heat dissipation component and a fan. The heat dissipation component is arranged on the outer wall of the I end of the heat exchanger. The fan is arranged at the II end of the heat exchanger and its air blowing duct covers the heat dissipation component. The heating plug of the combustion chamber is connected to the oil tank through an oil pipe and an oil pump. The heating plug of the combustion chamber is electrically connected to the power box. The flame outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is provided with an exhaust port, and the combustion chamber is provided with a scavenging port. The heat exchanger is provided with a heat exchange cooling circuit, the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion cooling circuit, the power supply box is provided with a power supply cooling circuit, the drainage port of the water tank is respectively connected to the water inlet of the combustion cooling circuit and the water inlet of the power supply cooling circuit, and the water outlet of the combustion cooling circuit and / or the water outlet of the power supply cooling circuit are respectively connected to the water inlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit and the reflux port of the water tank through a third solenoid valve and a water pipe; The air inlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery assembly is connected to the tail gas outlet of the heat exchanger through the second solenoid valve and the tail gas pipe, and the heat outlet of the waste heat recovery assembly is connected to the first air inlet of the heat accumulator and the heat exchanger through the fourth solenoid valve and the heat pipe respectively; The heat accumulator is equipped with a heating component, and its fuel port is connected to the oil tank through the first solenoid valve and the fuel pipe; the first air outlet of the heat accumulator is connected to the heat exchanger through the fifth solenoid valve and the heat pipe, and the first air outlet of the heat accumulator is connected to the power box through the sixth solenoid valve and the heat pipe; The temperature sensor components respectively detect the temperatures of the indoor environment and the power box, combustion chamber, exhaust gas, heat accumulator, water tank, and heat exchanger, and upload real-time temperature signals to the controller; the controller controls the ignition action of the heating plug, controls the refueling action of the oil pump, controls the blowing action of the fan, controls the switching action of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve, as well as the switching and steering actions of the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve, and the power box supplies power to the controller.

2. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control program of the controller for realizing gear control under different working conditions includes the following contents: According to the input command, the normal gear working procedure is executed, which is as follows: the heating plug is controlled to ignite and run, and the oil pump refueling amount and the fan speed are controlled according to the normal gear parameters; when the real-time temperature of the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust gas waste heat recovery temperature, the second solenoid valve is opened, and the fourth solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger, and when the real-time temperature of the indoor environment reaches the heating target temperature, the fourth solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat accumulator; According to the input command, the high-power gear working procedure is executed, which is as follows: the heating plug is controlled to ignite and run, and the oil pump refueling amount and the fan speed are controlled according to the high-speed gear parameters; the sixth solenoid valve is closed, the second solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve are opened, and the third solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger, and the fourth solenoid valve is switched to connect to the heat exchanger; when the heat storage of the heat accumulator is lower than the heat storage threshold, the first solenoid valve is opened; According to the input command, the low-power gear working procedure is executed, which is as follows: control the ignition operation of the heating plug, and control the oil pump refueling amount and the fan speed according to the low-gear parameters; close the fifth solenoid valve and open the first solenoid valve; when the real-time temperature of the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust gas waste heat recovery temperature, open the second solenoid valve, and switch the fourth solenoid valve to connect to the heat accumulator; when the real-time reflux temperature of the combustion chamber and / or the power box reaches the cooling heat recovery temperature, switch the third solenoid valve to connect to the heat exchanger, otherwise keep connecting to the water tank; According to the input command, the shutdown procedure is executed, as follows: control the oil pump to stop refueling, close the first solenoid valve, switch the fourth solenoid valve to connect to the heat accumulator; when the real-time temperature of the exhaust gas drops to its shutdown preset temperature, close the fan, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve, and enter the standby state to wait for the next start-up command.

3. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control program of the controller for realizing gear control under different working conditions also includes the following contents: According to the input instructions, the adaptive working procedure is executed, as follows: first, the normal gear working procedure is executed to start the operation; then, the temperature difference between the real-time temperature of the indoor environment and the heating target temperature is obtained, and the temperature difference is determined to be within the preset gear threshold range, and the normal gear working procedure, high-power gear working procedure or low-power gear working procedure is executed.

4. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control process of the controller for realizing heating control includes the following contents: Step S10, start preparation for heating, receive preset temperature parameters to set the heating target temperature and the target operating temperature of the power box, the target operating temperature of the parking heater, the exhaust waste heat recovery temperature, the heat accumulator target temperature, and the water tank operating temperature; Step S20, heating is performed according to a preset working program, and corresponding control signals are output to the heating plug, the oil pump, the fan, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve; Step S30, receiving the real-time temperature values ​​of each temperature sensor of the temperature sensor assembly, comparing the real-time temperature values ​​of the power box and the water tank with the corresponding preset temperature parameters, and outputting corresponding control signals to the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, and the sixth solenoid valve accordingly; Step S40, after starting up normally for a period of time according to the preset working procedure, adjust the distribution ratio of each heat source circuit in the heat exchanger in real time according to the real-time temperature of the indoor environment, the air outlet temperature of the heat dissipation component and the heating target temperature; wherein, each heat source circuit includes a combustion circuit, exhaust gas waste heat recovery, cooling heat energy recovery and a heat accumulator circuit.

5. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of using the temperature dynamic programming method to adjust the distribution ratio of each heat source in real time in step S40 includes the following contents:

41. Detect and calculate the difference between the real-time temperature of the indoor environment and the heating target temperature as ΔT = T ambient -T target ; 42. Calculate and adjust the oil pump injection frequency and fan power of the combustion circuit; the linear adjustment coefficient is K p =AΔT+B, where A and B are correction coefficients, 0.1 <K p <2; the oil pump injection frequency at the i+1th moment is f i+1 =K p *f i ; The fan power at the i+1th moment is P i+1 =min(max(K p *P base , P i ), P max ), where P base is the rated power of the oil pump fan, P min and P max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the fan power respectively; 43. Calculate and adjust the heat source circuit allocation ratio; define the heat source circuit ratios thermally coupled with the heat exchanger as combustion circuit R1, cooling heat recovery circuit R2, exhaust waste heat recovery circuit R3, and heat storage circuit R4. The sum of the basic allocation ratios of all heat source circuits is 1; the linear adjustment coefficient of heat source circuit allocation is K r =CΔT+D, where C and D are heat source distribution correction coefficients, and combustion circuit R1≥0.7; after a period of normal startup, the distribution ratio of each heat source after adjustment is The heat source allocation adjustment cycle is 120s.

6. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific process of using the temperature dynamic programming method to adjust the distribution ratio of each heat source in real time in step S40 also includes the following contents:

44. Normalize the heat source circuit allocation and perform parameter correction to ensure that the sum of the allocation ratios of all heat source circuits is 1.

7. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S40, the work is started normally according to the preset working procedure, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature of the indoor environment and the heating target temperature is calculated regularly. When the temperature difference fluctuates within a certain threshold value T0, the distribution ratio of each heat source is adjusted in real time, where T0 is 3-10°C.

8. The parking heater thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an outer shell, which is divided into an upper cabin and a lower cabin by a partition, and the lower cabin is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet; the oil tank is installed in the upper cabin for oil supply; the power box is installed in the upper cabin for power supply; the heater body is installed in the lower cabin for heat supply through the air inlet and the air outlet; the water tank is installed in the upper cabin for circulating cooling; at least four universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the outer shell; the water outlet of the heat exchange cooling circuit of the heat exchanger is connected to the reflux port of the water tank.

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