Maintenance and construction process for refractory material of expansion joint of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a maintenance and construction process for a refractory material of an expansion joint of a garbage incinerator, and relates to the technical field of maintenance and construction of incinerators, and the maintenance and construction process comprises the following specific steps: step 1, dismantling a damaged part of the expansion joint; 2, processing the prefabricated part (1); 3, welding installation is conducted; step 4, filling and curing; and fifthly, outer layer brushing is conducted. Through the repairing steps, the expansion joint of the garbage incinerator can be conveniently subjected to standard and reliable maintenance operation; a worker uses the prefabricated part processing device designed by the invention to produce prefabricated parts, so that modularized and standardized production operation of prefabricated structural parts with standard sizes and quality can be realized, and most of operation required to be completed on site by constructors in the prior art is replaced; the problems that due to the fact that the site construction environment is severe, the operation difficulty of constructors is large, and the process and the standard are not standard can be solved, meanwhile, the working time of the constructors in the severe construction environment can be shortened, and the use intensity of the part after maintenance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of maintenance and construction of incinerators, in particular to a refractory material maintenance and construction process for expansion joints of a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] The expansion joint of a traditional waste incinerator is a Z-shaped structure. The gap of the expansion joint is filled with aluminum silicate fiber felt. The overall skeleton is a heat-resistant steel plate structure. Y-shaped nails are vertically welded on the heat-resistant steel plate, and the outer layer of refractory castables is made on this basis to ensure the normal operation of the expansion joint. However, the expansion joint is located at the top of the incinerator furnace. This area is affected by the high temperature of incineration and the corrosive gases produced by waste incineration. It is very easy to erode, break and fall off at the expansion joint. At the same time, due to the damage and fall of refractory materials, the heat-resistant steel plate in the expansion joint is eroded and damaged by flue gas, which greatly increases the difficulty of shutdown and maintenance. When the expansion joint of the incinerator is in the above damaged state, the main hazards include: 1. Reduced safety: Severe damage and shedding of refractory materials and heat-resistant steel plates will cause the expansion joint to be exposed to the waste incineration flue gas and high temperature environment, which is very likely to cause damage to the expansion joint, threatening the safe operation of the waste incineration boiler; 2. Increased maintenance costs: Due to the frequent occurrence of this situation in the original waste incinerator design, the boiler needs to be frequently shut down for maintenance, which increases operating costs and downtime, affecting the operating efficiency of the waste incinerator and the economic benefits of the incinerator user; 3. Environmental pollution: The damage of expansion joints will lead to the leakage of flue gas, the emission of incompletely burned particles and untreated flue gas, and the reduction of the amount of waste incineration due to the reduction of efficiency, which will have a negative impact on the environment.

[0003] In order to facilitate the maintenance of expansion joints of a waste incinerator, a refractory material maintenance construction process for expansion joints of a waste incinerator is provided. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refractory material maintenance construction process for the expansion joint of a garbage incinerator in order to facilitate the maintenance of the expansion joint of the garbage incinerator.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a refractory material maintenance construction process for the expansion joint of a waste incinerator, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Remove the damaged part of the expansion joint; use an electric pick to remove the refractory material of the damaged part. After the refractory material on the surface is removed, grind and clean the internal heat-resistant steel plate; Step 2: Prefabricated parts processing: using prefabricated parts processing equipment to quickly produce prefabricated structural parts with preset size specifications; Step 3: Welding and installation; Use the prefabricated part clamping and lifting fixing device to clamp the prefabricated part and insert it into the construction part demolished by the electric pickaxe, and temporarily press it in the space from the outside for welding operations. Step 4: Filling and curing; Leave a Z-shaped connection seam between adjacent precast blocks, and fill the connection seam with zirconium-containing aluminosilicate fiber board. Step 5: Outer layer coating; Coat refractory materials on the prefabricated parts fixed at the construction part and the surrounding gaps to seal the unsealed gaps.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: The prefabricated part is a precast brick body with grab nails as the skeleton and refractory materials cast outside the grab nails; The grab nails include connecting nail parts and inverted Y-shaped nail parts. One end of the connecting nail part is horizontally arranged inside the prefabricated part, and the other end of the connecting nail part extends out of the prefabricated part and is welded to the internal heat-resistant steel plate; Two or more inverted Y-shaped nail parts are welded and connected below the connecting nail part located inside the prefabricated part; Before casting, the outer wall of the grab nails except the welding parts is coated with asphalt paint, and after drying, they are placed into the prefabricated part processing device for casting and forming operations.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: The prefabricated part processing device includes a base and a drying bin. The base is located below the drying bin. The mold is spliced and formed through a forming mechanism. The grab nails are positioned in the inner cavity of the mold through a positioning mechanism. The forming mechanism includes a movable groove. The movable groove is opened at the top end of the base. The inner wall of the movable groove is slidably connected with a movable seat. One end of the base is equipped with a first motor. The output end of the first motor is connected with a first threaded rod. The first threaded rod penetrates through the movable seat. The top end of the movable seat is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame. The top end of the movable seat is symmetrically provided with side plates on both sides of the U-shaped frame. The outer wall of the side plate is fixedly connected with a movable plate. The movable plate is symmetrically slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat. A second threaded rod penetrating through the movable plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable seat. The outer wall of the second threaded rod is fixedly connected with a first spur gear.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a toothed plate penetrating through the movable seat is slidably connected inside the movable seat. The toothed plate is located at the top of the first spur gear and meshes with the first spur gear for transmission. Fixing grooves are symmetrically formed inside the movable seat at the top of the toothed plate. Extrusion blocks extending from both ends are symmetrically and slidably connected inside the toothed plate. An activity frame is slidably connected inside the toothed plate at one end of the extrusion block. A first spring is connected between the bottom end of the activity frame and the toothed plate. A fixing block extending from above the toothed plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the activity frame. First inclined surfaces are symmetrically formed on both sides of the activity frame, and the extrusion blocks are in contact with the first inclined surfaces.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the positioning mechanism includes a docking block. The docking block is fixedly connected to the top end of the side plate. Positioning grooves are formed at the connection position of the two docking blocks. A through groove is formed on the outer wall of the outer extension end of the connecting pin part of the grab nail. A slot is formed inside one of the docking blocks. An insertion block penetrating through the docking block is slidably connected inside the other docking block. A second spring is connected between the insertion block and the docking block. A clamping block is slidably connected inside the docking block at the bottom end of the insertion block. A third spring is connected between the clamping block and the docking block. Ratchet teeth are formed at the bottom end of the insertion block, and the top end of the clamping block is engaged with the ratchet teeth.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: a displacement frame is slidably connected inside the docking block on one side of the clamping block. A second inclined surface is provided on one side of the clamping block, and the top end of the displacement frame is located on one side of the second inclined surface. The displacement frame is C-shaped and the horizontal bar part at the lower end extends out of the side plate. A fourth spring is connected between the displacement frame and the side plate.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the clamping and lifting fixing device includes a mounting seat. Rollers are installed at the bottom end of the mounting seat. The prefabricated part is lifted and clamped by a lifting and clamping mechanism, and the prefabricated part is horizontally moved by a pushing mechanism. The lifting and clamping mechanism includes a placement groove. The placement groove is formed at the top end of the mounting seat. A support plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove. An installation frame extending above the mounting seat is slidably connected inside the mounting seat. A second motor is installed at one end of the mounting seat. The output end of the second motor is connected to a third threaded rod. The third threaded rod penetrates through the installation frame. A sliding groove is provided at the bottom end of the support plate. A third motor is installed inside the bottom top end of the installation frame. The output end of the third motor is connected to a fourth threaded rod. A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom top end of the installation frame. A lifting frame is slidably connected to the outer walls of the fourth threaded rod and the limiting rod.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the pallet, a cross bar is horizontally slidably connected inside the mounting frame, and a connecting groove for inserting the connecting rod is formed on the outer wall of the cross bar; the pushing mechanism includes a clamping groove formed on the outer wall of the connecting rod, a horizontal groove for the cross bar to slide is formed on the outer wall of the mounting frame, a clamping plate extending into the inner cavity of the connecting groove is slidably connected inside the cross bar, a fifth spring is connected between the clamping plate and the cross bar, a pressing block is slidably connected inside the cross bar above the clamping plate, the top of the pressing block extends out of the cross bar, a third inclined surface is arranged at the top end of the clamping plate, and the bottom end of the pressing block is in contact with the third inclined surface.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: one end of the cross bar is fixedly connected to a vertical plate, a first toothed rod penetrating through the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the mounting frame, a second spur gear is meshingly rotated inside the vertical plate above the first toothed rod, a second toothed rod is meshingly connected inside the vertical plate above the second spur gear, one end of the second toothed rod is fixedly connected to a pushing seat, the pushing seat is slidably connected inside the cross bar, a connecting column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pushing seat, a pushing frame is slidably connected to the top end of the pallet, a connecting hole is formed at the top end of the pushing frame, a fourth motor is installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame, and the output end of the fourth motor is connected to a third spur gear which is meshingly driven with a second toothed groove arranged at the bottom end of the cross bar.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a limiting block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pushing frame, a limiting groove for the limiting block to slide is formed on the outer wall of the pallet, third toothed grooves are formed on the outer walls of the first toothed rod and the second toothed rod, and the third toothed grooves are meshingly engaged with the second spur gear.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By setting repair steps such as the removal of the damaged part of the expansion joint, prefabricated part processing, welding, filling steps, and outer layer painting of the present invention, it is convenient to carry out standardized and reliable maintenance operations on the expansion joint of the waste incinerator; workers can use the prefabricated part processing device designed by the present invention to produce prefabricated parts, which can realize modular and standardized production operations of prefabricated structural parts with standard sizes and quality, replace most of the operations that construction workers need to complete on site in the prior art, avoid problems such as difficult operation for construction workers and non-standardized processes and standards caused by the harsh on-site construction environment, and at the same time can reduce the working hours of construction workers in the harsh construction environment and improve the service strength after the repair of this part.

[0016] 2. The prefabricated part processing device of the present invention is provided with a forming mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The side plate and the U-shaped frame are spliced to form a mold inner cavity. At this time, the grab nails are positioned in the inner cavity through the cooperation of the parts in the positioning mechanism. Then, the prefabricated part casting material is injected into the inner cavity. The movable seat moves into the drying bin to dry the prefabricated part. The movable seat moves to the discharge end. At this time, the displacement of the movable plate drives the side plate to move away from the U-shaped frame, so that the side plate is separated from the U-shaped frame, facilitating the operation of taking out the formed prefabricated part. This design facilitates the pouring and taking-out operations of the prefabricated part. At the same time, when the prefabricated part is formed, the position of the grab nails is positioned, making the forming of the prefabricated part more standard and the quality constant and reliable.

[0017] 3. The prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device of the present invention is provided with a lifting and clamping mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The second motor operates to drive the lifting frame to move below the prefabricated part to be moved. The third motor operates to drive the lifting frame to displace, pushing the support plate upward. The displacement of the support plate drives the prefabricated part to move upward. The support plate and the cross bar together clamp the prefabricated part. The fourth motor operates to drive the third spur gear to rotate. The rotation of the third spur gear drives the cross bar to displace. At the same time, the horizontal pushing frame displaces to push the prefabricated part to move, facilitating the lifting and clamping operation of the prefabricated part and conveniently pushing the prefabricated part into the preset fixed position. By setting the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device, the work of at least two people for the repair operation in the expansion furnace can be simplified to be implemented by one person, which is more labor-saving, greatly shortens the repair time in the furnace, and improves the efficiency of the repair operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction state of the present invention; Figure 2 is of the present invention Figure 1 structural schematic diagram in the A-A direction; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated part of the present invention; Figure 4 is of the present invention Figure 3 right view; Figure 5 is of the present invention Figure 3 top view; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the prefabricated part processing device of the present invention; Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the inside of the base of the prefabricated part processing device of the present invention; Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the movable seat of the prefabricated part processing device of the present invention; Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the inside of the movable seat of the prefabricated part processing device of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the installation of the toothed plate of the prefabricated part processing device described in the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the toothed plate of the prefabricated part processing device described in the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the grab nails in the prefabricated part processing device described in the present invention; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the docking block of the prefabricated part processing device described in the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting seat of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device described in the present invention; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the placement groove of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device described in the present invention; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting seat of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device described in the present invention; Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the displacement frame of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device described in the present invention; Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support plate of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device described in the present invention; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cross bar of the prefabricated part clamping, lifting and fixing device described in the present invention; Figure 20 Drying temperature control curve graph of the prefabricated part described in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, prefabricated part; 2, aluminum silicate fiber board; 3, grab nail; 4, forming mechanism; 401, movable groove; 402, movable seat; 403, first threaded rod; 404, first motor; 405, U-shaped frame; 406, side plate; 407, movable plate; 408, second threaded rod; 409, first straight gear; 410, toothed plate; 411, fixed groove; 412, extrusion block; 413, movable frame; 414, first spring; 415, fixed block; 5, positioning mechanism; 501, docking block; 502, positioning groove; 503, through groove; 504, slot; 505, insert block; 506, second spring; 507, clamping block; 508, third spring; 509, displacement frame; 510, fourth spring; 6, base; 7, drying bin; 8, lifting and clamping mechanism; 801, placing groove; 802, support plate; 803, mounting frame; 804, third threaded rod; 805, second motor; 806, sliding groove; 807, third motor; 808, fourth threaded rod; 809, limiting rod; 810, supporting frame; 811, connecting rod; 812, cross bar; 813, connecting groove; 9, pushing mechanism; 901, clamping groove; 902, horizontal groove; 903, clamping plate; 904, fifth spring; 905, pressing block; 906, vertical plate; 907, first toothed rod; 908, second straight gear; 909, second toothed rod; 910, pushing seat; 911, connecting column; 912, pushing frame; 913, connecting hole; 914, fourth motor; 915, third straight gear; 10, limiting groove; 11, limiting block; 12, mounting seat; 13, roller; 14, internal heat-resistant steel plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "coupling", and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below according to its overall structure.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 20 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a refractory material repair construction process for an expansion joint of a waste incinerator is as follows: Step 1: Demolition of the damaged part of the expansion joint; after the furnace is stopped and the ventilation of the furnace chamber is completed, the construction workers enter the furnace chamber to set up a scaffold, and then use a pneumatic pick to demolish the refractory material at the damaged part. The area size of the demolition can be determined according to the degree of damage (such as Figure 1 the dotted line area is the demolition area); after the surface refractory material is demolished, the internal heat-resistant steel plate 14 is polished and cleaned. In some working conditions described in the invention, the vertically installed heat-resistant steel plate on the fire-facing side of the expansion joint is at the edge of corrosion, breakage, and shedding. At this time, the demolition speed is relatively fast, and the construction workers can use plasma cutting to quickly cut off the heat-resistant steel plate exposed outside and interfering with the repair operation.

[0023] Step 2: Processing of the prefabricated part 1; the production workers determine the size and quantity of the replacement prefabricated part 1 for the repair part according to the drawing size of the expansion joint and the demolition range. Use the prefabricated part processing device to quickly produce prefabricated structural parts with preset size specifications; Step 3: Welding and installation; use the prefabricated part clamping and lifting fixing device to clamp the prefabricated part 1 and insert it into the construction part demolished by the pneumatic pick, and temporarily press it in the space from the outside for welding operations; Step 4: Filling and curing; a Z-shaped connection seam is reserved between adjacent prefabricated blocks, and a zirconium-containing aluminum silicate fiber board 2 is filled into the connection seam; Step Five: Outer layer coating; coat refractory materials on the prefabricated part 1 fixed at the construction site and the surrounding gaps to seal the unsealed gaps.

[0024] As Figures 3 - 5 shown, the prefabricated part 1 is a precast brick body with the grab nails 3 as the skeleton and refractory materials cast outside the grab nails 3; the grab nails 3 include connecting nail parts and inverted Y-shaped nail parts. One end of the connecting nail part is horizontally arranged inside the prefabricated part 1, and the other end of the connecting nail part extends out of the prefabricated part 1 and is welded to the internal heat-resistant steel plate 14; two or more inverted Y-shaped nail parts are welded below the connecting nail part located inside the prefabricated part 1; before casting, the outer walls of the grab nails 3 except for the welding parts are coated with asphalt paint, and after the coating is dried, they are placed into the prefabricated part processing device for casting molding operations.

[0025] Please refer specifically to Figures 6 to 11 , the prefabricated part processing device includes a base 6 and a drying bin 7. The base 6 is located below the drying bin 7. The molds are spliced and formed through a forming mechanism 4, and the grab nails 3 are positioned in the inner cavity of the molds through a positioning mechanism 5. The forming mechanism 4 includes a movable groove 401 opened at the top end of the base 6. The inner wall of the movable groove 401 is slidably connected with a movable seat 402. One end of the base 6 is equipped with a first motor 404, and the output end of the first motor 404 is connected with a first threaded rod 403. The first threaded rod 403 penetrates through the movable seat 402. The top end of the movable seat 402 is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame 405. On both sides of the U-shaped frame 405 at the top end of the movable seat 402, side plates 406 are symmetrically arranged. The outer wall of the side plate 406 is fixedly connected with a movable plate 407. The movable plate 407 is symmetrically slidably connected inside the movable seat 402. A second threaded rod 408 penetrating through the movable plate 407 is rotatably connected inside the movable seat 402. A first straight gear 409 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second threaded rod 408. A toothed plate 410 penetrating through the movable seat 402 is slidably connected inside the movable seat 402. The toothed plate 410 is located above the first straight gear 409 and meshes with the first straight gear 409 for transmission. Fixed slots 411 are symmetrically opened inside the movable seat 402 above the toothed plate 410. Extrusion blocks 412 extending from both ends out of the toothed plate 410 are symmetrically slidably connected inside the toothed plate 410. An activity frame 413 is slidably connected inside the toothed plate 410 at one end of the extrusion block 412. A first spring 414 is connected between the bottom end of the activity frame 413 and the toothed plate 410. The top end of the activity frame 413 is fixedly connected with a fixing block 415 extending out of the toothed plate 410 from above.

[0026] In this embodiment: The two ends of the base 6 are respectively a casting end and a discharging end. When the movable seat 402 is located at the casting end of the base 6, at this time, the side plates 406 are closely attached to both sides of the U-shaped frame 405, and the side plates 406 and the U-shaped frame 405 are spliced to form a mold inner cavity. At this time, the grab nails 3 are positioned in the inner cavity through the cooperation of the parts in the positioning mechanism 5. Then, the refractory castable of the precast member 1 is injected into the inner cavity. After that, the first motor 404 is started, and the operation of the first motor 404 drives the first threaded rod 403 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 403 drives the movable seat 402 to slide in the movable groove 401. The movable seat 402 moves into the drying bin 7 to perform a drying operation on the precast member 1. The drying temperature control curve is as shown in Figure 20 shown. After the drying operation is completed, the movable seat 402 continues to move. The movable seat 402 moves to the discharging end. During this process, the extrusion block 412 first contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The extrusion block 412 is forced to displace. The displacement of the extrusion block 412 pushes the movable frame 413 to displace, squeezing the first spring 414. The displacement of the movable frame 413 drives the fixed block 415 to displace out of the fixed groove 411, canceling the fixation of the toothed plate 410. Then, the toothed plate 410 contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The toothed plate 410 is forced to displace. The displacement of the toothed plate 410 drives the first spur gear 409 to rotate. The rotation of the first spur gear 409 drives the second threaded rod 408 to rotate. The rotation of the second threaded rod 408 drives the two movable plates 407 to move in opposite directions. The displacement of the movable plates 407 drives the side plates 406 to move away from the U-shaped frame 405, thereby separating the side plates 406 from the U-shaped frame 405, facilitating the operation of taking out the formed precast member 1.

[0027] Please refer specifically to Figures 12 to 13 , the positioning mechanism 5 includes a docking block 501. The docking block 501 is fixedly connected to the top of the side plate 406. A positioning groove 502 is opened at the connection position of the two docking blocks 501. A through groove 503 is opened on the outer wall of the outer extension end of the connecting nail part of the grab nail 3. A slot 504 is opened inside one docking block 501. An insertion block 505 that penetrates through the docking block 501 is slidably connected inside the other docking block 501. A second spring 506 is connected between the insertion block 505 and the docking block 501. A clamping block 507 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the insertion block 505 inside the docking block 501. A third spring 508 is connected between the clamping block 507 and the docking block 501. A displacement frame 509 is slidably connected to one side of the clamping block 507 inside the docking block 501. The displacement frame 509 is C-shaped and the horizontal bar part at the lower end extends out of the side plate 406. A fourth spring 510 is connected between the displacement frame 509 and the side plate 406.

[0028] In this embodiment: When the side plates 406 are closely attached to both sides of the U-shaped frame 405, the bottom of the displacement frame 509 contacts the U-shaped frame 405 and undergoes displacement under force. The displacement frame 509 is displaced and separated from the latch 507, squeezing the fourth spring 510. At this time, the latch 507 contacts the plug 505 under the elastic force of the third spring 508. At the same time, the two docking blocks 501 are fitted together. At this time, the grab nail 3 can be placed between the two side plates 406. The outer extension end of the connecting nail part of the grab nail 3 is inserted into the positioning groove 502 from bottom to top. Then, the plug 505 is pushed to displace, squeezing the second spring 506. The plug 505 passes through the through groove 503 and enters the positioning groove 502 to fix the position of the grab nail 3. At this time, the latch 507 performs a latching and positioning operation on the plug 505; when the side plates 406 are separated from the U-shaped frame 405, the displacement frame 509 is displaced under the elastic force of the fourth spring 510. The displacement frame 509 is displaced and contacts the latch 507, pushing the latch 507 to displace and separate from the plug 505, canceling the positioning of the plug 505. The plug 505 is displaced and reset under the elastic force of the second spring 506. The plug 505 automatically displaces out of the slot 504 and the through groove 503, canceling the positioning of the grab nail 3 to avoid blocking when the prefabricated part 1 is taken out; this design facilitates the positioning operation of the position of the grab nail 3 when the prefabricated part 1 is formed.

[0029] Please refer specifically to Figures 14 to 17 , the clamping, lifting and fixing device includes a mounting base 12. A roller 13 is installed at the bottom end of the mounting base 12. The prefabricated part 1 is lifted and clamped by a lifting and clamping mechanism 8. The prefabricated part 1 is horizontally moved by a pushing mechanism 9. The lifting and clamping mechanism 8 includes a placement groove 801. The placement groove 801 is opened at the top end of the mounting base 12. A support plate 802 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove 801. An installation frame 803 extending above the mounting base 12 is slidably connected inside the mounting base 12. A second motor 805 is installed at one end of the mounting base 12. The output end of the second motor 805 is connected to a third threaded rod 804. The third threaded rod 804 penetrates through the installation frame 803. A chute 806 is provided at the bottom end of the support plate 802. A third motor 807 is installed inside the bottom of the installation frame 803. The output end of the third motor 807 is connected to a fourth threaded rod 808. A limiting rod 809 is fixedly connected to the top end of the bottom of the installation frame 803. A supporting frame 810 is slidably connected to the outer walls of the fourth threaded rod 808 and the limiting rod 809. A connecting rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top end of the support plate 802. A cross bar 812 is horizontally slidably connected inside the installation frame 803. A connection groove 813 for inserting the connecting rod 811 is opened on the outer wall of the cross bar 812.

[0030] In this embodiment: When moving the prefabricated member 1, the prefabricated member 1 is placed on the top of the pallet 802. At this time, the second motor 805 can be started. The operation of the second motor 805 drives the third threaded rod 804 to rotate. The rotation of the third threaded rod 804 drives the mounting frame 803 to displace. The displacement of the mounting frame 803 drives the supporting frame 810 to move below the prefabricated member 1 to be moved. At this time, the third motor 807 can be started. The operation of the third motor 807 drives the fourth threaded rod 808 to rotate. The rotation of the fourth threaded rod 808 drives the supporting frame 810 to displace. The supporting frame 810 displaces into the sliding groove 806, and then pushes the pallet 802 to move upward. The displacement of the pallet 802 drives the prefabricated member 1 to move upward until the prefabricated member 1 contacts the bottom end of the cross bar 812. The pallet 802 and the cross bar 812 together perform a clamping operation on the prefabricated member 1, which is convenient for the lifting and clamping operation of the prefabricated member 1.

[0031] Please refer specifically to Figures 16 to 19 , the pushing mechanism 9 includes a clamping groove 901, the clamping groove 901 is opened on the outer wall of the connecting rod 811, a horizontal groove 902 for the cross bar 812 to slide is opened on the outer wall of the mounting frame 803, a clamping plate 903 extending into the inner cavity of the connecting groove 813 is slidably connected inside the cross bar 812, a fifth spring 904 is connected between the clamping plate 903 and the cross bar 812, a pressing block 905 is slidably connected at the top of the clamping plate 903 inside the cross bar 812, the top of the pressing block 905 extends out of the cross bar 812, one end of the cross bar 812 is fixedly connected with a vertical plate 906, the top of the mounting frame 803 is fixedly connected with a first toothed rod 907 penetrating through the vertical plate 906, a second spur gear 908 is meshingly rotatably connected at the top of the first toothed rod 907 inside the vertical plate 906, a second toothed rod 909 is meshingly connected at the top of the second spur gear 908 inside the vertical plate 906, one end of the second toothed rod 909 is fixedly connected with a pushing seat 910, the pushing seat 910 is slidably connected inside the cross bar 812, a connecting column 911 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pushing seat 910, a pushing frame 912 is slidably connected to the top of the pallet 802, a connecting hole 913 is opened at the top of the pushing frame 912, a fourth motor 914 is installed on the outer wall of the mounting frame 803, and the output end of the fourth motor 914 is connected with a third spur gear 915, and the third spur gear 915 is meshingly driven with a second tooth groove provided at the bottom end of the cross bar 812.

[0032] In this embodiment: When the pallet 802 and the cross bar 812 together clamp the prefabricated member 1, the connecting rod 811 is inserted into the connecting groove 813, and the connecting column 911 is inserted into the connecting hole 913. At this time, the pressing block 905 is located in the inner cavity of the horizontal groove 902, and the pressing block 905 contacts the inner wall of the horizontal groove 902 and is displaced by force. The displacement of the pressing block 905 pushes the clamping plate 903 to displace out of the connecting groove 813 without hindering the insertion of the connecting rod 811. At the same time, the clamping plate 903 squeezes the fifth spring 904.

[0033] When it is necessary to push the prefabricated part 1 into the preset fixed position, the fourth motor 914 is started. The operation of the fourth motor 914 drives the third spur gear 915 to rotate. The rotation of the third spur gear 915 drives the cross bar 812 to displace. The displacement of the cross bar 812 drives the support plate 802 to displace through the connecting rod 811. At this time, the supporting frame 810 slides in the sliding groove 806 to support the support plate 802 until the pressing block 905 displaces out of the horizontal groove 902. The clamping plate 903 is clamped into the clamping groove 901 under the elastic force of the fifth spring 904 to fix the cross bar 812 and the connecting rod 811; at the same time, the displacement of the cross bar 812 causes the first rack 907 to displace relative to the vertical plate 906. The displacement of the first rack 907 drives the second spur gear 908 to rotate. The rotation of the second spur gear 908 drives the second rack 909 to displace. The displacement of the second rack 909 drives the pushing seat 910 to displace. The displacement of the pushing seat 910 drives the pushing frame 912 to displace through the connecting column 911. The displacement of the pushing frame 912 pushes the prefabricated part 1 to move. When the cross bar 812 moves to the opening of the preset fixed position, the pushing frame 912 pushes the prefabricated part 1 into the preset fixed position.

[0034] Please refer specifically to Figures 6 to 11 , the inner wall of the movable groove 401 fits with the outer wall of the movable seat 402. The outer wall of the movable seat 402 is provided with a first threaded hole, which matches the first threaded rod 403. The bottom end of the toothed plate 410 is provided with a first tooth groove, which meshes with the first spur gear 409. The outer wall of the movable plate 407 is provided with a second threaded hole, and the outer wall of the second threaded rod 408 is symmetrically provided with external threads, which match the second threaded hole. The top outer wall of the fixed block 415 fits with the inner wall of the fixed groove 411. The two sides of the movable frame 413 are symmetrically provided with first inclined surfaces, and the extrusion block 412 contacts the first inclined surface.

[0035] In this embodiment: The operation of the first motor 404 drives the first threaded rod 403 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 403 drives the movable seat 402 to slide in the movable groove 401; the extrusion block 412 first contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The extrusion block 412 is forced to displace. The displacement of the extrusion block 412 drives the movable frame 413 to displace, squeezing the first spring 414. The displacement of the movable frame 413 drives the fixed block 415 to displace out of the fixed groove 411, canceling the fixation of the toothed plate 410. Then the toothed plate 410 contacts one end of the inner wall of the movable seat 402. The toothed plate 410 is forced to displace. The displacement of the toothed plate 410 drives the first spur gear 409 to rotate. The rotation of the first spur gear 409 drives the second threaded rod 408 to rotate. The rotation of the second threaded rod 408 drives the two movable plates 407 to move in opposite directions. The displacement of the movable plate 407 drives the side plate 406 to move away from the U-shaped frame 405.

[0036] Please refer to with emphasis Figures 12 to 13 , the outer wall of the insertion block 505 fits against the inner walls of the through slot 503 and the insertion slot 504, the outer wall of the top of the grab nail 3 fits against the inner wall of the positioning slot 502, the bottom end of the insertion block 505 is provided with ratchet teeth, the top end of the clamping block 507 is engaged with the ratchet teeth, one side of the clamping block 507 is provided with a second inclined surface, and the top end of the displacement frame 509 is located on one side of the second inclined surface.

[0037] In this embodiment: the two docking blocks 501 are in contact with each other. At this time, the top of the grab nail 3 can be inserted into the positioning slot 502, and then the insertion block 505 is pushed to displace, squeezing the second spring 506. The insertion block 505 passes through the through slot 503 and enters the positioning slot 502 to fix the position of the grab nail 3. At this time, the clamping block 507 performs a clamping and positioning operation on the insertion block 505; when the side plate 406 is separated from the U-shaped frame 405, the displacement frame 509 is displaced under the elastic force of the fourth spring 510. The displacement frame 509 contacts the clamping block 507 during displacement, pushing the clamping block 507 to displace and separate from the insertion block 505, canceling the positioning of the insertion block 505. The insertion block 505 is displaced and reset under the elastic force of the second spring 506, and the insertion block 505 automatically displaces out of the insertion slot 504 and the through slot 503, canceling the positioning of the grab nail 3.

[0038] Please refer to with emphasis Figures 14 to 17 , the inner wall of the placement groove 801 fits against the outer wall of the support plate 802. The outer wall of the mounting frame 803 is provided with a third threaded hole, and the third threaded hole matches the third threaded rod 804. The outer wall of the support frame 810 is provided with a fourth threaded hole and a limiting hole, the fourth threaded rod 808 matches the fourth threaded hole, and the outer wall of the limiting rod 809 fits against the inner wall of the limiting hole.

[0039] In this embodiment: the second motor 805 operates to drive the third threaded rod 804 to rotate. The rotation of the third threaded rod 804 drives the mounting frame 803 to displace. The displacement of the mounting frame 803 drives the support frame 810 to move to the lower part of the prefabricated member 1 that needs to be moved. At this time, the third motor 807 can be started. The third motor 807 operates to drive the fourth threaded rod 808 to rotate. The rotation of the fourth threaded rod 808 drives the support frame 810 to displace. The support frame 810 displaces into the sliding groove 806, and then the support plate 802 is pushed to move upward.

[0040] Please refer to with emphasis Figures 16 to 19 , the bottom end of the cross bar 812 is provided with a second tooth groove, the second tooth groove meshes with the third spur gear 915, the inner wall of the transverse groove 902 fits against the outer wall of the cross bar 812, the inner wall of the connecting groove 813 fits against the outer wall of the connecting rod 811, one end outer wall of the clamping plate 903 fits against the inner wall of the clamping groove 901, the top end of the clamping plate 903 is provided with a third inclined surface, and the bottom end of the pressing block 905 contacts the third inclined surface.

[0041] In this embodiment: The fourth motor 914 operates to drive the third spur gear 915 to rotate. The rotation of the third spur gear 915 drives the cross bar 812 to displace. The displacement of the cross bar 812 drives the support plate 802 to displace through the connecting rod 811. At this time, the support frame 810 slides in the chute 806 to support the support plate 802 until the lower pressing block 905 displaces out of the transverse groove 902, and the clamping plate 903 is clamped into the clamping groove 901 under the elastic force of the fifth spring 904 to fix the cross bar 812 and the connecting rod 811.

[0042] Please refer specifically to Figures 16 to 19 , the inner wall of the chute 806 is in contact with the top outer wall of the support frame 810, the outer wall of the connecting column 911 is in contact with the inner wall of the connecting hole 913, the bottom end of the pushing frame 912 is fixedly connected with a limiting block 11, a limiting groove 10 for the limiting block 11 to slide is formed on the outer wall of the support plate 802, and third tooth grooves are formed on the outer walls of the first tooth bar 907 and the second tooth bar 909, and the third tooth grooves are engaged with the second spur gear 908.

[0043] In this embodiment: The displacement of the first tooth bar 907 drives the second spur gear 908 to rotate. The rotation of the second spur gear 908 drives the second tooth bar 909 to displace. The displacement of the second tooth bar 909 drives the pushing seat 910 to displace. The displacement of the pushing seat 910 drives the pushing frame 912 to displace through the connecting column 911. At this time, the limiting block 11 slides in the limiting groove 10.

[0044] It should be noted that the refractory materials used for preparing the prefabricated member 1 and the refractory materials used for coating the outer layer and the gaps in step five can be prepared according to the invention patent "A Boiler Lining Crack Repair Material and Its Preparation and Construction Method" with the publication number of CN116143503B applied by the applicant on April 18, 2023.

[0045] The patented technology has been tested by the applicant. The precast blocks described in the present invention are prefabricated in the workshop and then transported to the construction site. The on-site workers can quickly assemble them, reducing the time for on-site preparation of refractory materials and manual pouring and ramming. The construction time has been shortened from the traditional ten days to five days. The daily labor requirement has been reduced from the original 12 man-days to 7 man-days. The total labor requirement has been reduced from the original 120 man-days to only 35 man-days. The on-site working time and labor intensity of the construction workers have been greatly reduced, reducing the exposure time of the construction workers in the harsh environment, which has a very positive effect on the health of the construction workers. At the same time, due to the inaccurate proportion of refractory materials prepared on-site in the existing technology, it is easy to cause insufficient strength of the refractory materials after construction. The production of precast blocks in the workshop follows a standardized production plan, so that each precast block can meet the quality standards for product design and use. After construction sampling and testing comparison, the refractory material indicators are as follows:

[0046] It can be seen from this control experiment that the performance indicators of the refractory material precast blocks used in the present invention are significantly better than those of the refractory materials prepared on-site during traditional construction. The excellent performance can better protect the expansion joint behind the precast block, greatly improve the boiler operation time, reduce the number of boiler shutdowns, and enhance economic, social and ecological benefits.

[0047] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refractory material maintenance construction process for expansion joints of a waste incinerator, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Remove the damaged part of the expansion joint; use an electric pick to remove the refractory material at the damaged part. After the refractory material on the surface is removed, grind and clean the internal heat-resistant steel plate (14); Step 2: Prefabricated parts (1) processing: using a prefabricated parts processing device to quickly produce prefabricated structural parts with preset size specifications; Step 3: Welding installation: Use the prefabricated component clamping and lifting fixture to clamp the prefabricated component (1) and insert it into the construction site where the electric pick is to be removed, and temporarily squeeze it into the space from the outside to facilitate welding operations; Step 4: filling and curing; a Z-shaped joint is reserved between adjacent prefabricated blocks, and a zirconium-containing aluminum silicate fiberboard (2) is filled into the joint; Step 5: External coating: Apply refractory material to the prefabricated parts (1) fixed at the construction site and the surrounding gaps to seal the unsealed gaps.

2. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated part (1) is a prefabricated brick body with a gripping nail (3) as a skeleton and a refractory material cast outside the gripping nail (3); the gripping nail (3) comprises a connecting nail part and an inverted Y-shaped nail part, one end of the connecting nail part is arranged horizontally inside the prefabricated part (1), and the other end of the connecting nail part extends out of the prefabricated part (1) and is welded to the internal heat-resistant steel plate (14); two or more inverted Y-shaped nail parts are welded below the connecting nail part inside the prefabricated part (1); before casting, the outer wall of the gripping nail (3) except the welding part is painted with asphalt paint, and after the paint is dried, it is placed in a prefabricated part processing device for casting and molding.

3. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The preform processing device comprises a base (6) and a drying chamber (7), wherein the base (6) is located below the drying chamber (7), the mold is spliced ​​and formed by a molding mechanism (4), the grabbing nail (3) is positioned in the mold cavity by a positioning mechanism (5), the molding mechanism (4) comprises a movable groove (401), the movable groove (401) is opened at the top of the base (6), the inner wall of the movable groove (401) is slidably connected to a movable seat (402), one end of the base (6) is installed with a first motor (404), the output end of the first motor (404) is connected to a first threaded rod (403), and the first threaded rod (403) is connected to the output end of the first motor (404). The rod (403) passes through the movable seat (402), the top of the movable seat (402) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame (405), the top of the movable seat (402) is symmetrically provided with side panels (406) on both sides of the U-shaped frame (405), the outer walls of the side panels (406) are fixedly connected to a movable plate (407), the movable plate (407) is symmetrically slidably connected to the inside of the movable seat (402), the inside of the movable seat (402) is rotatably connected to a second threaded rod (408) passing through the movable plate (407), and the outer wall of the second threaded rod (408) is fixedly connected to a first spur gear (409).

4. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The movable seat (402) is internally slidably connected to a toothed plate (410) that passes through the movable seat (402); the toothed plate (410) is located at the top of the first spur gear (409) and meshes with the first spur gear (409) for transmission; the movable seat (402) is internally provided with fixed grooves (411) symmetrically located at the top of the toothed plate (410); the toothed plate (410) is internally slidably connected to extrusion blocks (412) that extend from both ends of the toothed plate (410). A movable frame (413) is slidably connected to one end of the extrusion block (412) located inside the tooth plate (410); a first spring (414) is connected between the bottom end of the movable frame (413) and the tooth plate (410); a fixed block (415) extending from the tooth plate (410) is fixedly connected to the top end of the movable frame (413); first inclined surfaces are symmetrically provided on both sides of the movable frame (413), and the extrusion block (412) is in contact with the first inclined surfaces.

5. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (5) comprises a docking block (501), the docking block (501) being fixedly connected to the top end of the side plate (406), a positioning groove (502) being provided at the joint position of the two docking blocks (501), a through groove (503) being provided on the outer wall of the extended end of the connecting nail portion of the grab nail (3), a slot (504) being provided inside one of the docking blocks (501), and a slot (504) being provided inside the other docking block (501) being slidably connected to the inside of the other docking block (501) An inserting block (505) of the block (501) is provided, a second spring (506) is connected between the inserting block (505) and the docking block (501), a clamping block (507) is slidably connected at the bottom end of the inserting block (505) inside the docking block (501), a third spring (508) is connected between the clamping block (507) and the docking block (501), a ratchet is provided at the bottom end of the inserting block (505), and a top end of the clamping block (507) is engaged with the ratchet.

6. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A displacement frame (509) is slidably connected to one side of the clamping block (507) inside the docking block (501); a second inclined surface is provided on one side of the clamping block (507); a top end of the displacement frame (509) is located on one side of the second inclined surface; the displacement frame (509) is C-shaped, and a cross bar portion at the lower end extends out of the side plate (406); a fourth spring (510) is connected between the displacement frame (509) and the side plate (406).

7. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clamping, lifting and fixing device comprises a mounting seat (12), a roller (13) is mounted on the bottom end of the mounting seat (12), the preform (1) is lifted and clamped by a lifting and clamping mechanism (8), the preform (1) is moved laterally by a pushing mechanism (9), the lifting and clamping mechanism (8) comprises a placement groove (801), the placement groove (801) is opened at the top end of the mounting seat (12), the inner wall of the placement groove (801) is slidably connected to a support plate (802), the interior of the mounting seat (12) is slidably connected to a mounting frame (803) extending above the mounting seat (12), one end of the mounting seat (12) is A second motor (805) is installed, the output end of the second motor (805) is connected to a third threaded rod (804), the third threaded rod (804) passes through the mounting frame (803), a slide groove (806) is provided at the bottom end of the support plate (802), a third motor (807) is installed inside the bottom of the mounting frame (803), the output end of the third motor (807) is connected to a fourth threaded rod (808), the top end of the bottom of the mounting frame (803) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (809), and the outer wall of the fourth threaded rod (808) and the limiting rod (809) is slidably connected to a supporting frame (810).

8. The refractory material maintenance construction process of a waste incinerator expansion joint according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The top of the support plate (802) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (811); the interior of the mounting frame (803) is slidably connected to a cross bar (812); the outer wall of the cross bar (812) is provided with a connecting groove (813) for the connecting rod (811) to be inserted; the pushing mechanism (9) comprises a card slot (901); the card slot (901) is provided on the outer wall of the connecting rod (811); the outer wall of the mounting frame (803) is provided with a cross slot (902) for the cross bar (812) to slide; The interior of (812) is slidably connected to a card plate (903) extending into the inner cavity of the connecting groove (813); a fifth spring (904) is connected between the card plate (903) and the cross bar (812); the interior of the cross bar (812) is slidably connected to a pressing block (905) at the top of the card plate (903); the top of the pressing block (905) extends out of the cross bar (812); a third inclined surface is provided at the top of the card plate (903); and the bottom end of the pressing block (905) is in contact with the third inclined surface.

9. The refractory material maintenance construction process of the expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 8 is characterized in that: One end of the crossbar (812) is fixedly connected to a vertical plate (906); the top of the mounting frame (803) is fixedly connected to a first gear rod (907) that passes through the vertical plate (906); the interior of the vertical plate (906) is located at the top of the first gear rod (907) and is meshed and rotatably connected to a second spur gear (908); the interior of the vertical plate (906) is located at the top of the second spur gear (908) and is meshed and connected to a second gear rod (909); one end of the second gear rod (909) is fixedly connected to a push seat (910); the push seat (910) is 10) is slidably connected to the inside of the cross bar (812), the bottom end of the pushing seat (910) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (911), the top end of the support plate (802) is slidably connected to a pushing frame (912), the top end of the pushing frame (912) is provided with a connecting hole (913), the outer wall of the mounting frame (803) is installed with a fourth motor (914), the output end of the fourth motor (914) is connected to a third spur gear (915), and the third spur gear (915) is meshed with a second tooth groove arranged at the bottom end of the cross bar (812) for transmission.

10. The refractory material maintenance construction process of the expansion joint of a waste incinerator according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The bottom end of the pushing frame (912) is fixedly connected to a limit block (11); the outer wall of the support plate (802) is provided with a limit groove (10) for the limit block (11) to slide; the outer walls of the first gear rod (907) and the second gear rod (909) are both provided with a third tooth groove, and the third tooth groove is meshed with the second spur gear (908).

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