A high-performance, high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloy and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-performance, high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloy and its preparation method. This heat-resistant, high-strength aluminum alloy is based on an Al-Mg-Mn-Cu-Sr alloy with appropriate microalloying elements. It exhibits excellent mechanical properties at room temperature, 250°C, and 300°C, and the resulting aluminum alloy products are free of pores and microcracks. This alloy can meet the requirements for high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloys in a variety of fields, including aerospace, transportation, oil exploration, high-voltage power transmission, and nuclear fuel storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-performance, high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the continuous development of the economy and society has placed higher demands on the heat resistance of aluminum alloys. For example, during flight, the friction between the surface of an ordinary aircraft and the atmosphere can generate temperatures exceeding 160°C, with local temperatures even reaching 200°C. Furthermore, the heat resistance of aluminum alloys is also being further enhanced in a variety of fields, including transportation, oil exploration, high-voltage power transmission, and nuclear fuel storage.

[0003] Heat-resistant aluminum alloys are aluminum alloys that exhibit adequate oxidation resistance and good mechanical properties at temperatures between 150°C and 350°C, as well as good creep resistance under prolonged exposure to certain temperatures and loads. Heat-resistant aluminum alloys are widely used in my country and can be categorized by processing method as cast, deformed, and powder metallurgy. Components, such as cast heat-resistant alloys, are primarily used in internal combustion engines, automotive engine blocks, and aircraft engines. With the increasing demand for high power density and fuel economy in power systems, the upper temperature limit for heat-resistant aluminum alloys in certain components has increased from the traditional 250°C to over 300°C to 400°C. Therefore, research on high-performance, high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloys is of vital importance.

[0004] CN119351833A uses 3.12-5.34% nickel, 4.24-6.76% molybdenum, 6.54-8.12% cobalt, 10.45-14.49% silicon, 5.65-8.45% functional additives, 1.25-2.45% cerium oxide, 3.46-7.42% yttrium oxide, 3.45-7.58% lanthanum oxide, and the balance aluminum. The alloy composition used has high Ni, Mo, and Co content, and also contains more rare earth elements, resulting in high production costs.

[0005] CN119265458A uses Cu 3.5wt%, Si 8.8wt%, Zn 0.65%, Mn 0.10wt%, Mg 0.48wt%, Fe 0.19wt%, Sr 0.023wt%, Mo 0.128%, W 0.085wt%, V 0.052wt%, and the remainder is Al and impurities, of which the total impurity content is not more than 0.25wt%, (2.0Zn+1.5Mg+0.5Cu) is 3.77, the ratio of 10(Mo-W) / Si element mass fraction is 0.049, and the ratio of Fe / V element mass fraction is 3.65. Standard specimens were prepared and tested, and their room-temperature mechanical properties were as follows: tensile strength 476 MPa, yield strength 397 MPa, elongation 2.6%, and hardness 147 HB. High-temperature mechanical properties (250°C) were as follows: tensile strength 285 MPa, yield strength 235 MPa, elongation 5.2%, and hardness 94 HB. While the raw materials used are relatively inexpensive, their high-temperature mechanical properties may not be suitable for use above 250°C or 300°C.

[0006] Traditional heat-resistant aluminum alloys, such as 2XXX series alloys and Al-Fe series alloys, have a heat resistance temperature of less than 300°C. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a suitable high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy and its preparation method for more demanding high-temperature resistant application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the inability of current similar aluminum alloys to meet the demands of additive manufacturing technology and to overcome the insufficient mechanical properties of aluminum alloys at high temperatures, the present invention provides a high-performance, high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloy and its preparation method. This heat-resistant, high-strength aluminum alloy is based on an Al-Mg-Mn-Cu-Sr alloy with appropriate additions of microalloying elements such as Be and the rare earth element Ce. This alloy exhibits excellent mechanical properties (such as tensile strength and yield strength) and ductility at room temperature, 250°C, and 300°C. Furthermore, the aluminum alloy products are free of pores and microcracks. This alloy can meet the requirements for high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloys in a variety of fields, including aerospace, transportation, oil exploration, high-voltage power transmission, and nuclear fuel storage.

[0008] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy, wherein the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is, in terms of mass percentage, as follows: Mg: 6.1-7%, Mn: 2.1-2.5%, Cu: 1.7-1.9%, Sr: 0.4-0.5%, Be: 0.05-0.10%, rare earth Ce: 0.01-0.03%, Fe≤0.05wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.015wt%, O≤0.05wt%, N≤0.02wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance is aluminum.

[0010] Furthermore, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy, wherein:

[0011] After batching, smelting, atomization powder making, molding, heat treatment and surface treatment,

[0012] At room temperature: the yield strength of aluminum alloy is 520-560MPa, the tensile strength is 580-640MPa, and the elongation is greater than 10%;

[0013] At 250℃: the yield strength of aluminum alloy is 260-300MPa, the tensile strength is 330-380MPa, and the elongation is greater than 16%;

[0014] At 300℃: the yield strength of aluminum alloy is 220-250MPa, the tensile strength is 300-330MPa, and the elongation is greater than 18%;

[0015] Furthermore, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy, wherein:

[0016] The high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material comprises, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.3-6.7%, Mn: 2.2-2.4%, Cu: 1.75-1.85%, Sr: 0.45-0.5%, Be: 0.07-0.09%, rare earth Ce: 0.015-0.025%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0017] Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is composed of, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.1%, Mn: 2.5%, Cu: 1.9%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.05%, rare earth Ce: 0.01%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0018] Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is composed of, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.3%, Mn: 2.4%, Cu: 1.8%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.07%, rare earth Ce: 0.015%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0019] Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is composed of, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.5%, Mn: 2.3%, Cu: 1.8%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.08%, rare earth Ce: 0.02%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0020] Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is composed of, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.7%, Mn: 2.2%, Cu: 1.7%, Sr: 0.5%, Be: 0.085%, rare earth Ce: 0.02%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0021] Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is composed of, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.9%, Mn: 2.15%, Cu: 1.75%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.09%, rare earth Ce: 0.025%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0022] Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is composed of, by mass percentage, Mg: 7%, Mn: 2.1%, Cu: 1.85%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.1%, rare earth Ce: 0.03%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0023] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) Batching: Weigh high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0025] (2) Melting: Preheat and dry the prepared alloy raw materials, and then melt them to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0026] (3) Atomization powder making: Control the melting temperature, input the aluminum alloy liquid into the tundish, and prepare the aluminum alloy powder by atomization method;

[0027] (4) Molding: The aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0028] (5) Heat treatment: heat treatment of the aluminum alloy products after forming;

[0029] (6) Surface treatment: Surface treatment of aluminum alloy products after heat treatment.

[0030] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0032] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0033] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0035] The aluminum ingot is heated and melted at 720-730° C., and the temperature is gradually increased to 730-780° C. at a heating rate of 5-10° C. / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added, and the mixture is stirred and melted to form an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 720-760° C. for 15-20 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 20-30 minutes. Through this process, the aluminum alloy melt is degassed, deslagging, and purified.

[0036] Further preferably, step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid; heating and melting the aluminum ingot at 720-730°C, and gradually heating it to 750-760°C at a heating rate of 7-8°C / min; refining the aluminum alloy liquid with nitrogen and refining agent, the refining temperature is 730-750°C, the time is 15-20min, and after refining, it is allowed to stand for 20-30min, through which the aluminum alloy melt is degassed, deslagging and purified.

[0037] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0039] The atomization temperature is 850℃~900℃, the atomization pressure is 3.3MPa~3.8MPa, the atomization speed is 10~14Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10~50μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0040] Further preferably, step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, inputting the aluminum alloy liquid into the tundish, and preparing the aluminum alloy powder by atomization; the atomization temperature is 870℃~880℃, the atomization pressure is 3.5MPa~3.7MPa, the atomization speed is 12~13Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 20~40μm, D 50 25~30μm.

[0041] It should be noted that the atomization process parameters determine the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder, which in turn influences melting during the subsequent molding process, product density, and grain size. Specifically, if the atomization temperature is too low, the aluminum alloy will partially solidify or undercool, affecting atomization and uniformity. If the atomization temperature is too high, it will overheat and burn the aluminum alloy, affecting its microstructure and properties. Therefore, the atomization temperature should be 870°C to 880°C. If the atomization pressure is too low, the aluminum alloy droplets will be too large or irregular, affecting their flight and cooling process. If the atomization pressure is too high, the aluminum alloy droplets will be too small or overly dispersed, affecting deposition and molding. Therefore, the atomization pressure should be 3.5MPa to 3.7MPa. If the atomization speed is too low, hollow powder will be produced. If the atomization speed is too high, the particle size and morphology will be affected. The sphericity of the produced aluminum alloy powder should be greater than or equal to 95%, and the hollow powder ratio should be less than 0.1%. It helps to improve the density and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy parts, reduce the probability of defects such as pores and cracks inside additively manufactured metal parts, and improve the performance and life of the parts.

[0042] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0044] The aluminum alloy material is powdered to form a powder layer. Under the protection of inert gas, the powder layer is scanned by aurora with a laser power of 400-500W, a scanning speed of 800-1000mm / s, a layer spacing of 80-100μm, and a layer thickness of 40-50μm for additive manufacturing.

[0045] Further preferably, step (4) forming: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and forming; spreading the aluminum alloy material to form a powder layer, and performing aurora scanning on the powder layer under the protection of inert gas, with a laser power of 450 to 500 W, a scanning speed of 800 to 850 mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 90 to 100 μm, and a layer thickness of 40 to 50 μm, to perform additive manufacturing;

[0046] It should be noted that the laser energy density has a significant impact on the forming quality. When the laser energy density is lower than 100J / mm 3 When the laser energy density is higher than 170J / mm, the surface of the aluminum alloy becomes rough. This may be due to the fact that the energy density is relatively low and part of the aluminum alloy powder material has not been completely melted, which leads to the increase of the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy. On the contrary, when the laser energy density is higher than 170J / mm 3When the aluminum alloy powder is overheated, the temperature rises and falls too quickly, and the heat in the aluminum alloy product cannot be released in time, resulting in thermal stress, causing the surface of the aluminum alloy to be distorted, and some even cracks. Therefore, it is necessary to control the relevant parameters so that the laser energy density is controlled at 110-170J / mm3, and it is further preferred to control the laser energy density at 120-150J / mm 3 .

[0047] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0049] First, solution treatment is carried out at 500-520℃ for 2-3h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130-150℃ for 18-24h low-temperature aging treatment, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 180-250℃ for 1-8h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in the air.

[0050] Further preferably, step (5) heat treatment: heat treatment of the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0051] First, solution treatment is carried out at 500-520℃ for 2-3h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130-150℃ for 20-22h low-temperature aging treatment, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 220-240℃ for 3-5h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in the air.

[0052] Furthermore, the method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant and high-strength aluminum alloy material includes 6.1%, 6.3%, 6.5%, 6.7%, 6.9%, and 7% of Mg.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant and high-strength aluminum alloy material includes 2.1%, 2.15%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, and 2.5% of Mn.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant and high-strength aluminum alloy material includes 1.7%, 1.75%, 1.8%, 1.85%, and 1.9% Cu.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy material includes 0.4%, 0.45%, and 0.5% Sr.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant and high-strength aluminum alloy material includes 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.085%, 0.09%, and 0.1% Be.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat-resistant and high-strength aluminum alloy material includes 0.01%, 0.015%, 0.02%, 0.025%, and 0.03% of rare earth Ce.

[0060] The role of alloy elements in the present invention and the basis for setting:

[0061] (1)Mg

[0062] Al-Mg alloys have a high solid solubility of Mg in aluminum alloys, which can improve the strength of the aluminum alloy through solid solution strengthening without reducing the alloy's plasticity. Al-Mg alloys have excellent solid solution strengthening, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance. Mg is the main element besides Al, forming a β phase, which plays a strengthening role. In addition, by adding Cu to Al-Mg alloys, allowing Mg and Cu to coexist, a certain amount of Al2Cu and Al2CuMg can be precipitated, which improves strength through precipitation strengthening. Therefore, the Mg content is controlled between 6.1 and 7.0%, and preferably, the Mg content is controlled between 6.3 and 6.7%.

[0063] (2)Mn

[0064] Mn has a high solid solubility in aluminum alloys. The present invention also introduces a large amount of Mn elements into the alloy system. Through solid solution strengthening, not only can the strength of the aluminum alloy be improved, but Al can also form Al6Mn compound dispersed particles and distribute them on the grain boundaries, which has a pinning effect, hindering recrystallization, increasing the recrystallization temperature of the aluminum alloy, and inhibiting the grain growth of the aluminum alloy, which is beneficial to the simultaneous improvement of the room temperature performance and high temperature performance of the alloy. Research has found that if combined with the rapid cooling process in the additive manufacturing process, a certain amount of Mn element can also be dissolved into the alloy matrix, which is beneficial to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the alloy. It should be noted that the Mn content should not be too high, otherwise it is easy to form coarse Al6Mn compounds, causing segregation, deteriorating the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy, and reducing the alloy's formability. Therefore, the Mn content is controlled at 2.1-2.5%, and preferably, the Mn content is controlled at 2.2-2.4%.

[0065] (3)Cu

[0066] Cu has a large solid solubility in aluminum alloys. Cu and Mg are solid-dissolved in the Al parent phase, which has the effect of improving mechanical strength through solid solution strengthening. When Cu is added to Al-Mg alloys, Mg and Cu coexist, a certain amount of Al2Cu and Al2CuMg can be precipitated, and the strength can be improved by precipitation strengthening. It can also increase the bonding force between aluminum atoms, slow down the diffusion process of atoms and the decomposition rate of solid solution, and improve the thermal stability of aluminum alloys at high temperatures. When the Cu content is too high, it is easy to cause thermal crack sensitivity of aluminum alloys, and it will also have an adverse effect on the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. Therefore, the Cu content is controlled at 1.7~1.9%, and preferably, the Cu content is controlled at 1.75~1.85%.

[0067] (4) Sr

[0068] In aluminum alloys, Sr microalloying can significantly improve the plasticity and toughness of the alloy without reducing the casting properties of the alloy. The Sr element helps to purify the alloy melt, remove impurities, and dissolve the coarse second phase of the alloy during solid solution, hindering recrystallization and grain growth; the enhanced solid solution treatment significantly reduces the coarse second phase in the alloy and reduces corrosion sensitivity. Since the Mg content in this system is relatively high, adding a certain amount of Sr element can reduce the segregation of Mg element and improve the uniformity of the internal composition of the alloy. Moreover, the Sr element has a significant improvement effect on the heat resistance of aluminum alloys, mainly due to the formation of Al4Sr phase and Al-Mg-Sr phase, resulting in improved high-temperature heat resistance of the alloy. Therefore, the Sr content is controlled at 0.4-0.5%, and preferably, the Sr content is controlled at 0.45-0.5%.

[0069] (5)Be

[0070] The introduction of trace amounts of Be into this system can increase the number of precipitated phases, reduce their size, and accelerate age hardening. This is likely due to Be's close-packed hexagonal structure and low solubility in aluminum. Furthermore, based on high-temperature environments above 250°C, atomized powder production, and additive manufacturing process design, Be can reduce high-temperature oxidation of the alloy and effectively reduce the formation of oxide films on the alloy powder surface. Furthermore, combined with the high-purity argon environment used in additive manufacturing, it can effectively inhibit deep oxidation of the alloy powder surface, reducing the generation of oxide inclusions, pores, and bubbles during additive manufacturing. Therefore, the Be content is controlled between 0.05% and 0.10%, and preferably between 0.07% and 0.09%.

[0071] (6) Rare earth Ce

[0072] Adding the rare earth element Ce refines grains, inhibits recrystallization, and increases strength. Combined with heat treatment, this purifies the alloy matrix, refines the grain structure, reduces secondary dendrites, and improves grain boundary structure, thereby simultaneously improving the alloy's strength and heat resistance. However, when rare earth elements are excessively present, the grain boundary density increases excessively. Excessive rare earth elements increase the matrix solid solubility, reducing the alloy's thermal conductivity and negatively impacting the aluminum alloy's high-temperature resistance. Therefore, the rare earth Ce content is controlled between 0.01% and 0.03%, and preferably, the Be content is controlled between 0.015% and 0.025%.

[0073] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0074] The present invention provides a high-performance, high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloy and its preparation method. The aluminum alloy is based on an Al-Mg-Mn-Cu alloy with appropriate microalloying elements added. The alloy is prepared through batching, smelting, atomization, forming, heat treatment, and surface treatment. The aluminum alloy is suitable for additive manufacturing. At room temperature, the aluminum alloy has a yield strength of 520-560 MPa, a tensile strength of 580-640 MPa, and an elongation greater than 10%. At 250°C, the aluminum alloy has a yield strength of 260-300 MPa, a tensile strength of 330-380 MPa, and an elongation greater than 16%. At 300°C, the aluminum alloy has a yield strength of 220-250 MPa, a tensile strength of 300-330 MPa, and an elongation greater than 18%. This aluminum alloy can meet the requirements for high-temperature-resistant aluminum alloys in a variety of fields, including aerospace, transportation, oil exploration, high-voltage power transmission, and nuclear fuel storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Figure 1 is the size of the aluminum alloy powder after atomization pulverization in Example 3;

[0076] Figure 2 is the surface roughness after the molding process is changed in Comparative Example 7;

[0077] Figure 3 This is the surface crack after the molding process was changed in Comparative Example 8; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are merely illustrative and explanations of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention are encompassed within the scope of protection that the present invention is intended to protect.

[0079] Unless otherwise specified, the methods / devices used in the following examples are conventional methods / devices; the raw materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.1%, Mn: 2.5%, Cu: 1.9%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.05%, rare earth Ce: 0.01%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; the method comprising the following steps:

[0082] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0083] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0084] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0085] The aluminum ingot is heated to melt at 720°C and gradually heated to 730°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added and stirred to melt into an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 720°C for 20 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 20 minutes to degas, remove slag, and purify the aluminum alloy melt.

[0086] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0087] The atomization temperature is 870°C, the atomization pressure is 3.3 MPa, the atomization speed is 10 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10 and 50 μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0088] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0089] The aluminum alloy material was powdered to form a powder layer. Under inert gas protection, the powder layer was scanned with an Aurora laser at a laser power of 400W, a scanning speed of 1000mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 90μm, and a layer thickness of 40μm for additive manufacturing. (The molding accuracy reached ±0.05mm, the surface roughness Ra was less than 10μm, the density was greater than 99%, and the sample microstructure had no obvious microcracks.)

[0090] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0091] First, solution treatment is carried out at 500℃ for 2h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130℃ for 18h and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 180℃ for 1h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in air.

[0092] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0093] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.3%, Mn: 2.4%, Cu: 1.8%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.07%, rare earth Ce: 0.015%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; the method comprising the following steps:

[0094] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0095] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0096] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0097] The aluminum ingot is heated to melt at 730°C and gradually heated to 750°C at a heating rate of 7°C / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added, and the mixture is stirred and melted into an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 730°C for 15 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 30 minutes to degas, remove slag, and purify the aluminum alloy melt.

[0098] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0099] The atomization temperature is 850°C, the atomization pressure is 3.5 MPa, the atomization speed is 12 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10 and 50 μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0100] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0101] The aluminum alloy material was powdered to form a powder layer. Under inert gas protection, the powder layer was laser scanned at a laser power of 500W, a scanning speed of 1000mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 100μm, and a layer thickness of 40μm for additive manufacturing. (The molding accuracy reached ±0.05mm, the surface roughness Ra was less than 10μm, the density was greater than 99%, and the sample microstructure had no obvious microcracks.)

[0102] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0103] First, solution treatment is carried out at 510℃ for 2.5h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 140℃ for 20h, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 220℃ for 3h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in air.

[0104] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.5%, Mn: 2.3%, Cu: 1.8%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.08%, rare earth Ce: 0.02%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; the method comprising the following steps:

[0107] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0108] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0109] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0110] The aluminum ingot is heated to melt at 730°C and gradually heated to 760°C at a heating rate of 8°C / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added, and the mixture is stirred and melted into an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 750°C for 20 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 30 minutes. Through this process, the aluminum alloy melt is degassed, deslagging, and purified.

[0111] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0112] The atomization temperature is 870°C, the atomization pressure is 3.7 MPa, the atomization speed is 13 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10 and 50 μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0113] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0114] The aluminum alloy material was powdered to form a powder layer. Under inert gas protection, the powder layer was laser scanned at a laser power of 400W, a scanning speed of 800mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 100μm, and a layer thickness of 40μm for additive manufacturing. (The molding accuracy reached ±0.05mm, the surface roughness Ra was less than 8μm, the density was greater than 99.5%, and the sample microstructure had no obvious microcracks.)

[0115] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0116] First, solution treatment is carried out at 500 ° C for 3 hours, followed by water quenching at room temperature, with a quenching transfer time of no more than 10 seconds. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130 ° C for 22 hours, followed by high-temperature aging at 240 ° C for 5 hours, and then naturally cooling in the air after aging treatment.

[0117] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.7%, Mn: 2.2%, Cu: 1.7%, Sr: 0.5%, Be: 0.085%, rare earth Ce: 0.02%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; the method comprising the following steps:

[0120] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0121] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0122] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0123] The aluminum ingot is heated to melt at 725°C and gradually heated to 750°C at a heating rate of 7°C / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added and stirred to melt into an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 730°C for 20 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 20 minutes. Through this process, the aluminum alloy melt is degassed, deslagging, and purified.

[0124] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0125] The atomization temperature is 880°C, the atomization pressure is 3.5 MPa, the atomization speed is 12 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10 and 50 μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0126] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0127] The aluminum alloy material was powdered to form a powder layer. Under inert gas protection, the powder layer was laser scanned with a laser power of 450W, a scanning speed of 850mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 90μm, and a layer thickness of 45μm for additive manufacturing. (The molding accuracy reached ±0.05mm, the surface roughness Ra was less than 8μm, the density was greater than 99.5%, and the sample microstructure had no obvious microcracks.)

[0128] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0129] First, solution treatment is carried out at 510℃ for 2.5h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 140℃ for 20h, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 220℃ for 3h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in air.

[0130] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0131] Example 5

[0132] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.9%, Mn: 2.15%, Cu: 1.75%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.09%, rare earth Ce: 0.025%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; the method comprising the following steps:

[0133] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0134] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0135] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0136] The aluminum ingot is heated to melt at 730°C and gradually heated to 780°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added and stirred to melt into an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 760°C for 15 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 20 minutes to degas, remove slag, and purify the aluminum alloy melt.

[0137] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0138] The atomization temperature is 870°C, the atomization pressure is 3.8 MPa, the atomization speed is 14 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10 and 50 μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0139] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0140] The aluminum alloy material was powdered to form a powder layer. Under inert gas protection, the powder layer was laser scanned at a laser power of 400W, a scanning speed of 800mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 80μm, and a layer thickness of 50μm for additive manufacturing. (The molding accuracy reached ±0.05mm, the surface roughness Ra was less than 10μm, the density was greater than 99%, and the sample microstructure had no obvious microcracks.)

[0141] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0142] First, solution treatment is carried out at 520℃ for 3h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 150℃ for 24h, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 240℃ for 7h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in air.

[0143] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0144] Example 6

[0145] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 7%, Mn: 2.1%, Cu: 1.85%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.1%, rare earth Ce: 0.03%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; the method comprising the following steps:

[0146] Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product;

[0147] The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

[0148] Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;

[0149] The aluminum ingot is heated to melt at 725°C and gradually heated to 760°C at a heating rate of 8°C / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added and stirred to melt into an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 750°C for 20 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 20 minutes to degas, remove slag, and purify the aluminum alloy melt.

[0150] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0151] The atomization temperature is 900°C, the atomization pressure is 3.7 MPa, the atomization speed is 13 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10 and 50 μm, D 50 20~35μm.

[0152] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0153] The aluminum alloy material was powdered to form a powder layer. Under inert gas protection, the powder layer was laser scanned with a laser power of 500W, a scanning speed of 1000mm / s, an interlayer spacing of 80μm, and a layer thickness of 40μm for additive manufacturing. (The molding accuracy reached ±0.05mm, the surface roughness Ra was less than 10μm, the density was greater than 99%, and the sample microstructure had no obvious microcracks.)

[0154] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0155] First, solution treatment is carried out at 510℃ for 2h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130℃ for 20h, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 250℃ for 8h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in air.

[0156] Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment, including surface cleaning, surface grinding, and surface sandblasting.

[0157] Comparative Example 1

[0158] Compared with Example 1, only the Mg and Mn contents were reduced. The relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0159] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6%, Mn: 2%, Cu: 1.9%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.05%, rare earth Ce: 0.01%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0160] Comparative Example 2

[0161] Compared with Example 1, only the Mg and Mn contents were increased. The relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0162] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 7.1%, Mn: 2.6%, Cu: 1.9%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.05%, rare earth Ce: 0.01%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0163] This may be because when the Mg and Mn contents are too high, coarse Al6Mn compounds are formed, causing segregation, and the precipitated phase begins to crack, which deteriorates the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy and reduces the alloy's forming performance.

[0164] Comparative Example 3

[0165] Compared with Example 2, only the Cu and Sr contents were reduced. The relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0166] A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material, comprising, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.3%, Mn: 2.4%, Cu: 1.6%, Sr: 0.2%, Be: 0.07%, rare earth Ce: 0.015%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum;

[0167] Comparative Example 4

[0168] Compared with Example 3, which does not contain Be, the relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0169] Comparative Example 5

[0170] Compared with Example 3, no rare earth Ce is contained. The relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0171] Comparative Example 6

[0172] Compared with Example 3, only the atomization process of step (3) is changed. The relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0173] Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization;

[0174] The atomization temperature is 840°C, the atomization pressure is 3.2 MPa, the atomization speed is 9.5 Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 40 and 70 μm, D 50 The sphericity of the Al alloy powder is less than 90%, and the hollow powder ratio is higher than 0.2%.

[0175] Comparative Example 7

[0176] Compared with Example 4, the molding process in step (4) was changed, and the relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0177] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0178] The aluminum alloy material is powdered to form a powder layer. Under the protection of inert gas, the powder layer is laser scanned with a laser power of 350W, a scanning speed of 600mm / s, a layer spacing of 120μm, and a layer thickness of 50μm for additive manufacturing. At this time, the laser energy density is 97.2J / mm 3 When the aluminum alloy surface is rough, the forming accuracy reaches ±0.2mm, the surface roughness Ra is greater than 15μm, and the density is greater than 95%;

[0179] Comparative Example 8

[0180] Compared with Example 4, the molding process in step (4) was changed, and the relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0181] Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding;

[0182] The aluminum alloy material is powdered to form a powder layer. Under the protection of inert gas, the powder layer is laser scanned with a laser power of 500W, a scanning speed of 1100mm / s, a layer spacing of 50μm, and a layer thickness of 50μm for additive manufacturing.

[0183] At this time, the laser energy density is 181.8J / mm 3 When , the sample microstructure has microcracks with a width greater than 2 μm;

[0184] Comparative Example 9

[0185] Compared with Example 4, the heat treatment process in step (5) was changed, and the relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0186] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0187] First, solution treatment is carried out at 460 ° C for 15 hours, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10 seconds. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130 ° C for 5 hours, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 180 ° C for 5 hours. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in the air.

[0188] Comparative Example 10

[0189] Compared with Example 4, the heat treatment process in step (5) was changed, and the relevant performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0190] Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process;

[0191] First, solution treatment is carried out at 520℃ for 3h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then single-stage aging is carried out at 250℃ for 8h high temperature aging, and natural cooling is carried out in air after aging treatment.

[0192] The room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties of the additively manufactured aluminum alloy products of the examples and comparative examples were tested. GB / T 228.1 "Tension testing of metallic materials - Part 1: Room temperature test methods" and GB / T 4338 "Elevated temperature tensile test methods for metallic materials" were used to test the mechanical properties of the additively manufactured aluminum alloy products. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0193] Table 1 Performance test results of heat-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy materials of the embodiment and comparative example

[0194]

[0195]

[0196]

[0197] The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy, wherein: The high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is calculated in percentage by mass as follows: Mg: 6.1-7%, Mn: 2.1-2.5%, Cu: 1.7-1.9%, Sr: 0.4-0.5%, Be: 0.05-0.10%, rare earth Ce: 0.01-0.03%, Fe≤0.05wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.015wt%, O≤0.05wt%, N≤0.02wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance is aluminum.

2. The high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein: After batching, smelting, atomization powder making, molding, heat treatment and surface treatment, At room temperature: the yield strength of aluminum alloy is 520-560MPa, the tensile strength is 580-640MPa, and the elongation is greater than 10%; At 250℃: the yield strength of aluminum alloy is 260-300MPa, the tensile strength is 330-380MPa, and the elongation is greater than 16%; At a high temperature of 300°C: the yield strength of the aluminum alloy is 220-250 MPa, the tensile strength is 300-330 MPa, and the elongation is greater than 18%.

3. The high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material comprises, by mass percentage, Mg: 6.3-6.7%, Mn: 2.2-2.4%, Cu: 1.75-1.85%, Sr: 0.45-0.5%, Be: 0.07-0.09%, rare earth Ce: 0.015-0.025%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance being aluminum; Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is represented by mass percentage as follows: Mg: 6.1%, Mn: 2.5%, Cu: 1.9%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.05%, rare earth Ce: 0.01%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, the balance is aluminum; Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is represented by mass percentage as follows: Mg: 6.3%, Mn: 2.4%, Cu: 1.8%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.07%, rare earth Ce: 0.015%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, the balance is aluminum; Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is represented by mass percentage as follows: Mg: 6.5%, Mn: 2.3%, Cu: 1.8%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.08%, rare earth Ce: 0.02%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, the balance is aluminum; Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is represented by mass percentage as follows: Mg: 6.7%, Mn: 2.2%, Cu: 1.7%, Sr: 0.5%, Be: 0.085%, rare earth Ce: 0.02%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, the balance is aluminum; Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is represented by mass percentage as follows: Mg: 6.9%, Mn: 2.15%, Cu: 1.75%, Sr: 0.45%, Be: 0.09%, rare earth Ce: 0.025%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, the balance is aluminum; Alternatively, the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy material is represented by mass percentage as follows: Mg: 7%, Mn: 2.1%, Cu: 1.85%, Sr: 0.4%, Be: 0.1%, rare earth Ce: 0.03%, Fe≤0.03wt%, C≤0.01wt%, H≤0.01wt%, O≤0.03wt%, N≤0.01wt%, impurity elements≤0.2%, and the balance is aluminum.

4. A method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: (1) Batching: Weigh high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product; (2) Melting: Preheat and dry the prepared alloy raw materials, and then melt them to obtain aluminum alloy liquid; (3) Atomization powder making: Control the melting temperature, input the aluminum alloy liquid into the tundish, and prepare the aluminum alloy powder by atomization method; (4) Molding: The aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding; (5) Heat treatment: heat treatment of the aluminum alloy products after forming; (6) Surface treatment: Surface treatment of aluminum alloy products after heat treatment.

5. The method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: Step (1) batching: weighing high-purity alloy raw materials based on the weight percentage of the target aluminum alloy product; The raw materials include aluminum ingots with an aluminum content of ≥99.7%, magnesium ingots with a magnesium content of ≥99.7%, AlMn10 master alloy, AlCu50A master alloy, AlSr10 master alloy, AlBe3 master alloy, and AlCe10 master alloy.

6. The method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 5, comprising the following steps: Step (2) smelting: preheating and drying the prepared alloy raw materials, and then smelting to obtain aluminum alloy liquid; The aluminum ingot is heated and melted at 720-730° C., and the temperature is gradually increased to 730-780° C. at a heating rate of 5-10° C. / min. During the heating process, a magnesium ingot, an AlMn10 master alloy, an AlCu50A master alloy, an AlSr10 master alloy, an AlBe3 master alloy, and an AlCe10 master alloy are added, and the mixture is stirred and melted to form an aluminum alloy liquid. The aluminum alloy liquid is refined with nitrogen and a refining agent at a refining temperature of 720-760° C. for 15-20 minutes. After refining, the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 20-30 minutes. Through this process, the aluminum alloy melt is degassed, deslagging, and purified.

7. The method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 6, comprising the following steps: Step (3) atomization powdering: controlling the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid, feeding the aluminum alloy liquid into a tundish, and preparing aluminum alloy powder by atomization; The atomization temperature is 850℃~900℃, the atomization pressure is 3.3MPa~3.8MPa, the atomization speed is 10~14Kg / min, and the atomization gas is high-purity argon; the particle size distribution of the aluminum alloy powder prepared by the atomization method is between 10~50μm, D 50 20~35μm.

8. The method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step (4) molding: placing the aluminum alloy powder prepared by atomization into a vacuum drying oven for drying and molding; The aluminum alloy material is powdered to form a powder layer. Under the protection of inert gas, the powder layer is scanned with aurora. The laser power is 400-500W, the scanning speed is 800-1000mm / s, the layer spacing is 80-100μm, and the layer thickness is 40-50μm for additive manufacturing.

9. The method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step (5) heat treatment: heat treating the aluminum alloy product after the forming process; First, solution treatment is carried out at 500-520℃ for 2-3h, then water quenching is carried out at room temperature, and the quenching transfer time does not exceed 10s. Then, double-stage aging is carried out at 130-150℃ for 18-24h low-temperature aging treatment, and then high-temperature aging is carried out at 180-250℃ for 1-8h. After aging treatment, it is naturally cooled in the air.

10. The method for preparing the high-performance, high-temperature resistant aluminum alloy according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step (6) surface treatment: performing surface treatment on the aluminum alloy product after heat treatment; Including surface cleaning, surface grinding and surface sand blasting.

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