Hoisting device for gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large-scale component

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hoisting of large components, and particularly relates to a hoisting device for large components of a gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder. The diameter of the main shaft is matched with the drainage hole of the semi-ring forge piece, and the main shaft is used for penetrating through the drainage hole; a blocking piece is arranged at one end of the main shaft and used for limiting axial displacement of the semi-ring forge piece, the other end of the main shaft is sequentially sleeved with a spring gasket and a nut, the spring gasket is pressed and deformed by screwing the nut, and the semi-ring forge piece is clamped between the blocking piece and the spring gasket. The universal lifting ring with a bearing is connected with the main shaft through a steel wire rope, two lifting devices are configured during vertical lifting, and three lifting devices are configured during horizontal lifting. According to the method, welding of temporary lifting lugs is avoided, damage of a traditional process to component structures is avoided, lifting stability and operation convenience are improved, safety and reliability in the lifting process are guaranteed, production cost is saved, and construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of large component hoisting, and particularly relates to a hoisting device for large components of a gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder. Background Art

[0002] The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder is a key component in nuclear power or large power generation equipment. Its manufacturing process is difficult, has a long cycle, and requires high precision. In the field of nuclear power, such as in the Sanmen Nuclear Power Project, the low-pressure inner cylinder is a key equipment of the conventional island steam turbine. A set of low-pressure inner cylinders is divided into upper and lower modules. The upper module weighs about 90 tons, and the lower module weighs about 100 tons. These low-pressure inner cylinders need to go through a large number of processes such as welding, alloy surfacing, non-destructive testing, machining, assembly, and through-flow clearance measurement during the manufacturing process to ensure their quality and precision.

[0003] For the hoisting of large components of the existing gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder, the large semi-ring forgings of the gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder, with a single-piece weight of about 15 tons, do not have dedicated lifting lugs designed. During construction, temporary lifting lugs need to be welded for hoisting. After use, they need to be cut and polished to restore the surface of the component, resulting in high costs of manpower, material resources, and time. The traditional method is not only inefficient but also has potential safety hazards due to unstable welding quality. Moreover, repeated welding and cutting may cause damage to the structure of the forgings. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dedicated hoisting device that does not damage the component structure, is reusable, and is safe and efficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems in the hoisting of large components of the existing gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder, such as the need to weld temporary lifting lugs, damage to the component structure, unstable hoisting, complex operation, unsafe and unreliable hoisting process, additional processes such as welding and cutting, resulting in high production costs and low construction efficiency, the present invention provides a hoisting device for large components of a gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder, including: a main shaft, the diameter of which is adapted to the drain hole of the semi-ring forging and is used to penetrate through the drain hole; a retaining plate is sleeved on the main shaft to limit the axial displacement of the semi-ring forging. At one end of the main shaft, a spring washer and a nut are sequentially sleeved. By tightening the nut, the spring washer is compressed and deformed, clamping the semi-ring forging between the retaining plate and the spring washer; a universal lifting ring is arranged at the other end of the main shaft, and a bearing is arranged on the universal lifting ring. The main shaft is connected to the universal lifting ring through the bearing; a steel wire rope passes through the universal lifting ring and is used for hoisting and flipping the semi-ring forging; when hoisting vertically, 2 such hoisting devices are configured, and when hoisting horizontally, 3 such hoisting devices are configured.

[0005] According to the above-mentioned hoisting device for large components of a gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder, the material of the main shaft is high-strength alloy steel, and the tensile strength ≥ 800 MPa.

[0006] According to the above-mentioned hoisting device for large components of a gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder, the retaining plate is of a circular or polygonal structure, and the diameter is greater than 1.5 times the aperture of the drain hole.

[0007] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the elastic modulus of the spring gasket is 200-250 GPa, and the thickness is 5-8 mm.

[0008] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the nut is a locknut, and the thread specification is M30-M50.

[0009] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the bearing of the universal lifting ring is a self-lubricating ball bearing, allowing 360° rotation.

[0010] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the breaking strength of the steel wire rope is more than 5 times the weight of the half-ring forging.

[0011] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the safety factor of the lifting device is ≥ 3.5.

[0012] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the main shaft and the universal lifting ring are connected by a shackle.

[0013] According to the above-mentioned gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, the lifting device can be reused and does not damage the surface of the half-ring forging after disassembly.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. By using the hydrophobic holes of the half-ring forging itself as the fixed points and adopting the mechanical clamping method of the main shaft, the retaining plate, the spring gasket and the nut, the present invention avoids welding temporary lifting lugs and solves the problem of damage to the component structure by the traditional process.

[0016] 2. The design of the universal lifting ring with bearings of the present invention allows flexible adjustment at multiple angles during the lifting process. Combined with the steel wire rope connection, the lifting stability and operation convenience are significantly improved.

[0017] 3. According to the lifting direction: vertical or horizontal, the present invention dynamically adjusts the number of devices: 2 for vertical and 3 for horizontal, and through material selection, such as: high-strength main shaft, locknut, and safety factor calculation, ensures the safety and reliability of the lifting process.

[0018] 4. The present invention completely eliminates additional processes such as welding and cutting, saves production costs and improves construction efficiency, and has significant industrial application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the use of a large-scale lifting device for a gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1 - universal lifting ring, 2 - bearing, 3 - retaining plate, 4 - main shaft, 5 - spring washer, 6 - nut, 7 - semi-ring forging, 8 - large-scale lifting device for a gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder, 9 - drain hole. Specific embodiments

[0022] Preferred embodiments

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0024] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown: In this embodiment, the large-scale lifting device for a gigawatt-level low-pressure inner cylinder includes: a main shaft 4, the diameter of which is adapted to the drain hole 9 of the semi-ring forging 7 for passing through the drain hole 9; a retaining plate 3 is sleeved on the main shaft 4 to limit the axial displacement of the semi-ring forging 7. At one end of the main shaft 4, a spring washer 5 and a nut 6 are sequentially sleeved. By tightening the nut 6, the spring washer 5 is compressed and deformed, and the semi-ring forging 7 is clamped between the retaining plate 3 and the spring washer 5; a universal lifting ring 1 is provided at the other end of the main shaft 4, and a bearing 2 is provided on the universal lifting ring 1. The main shaft 4 is connected to the universal lifting ring 1 through the bearing 2; a steel wire rope passes through the universal lifting ring 1 for lifting and flipping the semi-ring forging 7; when lifting vertically, 2 such lifting devices are configured, and when lifting horizontally, 3 such lifting devices are configured.

[0025] The main shaft 4 is made of high-strength alloy steel with a tensile strength ≥ 800 MPa. The retaining plate 3 has a circular or polygonal structure with a diameter greater than 1.5 times the aperture of the drain hole 9. The elastic modulus of the spring washer 5 is 200 - 250 GPa, and the thickness is 5 - 8 mm. The nut 6 is a locknut with a thread specification of M30 - M50.

[0026] The bearing 2 of the universal lifting ring 1 is a self-lubricating ball bearing allowing 360° rotation. The breaking strength of the steel wire rope is more than 5 times the weight of the semi-ring forging 7. The safety factor of the lifting device ≥ 3.5. The main shaft 4 and the universal lifting ring 1 are connected through a shackle. The lifting device can be reused without damaging the surface of the semi-ring forging 7 after disassembly.

[0027] Composition and assembly of the lifting device:

[0028] Spindle 4 Selection: According to the aperture of the drain hole 9 of the semi-ring forging, the aperture of the drain hole 9 in this embodiment is Φ80mm, and a high-strength alloy steel spindle with a diameter of Φ78mm is selected, with its surface galvanized for corrosion prevention.

[0029] Installation of the retaining piece 3: Weld a circular retaining piece with a diameter of 120mm to one end of the spindle 4 to ensure its perpendicularity to the spindle 3.

[0030] Configuration of the spring washer 5 and the nut 6: Sleeve a spring steel washer with a thickness of 6mm and an M42 locknut in sequence, and tighten them with a torque wrench to the preset torque value: 500N·m to cause elastic deformation of the spring washer to form a stable clamping force.

[0031] Connection of the universal lifting ring 1: Connect the universal lifting ring 1 with a self-lubricating bearing to the end of the spindle 1 through a shackle, and select a wire rope with a breaking strength ≥ 75 tons to adapt to 15-ton forgings.

[0032] Lifting operation steps:

[0033] 1. Vertical lifting:

[0034] Symmetrically install two lifting devices on the drain holes 9 on the semi-ring forging;

[0035] Hook the wire rope with a crane, slowly lift and adjust the balance to ensure the vertical lifting of the forging.

[0036] 2. Horizontal lifting:

[0037] Install three lifting devices in a triangular distribution on the drain holes 9 on the forging;

[0038] Adjust the length of the wire rope to make the force evenly distributed, and start the crane to move the forging smoothly.

[0039] Safety verification

[0040] Adjust and calculate the safety factor of the lifting device through redundant design: The ratio of the tensile strength of the spindle: 800MPa to the maximum working stress: 230MPa is 3.48, meeting the requirement of ≥ 3.5.

[0041] Conduct a load test: Apply a static load of 1.25 times the rated load: 18.75 tons for 10 minutes, and check that all components have no deformation or loosening.

[0042] For the semi-ring forging of the low-pressure inner cylinder in this embodiment, with a weight of 15 tons and a drain hole of Φ80mm, use this device for lifting:

[0043] The vertical lifting takes 20 minutes, saving 3 hours compared with the traditional welding method; there is no damage to the surface of the forging after disassembly, and no repair is required; the single-lifting cost is reduced by 60%.

[0044] This device can be extended to the manufacturing fields of large forgings such as nuclear power and thermal power, and is especially suitable for the lifting of heavy components without special lifting lug structures, with comprehensive advantages of high efficiency, safety and economy.

[0045] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device, characterized in that: include: A main shaft (4) has a diameter adapted to the drain hole (9) of the semi-ring forging (7) and is used to penetrate the drain hole (9); a baffle (3) is sleeved on the main shaft (4) to limit the axial displacement of the semi-ring forging (7); a spring washer (5) and a nut (6) are sleeved on one end of the main shaft (4) in sequence, and the spring washer (5) is compressed and deformed by tightening the nut (6), so that the semi-ring forging (7) is clamped between the baffle (3) and the spring washer (5); a universal lifting ring (1) is arranged at the other end of the main shaft (4), a bearing (2) is arranged on the universal lifting ring (1), and the main shaft (4) is connected to the universal lifting ring (1) through the bearing (2); a steel wire rope passes through the universal lifting ring (1) to lift and flip the semi-ring forging (7); two of the lifting devices are configured for vertical lifting, and three of the lifting devices are configured for horizontal lifting.

2. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main shaft (4) is made of high-strength alloy steel with a tensile strength of ≥800 MPa.

3. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blocking piece (3) is a circular or polygonal structure, and its diameter is 1.5 times greater than the diameter of the hydrophobic hole (9).

4. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic modulus of the spring gasket (5) is 200-250 GPa, and the thickness is 5-8 mm.

5. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nut (6) is a locking nut with a thread specification of M30-M50.

6. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bearing (2) of the universal lifting ring (1) is a self-lubricating ball bearing, which allows 360° rotation.

7. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The breaking strength of the steel wire rope is more than 5 times the weight of the half-ring forging (7).

8. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The safety factor of the lifting device is ≥3.

5.

9. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The main shaft (4) and the universal lifting ring (1) are connected via a shackle.

10. The gigawatt-class low-pressure inner cylinder large component lifting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lifting device can be reused and will not damage the surface of the semi-ring forging (7) after disassembly.

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