Double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment. The process comprises the following steps: step 1, pressing a raw material in a central extrusion cylinder; 2, double-sided friction extrusion forming is conducted on the pressed blank through rotation and feeding movement of a first rotary extrusion rod and a second rotary extrusion rod; 3, taking out the formed circular plate or regenerated circular plate from the central extrusion cylinder; the equipment mainly comprises a first rotary extrusion rod, a second rotary extrusion rod, a central extrusion cylinder, a corresponding driving device and the like. According to the double-sided friction extrusion machine, multiple forming processes such as double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming and double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming can be achieved, universality is high, the application range is wide, and the forming efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of high-end equipment and advanced manufacturing in metal recycling, alloy preparation, metal composite material preparation, and high-performance sheet material preparation, and particularly relates to a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment. Background Art

[0002] Recycling of metal waste resources can reduce the huge energy consumption caused by raw material extraction and production, and is of great significance to environmental protection, carbon dioxide emissions, and product production costs. At present, the recycling of metal waste still mainly relies on melting and remelting in a furnace, which has problems such as long recycling cycles, high energy consumption, element burning loss, and a decline in the quality grade of recycled products, seriously restricting the recycling efficiency and economic benefits of waste resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new processes and supporting special equipment for metal waste recycling that are short-process, low-energy-consuming, high-efficiency, low-cost, and high-quality.

[0003] Patent CN202410916354.4 discloses a screw friction extruder and an extrusion forming method. The forming method includes: Step 1, putting raw materials into the extrusion barrel; for a cylindrical blank, directly put it into the extrusion barrel from the inlet of the extrusion barrel; Step 2, rotating the extrusion rod; Step 3, the forward extrusion rod and the extrusion barrel approach the rotating extrusion rod synchronously to achieve screw friction extrusion forming; during the entire extrusion process, control the extrusion speed by adopting a strategy of slow first, then fast, and then dynamic adjustment; Step 4, the material generates a spiral movement in the gap between the convex and concave dies and becomes an extruded object after flowing out of the die orifice.

[0004] The above method extrudes metal from the die orifice to obtain various types of profiles with a solid or hollow cross-section and an unlimited length direction, such as bars, wires, tubes, and profiled bars, but it is impossible to obtain sheets. Sheets are important raw materials for forming various thin-walled parts and can be used to form various sheet metal parts, which are widely used in the industrial field. To obtain high-quality recycled sheets, especially sheets with a thickness exceeding 1 mm, it is difficult to achieve through the currently reported friction extrusion method between the extrusion rod and the blank, and significant problems such as non-curing in local areas of the sheet, pores, cracks, and poor mechanical properties are likely to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the current recycling of metal waste, such as long recycling cycles, high energy consumption, element burning loss, and a decline in the quality grade of recycled products, as well as the lack of a process method for high-quality recycled sheets, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment to achieve short-process, low-energy-consuming, high-efficiency, low-cost, and high-quality solid-phase double-sided friction extrusion forming manufacturing and recycling.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment, as follows:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process, as follows:

[0008] Step 1. Place the raw material in the central extrusion cylinder and compact it.

[0009] Step 2. Perform double-sided friction extrusion forming on the compacted blank through the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotary extrusion rod and the second rotary extrusion rod.

[0010] Step 3. Take out the obtained circular plate or recycled circular plate after forming from the central extrusion cylinder.

[0011] As a further technical solution, in Step 2, the first rotary extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, the second rotary extrusion rod remains stationary, and when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotary extrusion rod stop; then, the second rotary extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, the first rotary extrusion rod remains stationary, and when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movements of the second rotary extrusion rod stop.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the first rotary extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank, and at the same time, the second rotary extrusion rod rotates and feeds towards the blank. When the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotary extrusion rod and the second rotary extrusion rod stop.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the rotation directions of the first rotary extrusion rod and the second rotary extrusion rod are the same or different.

[0014] As a further technical solution, for raw materials such as metal waste, metal powder, and mixtures in Step 1, first weigh the raw material, then put the raw material into the central extrusion cylinder through a hopper, and compact the raw material under the pressure of the first rotary extrusion rod by moving the first slider. Calculate the density of the compacted blank according to the mass of the raw material and the volume of the blank after compaction; for cylindrical blanks, they can be directly put into the central extrusion cylinder from one end of the central extrusion cylinder.

[0015] In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a double-sided friction extrusion forming process, as follows:

[0016] Step 1. Place the raw material in the extrusion cylinder and compact it.

[0017] Step 2. Perform single-sided friction extrusion forming on the compacted raw material through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotary extrusion rod.

[0018] Step 3. The ejection mechanism ejects the circular plate after single-sided friction extrusion forming;

[0019] Step 4. Flip the circular plate and place it into the extrusion cylinder;

[0020] Step 5. Perform friction extrusion forming on the other side of the circular plate through the rotational and feeding movements of the third rotating extrusion rod;

[0021] Step 6. The ejection mechanism ejects the circular plate after friction extrusion forming;

[0022] Step 7. Repeat Steps 4 - 6, and finally obtain a high-performance circular plate through multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming in steps.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention further provides a double-sided friction extruder, including a main machine and a working die; characterized in that, the main machine includes a first fixed beam, a first slider, a movable beam, a second slider, a second fixed beam, a first main cylinder, a second main cylinder, a third main cylinder, a fourth main cylinder, a first movable cylinder, a second movable cylinder, a first motor, a second motor, guide columns, a first speed reducer, a second speed reducer, a first turntable, and a second turntable; wherein, the first fixed beam and the second fixed beam are respectively located at both ends of the extruder and are fixed in position; the first main cylinder, the second main cylinder, the first movable cylinder, and the second movable cylinder are fixed on the first fixed beam, the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder are symmetrically distributed at the center on the first fixed beam and are connected to the first slider to drive the first slider to reciprocate linearly, the first movable cylinder and the second movable cylinder are respectively located outside the first main cylinder and the second main cylinder and are connected to the movable beam to drive the movable beam to reciprocate linearly; the third main cylinder and the fourth main cylinder are fixed on the second fixed beam, the third main cylinder and the fourth main cylinder are symmetrically distributed at the center on the second fixed beam and are connected to the second slider to drive the second slider to reciprocate linearly; the first turntable is fixed on the first slider and is driven by a first driving device to rotate; the second turntable is fixed on the second slider and is driven by a second driving device to rotate;

[0024] The working die includes a first rotating extrusion rod, a second rotating extrusion rod, and a central extrusion cylinder; wherein, the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the first turntable, and a temperature measuring hole is provided on the first rotating extrusion rod to measure the temperature of its working zone; the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the second turntable, and a temperature measuring hole is provided on the second rotating extrusion rod to measure the temperature of its working zone; the centerlines of the first rotating extrusion rod, the second rotating extrusion rod, and the central extrusion cylinder are located on the central axis of the extruder to facilitate the precise alignment of the working die.

[0025] As a further technical solution, it further includes a temperature measurement system, and the temperature measurement system includes a first wireless transmitter, a second wireless transmitter, a first temperature measurement sensor, and a second temperature measurement sensor; wherein, the first wireless transmitter is fixed on the first turntable, and when the first turntable makes a rotational movement, the first wireless transmitter rotates with it. One end of the first temperature measurement sensor is connected to the first wireless transmitter, and the other end is placed in the temperature measurement hole of the first rotary extrusion rod for measuring the temperature change near the working zone of the first rotary extrusion rod in real time; the second wireless transmitter is fixed on the second turntable, and when the second turntable makes a rotational movement, the second wireless transmitter rotates with it. One end of the second temperature measurement sensor is connected to the second wireless transmitter, and the other end is placed in the temperature measurement hole of the second rotary extrusion rod for measuring the temperature change near the working zone of the second rotary extrusion rod in real time.

[0026] As a further technical solution, a hopper is further arranged on the central extrusion cylinder.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a circular plate or a recycled circular plate, which is obtained by the double-sided friction extrusion forming process described above; or obtained by the double-sided friction extruder described above.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. The double-sided friction extruder of the present invention can realize various forming process methods such as double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming, and double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming. It has strong versatility, a wide application range, and high forming efficiency.

[0030] 2. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method of the present invention can synchronously improve the double-sided performance of recycled plates with a thickness of more than 1 mm through double-sided friction, effectively solving significant problems such as uncured local areas, pores, cracks, and poor mechanical properties that occur in existing friction extrusion methods.

[0031] 3. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method of the present invention realizes the self-heating and viscoplastic solidification regeneration of materials through the double-sided friction heat effect, avoiding preheating treatment of raw materials and melting and remelting. It can not only form high-performance plates, realize the preservation or even upgrading and recycling of waste materials, but also effectively reduce energy consumption and shorten the process flow.

[0032] 4. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method of the present invention has wide applicability and can be used for the recycling of metal scraps, alloy preparation, preparation of metal composite materials, and preparation of high-performance plates.

[0033] 5. The step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming process method of the present invention can not only achieve the performance of forming plates by a double-sided friction extrusion machine, but also reduce the dependence on and requirements for special forming equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 Top view of the structure of a horizontal double-sided friction extrusion machine;

[0035] Figure 2 Partial cross-sectional view of a horizontal double-sided friction extrusion machine;

[0036] Figure 3 Top view of the structure of a vertical double-sided friction extrusion machine;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic process flow diagram of double-sided friction extrusion forming of raw materials such as metal chips or powders using a horizontal double-sided friction extrusion machine;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic process flow diagram of double-sided friction extrusion forming of a cylindrical blank using a horizontal double-sided friction extrusion machine;

[0039] Figure 6 Schematic process flow diagram of step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming;

[0040] Figure 7 Cross-sectional metallographic structure diagram of a recycled circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy machining chips using a horizontal double-sided friction extrusion machine;

[0041] In the figures, 1 - first fixed beam, 2 - first slider, 3 - movable beam, 4 - second slider, 5 - second fixed beam, 6 - first main cylinder, 7 - second main cylinder, 8 - third main cylinder, 9 - fourth main cylinder, 10 - first movable cylinder, 11 - second movable cylinder, 12 - first motor, 13 - second motor, 14 - guide pillar;

[0042] 15 - first rotating extrusion rod, 16 - second rotating extrusion rod, 17 - first speed reducer, 18 - second speed reducer, 19 - first turntable, 20 - second turntable, 21 - first wireless transmitter, 22 - second wireless transmitter, 23 - first temperature measuring sensor, 24 - second temperature measuring sensor, 25 - hopper, 26 - central extrusion cylinder; 27 - circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming;

[0043] 28 - raw materials such as metal chips or powders, 29 - compacted blank, 30 - recycled circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming, 31 - cylindrical blank;

[0044] 32 - The third rotary extrusion rod, 33 - The extrusion cylinder, 34 - The ejector rod, 35 - The raw material, 36 - The circular plate obtained by multi - pass double - side cyclic friction extrusion forming in steps. Specific embodiments

[0045] As introduced in the background art, there are deficiencies in the prior art. To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a double - side friction extrusion forming process and forming equipment.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] This embodiment discloses a double - side friction horizontal extrusion press, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. The extrusion press disclosed in this embodiment mainly consists of a main machine, a working die, and a temperature measurement system.

[0048] Among them, the main machine mainly includes a horizontally arranged first fixed beam 1, a first slider 2, a movable beam 3, a second slider 4, a second fixed beam 5, a first main cylinder 6, a second main cylinder 7, a third main cylinder 8, a fourth main cylinder 9, a first movable cylinder 10, a second movable cylinder 11, a first motor 12, a second motor 13, guide columns 14, a first reduction gear 17, a second reduction gear 18, a first turntable 19, and a second turntable 20;

[0049] Among them, the first fixed beam 1 and the second fixed beam 5 are respectively located at both ends of the extrusion press and are fixed in position; the first slider 2 and the second slider 4 are located between the first fixed beam 1 and the second fixed beam 5. When the extrusion press operates, the first slider 2 and the second slider 4 can perform reciprocating linear motion; the movable beam 3 is located between the first slider 2 and the second slider 4. When the extrusion press operates, the movable beam 3 can perform reciprocating linear motion; the guide columns 14 pass through the first fixed beam 1, the first slider 2, the movable beam 3, the second slider 4, and the second fixed beam 5, connecting the five in series and playing the role of bearing pressure and guiding; specifically, both ends of the guide columns 14 are fixed to the first fixed beam 1 and the second fixed beam 5; the first slider 2, the movable beam 3, and the second slider 4 are installed on the guide columns 14 and can slide back and forth relative to the guide columns 14; further, in this embodiment, the guide columns 14 include six, and every two guide columns 14 are arranged parallel to each other, jointly guiding the first slider 2, the movable beam 3, and the second slider 4;

[0050] The first main cylinder 6, the second main cylinder 7, the first movable cylinder 10, and the second movable cylinder 11 are fixed to the first fixed beam 1. The first main cylinder 6 and the second main cylinder 7 are symmetrically distributed at the center on the first fixed beam 1 and are connected to the first slider 2, driving the first slider 2 to perform reciprocating linear motion. The first movable cylinder 10 and the second movable cylinder 11 are respectively located outside the first main cylinder 6 and the second main cylinder 7 and are connected to the movable beam 3, driving the movable beam 3 to perform reciprocating linear motion;

[0051] The third master cylinder 8 and the fourth master cylinder 9 are fixed on the second fixed beam 5. The third master cylinder 8 and the fourth master cylinder 9 are symmetrically distributed about the center on the second fixed beam 5 and are connected to the second slider 4 to drive the second slider 4 to perform reciprocating linear motion;

[0052] The first motor 12, the first speed reducer 17, and the first turntable 19 are fixed on the first slider 2. The first motor 12 drives the first turntable 19 through the first speed reducer 17 to make the first turntable 19 perform rotational motion;

[0053] The second motor 13, the second speed reducer 18, and the second turntable 20 are fixed on the second slider 4. The second motor 13 drives the second turntable 20 through the second speed reducer 18 to make the second turntable 20 perform rotational motion.

[0054] Furthermore, the tooling in this embodiment mainly includes a first rotary extrusion rod 15, a second rotary extrusion rod 16, and a central extrusion cylinder 26;

[0055] Among them, the first rotary extrusion rod 15 is fixed on the first turntable 19, and a temperature measurement hole is provided on the first rotary extrusion rod 15 to measure the temperature of its working belt;

[0056] The second rotary extrusion rod 16 is fixed on the second turntable 20, and a temperature measurement hole is provided on the second rotary extrusion rod 16 to measure the temperature of its working belt;

[0057] The center lines of the first rotary extrusion rod 15, the second rotary extrusion rod 16, and the central extrusion cylinder 26 are located on the axis of the extruder, which is convenient for accurate centering of the tooling.

[0058] Furthermore, the temperature measurement system in this embodiment mainly includes a first wireless transmitter 21, a second wireless transmitter 22, a first temperature measurement sensor 23, and a second temperature measurement sensor 24;

[0059] Among them, the first wireless transmitter 21 is fixed on the first turntable 19. When the first turntable 19 performs rotational motion, the first wireless transmitter 21 rotates with it. One end of the first temperature measurement sensor 23 is connected to the first wireless transmitter 21, and the other end is placed in the temperature measurement hole of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 for real-time measurement of the temperature change near the working belt of the first rotary extrusion rod 15;

[0060] The second wireless transmitter 22 is fixed on the second turntable 20. When the second turntable 20 performs rotational motion, the second wireless transmitter 22 rotates with it. One end of the second temperature measurement sensor 24 is connected to the second wireless transmitter 22, and the other end is placed in the temperature measurement hole of the second rotary extrusion rod 16 for real-time measurement of the temperature change near the working belt of the second rotary extrusion rod 16.

[0061] In addition, a hopper 25 is provided on the central extrusion cylinder 26 of this embodiment, facilitating the addition of raw materials such as metal scraps, metal powders, and metal multi-element mixtures into the central extrusion cylinder 26.

[0062] The double-sided friction extrusion press disclosed in this embodiment can achieve various forming process methods such as double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming, double-sided same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming, and double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming. It has strong versatility, a wide application range, and high forming efficiency. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method realizes the self-heating and viscoplastic solidification regeneration of materials through the double-sided friction heat effect, avoiding the pre-heating treatment of raw materials and melting and remelting in the furnace. It can not only form high-performance plates, achieve the preservation or even upgrading and recycling of waste materials, but also effectively reduce energy consumption and shorten the process flow. Through the double-sided friction effect, the double-sided properties of recycled plates with a thickness of more than 1 mm can be improved synchronously, effectively solving the significant problems such as uncured local areas, pores, cracks, and poor mechanical properties that occur in existing friction extrusion methods.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] This embodiment also discloses a double-sided friction vertical extrusion press. As Figure 3 shown, the double-sided friction vertical extrusion press mainly consists of a main machine, a working die, and a temperature measurement system. The structure of the double-sided friction vertical extrusion press disclosed in this embodiment is similar to that of the double-sided friction horizontal extrusion press in Embodiment 1. The main difference is that the first fixed beam 1, the first slider 2, the movable beam 3, the second slider 4, the second fixed beam 5, the first main cylinder 6, the second main cylinder 7, the third main cylinder 8, the fourth main cylinder 9, the first movable cylinder 10, the second movable cylinder 11, the first motor 12, the second motor 13, the guide column 14, the central extrusion cylinder 26, etc. on the main machine are vertically arranged, that is, the entire device in Embodiment 1 is rotated 90° to form a vertical extrusion press. The connection relationships of each component are exactly the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] Embodiment 3

[0066] Based on the double-sided friction horizontal extrusion press or the double-sided friction vertical extrusion press disclosed in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment discloses a process method for double-sided friction extrusion forming using the above-mentioned double-sided friction horizontal (vertical) extrusion press. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, it specifically includes:

[0067] Step 1. Place the raw materials in the central extrusion cylinder 26 and compact them.

[0068] For raw materials 28 such as metal waste, metal powder, and mixtures, first weigh the raw materials 28, and then feed the raw materials 28 into the central extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25. Press the raw materials 28 under the pressure of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 by moving the first slider 2. Calculate the density of the pressed blank according to the mass of the raw materials 28 and the volume of the blank 29 after pressing, and control the density of the pressed blank to be more than 70% of the density of the raw material itself;

[0069] For the cylindrical blank 31, it can be directly placed into the central extrusion cylinder 26 from one end of the central extrusion cylinder 26;

[0070] Step 2. Perform double-sided friction extrusion forming on the pressed blank through the rotation and feeding movement of the rotating extrusion rod;

[0071] The double-sided friction extrusion forming includes four methods:

[0072] The first method: The first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 remains stationary. When the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 stop; then, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and the first rotating extrusion rod 15 remains stationary. When the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method is used to achieve double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming of the blank.

[0073] The second method: The first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 remains stationary. When the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 stop; then, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and the first rotating extrusion rod 15 remains stationary. When the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method is used to achieve double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming of the blank.

[0074] The third method: The first rotating extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, and at the same time the second rotating extrusion rod 16 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank. When the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 measure that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop. This method is used to achieve double-sided same-direction synchronous friction extrusion forming of the blank.

[0075] The fourth method: The first rotary extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the blank, while the second rotary extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds towards the blank. When the forming temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 and the second rotary extrusion rod 16 stop. By using this method, double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming of the blank is achieved.

[0076] Step 3. Take out the obtained circular plate 27 or recycled circular plate 30 after forming from the central extrusion cylinder 26.

[0077] The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method disclosed in this embodiment realizes self-heating and viscoplastic solidification regeneration of materials through the double-sided friction heat effect, avoiding pre-heating treatment of raw materials and melting and remelting in the furnace. It can not only form high-performance plates, achieve the preservation or even upgrading and recycling of waste materials, but also effectively reduce energy consumption and shorten the process flow. Through the double-sided friction effect, the double-sided performance of recycled plates with a thickness of more than 1 mm can be improved synchronously, effectively solving significant problems such as uncured local areas, pores, cracks, and poor mechanical properties that occur in existing friction extrusion methods.

[0078] The above process method will be described separately as follows:

[0079] The first double-sided same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion forming method applicable to the forming of raw materials such as metal chips, metal powders, and mixtures disclosed in this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, mainly includes the following steps:

[0080] S1. Adjust the distances among the first rotary extrusion rod 15, the second rotary extrusion rod 16, and the central extrusion cylinder 26 to appropriate positions.

[0081] S2. Move the first rotary extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotary extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the central extrusion cylinder 26, and move the second rotary extrusion rod 16 so that enough space is formed between the first rotary extrusion rod 15 and the second rotary extrusion rod 16 in the central extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate raw materials such as metal chips 28.

[0082] S3. Add the weighed raw materials such as metal chips 28 into the central extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25.

[0083] S4. The first rotary extrusion rod 15 feeds towards the raw materials such as metal chips 28 to compact the raw materials such as metal chips 28. During this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the central extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the blank 29 after compaction, and the density is controlled above 70% of the density of the raw materials 28 itself.

[0084] S5. The first rotary extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds closer to the compacted blank 29, while the second rotary extrusion rod 16 remains stationary. When the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 stop. Thereafter, the second rotary extrusion rod 16 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds closer to the compacted blank 29, while the first rotary extrusion rod 15 remains stationary. When the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotary extrusion rod 16 stop, and the regenerated circular sheet 30 formed by double-sided and same-direction step-by-step friction extrusion is obtained.

[0085] The second double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion forming method disclosed in this embodiment, which is applicable to the forming of raw materials such as metal scraps, metal powders, mixtures, etc., as Figure 4 shown, mainly includes the following steps:

[0086] S1. Adjust the distances among the first rotary extrusion rod 15, the second rotary extrusion rod 16, and the central extrusion cylinder 26 to be in appropriate positions.

[0087] S2. Move the first rotary extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotary extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the central extrusion cylinder 26, and move the second rotary extrusion rod 16 so that sufficient space is formed between the first rotary extrusion rod 15 and the second rotary extrusion rod 16 in the central extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate raw materials such as metal scraps 28.

[0088] S3. Add the weighed raw materials such as metal scraps 28 into the central extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25.

[0089] S4. The first rotary extrusion rod 15 feeds towards the direction close to the raw materials such as metal scraps 28, so as to compact the raw materials such as metal scraps 28. During this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the central extrusion cylinder 26 and the requirement of the density of the compacted blank 29, and the density is controlled to be more than 70% of the density of the raw material itself.

[0090] S5. The first rotary extrusion rod 15 rotates clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds closer to the compacted blank 29, while the second rotary extrusion rod 16 remains stationary. When the first temperature sensor 23 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 stop. Thereafter, the second rotary extrusion rod 16 rotates counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds closer to the compacted blank 29, while the first rotary extrusion rod 15 remains stationary. When the second temperature sensor 24 measures that the forming temperature reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotary extrusion rod 16 stop, and the regenerated circular sheet 30 formed by double-sided reverse step-by-step friction extrusion is obtained.

[0091] The third double-sided synchronous friction extrusion forming method disclosed in this embodiment, which is applicable to the forming of raw materials such as metal chips, metal powders, and mixtures, is as follows Figure 4 shown, and mainly includes the following steps:

[0092] S1. Adjust the distances among the first rotating extrusion rod 15, the second rotating extrusion rod 16, and the central extrusion cylinder 26 to appropriate positions;

[0093] S2. Move the first rotating extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the central extrusion cylinder 26, and move the second rotating extrusion rod 16 so that enough space is formed between the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 in the central extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate raw materials 28 such as metal chips;

[0094] S3. Add the weighed raw materials 28 such as metal chips into the central extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25;

[0095] S4. The first rotating extrusion rod 15 feeds towards the direction close to the raw materials 28 such as metal chips, so as to compact the raw materials 28 such as metal chips. In this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the central extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the blank 29 after compaction. The density is controlled above 70% of the density of the raw material itself.

[0096] S5. The first rotating extrusion rod 15 starts to rotate clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the compacted blank 29, and at the same time, the second rotating extrusion rod 16 starts to rotate clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the compacted blank 29. When the forming temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 stop, and a regenerated circular plate 30 formed by double-sided synchronous friction extrusion is obtained.

[0097] The fourth double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming method disclosed in this embodiment, which is applicable to the forming of raw materials such as metal chips, metal powders, and mixtures, is as follows Figure 4 shown, and mainly includes the following steps:

[0098] S1. Adjust the distances among the first rotating extrusion rod 15, the second rotating extrusion rod 16, and the central extrusion cylinder 26 to appropriate positions;

[0099] S2. Move the first rotating extrusion rod 15 so that the first rotating extrusion rod 15 is placed on the left side of the feeding hole of the central extrusion cylinder 26, and move the second rotating extrusion rod 16 so that enough space is formed between the first rotating extrusion rod 15 and the second rotating extrusion rod 16 in the central extrusion cylinder 26 to accommodate raw materials 28 such as metal chips;

[0100] S3. Add the weighed raw materials such as metal scraps 28 into the central extrusion cylinder 26 through the hopper 25;

[0101] S4. The first rotary extrusion rod 15 feeds towards the direction close to the raw materials such as metal scraps 28, so as to compact the raw materials such as metal scraps 28. During this process, the feeding stroke of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 is calculated according to the inner diameter size of the central extrusion cylinder 26 and the density requirement of the billet 29 after compaction. The density is controlled above 70% of the density of the raw materials themselves.

[0102] S5. The first rotary extrusion rod 15 starts to rotate clockwise (counterclockwise) and feeds towards the compacted billet 29, and at the same time, the second rotary extrusion rod 16 starts to rotate counterclockwise (clockwise) and feeds towards the compacted billet 29. When the forming temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 23 and the second temperature sensor 24 reaches the preset temperature, the rotation and feeding movements of the first rotary extrusion rod 15 and the second rotary extrusion rod 16 stop, and the regenerated circular plate 30 with double-sided reverse synchronous friction extrusion forming is obtained.

[0103] Specifically, Figure 7 It is the cross-sectional metallographic structure diagram of the regenerated circular plate obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy machining scraps using a double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine. The experimental results show that when the 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy scraps are formed into circular plates by double-sided friction extrusion, under the action of pressure and temperature, the initially dispersed scraps achieve good interfacial bonding, and there are no defects such as holes, cracks and uncured.

[0104] Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the regenerated circular plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy machining scraps using a double-sided friction horizontal extrusion machine. The experimental results show that the circular plate regenerated from 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy scraps has good mechanical properties. Along the circumferential direction of the circular plate, the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at break can reach 265 MPa, 382 MPa and 16.7% respectively; along the radial direction of the circular plate, the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at break can reach 298 MPa, 422 MPa and 12.4% respectively.

[0105] Table 1

[0106]

[0107] The series of experimental results show that the regenerated circular plate of 2195 aluminum-lithium alloy obtained by double-sided friction extrusion forming has good microstructure and mechanical properties, can reach the mechanical properties of the extrusion materials of the same kind of alloy, and realizes the grade-preserving recycling and reuse of aluminum-lithium alloy scraps.

[0108] It should be further noted that the double-sided friction extrusion forming process disclosed in this embodiment is not limited to the extrusion presses disclosed in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and other extrusion presses can also be used.

[0109] Embodiment 4

[0110] This embodiment discloses another process method of step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming, as Figure 6 shown, specifically including:

[0111] Step 1. Place the raw material in the extrusion cylinder 33 and compact it.

[0112] Step 2. Perform single-sided (A-side) friction extrusion forming on the compacted raw material 35 through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotating extrusion rod 32.

[0113] Step 3. The ejection mechanism 34 ejects the circular plate 36 after single-sided (A-side) friction extrusion forming.

[0114] Step 4. Flip the A-side and B-side of the circular plate 36 and put it into the extrusion cylinder 33.

[0115] Step 5. Perform single-sided (B-side) friction extrusion forming on the circular plate 36 through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotating extrusion rod 32.

[0116] Step 6. The ejection mechanism 34 ejects the circular plate 36 after single-sided (B-side) friction extrusion forming.

[0117] Step 7. Flip the A-side and B-side of the circular plate 36 and put it into the extrusion cylinder 33.

[0118] Step 8. Perform single-sided (A-side) friction extrusion forming on the circular plate 36 through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotating extrusion rod 32.

[0119] Step 9. The ejection mechanism 34 ejects the circular plate 36 after single-sided (A-side) friction extrusion forming.

[0120] Step 10. Flip the A-side and B-side of the circular plate 36 and put it into the extrusion cylinder 33.

[0121] Step 11. Perform single-sided (B-side) friction extrusion forming on the circular plate 36 through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotating extrusion rod 32.

[0122] Step 12. The ejection mechanism 34 ejects the circular plate 36 after single-sided (B-side) friction extrusion forming.

[0123] Repeat the above steps multiple times, and finally obtain a high-performance circular plate 36 through step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion forming.

[0124] The process method of step-by-step multi-pass double-sided cyclic friction extrusion proposed in this embodiment can be obtained by simply improving the corresponding equipment on the basis of the double-sided friction vertical extruder proposed in Embodiment 2. Specifically, the driving component corresponding to one of the rotary extrusion rods in Embodiment 2 is replaced with the ejector rod mechanism 34 that moves linearly in this embodiment, and the rest of the designs are the same as those in Embodiment 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0125] The double-sided friction extrusion forming process method proposed in this embodiment realizes the self-heating and viscoplastic solidification regeneration of materials through the double-sided friction heat effect, avoiding the pre-heat treatment of raw materials and melting and remelting. It can not only form high-performance plates, realize the recycling of waste materials at the same level or even upgrade, but also effectively reduce energy consumption and shorten the process flow. Through the double-sided friction effect, the double-sided performance of recycled plates with a thickness of more than 1 mm can be improved synchronously, effectively solving the significant problems such as non-solidification in local areas, pores, cracks, and poor mechanical properties that occur in the existing friction extrusion methods.

Claims

1. A double-sided friction extrusion forming process, characterized in that: Step 1. Place the raw material in the central extrusion cylinder and compact it; Step 2. Performing double-sided friction extrusion forming on the compacted blank by rotating and feeding the first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod; Step 3. Take out the round plate or recycled round plate obtained after forming from the central extrusion cylinder.

2. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the first rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds toward the direction close to the blank, the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed, and the rotation and feeding movement of the first rotating extrusion rod stops when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature; thereafter, the second rotating extrusion rod rotates and feeds toward the direction close to the blank, the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed, and the rotation and feeding movement of the second rotating extrusion rod stops when the forming temperature of the raw material reaches the preset temperature.

3. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotary extrusion rod rotates and feeds toward the blank, while the second rotary extrusion rod rotates and feeds toward the blank. When the forming temperature of the raw material reaches a preset temperature, the rotation and feeding motion of the first rotary extrusion rod and the second rotary extrusion rod stop.

4. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that: The first rotating extrusion rod and the second rotating extrusion rod may rotate in the same direction or in different directions.

5. The double-sided friction extrusion forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: For raw materials such as metal scrap, metal powder, and mixture, first weigh the raw materials, then put the raw materials into the central extrusion cylinder through the hopper, and move the first slider to compact the raw materials under the pressure of the first rotating extrusion rod. The density of the compacted billet is calculated based on the mass of the raw materials and the volume of the billet after compaction. For cylindrical billets, they can be directly placed into the central extrusion cylinder from one end.

6. A double-sided friction extrusion forming process, characterized in that: Step 1. Place the raw material in the extrusion barrel and compact it; Step 2. Performing single-sided friction extrusion forming on the compacted raw material through the rotation and feeding movement of the third rotating extrusion rod; Step 3. The ejection mechanism ejects the circular plate formed by single-sided friction extrusion; Step 4. Turn the round plate over and place it into the extrusion cylinder; Step 5. frictionally extruding the circular plate on another side by rotating and feeding the third rotating extrusion rod; Step 6. The ejection mechanism ejects the circular plate after friction extrusion forming; Step 7. Repeat steps 4 to 6, and finally obtain a high-performance round plate by multi-pass double-sided circular friction extrusion.

7. A double-sided friction extruder, comprising a main machine and a tooling die; characterized in that: The main machine includes a first fixed beam, a first slider, a movable beam, a second slider, a second fixed beam, a first master cylinder, a second master cylinder, a third master cylinder, a fourth master cylinder, a first movable cylinder, a second movable cylinder, a first motor, a second motor, a guide column, a first reducer, a second reducer, a first turntable, and a second turntable; wherein the first fixed beam and the second fixed beam are respectively located at both ends of the extruder and are fixed in position; the first master cylinder, the second master cylinder, the first movable cylinder, and the second movable cylinder are fixed on the first fixed beam, the first master cylinder and the second master cylinder are centrally symmetrically distributed on the first fixed beam and are connected to the first slider, driving the first slider to reciprocate linear motion, the first movable cylinder and the second movable cylinder are respectively located outside the first master cylinder and the second master cylinder and are connected to the movable beam, driving the movable beam to reciprocate linear motion; the third master cylinder and the fourth master cylinder are fixed on the second fixed beam, the third master cylinder and the fourth master cylinder are centrally symmetrically distributed on the second fixed beam and are connected to the second slider, driving the second slider to reciprocate linear motion; the first turntable is fixed on the first slider, and the first drive device drives the first turntable to rotate; the second turntable is fixed on the second slider, and the second drive device drives the second turntable to rotate; The tooling die comprises a first rotating extrusion rod, a second rotating extrusion rod and a central extrusion barrel; wherein the first rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the first turntable, and a temperature measuring hole is arranged on the first rotating extrusion rod for measuring the temperature of its working zone; the second rotating extrusion rod is fixed on the second turntable, and a temperature measuring hole is arranged on the second rotating extrusion rod for measuring the temperature of its working zone; the center lines of the first rotating extrusion rod, the second rotating extrusion rod and the central extrusion barrel are located on the central axis of the extruder, so as to facilitate the precise centering of the tooling die.

8. A double-sided friction extruder as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Also included is a temperature measurement system, the temperature measurement system including a first wireless transmitter, a second wireless transmitter, a first temperature measurement sensor, and a second temperature measurement sensor; The first wireless transmitter is fixed on the first rotating table. When the first rotating table rotates, the first wireless transmitter rotates together with the first rotating table. One end of the first temperature sensor is connected to the first wireless transmitter, and the other end is placed in the temperature measuring hole of the first rotating extrusion rod, so as to measure the temperature change near the working zone of the first rotating extrusion rod in real time. The second wireless transmitter is fixed on the second turntable. When the second turntable rotates, the second wireless transmitter rotates with it. One end of the second temperature sensor is connected to the second wireless transmitter, and the other end is placed in the temperature measuring hole of the second rotating extrusion rod, so as to measure the temperature changes near the working zone of the second rotating extrusion rod in real time.

9. A double-sided friction extruder as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The central extrusion cylinder is also provided with a hopper.

10. A circular plate or a recycled circular plate, characterized in that: It is obtained by the double-sided friction extrusion forming process described in any one of claims 1-6; or it is obtained by the double-sided friction extrusion machine described in any one of claims 7-9.

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