Distributed liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer-acid / alkali active water integrated production equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to distributed liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer-acid / alkali active water integrated production equipment, which is characterized by comprising a plasma generator, the plasma generator is mainly used for exciting gas to generate NOx plasma and providing NOO gas for the water electrolysis machine 2; a water electrolysis machine; the electrolyzed water machine comprises two sub-machines, the sub-machine 1 is used for generating electrolyzed active water, the generated acidic active water is directly used as an agricultural disinfectant or insecticide, and the alkaline active water is used as a raw material for oxidizing the sub-machine 2 into high-valence nitrogen oxides; the sub-machine 2 is used for electrochemical oxidation, oxidizing low-valence nitrogen oxide into high-valence nitrogen oxide through an electrochemical means, and outputting liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer; the power supply is used for supplying power to the plasma generator and the sub-machine 1 and the sub-machine 2 in the water electrolysis machine; and the plasma generator and the water electrolysis machine are integrated in one set of equipment. By combining with a water electrolysis technology, the plasma nitrogen fixation equipment does not need to synthesize ammonia, can be directly used in agricultural scenes, can also be used for producing liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer, and improves the resource utilization rate of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural green production and efficient utilization of resources, and specifically relates to a distributed integrated device integrating electrolytic water production, plasma nitrogen fixation, liquid fertilizer synthesis and acidic water sterilization and preservation, which is applicable to modern agricultural planting, food storage and transportation, soil improvement, and green circular economy systems. Background Art

[0002] At present, to promote the green transformation of agriculture, there is an urgent need for energy-saving and emission-reducing fertilizer production technologies, including the application technologies of green energy in agrochemicals. At the same time, considering the characteristics of China's population and arable land distribution, distributed and intelligent devices are the key to improving agricultural production efficiency. However, the current cooperation between distributed new energy and agricultural production equipment is insufficient, restricting the development of agricultural modernization in remote and backward areas. Plasma nitrogen fixation technology cannot directly synthesize nitrogen fertilizer without coupling with electrochemical synthesis technology, but the coupling of the two technologies is still in the laboratory stage and is difficult to be directly combined with agricultural scenarios. On the other hand, the excessive use of traditional fertilizers has led to soil compaction and water eutrophication; the problem of pesticide residues threatens food safety, and existing preservation technologies rely on chemical reagents, posing health hazards.

[0003] Acidic-basic activated water generated by electrolyzing chloride salt solutions (sodium chloride solution or potassium chloride solution) has been widely and beneficially verified in industries such as agriculture, food, and medicine. In the agricultural field, acidic activated water is mainly used in intensive industrialized cultivation of organic fruits and vegetables, as well as in many subsequent links such as storage, transportation, and preservation, which can greatly reduce the usage amount of pesticides and hormones. However, the resource utilization rate of the alkaline activated water generated by electrolysis is still relatively low. Combining electrolytic water technology with air plasma nitrogen fixation to produce liquid fertilizers that are easy for crops to absorb and have no harm to soil residues will further increase the equipment income for farmers and reduce the country's overall dependence on high-energy-consuming fossil energy synthesis processes, which is a new type of productive force. Acidic electrolyzed water with oxidizing potential technology: Although it has a sterilization function, the alkaline water generated by electrolysis has not been fully developed and the resource utilization rate is low; Plasma nitrogen fixation technology: It relies on large industrial equipment, has high energy consumption and is difficult to be directly combined with agricultural scenarios; Liquid fertilizer production: Traditional processes rely on fossil energy synthesis and cannot achieve low-carbon and distributed applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to address the problems of existing acid electrolyzed water technology: although it has a sterilization function, the alkaline water generated by electrolysis has not been fully developed, resulting in low resource utilization; plasma nitrogen fixation technology: relying on large-scale industrial equipment, with high energy consumption and difficult to directly combine with agricultural scenarios; liquid fertilizer production: traditional processes rely on fossil energy synthesis, unable to achieve low-carbon and distributed applications. By using alkaline activated water, the efficiency of salt water electrolysis machines is further enhanced, and the problem that plasma nitrogen fixation technology cannot be directly applied to agricultural scenarios is solved, contributing to increased agricultural production and income. An integrated production device for distributed liquid nitrate-potassium fertilizer-acid / alkali activated water is invented, which only uses potassium chloride, water, and air as raw materials, has no harmful substance emissions, is environmentally friendly, has simple operation, is portable and intensive for a single device, has low energy consumption, has extremely high distributed characteristics, and can be used in combination with distributed power supply systems (distributed photovoltaics, wind energy, energy storage batteries, etc.), as well as its application method.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An integrated production device for distributed liquid nitrate-potassium fertilizer-acid / alkali activated water, characterized in that it includes:

[0007] A plasma generator; the plasma generator is mainly used to excite gas to generate NOx plasma and supply NOx gas to the electrolyzed water machine 2.

[0008] An electrolyzed water machine; the electrolyzed water machine includes two sub-machines. Sub-machine 1 is used to generate electrolyzed active water, and the generated acidic active water is directly used as an agricultural disinfectant or insecticide, and the alkaline active water is used as a raw material for sub-machine 2 to oxidize into high-valent nitrogen oxides; the sub-machine 2 is used for electrochemical oxidation, and by electrochemical means, low-valent nitrogen oxides are oxidized into high-valent nitrogen oxides and liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer is output.

[0009] A power supply, which is used to supply power to the plasma generator, sub-machine 1 and sub-machine 2 in the electrolyzed water machine.

[0010] The plasma generator and the electrolyzed water machine are integrated in a set of equipment.

[0011] Specifically, the excitation method of the plasma in the activator can be dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), arc discharge, microwave, radio frequency, glow, corona, etc.

[0012] Specifically, the gas source excited in the activator is air, or nitrogen, or a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen.

[0013] Specifically, the NO in the plasma x can be NO 2 , NO, N 2 O, N 2 O3 , N 2 O 4 , N 2 O 5 .

[0014] Preferably, the plasma uses arc discharge to excite air, mainly generating NO 2 gas.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrolyzed water sub-machine 1 includes an electrolysis power supply, a brine tank, an electrolytic cell, electrodes (cathode and anode), ion exchange membranes (anion exchange membrane and cation exchange membrane), a control and display module, valves, and pipe manifolds, etc.

[0016] Specifically, the brine in the brine tank is a potassium chloride solution.

[0017] Specifically, the concentration of the potassium chloride solution in the brine tank is from 0.1 mol / L to the saturation concentration.

[0018] Preferably, the potassium chloride concentration in the brine tank is the saturation concentration.

[0019] Furthermore, the electrolyzed water sub-machine 2 includes an electrolysis power supply, an electrolytic cell, electrodes (cathode and anode), a control and display module, valves, and pipe manifolds, etc.

[0020] Specifically, the brine in the electrolytic cell is a KNO x solution.

[0021] Specifically, the concentration of the KNO x solution in the electrolytic cell is from 0.01 mol / L to the saturation concentration.

[0022] Preferably, the concentration of the KNO x solution in the electrolytic cell is 0.01 mol / L - 0.1 mol / L.

[0023] On the other hand, the KNO x solution in the electrolytic cell of the electrolyzed water sub-machine 2 is produced by the following method: Mix the active nitrogen oxides (NO x ) gas generated by the plasma with the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (alkaline water) generated by the electrolyzed water sub-machine 1, and KNO x solution can be generated.

[0024] Furthermore, through the electrochemical advanced oxidation process of the electrolyzed water sub-machine 2, the KNO x solution is completely converted into KNO 3 solution, as a liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer.

[0025] On yet another hand, the acidic water (or called acidic electrolyzed water) synchronously generated by the electrolyzed water sub-machine 1 is used as a green and efficient disinfectant or insecticide.

[0026] The power supply of the integrated production equipment can be from the national power grid or from a distributed power grid. Preferably, it is powered by a distributed power grid.

[0027] Advantages of the present invention:

[0028] (1) By combining with the electrolyzed water technology, the plasma nitrogen fixation equipment does not need to synthesize ammonia (which has high energy consumption and is not yet mature), and can be directly used in agricultural scenarios.

[0029] (2) By combining with the plasma nitrogen fixation technology, the electrolyzed water equipment can not only directly produce acidic-alkaline active water, but also produce liquid nitrate-potassium fertilizer, improving the resource utilization rate of the equipment.

[0030] (3) Since the present invention can be made into a small-volume and low-power integrated machine, it can be powered by distributed energy and can be relatively easily portable. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the system composition of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0033] The structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have any technical substance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that can be covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear narration and are not used to limit the scope that can be implemented. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope that the present invention can be implemented.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown.

[0035] A distributed integrated production equipment for liquid nitrate-potassium fertilizer - acid / alkali active water, which includes the following parts:

[0036] The first part: a plasma generator (i.e., the plasma activator in Figure 1 , which can be directly purchased from the market or customized). The plasma generator is mainly used to excite gas to generate NO x plasma and supply NO xGas (the excited NOx plasma can be NO 2 , NO, N 2 O, N 2 O 3 , N 2 O 4 or N 2 O 5 ), or one or more of them); the excitation method of the plasma in the plasma generator is one or a combination of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), arc discharge, microwave, radio frequency, glow or corona; preferably, arc discharge is used in specific implementation to excite air to generate NO 2 gas. The arc discharge equipment is simple, easy to operate and low in cost. The gas source excited in the plasma generator is air, nitrogen or a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen; among them, the cost is the lowest when using air filtered through a filter, and it is more practical for on-site operation in rural areas.

[0037] Second part: Electrolyzed water machine; the electrolyzed water machine includes two sub-machines ( Figure 1 the electrolyzed water machines 1 and 2 in it, simply referred to as sub-machine 1 and sub-machine 2, can be directly purchased from the market or customized), and both sub-machines are installed in the corresponding brine.

[0038] Sub-machine 1 is used to generate electrolyzed active water. The generated acidic active water is directly used as an agricultural disinfectant or insecticide, and the alkaline active water is used as a raw material for sub-machine 2 to oxidize into high-valent nitrogen oxides. Sub-machine 1 in the electrolyzed water machine is placed in the corresponding potassium chloride brine tank. It usually includes an electrolytic cell, electrodes, ion exchange membranes, control and display modules, valves and pipe manifolds; the electrodes include a cathode and an anode, the ion exchange membranes include an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, the electrodes are connected to a power source, and the brine in the brine tank is a potassium chloride solution, and the molar concentration of the potassium chloride solution is 0.1 mol / L to the saturated concentration, preferably the saturated concentration; sub-machine 1 is connected with a water filtration and purification device for replenishing liquid, and the water filtration and purification device is connected to a tap water source.

[0039] Sub-machine 2 is used for electrochemical oxidation. By electrochemical means, low-valent nitrogen oxides are oxidized into high-valent nitrogen oxides and liquid nitrogen potassium fertilizers are output; sub-machine 2 is also placed in the brine tank. It includes an electrolytic power supply, an electrolytic cell, electrodes (cathode and anode), control and display modules, valves and pipe manifolds; the electrodes include a cathode and an anode, and the brine in the electrolytic cell is KNO x solution; the molar concentration of the KNO x solution is 0.01 mol / L to the saturated concentration; the molar concentration of the KNO x solution is preferably 0.01 mol / L - 0.1 mol / L; and the KNO xThe solution is formed by mixing the active nitrogen oxides (NO x ) gas generated by the plasma with the aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (alkaline water) produced by the sub-machine 1 of the electrolyzed water machine. The molar concentration of the KNO x solution is 0.01 mol / L - 0.1 mol / L. Through the electrochemical advanced oxidation process of the sub-machine 2 in the electrolyzed water machine, the KNO x solution is completely converted into the KNO 3 solution, which is used as a liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer.

[0040] The third part is the power supply, which is used to supply power to the plasma generator, the sub-machine 1 and the sub-machine 2 in the electrolyzed water machine, and also to supply power to the electrical facilities such as the PLC controller. It can be powered by mains electricity, solar photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and energy storage electricity (battery).

[0041] In the specific implementation of the present invention, the above three parts are integrated into a set of equipment, which can be carried or transported to the agricultural site for direct application. It can be used for disinfection and also for directly spreading water and fertilizer.

[0042] Example 1.

[0043] Electrolyzed water produces active water.

[0044] Specifically, open the tap water valve, and obtain deionized water through the water filtration and purification device;

[0045] Furthermore, the deionized water enters the anode tank and the cathode tank of the electrolyzed water sub-machine 1; at the same time, start the brine tank and start electrolysis;

[0046] Through the above operations, acidic active water is obtained in the anode tank; alkaline active water is obtained in the cathode tank;

[0047] Specifically, the main component of the acidic active water is HClO; the main component of the alkaline active water is KOH;

[0048] Specifically, the anodic reaction (oxidation reaction)

[0049] · Chloride ion oxidation:

[0050] 2Cl - →Cl 2 +2e -

[0051] The generated chlorine gas (Cl 2 ) reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl):

[0052]

[0053] · Water molecule oxidation:

[0054] 2H 2 O → O 2 ↑ + 4H + + 4e

[0055] Produces oxygen (O 2 ) and hydrogen ions (H + ), causing the pH in the anode region to decrease.

[0056] Specifically, the cathode reaction (reduction reaction)

[0057] · 2H 2 O + 2e - → H 2 ↑ + 2OH

[0058] Generates hydrogen (H 2 ) and hydroxide ions (OH - ), and the pH in the cathode region increases to be alkaline.

[0059] Specifically, the salt solution in the brine tank is a KCl solution with a concentration ranging from 0.1 mol / L to the saturated concentration

[0060] Specifically, the concentration of the HClO solution in the anode tank is about 10 - 100 ppm; the pH of the solution: 2.0 - 3.5;

[0061] Specifically, the concentration of the KOH solution in the cathode tank is about 10 - 100 ppm; the pH of the solution: 10.0 - 12.0;

[0062] Specifically, the electrolysis voltage is a DC voltage of 3 - 15 V, and the current density is 10 - 1000 mA / cm 2 .

[0063] Example 2.

[0064] Plasma activation produces NO x .

[0065] The plasma activation uses a "Soft Jet" pulsed plasma jet device

[0066] Specifically, the core components of the device include:

[0067] · Needle - shaped electrode: As the high - voltage electrode, surrounded by a quartz capillary (outer diameter 4.5 - 5.5 mm, inner diameter 1.8 - 2.2 mm).

[0068] · Metal nozzle: As the grounded electrode and gas outlet (outlet diameter 1.25 mm).

[0069] · Gas supply: Use high-purity dry air (purity ≥ 99.999%), with a flow rate range of 0.5–2.5 L min-1, regulated by a mass flow controller (MFC).

[0070] Specifically, voltage-current waveform and plasma power:

[0071] The single-pulse power is 5.0 - 5.2 W, the pulse duration is 0.75 μs, and the pulse interval is 5.2 μs.

[0072] Specifically, the main products after activation are NO and NO 2 .

[0073] Example 3.

[0074] Production of liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer (liquid nitrogen potassium fertilizer).

[0075] NO and NO generated by plasma activation 2 , are introduced into an aqueous KOH solution to form KNO 2 and KNO 3 mixed aqueous solution.

[0076] Specifically, the reaction includes:

[0077] Acid-base neutralization reaction: 2NO 2 + 2KOH → KNO 3 + KNO 2 + H 2 O

[0078] Reduction reaction of nitrogen dioxide: 3NO 2 + KOH → KNO 2 + NO + H 2 O

[0079] Furthermore, KNO in the mixed aqueous solution 2 , is anodically oxidized to KNO 3 by the electrolytic water sub-machine 2, thus forming a directly utilizable liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer. Anodic oxidation reaction: KNO 2 → KNO 3 + 2e -

[0080] During the reaction process, a very small amount of NO tail gas is carried into the plasma activator by air and recycled.

[0081] Specifically, the electrolytic voltage during the operation of the electrolytic water sub-machine 2 is 5 - 15 V, and the electrolytic current density is 20 - 2000 mA / cm2.

[0082] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and equivalent substitutions can be made. These technical solutions obtained by improving and making equivalent substitutions to the claims of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0083] Parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.

Claims

1. A distributed liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer-acid / alkali active water integrated production equipment, characterized in that: include: A plasma generator; the plasma generator is mainly used to excite the gas to generate NOx plasma and provide NOx gas to the water electrolysis machine 2; An electrolytic water machine; the electrolytic water machine comprises two sub-machines, sub-machine 1 is used to produce electrolytic active water, the acidic active water produced is directly used as an agricultural disinfectant or pesticide, and the alkaline active water is used as a raw material for sub-machine 2 to oxidize into high-valent nitrogen oxides; the sub-machine 2 is used for electrochemical oxidation, and through electrochemical means, low-valent nitrogen oxides are oxidized into high-valent nitrogen oxides and output as liquid nitrogen-potassium fertilizer; A power supply, which is used to supply power to the plasma generator, the sub-machine 1 and the sub-machine 2 in the water electrolysis machine; The plasma generator and the water electrolysis machine are integrated into a set of equipment.

2. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma in the plasma generator is excited by one or a combination of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), arc discharge, microwave, radio frequency, glow or corona; preferably, arc discharge is used to excite air and generate NO2 gas.

3. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas source excited in the plasma generator is air, nitrogen or a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen; the air is filtered by an air purifier and then input into the plasma generator.

4. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The NO x The plasma is NO2, NO, N2O, N2O3, N2O4 or N2O5.

5. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sub-machine 1 in the water electrolysis machine includes a brine tank, an electrolytic tank, electrodes, ion exchange membranes, a control and display module, valves and manifolds; the electrodes include a cathode and an anode, the ion exchange membranes include an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, the electrodes are connected to a power supply, the brine in the brine tank is a potassium chloride solution, the molar concentration of the potassium chloride solution is 0.1 mol / L to a saturated concentration, preferably a saturated concentration; the sub-machine 1 is connected to a water filtration and purification device for fluid replenishment, and the water filtration and purification device is connected to a tap water source.

6. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sub-machine 2 in the water electrolysis machine includes an electrolysis power supply, an electrolytic cell, electrodes (cathode and anode), a control and display module, a valve and a manifold; the electrodes include a cathode and an anode, and the salt water in the electrolytic cell is KNO x Solution; KNO x The molar concentration of the solution ranges from 0.01 mol / L to saturation concentration; KNO x The molar concentration of the solution is preferably 0.01mol / L-0.1mol / L; and the KNO in the electrolytic cell of the sub-machine 2 in the water electrolysis machine x The solution is the active nitrogen oxides (NO x ) gas is mixed with the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (alkaline water) produced by the water electrolysis sub-machine 1 to generate.

7. The integrated production equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: KNO x The molar concentration of the solution is 0.01mol / L-0.1mol / L.

8. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Through the electrochemical advanced oxidation process of the sub-machine 2 in the water electrolysis machine, KNO x The solution is completely converted into KNO3 solution, which serves as a liquid potassium nitrate fertilizer.

9. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acid water (or acidic oxidizing potential water) synchronously produced by the sub-machine 1 in the water electrolysis machine serves as a green and highly effective disinfectant or pesticide.

10. The integrated production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply is supplied by a national power grid or a distributed power grid, preferably a distributed power grid.

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