Air carbon capture adsorption tower system and process

Abstract

The invention relates to an air carbon capture adsorption tower system and process, the air carbon capture adsorption tower system comprises an adsorption pipeline, a feeding pipeline, a desorption pipeline and a return pipeline which are sequentially communicated end to end, a vacuum buffer tank is arranged on the feeding pipeline, a cooling buffer tank is arranged on the return pipeline, and the adsorption pipeline and the desorption pipeline are connected by controlling opening and closing of the vacuum buffer tank and the cooling buffer tank. The vacuum buffer tank and the cooling buffer tank are combined to vacuumize, so that the solid adsorbent can extract the following gas when passing through the vacuum buffer tank and the cooling buffer tank, thereby realizing material circulation and gas isolation effects between the adsorption pipeline and the material return pipeline, preventing miscellaneous gas in the adsorption pipeline from entering the desorption pipeline, and improving the adsorption efficiency. According to the fluidized bed, the problems of product gas dilution and serious loss of a gas heating medium caused by gas interaction between an adsorption tower and a desorption tower in the existing fluidized bed technology can be effectively solved, the purity of the product gas is improved, and the loss of the heating medium is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas adsorption separation, and particularly relates to an air carbon capture adsorption tower system and process. Background Art

[0002] Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas. Due to the combustion of fossil fuels, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased sharply in the past century, and global warming is having a devastating impact on our climate, health, and communities. In recent years, people have begun to study the direct air capture (DAC) technology for capturing carbon dioxide from ambient air.

[0003] DAC generally uses a solid adsorbent bed to directly capture CO2 in the air. The solid adsorbent can adsorb CO2 in the air at normal temperature and pressure, and can be regenerated and release the captured CO2 by using the low temperature (80 - 100 °C) provided by industrial waste heat or solar heat, etc.

[0004] In the prior art, such as the invention patent with the patent number CN117358012A, a fluidized bed adsorption method direct air capture system and method are disclosed. The fluidized bed is used for adsorption and desorption, and continuous operation of the adsorption and desorption processes can be achieved; the fluidized bed has an extremely low pressure drop, and can significantly reduce the fan power consumption in the direct air capture scenario with a high gas treatment volume.

[0005] Although the fluidized bed used in the above prior art is more effective, since the desorption tower is cyclically connected to the adsorption tower through a pneumatic conveying system, gas interaction will occur between the adsorption tower and the desorption tower through the conveying pipeline in the pneumatic conveying system, which easily allows miscellaneous gas in the adsorption tower to enter the desorption tower, and the product gas flow in the desorption tower is likely to leak into the adsorption tower, affecting the airtightness of the desorption tower. On the one hand, it will dilute the product gas in the desorption tower and affect the product quality of the captured CO2.

[0006] On the other hand, due to capacity reduction and stability problems, direct steam heating has been largely avoided for other well-developed commercial adsorbents (such as zeolites). Currently, an inert gas or finished CO2 is more inclined to be used as the heating medium. However, due to the airtightness problem of the desorption tower, the loss of the gas heating medium is large, and it is difficult to implement in actual production.

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to study an air carbon capture adsorption tower system. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an air carbon capture adsorption tower system and process, which can effectively solve the problem of gas interaction between the adsorption tower and the desorption tower in the existing fluidized bed technology, and further solve the problems of serious dilution of the product gas and large loss of the gas heating medium.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An air carbon capture adsorption tower system includes a fluidized bed circulation system, an adsorption circulation system, and a desorption circulation system; The fluidized bed circulation system includes an adsorption pipeline, a feeding pipeline, a desorption pipeline, and a return pipeline that are connected end to end in sequence to form a circulating fluidized bed circulation pipeline; The feeding pipeline is arranged obliquely downward towards the desorption pipeline. The feeding pipeline includes a vacuum buffer tank. Both ends of the vacuum buffer tank are connected to the adsorption pipeline and the desorption pipeline through pipelines respectively. An input feeding valve and an output feeding valve are respectively arranged at both ends of the vacuum buffer tank. The vacuum buffer tank is connected to a first vacuum pipeline; The return pipeline is arranged obliquely downward towards the adsorption pipeline. The return pipeline includes a cooling buffer tank. Both ends of the cooling buffer tank are connected to the adsorption pipeline and the return pipeline through pipelines respectively. An input return valve and an output return valve are respectively arranged at both ends of the cooling buffer tank. The cooling buffer tank is connected to a second vacuum pipeline; The adsorption circulation system includes an air supply pipe and an exhaust pipe both communicating with the outside. The air supply pipe is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the adsorption pipeline, so that an upward air flow capable of transporting the solid adsorbent upward is formed in the adsorption pipeline; The desorption circulation system includes a gas storage tank, a heating tank, an inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a condenser, The air supply pipe is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the adsorption pipeline, so that an upward air flow that does not affect the smooth falling of the desorbent is formed in the desorption pipeline; The product gas in the gas storage tank is sequentially input into the desorption channel through the heating tank and the inlet pipe, and then returns to the gas storage tank through the exhaust pipe and the condenser.

[0010] Further, both the first vacuum pipeline and the second vacuum pipeline include an air extraction pipe communicating with the outside. An air extraction valve and a vacuum pump are arranged on the air extraction pipe.

[0011] Further, the first vacuum pipeline further includes a first pressure stabilizing pipe; one end of the first pressure stabilizing pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the connection point is located between the vacuum buffer tank and the air extraction valve. The other end of the first pressure stabilizing pipe is connected to the desorption pipeline. A first pressure stabilizing valve is arranged on the first pressure stabilizing pipe.

[0012] Further, the second vacuum pipeline further includes a return air pipe and a three-way valve. The three-way valve is respectively connected to the air extraction pipe, the return air pipe, and the outside. The other end of the return air pipe is connected to the heating pipe; by switching the connection state of the three-way valve, the extracted gas can be switched to be discharged to the outside or refluxed to the heating tank.

[0013] Further, the second vacuum pipeline further includes a second pressure stabilizing valve; one end of the second pressure stabilizing valve is connected to the air supply pipe, and the connection point is located between the cooling buffer tank and the air extraction valve. The other end of the first pressure stabilizing valve is connected to the air supply pipe, and a second pressure stabilizing valve is provided on the second pressure stabilizing pipe.

[0014] Further, the feeding pipeline further includes a first buffer tank, which is connected to the adsorption pipeline and the vacuum buffer tank and is located upstream of the feeding input valve; The return pipeline further includes a second buffer tank, which is connected to the desorption pipeline and the cooling buffer tank and is located upstream of the return input valve.

[0015] Further, a feeder is connected to the lower end of the return pipeline, the feeder is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline, and a third pressure stabilizing pipe is connected between the feeder and the air supply pipe.

[0016] Further, it further includes a heating circulation system. The heating circulation includes a cooling section, a heating section, and a heat pump connected in a cycle. The cooling section is arranged around the cooling buffer tank, and the heating section is arranged around the heating tank.

[0017] Further, a gas-solid separation chamber is provided at the top of the adsorption pipeline. The exhaust air pipe is connected to the top of the gas-solid separation chamber, and the feeding pipeline is connected to the bottom of the gas-solid separation chamber.

[0018] An air carbon capture adsorption tower process, applicable to the above-mentioned air carbon capture adsorption tower system, is characterized in that: The fluidized bed circulation system circulates the solid adsorbent through the following steps: S100: The solid adsorbent is transported upward in the adsorption pipeline by the wind force in the adsorption circulation system to the feeding pipeline, and an adsorption reaction occurs with the air in the adsorption pipeline; S200: The feeding pipeline circulates through the following steps to transport the solid adsorbent from the feeding pipeline to the desorption pipeline: S210: Feeding into the vacuum buffer tank; The input feeding valve is opened, the output feeding valve is closed, the air extraction valve is closed, and the first pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The solid adsorbent is continuously input into the vacuum buffer tank and maintained for a feeding cycle. S220: Evacuating the vacuum buffer tank; The input feeding valve is closed, the output feeding valve is closed, the air extraction valve is opened, and the first pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The vacuum pump extracts the air in the vacuum buffer tank to the outside; S230: Discharging the vacuum buffer tank; The input feeding valve is closed, the output feeding valve is opened, and the air extraction valve is closed; The first pressure stabilizing valve opens to balance the air pressure in the vacuum buffer tank and the desorption pipeline; The solid adsorbent is output to the desorption pipeline by gravity and maintains a discharge cycle; S300: The solid adsorbent is transported downward along the desorption pipeline to the return pipeline by gravity, and is heated in the desorption pipeline and undergoes a desorption reaction; S400: The return pipeline circulates the following steps to transport the solid adsorbent from the feeding pipeline to the adsorption pipeline: S410: Feed the cooling buffer tank; The input return valve opens, the output return valve closes, the air extraction valve closes, and the second pressure stabilizing valve closes; The solid adsorbent is continuously input into the cooling buffer tank and maintains a feeding cycle, and the solid adsorbent is cooled in the cooling buffer tank; S420: First evacuate the cooling buffer tank; The input return valve closes, the output return valve closes, the air extraction valve opens, the air extraction pipe is connected to the heating tank, and the second pressure stabilizing valve closes; The vacuum pump extracts the carbon dioxide gas in the cooling return tank to the heating tank; S430: Feed the cooling buffer tank; The input return valve closes, the output return valve opens, and the air extraction valve closes; The second pressure stabilizing valve opens to balance the air pressure in the cooling buffer tank and the desorption pipeline; The solid adsorbent is output to the desorption pipeline by gravity and maintains a discharge cycle; S440: Second evacuate the cooling buffer tank; The input return valve closes, the output return valve closes, the air extraction valve opens, the air extraction pipe is connected to the outside, and the second pressure stabilizing valve closes; The vacuum pump discharges the air in the cooling buffer tank to the outside.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: (1) The adsorption pipeline, feeding pipeline, desorption pipeline and return pipeline of the present invention are connected in a cycle in sequence to form a circulating fluidized bed system. A vacuum buffer tank is arranged on the feeding pipeline, and a cooling buffer tank is arranged on the return pipeline. By controlling the opening and closing of the vacuum buffer tank and the cooling buffer tank, and combining with a vacuum pipeline to evacuate the air, when the solid adsorbent passes through the vacuum buffer tank and the cooling buffer tank, the accompanying gas can be evacuated, so as to achieve the material circulation and gas isolation effect between the adsorption pipeline and the return pipeline, which can not only prevent the miscellaneous gas in the adsorption pipeline from entering the desorption pipeline, but also avoid the leakage of the heating medium and carbon dioxide product gas in the desorption pipeline, effectively solving the problem of gas interaction between the adsorption tower and the desorption tower in the existing fluidized bed technology, and further solving the problems of serious dilution of the product gas and serious loss of the gas heating medium, meeting the airtightness requirements based on the fluidized bed, improving the purity of the product gas, reducing the loss of the heating medium, and having significant technical advantages and practical application value.

[0020] (2) Based on the above airtightness effect, the present invention uses carbon dioxide product gas as the heating medium, and combines with a condenser, a heating tank, etc. to form a desorption circulation system with the desorption pipeline, which can not only avoid using steam as the heating medium, but also continuously reduce the water content in the gas, thereby improving the purity of the product gas. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the feeding pipeline and its operation; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the return pipeline and its operation.

[0022] Reference Numerals: 1 is the adsorption pipeline, 2 is the feeding pipeline, 3 is the desorption pipeline, 4 is the return pipeline, 5 is the first vacuum pipeline, 6 is the second vacuum pipeline, 7 is the adsorption circulation system, 8 is the desorption circulation system, 9 is the feeder, 10 is the heating circulation system, 11 is the level gauge, 12 is the barometer, 13 is the thermometer, 14 is the first buffer tank, 15 is the second buffer tank, 201 is the vacuum buffer tank, 202 is the input feeding valve, 203 is the output feeding valve, 401 is the cooling buffer tank, 402 is the input return valve, 403 is the output return valve, 501 is the suction pipe, 502 is the suction valve, 503 is the vacuum pump, 504 is the first pressure stabilizing pipe, 505 is the first pressure stabilizing valve, 601 is the return air pipe, 602 is the three-way valve, 603 is the second pressure stabilizing pipe, 604 is the second pressure stabilizing valve, 605 is the third pressure stabilizing pipe, 701 is the air supply pipe, 702 is the exhaust pipe, 703 is the gas-solid separation chamber, 801 is the gas storage tank, 802 is the heating tank, 803 is the intake pipe, 804 is the exhaust pipe, 805 is the condenser, 1001 is the cooling section, 1002 is the heating section, 1003 is the heat pump. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: This embodiment aims to provide an air carbon capture adsorption tower system and process, which is mainly used to directly capture CO2 in the air by using a solid adsorbent bed, aiming at the problems of poor airtightness of the desorption tower and serious dilution of product gas and loss of gas heating medium caused by the existing fluidized bed technology.

[0024] An air carbon capture adsorption tower system, as Figure 1 , includes a fluidized bed circulation system, an adsorption circulation system 7, and a desorption circulation system 8. The fluidized bed circulation system includes an adsorption pipeline 1, a feeding pipeline 2, a desorption pipeline 3, and a return pipeline 4 that are sequentially circulated and connected. The output end of the adsorption pipeline 1 is connected to the input end of the feeding pipeline 2, the output end of the feeding pipeline 2 is connected to the input end of the desorption pipeline 3, the output end of the adsorption pipeline 3 is connected to the input end of the return pipeline 4, and the output end of the return pipeline 4 is connected to the input end of the adsorption pipeline 1 to form a circulating fluidized bed circulation pipeline, which is mainly used to circulate and transport the solid adsorbent between the adsorption tower and the desorption tower to form a fluidized bed. Both the adsorption pipeline 1 and the desorption pipeline 3 are spiral upward pipelines, which are respectively fixed in the adsorption tower and the desorption tower.

[0025] The feeding pipeline 2 is a straight pipeline, which is arranged obliquely downward towards the desorption pipeline 3, as Figure 2 , so that the solid adsorbent in the feeding pipeline 2 can slide into the desorption pipeline 3 by gravity. Specifically, the feeding pipeline 2 includes a vacuum buffer tank 201 and several connecting pipelines. Both ends of the vacuum buffer tank 201 are connected to the adsorption pipeline 1 and the desorption pipeline 3 through pipelines respectively. An input feeding valve 202 and an output feeding valve 203 are respectively arranged at both ends of the vacuum buffer tank 201. The vacuum buffer tank 201 is connected with a first vacuum pipeline 5, and the first vacuum pipeline 5 is used to evacuate the vacuum buffer tank 201. The first vacuum pipeline 5 includes an air extraction pipe 501 communicating with the outside. An air extraction valve 502 and a vacuum pump 503 are arranged on the air extraction pipe 501. The air extraction valve 502 is used to control the on-off of the air extraction pipe 501, and the vacuum pump 503 is used to provide power. A barometer 12 and a level gauge 11 are arranged on the vacuum buffer tank 201. Both the barometer 12 and the level gauge 11 are in signal communication with the controller, and are respectively used to feed back the air pressure and level data to the controller. The specific structures and principles of the barometer 12 and the level gauge 11 both adopt existing technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0026] When the solid adsorbent is transported along the feeding pipeline 2, it will pass through the vacuum buffer tank 201. By controlling the opening and closing states of the input feeding valve 202 and the output feeding valve 203, and combined with the use of a vacuum pipeline to pump the miscellaneous gas in the vacuum buffer tank 201 to the outside, it is possible to avoid the miscellaneous gas from the adsorption pipeline 1 from entering the desorption pipeline 3, and improve the purity of the product gas flow in the desorption pipeline 3.

[0027] The return pipeline 4 is a straight pipeline, arranged obliquely downward towards the adsorption pipeline 1, as Figure 3 , the return pipeline 4 includes a cooling buffer tank 401. The two ends of the cooling buffer tank 401 are respectively connected to the adsorption pipeline 1 and the return pipeline 4 through pipelines. The structure and function of the cooling buffer tank 401 are basically the same as those of the vacuum buffer tank 201, but it also has the function of cooling the solid adsorbent in the cooling buffer tank 401, so that the solid adsorbent heated in the desorption pipeline 3 can be cooled before entering the adsorption pipeline 1, thereby showing adsorption capacity.

[0028] An input return valve 402 and an output return valve 403 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cooling buffer tank 401. The cooling buffer tank 401 is connected to a second vacuum pipeline 6. The second vacuum pipeline 6 includes another air extraction pipe 501 communicated with the outside. A separate air extraction valve 502 and a vacuum pump 503 are arranged on the air extraction pipe 501. The air extraction valve 502 is used to control the on-off of the air extraction pipe 501, and the vacuum pump 503 is used to provide power. In addition to a barometer 12 and a level gauge 11, a thermometer 13 is also arranged on the cooling buffer tank 401, and the temperature data is fed back to the controller. The specific structure and principle of the thermometer 13 both adopt the existing technology and will not be elaborated here. The controller selects a single-chip microcomputer, which can receive signal inputs such as the barometer 12 and the level gauge 11, and control the opening and closing of each valve body. Its specific structure and control principle both adopt the existing technology and will not be elaborated here.

[0029] When the solid adsorbent is transported along the return pipeline 4, it will pass through the cooling buffer tank 401. By controlling the opening and closing states of the input return valve 402 and the output return valve 403, and combined with the use of a vacuum pipeline to pump the gas in the vacuum buffer tank 201 away, it is possible to avoid the air from the adsorption tower from entering the desorption tower, and improve the purity of the product gas flow in the desorption tower.

[0030] The adsorption circulation system 7 is used to provide wind force and air for the adsorption pipeline 1, as Figure 1, the adsorption circulation system 7 includes an air supply pipe 701 and an exhaust pipe 702 both communicating with the outside. The air supply pipe 701 is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline 1, and the exhaust pipe 702 is connected to the top of the adsorption pipeline 1. Fans are correspondingly arranged on both the air supply pipe 701 and the exhaust pipe 702. The air from the outside is input into the adsorption pipeline 1 from the air supply port and output to the outside from the exhaust pipe 702, while forming an upward air flow in the adsorption pipeline capable of transporting the solid adsorbent upward. The solid adsorbent reacts with the air during the upward transportation process to adsorb the carbon dioxide therein.

[0031] The desorption circulation system 8 extracts carbon dioxide from the desorption tower and circulates the carbon dioxide as a heating medium to the desorption pipeline 3, as Figure 1 , the desorption circulation system 8 includes a gas storage tank 801, a heating tank 802, an intake pipe 803, an exhaust pipe 804, and a condenser 805 that are sequentially connected in a cycle. The air supply pipe 701 is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline 1, and the exhaust pipe 702 is connected to the top of the adsorption pipeline 1, so as to form an upward air flow in the desorption pipeline 3 that does not affect the smooth falling of the desorbent. Due to the inclined arrangement of the feeding pipeline 2 and the return pipeline 4, the desorption pipeline 3 is relatively shorter than the adsorption pipeline 1. This upward air flow forms a countercurrent with the sliding solid adsorbent, which can not only slow down the sliding speed but also disperse the solid adsorbent, facilitating the full desorption reaction.

[0032] The condenser 805 is connected to the exhaust pipe 804 through a pipeline. A check valve and an air pump are arranged between the condenser 805 and the exhaust pipe 804. The condenser 805 is used to cool down the gas extracted from the desorption pipeline 3 and simultaneously separate carbon dioxide and water, thereby achieving the effect of dehydration and drying. The output port of the carbon dioxide is connected to the gas storage tank 801 through a pipeline. The gas storage tank 801 is used to store the carbon dioxide product gas. The gas storage tank 801 has at least two output ports, one for periodically outputting the carbon dioxide product gas to the next process, and the other is connected to the heating tank 802 through an air pump and a gas valve pipeline. The heating tank 802 is used to heat the carbon dioxide product gas and output the heated gas as a heating medium to the desorption pipeline 3 through the intake pipe 803 to form a desorption cycle. In some embodiments, if the temperature required for the desorption of the solid adsorbent cannot be stably reached or maintained only by using carbon dioxide as the heating medium, auxiliary heating methods such as water circulation heating and electric heating can be additionally arranged on the outer wall of the desorption pipeline 3.

[0033] Considering that after the vacuum buffer tank 201 is evacuated, a negative pressure drop will be formed relative to the desorption pipeline 3, affecting the smooth transportation of the solid adsorbent from the vacuum buffer tank 201 to the desorption pipeline 3. To address this problem, as Figure 2, the first vacuum pipeline 5 further includes a first pressure stabilizing tube 504; one end of the first pressure stabilizing tube 504 is connected to the exhaust pipe 804, and the connection point is located between the vacuum buffer tank 201 and the air extraction valve 502. The other end of the first pressure stabilizing tube 504 is connected to the desorption pipeline 3. A first pressure stabilizing valve 505 is provided on the first pressure stabilizing tube 504. The switch of the first pressure stabilizing valve 505 can control the opening and closing of the first pressure stabilizing tube 504. The first pressure stabilizing tube 504 can connect the vacuum buffer tank 201 and the desorption pipeline 3, so that when the vacuum buffer tank 201 discharges materials, the pressure between the vacuum buffer tank 201 and the desorption pipeline 3 can be balanced, which is beneficial to the smooth transportation of the solid adsorbent.

[0034] Similarly, considering that after the cooling buffer tank 401 is evacuated, a negative pressure drop will be formed relative to the adsorption pipeline 1, affecting the smooth transportation of the solid adsorbent from the cooling buffer tank 401 to the adsorption pipeline 1. To solve this problem, as Figure 3 , the second vacuum pipeline 6 further includes a second pressure stabilizing tube 603; one end of the second pressure stabilizing tube 603 is connected to the air supply pipe 701, and the connection point is located between the cooling buffer tank 401 and the air extraction valve 502. The other end of the second pressure stabilizing tube 603 is connected to the air supply pipe 701 (in other embodiments, it can also be connected to the adsorption pipeline 1). A second pressure stabilizing valve 604 is provided on the second pressure stabilizing tube 603. The switch of the second pressure stabilizing valve 604 can control the opening and closing of the second pressure stabilizing tube 603. The second pressure stabilizing tube 603 can connect the cooling buffer tank 401 and the air supply pipe 701, so that when the cooling buffer tank 401 discharges materials, the pressure between the cooling buffer tank 401 and the air supply pipe 701 can be balanced, which is beneficial to the smooth transportation of the solid adsorbent.

[0035] In addition, to ensure the smooth transportation of the solid adsorbent from the cooling buffer tank 401 to the adsorption pipeline 1, a feeder 9 is also connected and provided at the lower end of the return pipeline 4. The feeder 9 is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline 1. A third pressure stabilizing tube 605 is connected between the feeder 9 and the air supply pipe 701 to balance the air pressure between the feeder 9 and the air supply pipe 701. In this embodiment, the feeder 9 is arranged in parallel with the return pipeline 4. The connection port between the feeder 9 and the adsorption pipeline 1 is a reduced opening to facilitate the feeding. The feeder 9 can be a feeder 9 with an active conveying mechanism, such as a screw feeder 9, etc.

[0036] Considering that the cooling buffer tank 401 not only allows miscellaneous gas to flow into the adsorption pipeline 1 during the discharging state, but also allows the carbon dioxide product gas to flow into the desorption pipeline during the feeding state. In order to effectively discharge the miscellaneous gas while avoiding excessive loss of the carbon dioxide product gas, the second vacuum pipeline 6 further includes a return air pipe 601 and a three-way valve 602. The three-way valve 602 is respectively connected to the suction pipe 501, the return air pipe 601 and the outside. The other end of the return air pipe 601 is connected to the heating pipe; the three-way valve 602 is connected to the controller for control and can switch the connection state. By switching the connection state of the three-way valve 602, the extracted gas can be switched to be discharged to the outside or returned to the heating tank 802, so as to discharge the miscellaneous gas to the outside and recycle the carbon dioxide product gas into the desorption cycle.

[0037] Considering that the opening states of the vacuum buffer tank 201 and the cooling buffer tank 401 are intermittent. When the vacuum buffer tank 201 and the cooling buffer tank 401 are closed, it may cause the solid adsorbent to accumulate in the pipeline, which may lead to blockage. For this reason, as Figures 1-3 , the feeding pipeline 2 further includes a first buffer tank 14. The first buffer tank 14 is connected to the adsorption pipeline 1 and the vacuum buffer tank 201 and is located upstream of the feeding input valve. When the feeding input valve is closed, the solid adsorbent can be temporarily stored in the first buffer tank 14 to avoid accumulation and blockage in the pipeline. The return pipeline 4 further includes a second buffer tank 15. The second buffer tank 15 is connected to the desorption pipeline 3 and the cooling buffer tank 401 and is located upstream of the return feeding input valve. When the return feeding input valve is closed, the solid adsorbent can be temporarily stored in the second buffer tank 15 to avoid accumulation and blockage in the pipeline.

[0038] This embodiment further includes a heating circulation system 10. The heating circulation includes a cooling section 1001, a heating section 1002 and a heat pump 1003 that are connected in a loop. The cooling section 1001 is arranged around the cooling buffer tank 401 to cool down the cooling buffer tank 401, and the heating section 1002 is arranged around the heating tank 802 to heat the heating tank 802.

[0039] In this embodiment, a gas-solid separation chamber 703 is provided at the top of the adsorption pipeline 1. The exhaust pipe 702 is connected to the top of the gas-solid separation chamber 703, and the feeding pipeline 2 is connected to the bottom of the gas-solid separation chamber 703; filters that only allow gas to pass through are provided between the exhaust pipe 702 and the gas-solid separation chamber 703, between the exhaust pipe 804 and the desorption pipeline 3, and between the intake pipe 803 and the desorption pipeline 3.

[0040] An air carbon capture adsorption tower process is applicable to the above-mentioned air carbon capture adsorption tower system. In the fluidized bed circulation system, the solid adsorbent circulates, and the solid adsorbent can be small-particle zeolite, etc., and the circulation is completed through the following steps: S100: The solid adsorbent is transported upward through the adsorption pipeline 1 by the wind force in the adsorption cycle system 7 to the feeding pipeline 2, and an adsorption reaction occurs between the solid adsorbent in the adsorption pipeline 1 and carbon dioxide in the air.

[0041] S200: As Figure 2 , the feeding pipeline 2 cyclically performs the following steps to transport the solid adsorbent from the feeding pipeline 1 to the desorption pipeline 3: S210: Feed the vacuum buffer tank 201; The input feeding valve 202 is opened, the output feeding valve 203 is closed, the air extraction valve 502 is closed, and the first pressure stabilizing valve 505 is closed; The solid adsorbent is continuously input into the vacuum buffer tank 201 and maintained for a feeding cycle. The specific feeding cycle needs to be adjusted according to the actual production line conditions to maintain the continuity of the production line.

[0042] S220: Evacuate the vacuum buffer tank 201; The input feeding valve 202 is closed, the output feeding valve 203 is closed, the air extraction valve 502 is opened, and the first pressure stabilizing valve 505 is closed; The vacuum pump 503 extracts the air in the vacuum buffer tank 201 to the outside until the barometer 12 detects that the air pressure drops below the expected pressure value.

[0043] S230: Discharge the vacuum buffer tank 201; The input feeding valve 202 is closed, the output feeding valve 203 is opened, and the air extraction valve 502 is closed; The first pressure stabilizing valve 505 is opened to balance the air pressure in the vacuum buffer tank 201 and the desorption pipeline 3; The solid adsorbent is output to the desorption pipeline 3 by gravity and maintained for a discharge cycle. The specific discharge cycle needs to be adjusted according to the actual production line conditions to maintain the continuity of the production line.

[0044] S300: The solid adsorbent is transported downward along the desorption pipeline 3 by gravity to the return pipeline 4, and is heated and desorbed in the desorption pipeline 3.

[0045] S400: As Figure 3 , the return pipeline 4 cyclically performs the following steps to send the solid adsorbent to the adsorption pipeline 1: S410: Feed the cooling buffer tank 401; The input return valve 402 is opened, the output return valve 403 is closed, the air extraction valve 502 is closed, and the second pressure stabilizing valve 604 is closed; The solid adsorbent is continuously input into the cooling buffer tank 401 and maintained for a feeding cycle. This feeding cycle also needs to be adjusted in combination with the production line conditions and does not have to be strictly the same as the feeding cycle of the vacuum buffer tank 201, aiming to maintain the continuity of the entire production line; The solid adsorbent is cooled in the cooling buffer tank 401, thus showing adsorption properties again.

[0046] S420: The cooling buffer tank 401 is evacuated for the first time; The input return valve 402 is closed, the output return valve 403 is closed, the air extraction valve 502 is opened, the air extraction pipe 501 is connected to the heating tank 802, and the second pressure stabilizing valve 604 is closed; The vacuum pump 503 extracts the carbon dioxide gas in the cooling return tank into the heating tank 802, thereby recovering the heating medium that entered the cooling buffer tank 401 during the feeding process.

[0047] S430: The cooling buffer tank 401 is fed with materials; The input return valve 402 is closed, the output return valve 403 is opened, and the air extraction valve 502 is closed; The second pressure stabilizing valve 604 is opened to balance the air pressure in the cooling buffer tank 401 and the desorption pipeline 3; The solid adsorbent is output to the desorption pipeline 3 by gravity and maintains a discharge cycle. This discharge cycle also needs to be adjusted in combination with the production line conditions and does not have to be strictly the same as the discharge cycle of the vacuum buffer tank 201, aiming to maintain the continuity of the entire production line.

[0048] S440: The cooling buffer tank 401 is evacuated for the second time; The input return valve 402 is closed, the output return valve 403 is closed, the air extraction valve 502 is opened, the air extraction pipe 501 is connected to the outside, and the second pressure stabilizing valve 604 is closed; The vacuum pump 503 discharges the air in the cooling buffer tank 401 to the outside.

Claims

1. An air carbon capture adsorption tower system, characterized in that: It includes fluidized bed circulation system, adsorption circulation system and desorption circulation system; The fluidized bed circulation system comprises an adsorption pipeline, a feeding pipeline, a desorption pipeline and a return pipeline which are connected end to end in sequence to form a circulating fluidized bed circulation pipeline; The feeding pipeline is arranged obliquely downward toward the desorption pipeline, and the feeding pipeline includes a vacuum buffer tank, both ends of the vacuum buffer tank are connected to the adsorption pipeline and the desorption pipeline through pipelines, an input feeding valve and an output feeding valve are respectively provided at both ends of the vacuum buffer tank, and the vacuum buffer tank is connected to a first vacuum pipeline; The return pipeline is arranged toward the adsorption pipeline and inclined downward, and the return pipeline includes a cooling buffer tank, both ends of the cooling buffer tank are connected to the adsorption pipeline and the return pipeline through pipelines, and both ends of the cooling buffer tank are respectively provided with an input return valve and an output return valve, and the cooling buffer tank is connected to a second vacuum pipeline; The adsorption circulation system comprises an air supply pipe and an air exhaust pipe both connected to the outside, the air supply pipe is connected and arranged at the lower part of the adsorption pipeline, and the air exhaust pipe is connected and arranged at the top of the adsorption pipeline, so that an upward airflow capable of transporting the solid adsorbent upward is formed in the adsorption pipeline; The desorption circulation system includes a gas storage tank, a heating tank, an air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe and a condenser. The air supply pipe is connected and arranged at the lower part of the adsorption pipeline, and the exhaust pipe is connected and arranged at the top of the adsorption pipeline, so that an upward airflow is formed in the desorption pipeline without affecting the smooth falling of the desorbent; the product gas in the gas storage tank is successively input into the desorption channel through the heating tank and the air inlet pipe, and then returns to the gas storage tank through the exhaust pipe and the condenser.

2. The air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vacuum pipeline and the second vacuum pipeline both include an exhaust pipe connected to the outside, and an exhaust valve and a vacuum pump are provided on the exhaust pipe.

3. The air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first vacuum pipeline also includes a first voltage-stabilizing tube; one end of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the connection point is located between the vacuum buffer tank and the exhaust valve, the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is connected to the desorption pipeline, and the first voltage-stabilizing tube is provided with a first voltage-stabilizing valve.

4. The air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second vacuum pipeline also includes a return air pipe and a three-way air valve, the three-way air valve is respectively connected to the exhaust pipe, the return air pipe and the outside world, and the other end of the return air pipe is connected to the heating pipe; by switching the connection state of the three-way air valve, the extracted gas can be switched to be discharged to the outside world or returned to the heating tank.

5. The air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second vacuum pipeline also includes a second voltage-stabilizing tube; one end of the second voltage-stabilizing tube is connected to the air supply pipe, and the connection point is located between the cooling buffer tank and the exhaust valve, the other end of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is connected to the air supply pipe, and a second voltage-stabilizing valve is provided on the second voltage-stabilizing tube.

6. An air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The feeding pipeline further includes a first buffer tank, which is connected to the adsorption pipeline and the vacuum buffer tank and is located upstream of the feeding input valve; The return material pipeline also includes a second buffer tank, which is communicated with the desorption pipeline and the cooling buffer tank and is located upstream of the return material input valve.

7. An air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the return pipeline is connected to a feeder, the feeder is connected to the lower part of the adsorption pipeline, and a third voltage-stabilizing tube is connected between the feeder and the air supply pipe.

8. An air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a heating circulation system. The heating circulation includes a cooling section, a heating section and a heat pump that are cyclically connected. The cooling section is arranged around the cooling buffer tank, and the heating section is arranged around the heating tank.

9. An air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A gas-solid separation chamber is arranged on the top of the adsorption pipeline, an exhaust pipe is communicated with the top of the gas-solid separation chamber, and a feeding pipeline is communicated with the bottom of the gas-solid separation chamber.

10. An air carbon capture adsorption tower process, applicable to the air carbon capture adsorption tower system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidized bed circulation system circulates the solid adsorbent through the following steps: S100: The solid adsorbent is transported upward to the feeding pipeline in the adsorption pipeline by the wind in the adsorption circulation system, and undergoes an adsorption reaction with the air in the adsorption pipeline; S200: The feeding pipeline circulates the following steps to transport the solid adsorbent from the feeding pipeline to the desorption pipeline: S210: feeding into vacuum buffer tank; The input feed valve is opened, the output feed valve is closed, the air extraction valve is closed, and the first pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The solid adsorbent is continuously fed into the vacuum buffer tank and maintained for a feeding cycle. S220: Vacuuming the vacuum buffer tank; The input feed valve is closed, the output feed valve is closed, the air extraction valve is opened, and the first pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The vacuum pump extracts the air in the vacuum buffer tank to the outside; S230: Vacuum buffer tank discharge; The input feed valve is closed, the output feed valve is opened, and the air extraction valve is closed; The first pressure stabilizing valve is opened to balance the gas pressure in the vacuum buffer tank and the desorption pipeline; The solid adsorbent is output to the desorption pipeline by gravity and maintains a discharge cycle; S300: The solid adsorbent is transported downward along the desorption pipeline to the return pipeline by gravity, and is heated in the desorption pipeline and undergoes a desorption reaction; S400: The return pipeline circulates the following steps to transport the solid adsorbent from the feed pipeline to the adsorption pipeline: S410: feeding into cooling buffer tank; The input return valve is opened, the output return valve is closed, the air extraction valve is closed, and the second pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The solid adsorbent is continuously fed into the cooling buffer tank and a feeding cycle is maintained, and the solid adsorbent is cooled in the cooling buffer tank; S420: The cooling buffer tank is evacuated for the first time; The input return valve is closed, the output return valve is closed, the air extraction valve is opened, the air extraction pipe is connected to the heating tank, and the second pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The vacuum pump extracts the carbon dioxide gas in the cooling return tank into the heating tank; S430: Cooling buffer tank charging; The input return valve is closed, the output return valve is opened, and the air extraction valve is closed; The second pressure stabilizing valve is opened to balance the gas pressure in the cooling buffer tank and the desorption pipeline; The solid adsorbent is output to the desorption pipeline by gravity and maintains a discharge cycle; S440: The cooling buffer tank is vacuumed for the second time; The input return valve is closed, the output return valve is closed, the air extraction valve is opened, the air extraction pipe is connected to the outside, and the second pressure stabilizing valve is closed; The vacuum pump discharges the air in the cooling buffer tank to the outside.

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