Automatic conveying device for straw processing and smashing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of straw processing, and particularly relates to an automatic conveying device for straw processing and smashing, which comprises a box body, a discharge port is formed in one side of the box body, a belt conveying mechanism located at the discharge port is arranged in the box body, a feed port is formed in the top of the box body, and a slag discharge port inclining downwards towards one side is formed in the bottom of the box body. A uniformity collecting module and a material thickness collecting module are arranged above a conveying belt of the belt conveying mechanism, a control module is fixed to the back face of the box body, and a vibration mechanism, a flattening mechanism and an ash pumping mechanism are further arranged on the box body. The spreading uniformity and the stacking thickness of the straws are monitored in real time through the uniformity acquisition module and the material thickness acquisition module, and the control module generates an evaluation coefficient according to acquired data, compares the evaluation coefficient with a preset threshold value and controls the working state of the spreading mechanism, so that the straws are always uniformly distributed on the conveying belt, and the raising amount of dust is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of straw processing, and in particular to an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing. Background Art

[0002] In order to solve the problem of dust in the transportation process after straw is crushed, a Chinese patent with publication number CN220165026U discloses an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing, including two sets of frames, the inner sides of the two sets of frames are provided with conveyor belts, the surface of the conveyor belts is provided with filter holes for filtering dust in the straw crushed materials, the inner ring of the conveyor belts is rotatably installed with two sets of rotating rods, the surfaces of the two sets of rotating rods are fixedly installed with eccentric rollers, and one end of the two sets of rotating rods is connected together through a transmission assembly, a driving assembly for driving the eccentric rollers to rotate is installed between the two sets of frames, and a protective shell is fixedly installed on the top of the two sets of frames and outside the conveyor belt, and a dustproof assembly is connected to the top of the protective shell. Although the existing technical problems have been solved, the following problems still exist:

[0003] In this technical solution, dust is raised by inducing vibration of the conveyor belt and then is sucked away. However, the straw is generally piled together after entering the conveyor belt from the upper hopper. Due to the large pile thickness, a lot of dust is difficult to raise, which reduces the amount of dust collected. Therefore, corresponding improvements are made to address this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing.

[0005] The invention provides an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing, comprising a box body, a discharge port is provided on one side of the box body, a belt conveying mechanism located at the discharge port is arranged in the box body, a feed port is provided on the top of the box body, a slag discharge port inclined downward toward one side is provided on the bottom of the box body, a uniformity collection module and a material thickness collection module are arranged above the conveyor belt of the belt conveying mechanism, a control module is fixed on the back side of the box body, and a vibration mechanism, a flattening mechanism and an ash extraction mechanism are also arranged on the box body; the uniformity collection module is used for real-time detection of the uniformity of the spread of the straw, and the material thickness collection module is used for real-time detection of the stacking thickness of the straw; the straw is introduced into the box body through the feed port, and the belt conveying mechanism will drive the conveyor belt to move The conveyor belt rotates and conveys the straw to the discharge port. During this period, the vibration mechanism will cause the conveyor belt to vibrate, causing the dust in the straw to rise, and some straw fragments or soil particles will fall through the small holes on the conveyor belt to the slag discharge port and then be discharged from the box. The ash extraction mechanism will extract the dust. During this process, the control module will receive the data collected by the uniformity acquisition module and the material thickness acquisition module in real time, and conduct a comprehensive analysis, and then generate an evaluation coefficient, and compare the evaluation coefficient with the pre-set evaluation coefficient reference threshold to determine whether the straw is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt, and control the working state of the flattening mechanism according to the comparison result. If the straw is not evenly distributed on the conveyor belt, the flattening mechanism will start to flatten the straw.

[0006] Preferably, the uniformity collection module is fixed on the top inner wall of the box, and the material thickness collection module is fixed on one side inner wall of the box; in this way, the uniformity of the straw spreading can be better detected through the uniformity collection module, and the thickness of the straw stacking can be better detected through the material thickness collection module.

[0007] Preferably, the belt conveyor mechanism includes a pair of conveying rollers rotatably connected to the box body, the ends of the two conveying rollers are respectively fixedly sleeved with pulleys, the two pulleys are connected by belts, and a first motor is fixed to the back of the box body, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the end of one of the conveying rollers; after the first motor is started, it will drive one of the conveying rollers to rotate through the output shaft, and then the conveyor belt is operated through the transmission cooperation of the pulley and the belt to transport the straw.

[0008] Preferably, the vibration mechanism includes a camshaft located in the middle of the conveyor belt, the camshaft is rotatably connected to the box body, a second motor is fixed to the back of the box body, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the end of the camshaft; after the second motor is started, it will drive the camshaft to rotate through the output shaft, and the rotating camshaft will periodically hit the inner surface of the conveyor belt, thereby causing the conveyor belt to vibrate and causing dust to rise. The vibration mechanism can also be a common structure such as a vibration motor.

[0009] Preferably, the flattening mechanism includes an inner shaft located above the conveyor belt and rotatably connected to the box body, the inner shaft is sleeved with a stirring frame that can move along the axial direction of the inner shaft, a driving motor is fixed to the back of the box body, the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shaft, a pair of electromagnets symmetrically distributed about the inner shaft are fixed on the inner wall of one side of the box body, a stirring rod of the stirring frame close to the electromagnet is embedded with a magnetic strip, a sliding strip is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the inner shaft, and a sliding groove is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the stirring frame, and a sliding fit is formed between the sliding groove and the sliding strip; after the driving motor is started, it will drive the inner shaft and the stirring frame to rotate through the output shaft, and at the same time, when the magnetic strip rotates to approach one of the electromagnets, it is subjected to magnetic attraction, and when it rotates to approach the other electromagnet, it is subjected to magnetic repulsion, so that the stirring frame will reciprocate along the axial direction of the inner shaft, thereby flattening the two sides of the accumulated straw.

[0010] Preferably, the dust extraction mechanism includes a fan fixed on the top of the box, the air inlet end of the fan is connected to a wind hood, and the bottom end of the wind hood extends into the interior of the box; the dust bag is first installed on the air outlet end of the fan, and when the fan is started, negative pressure is generated at the wind hood, thereby sucking away the dust in the box and collecting it in the dust bag.

[0011] Preferably, the calculation formula of the thickness standardization value is:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, d max is the maximum allowable thickness.

[0014] Preferably, the calculation formula of the uniformity normalization value is:

[0015]

[0016] Wherein, u is calculated by the grayscale variance method of image analysis or the pressure distribution variance.

[0017] Preferably, the calculation formula of the evaluation coefficient is:

[0018] K=α d′+β u′

[0019] Wherein α, β: weight coefficients (α+β=1).

[0020] Preferably, the specific logic of comparing the evaluation coefficient with a preset evaluation coefficient reference threshold to determine whether the straw is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt and controlling the working state of the flattening mechanism according to the comparison result is as follows:

[0021] If K ≥ K threshold, start the flattening mechanism at speed v = v base (K-0.5) movement, where v base is the base speed;

[0022] If K < K threshold, the flattening mechanism is turned off.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. An automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing, through the uniformity acquisition module and the material thickness acquisition module, monitors the uniformity of the spread straw and the stacking thickness in real time. The control module generates an evaluation coefficient according to the acquired data and compares it with a preset threshold to control the working state of the flattening mechanism, so as to ensure that the straw is always evenly distributed on the conveyor belt, thereby increasing the amount of dust raised.

[0025] 2. An automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing, by giving the calculation formulas for the thickness standard value, the uniformity standard value and the evaluation coefficient, makes the monitoring and evaluation of the straw conveying state more scientific and accurate. Based on the logic of controlling the working state of the flattening mechanism according to the comparison result between the evaluation coefficient and the threshold, intelligent control is realized, the degree of automation is improved, manual intervention is reduced, and the production efficiency is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first angle of an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second angle of an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the inner shaft and the stirring frame of an automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Box body; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Discharge port; 4. Feed port; 5. Uniformity acquisition module; 6. Material thickness acquisition module; 7. Control module; 8. Drive motor; 9. Inner shaft; 10. Stirring frame; 11. Stirring rod; 12. Magnetic strip; 13. Electromagnet; 14. Slide bar; 15. Slide chute; 16. Conveyor roller; 17. Pulley; 18. Belt; 19. First motor; 20. Second motor; 21. Camshaft; 22. Fan; 23. Wind hood; 24. Slag discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 An automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing comprises a box body 1, a discharge port 3 is provided on one side of the box body 1, a belt conveying mechanism is arranged at the discharge port 3 in the box body 1, a feed port 4 is arranged on the top of the box body 1, a slag discharge port 24 inclined downward to one side is arranged on the bottom of the box body 1, a uniformity collection module 5 and a material thickness collection module 6 are arranged above the conveyor belt 2 of the belt conveying mechanism, a control module 7 is fixed on the back of the box body 1, and a vibration mechanism, a flattening mechanism and an ash extraction mechanism are also arranged on the box body 1;

[0036] The uniformity acquisition module 5 is used to detect the uniformity of the straw spread in real time, and the material thickness acquisition module 6 is used to detect the stacking thickness of the straw in real time;

[0037] It should be noted that the uniformity acquisition module 5 may be an image recognition module / pressure sensor array or other equipment capable of detecting the uniformity of the straw spread in real time. The uniformity acquisition module 5 is not specifically limited here and may be selected according to actual needs.

[0038] The material thickness acquisition module 6 may be a laser rangefinder / infrared sensor or other equipment capable of detecting the stacking thickness of the straw in real time. The material thickness acquisition module 6 is not specifically limited here and may be selected according to actual needs;

[0039] The control module 7 may be an embedded controller (such as a PLC or a single-chip microcomputer) that receives sensor data and outputs control instructions. The control module 7 is not specifically limited here and may be selected according to actual needs.

[0040] When in use, the straw is introduced into the box body 1 through the feed port 4, and the belt conveyor mechanism will drive the conveyor belt 2 to operate and transport the straw to the discharge port 3. During this period, the vibration mechanism will cause the conveyor belt 2 to vibrate, causing the dust in the straw to rise, and some straw debris or soil particles will fall through the small holes on the conveyor belt 2 to the slag discharge port 24 and then be discharged from the box body 1. The ash extraction mechanism will extract the dust. During this process, the control module 7 will receive the data collected by the uniformity acquisition module 5 and the material thickness acquisition module 6 in real time, and conduct a comprehensive analysis, and then generate an evaluation coefficient. By comparing the evaluation coefficient with a preset evaluation coefficient reference threshold, it is determined whether the straw is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 2, and the working state of the flattening mechanism is controlled according to the comparison result. If the straw is not evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 2, the flattening mechanism will start to flatten the straw.

[0041] Among them, the uniformity acquisition module 5 is fixed on the top inner wall of the box body 1, and the material thickness acquisition module 6 is fixed on one side inner wall of the box body 1;

[0042] When in use, the uniformity of the straw spread can be better detected through the uniformity acquisition module 5, and the thickness of the straw stack can be better detected through the material thickness acquisition module 6.

[0043] The belt conveyor mechanism includes a pair of conveyor rollers 16 rotatably connected to the box body 1, and the ends of the two conveyor rollers 16 are respectively fixedly sleeved with pulleys 17, and the two pulleys 17 are connected by a belt 18. A first motor 19 is fixed on the back of the box body 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 19 is fixedly connected to the end of one of the conveyor rollers 16;

[0044] When in use, after the first motor 19 is started, it will drive one of the conveying rollers 16 to rotate through the output shaft, and then the conveyor belt 2 will operate through the transmission cooperation of the pulley 17 and the belt 18 to transport the straw.

[0045] The vibration mechanism includes a camshaft 21 located in the middle of the conveyor belt 2, the camshaft 21 is rotatably connected to the box body 1, a second motor 20 is fixed to the back of the box body 1, and the output shaft of the second motor 20 is fixedly connected to the end of the camshaft 21;

[0046] When in use, after the second motor 20 is started, it will drive the camshaft 21 to rotate through the output shaft. The rotating camshaft 21 will periodically hit the inner surface of the conveyor belt 2, thereby causing the conveyor belt 2 to vibrate, causing dust to rise. The vibration mechanism can also be but is not limited to common structures such as vibration motors.

[0047] The flattening mechanism includes an inner shaft 9 rotatably connected to the box body 1 and located above the conveyor belt 2, a stirring frame 10 capable of moving along the axial direction of the inner shaft 9 is sleeved on the inner shaft 9, a driving motor 8 is fixed on the back of the box body 1, and the output shaft of the driving motor 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shaft 9, a pair of electromagnets 13 symmetrically distributed about the inner shaft 9 are fixed on the inner wall of one side of the box body 1, a stirring rod 11 of the stirring frame 10 close to the electromagnet 13 is embedded with a magnetic strip 12, a sliding strip 14 is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the inner shaft 9, and a sliding groove 15 is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the stirring frame 10, and a sliding fit is formed between the sliding groove 15 and the sliding strip 14;

[0048] When in use, after the driving motor 8 is started, it will drive the inner shaft 9 and the stirring frame 10 to rotate through the output shaft. At the same time, when the magnetic strip 12 rotates to approach one of the electromagnets 13, it is subjected to magnetic attraction, and when it rotates to approach the other electromagnet 13, it is subjected to magnetic repulsion. In this way, the stirring frame 10 will reciprocate along the axial direction of the inner shaft 9, thereby flattening the two sides of the accumulated straw. The flattening mechanism can also be but is not limited to a common structure such as a reciprocating scraper that can achieve a flattening action.

[0049] The dust extraction mechanism includes a fan 22 fixed on the top of the box body 1, the air inlet end of the fan 22 is connected to a wind cover 23, and the bottom end of the wind cover 23 extends into the interior of the box body 1;

[0050] When in use, the dust bag is first installed on the air outlet end of the fan 22. After the fan 22 is started, negative pressure is generated at the wind cover 23, thereby sucking away the dust in the box body 1 and collecting it in the dust bag.

[0051] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the thickness standardization value is:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, d max is the maximum allowable thickness.

[0054] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the uniformity normalization value is:

[0055]

[0056] Where d is the thickness, u is the uniformity (unitless, 0-1 interval, 1 is completely uniform), and u is calculated by the grayscale variance method of image analysis or the variance of pressure distribution;

[0057] 1. Image analysis (grayscale variance method)

[0058] Application scenario: The camera is used to collect images of the distribution of straw on the conveyor belt 2, and the grayscale variance is calculated to evaluate the spreading uniformity. The larger the grayscale variance, the more uneven the distribution of the straw (there are differences in light and dark).

[0059] Formula derivation:

[0060] 1. Grayscale mean

[0061]

[0062] Where M×N: image resolution (total number of pixels), p(i,j): grayscale value of pixel (i,j) (0-255, 0 is pure black, 255 is pure white).

[0063] 2. Grayscale variance

[0064]

[0065] Among them, the larger the variance, the more uneven the straw distribution is (for example, some areas are too thickly piled up, resulting in dark color, while other areas are light in color).

[0066] Uniformity index

[0067]

[0068] in, The maximum allowable variance of the experimental calibration (such as the variance of a pure black and white checkerboard image), u gray The closer it is to l, the higher the uniformity.

[0069] 2. Pressure distribution variance calculation

[0070] Application scenario: Install a pressure sensor array under the conveyor belt 2 to evaluate the uniformity of straw spreading through the pressure distribution variance. The more concentrated the pressure distribution, the greater the variance and the lower the uniformity.

[0071] Formula derivation:

[0072] 1. Pressure mean

[0073]

[0074] Where, K: number of pressure sensors, F: k : The pressure value of the kth sensor (unit: N).

[0075] 2. Pressure variance

[0076]

[0077] Among them, the larger the variance, the more uneven the pressure distribution (for example, the pressure of a sensor due to straw accumulation is significantly higher than that in other areas).

[0078] Uniformity index

[0079]

[0080] Calibration value (such as the theoretical minimum variance when the pressures of all sensors are the same under full load).

[0081] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the evaluation coefficient is:

[0082] K = αd′ + βu′

[0083] where α, β: weighting coefficients (α + β = 1).

[0084] Furthermore, by comparing the evaluation coefficient with a preset reference threshold of the evaluation coefficient, it is determined whether the straw is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 2, and the specific logic for controlling the working state of the flattening mechanism according to the comparison result is as follows:

[0085] If K ≥ K threshold, the flattening mechanism is started, which indicates that the straw is not evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 2, a warning signal is generated, after the control module 7 receives the warning signal, an adjustment signal is generated and transmitted to the drive motor 8 and the electromagnet 13 respectively. After the drive motor 8 and the electromagnet 13 receive the adjustment signal, the drive motor 8 and the electromagnet 13 perform adjustment work, so that the stirring frame 10 rotates at a set speed and moves at a speed v = v base ·(K - 0.5), where v base is the base speed;

[0086] If K < K threshold, the flattening mechanism is closed, which indicates that the straw is already evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 2, a normal signal is generated, after the control module 7 receives the normal signal, a closing signal is generated and transmitted to the drive motor 8 and the electromagnet 13 respectively. After the drive motor 8 and the electromagnet 13 receive the closing signal, the drive motor 8 and the electromagnet 13 remain closed.

[0087] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing, comprising a box (1), characterized in that: A material discharge port (3) is provided on one side of the box body (1), a belt conveyor mechanism is provided inside the box body (1), a material feed port (4) is provided on the top of the box body (1), a slag discharge port (24) is provided on the bottom of the box body (1), a uniformity collection module (5) and a material thickness collection module (6) are provided above the conveyor belt (2) of the belt conveyor mechanism, a control module (7) is fixed on the back of the box body (1), and a vibration mechanism, a flattening mechanism and an ash extraction mechanism are also provided on the box body (1); The uniformity acquisition module (5) detects the uniformity of the straw spread in real time, and the material thickness acquisition module (6) detects the stacking thickness of the straw in real time; The control module (7) receives the data collected by the uniformity collection module (5) and the material thickness collection module (6) and generates an evaluation coefficient, compares it with a preset reference threshold, and controls the working state of the flattening mechanism according to the comparison result.

2. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uniformity acquisition module (5) is fixed on the top inner wall of the box body (1), and the material thickness acquisition module (6) is fixed on one side inner wall of the box body (1).

3. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt conveying mechanism comprises a pair of conveying rollers (16) rotatably connected to a box body (1), the ends of the two conveying rollers (16) are respectively fixedly sleeved with pulleys (17), the two pulleys (17) are connected via a belt (18), a first motor (19) is fixed on the back of the box body (1), and the output shaft of the first motor (19) is fixedly connected to the end of one of the conveying rollers (16).

4. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism comprises a camshaft (21) located in the middle of the conveyor belt (2), the camshaft (21) being rotatably connected to the housing (1), a second motor (20) being fixed to the back of the housing (1), and an output shaft of the second motor (20) being fixedly connected to an end of the camshaft (21).

5. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flattening mechanism comprises an inner shaft (9) located above the conveyor belt (2) and rotatably connected to the box body (1); a stirring frame (10) is sleeved on the inner shaft (9) and can move along the axial direction of the inner shaft (9); a driving motor (8) is fixed on the back of the box body (1); the output shaft of the driving motor (8) is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shaft (9); a pair of electromagnets (13) symmetrically distributed about the inner shaft (9) are fixed on the inner wall of one side of the box body (1); a stirring rod (11) of the stirring frame (10) close to the electromagnet (13) is embedded with a magnetic strip (12); a sliding strip (14) is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the inner shaft (9); a sliding groove (15) is opened on the circumferential inner wall of the stirring frame (10); a sliding fit is formed between the sliding groove (15) and the sliding strip (14).

6. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust extraction mechanism comprises a fan (22) fixed on the top of the box body (1), the air inlet end of the fan (22) is connected to a wind cover (23), and the bottom end of the wind cover (23) extends into the interior of the box body (1).

7. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the thickness normalization value is: Among them, d max is the maximum allowable thickness.

8. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the uniformity standardization value is: Here, u is calculated by image analysis (grayscale variance method) or pressure distribution variance.

9. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the evaluation coefficient is: K=αd′+βu′ Wherein α, β: weight coefficients (α+β=1).

10. The automatic conveying device for straw processing and crushing according to claim 9, characterized in that: By comparing the evaluation coefficient with a preset reference threshold of the evaluation coefficient, it is determined whether the straw is evenly distributed on the conveyor belt (2), and the specific logic for controlling the working state of the flattening mechanism according to the comparison result is as follows: If K ≥ K threshold, start the flattening mechanism at speed v = v base (K-0.5) movement, where v base is the base speed; If K < K threshold, the flattening mechanism is turned off.

Images