Thickened oil viscosity reducer

Abstract

The invention provides a thick oil viscosity reducer, and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical engineering. According to the technical scheme, alkylphenol or alkyl naphthol and solvent oil are mixed to serve as a first component, and the carbon chain length of alkyl and the optional range of the solvent oil are limited. On the basis, nitrilotriacetic acid, ammonium citrate, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate and other components are used as modifiers to be mixed with a surfactant, and a cosolvent and an auxiliary agent are added; wherein the cosolvent can be selected from ethylene glycol ether or polyoxyethylene alkylamine, and the auxiliary agent can be selected from triethanolamine or dodecanol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonate; urea or ammonium carbonate is innovatively introduced into the third component to serve as a regulator and is mixed with sulfonate and glycerin, and the viscosity reduction effect can be remarkably improved. Experimental verification shows that the static viscosity reduction rate of the viscosity reducer to high-viscosity crude oil can reach 99.42%-99.85%, and the static viscosity reduction rate is comprehensively superior to the static viscosity reduction rate average level of 98%-99% in the industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and particularly to a viscosity reducer for heavy oil. Background Art

[0002] A viscosity reducer for heavy oil is a chemical substance used to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil (high-viscosity crude oil). By reducing the flow resistance of heavy oil and improving its fluidity, the efficiency of oil extraction and transportation can be enhanced. Viscosity reducers for heavy oil are widely used in the processes of oil extraction, transportation, and processing. Especially in oilfields with rich heavy oil reserves, their role is crucial.

[0003] According to different action principles, viscosity reducers for heavy oil can be classified into surfactant-based, polymer-based, organic solvent-based, and heat-based viscosity reducers. Among them, surfactant-based viscosity reducers for heavy oil form a microemulsion structure by adsorbing surfactant molecules around heavy oil molecules, reducing the cohesive force between oil molecules, and thus reducing the viscosity of the oil. Common components include anionic, cationic, non-ionic, and amphoteric surfactants. Polymer-based viscosity reducers for heavy oil change the structure of the oil through physical and chemical actions to reduce its viscosity. Common components include polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. Such viscosity reducers are widely used in oilfield water injection and steam drive and other production processes. Organic solvent-based viscosity reducers for heavy oil dissolve resins and asphaltenes in heavy oil, thinning the oil and reducing its viscosity. Common components include aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, and ketone organic solvents. Such viscosity reducers are commonly used for pretreatment during heavy oil transportation. Heat-based viscosity reducers reduce the viscosity of heavy oil by heating and are applicable to production technologies at high temperatures such as steam flooding and in-situ combustion. In the prior art, the viscosity reduction performance of conventional viscosity reducers for heavy oil needs to be improved. Against this background, how to develop a viscosity reducer for heavy oil with better viscosity reduction effect has always been a technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to address the technical deficiencies of the prior art by providing a viscosity reducer for heavy oil to solve the technical problem that the viscosity reduction performance of conventional viscosity reducers for heavy oil needs to be improved.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A heavy oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component. Among them, the first component includes phenolic substances and solvent oil. The phenolic substances are alkylphenols or alkylnaphthols, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 8-14 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substances to the solvent oil is 1-5:20-50; the second component includes the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of surfactant, 8-10 parts of cosolvent, 3-6 parts of modifier, 6-10 parts of auxiliary agent. The surfactant is selected from one or several of the following components: sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium polyoxyethylene ether alkyl sulfate. The modifier is selected from one or several of the following components: disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, nitrilotriacetic acid, ammonium citrate, sodium potassium tartrate; the third component includes the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of sulfonate, 3-5 parts of regulator, 1-2 parts of glycerol. The sulfonate is selected from one or several of the following components: sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, α-olefin sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfonate. The regulator is selected from one or several of the following components: urea, ammonium carbonate; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 8-15:20-30:5-10.

[0006] Preferably, in the first component, the solvent oil is aromatic solvent oil, and the aromatic solvent oil is selected from one or several of the following components: toluene, xylene.

[0007] Preferably, in the first component, the solvent oil is paraffinic solvent oil or naphthenic solvent oil, and the boiling range of the solvent oil is 80-120 °C.

[0008] Preferably, in the first component, the dynamic viscosity of the solvent oil at 50 °C is not greater than 40 mPa·s.

[0009] Preferably, in the second component, the cosolvent is selected from one or several of the following components: ethylene glycol ether, polyoxyethylene alkylamine.

[0010] Preferably, in the second component, the auxiliary agent is selected from one or several of the following components: triethanolamine, sodium dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate.

[0011] Preferably, in the second component, the weight ratio of the surfactant, the cosolvent, the modifier and the auxiliary agent is 32:9:4.7:7.9.

[0012] Preferably, in the third component, the sulfonate is a mixture of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and α-olefin sulfonate mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2.5-3.5.

[0013] Preferably, in the third component, the weight ratio of sulfonate, regulator, and glycerol is 9.8:3.3:1.7.

[0014] Preferably, in the heavy oil viscosity reducer of the present invention, the weight ratio of the first component, the second component, and the third component is 11:23:8.

[0015] The present invention provides a heavy oil viscosity reducer. This technical solution uses alkylphenol or alkylnaphthol mixed with solvent oil as the first component, and limits the carbon chain length of the alkyl group and the optional range of the solvent oil. On this basis, components such as nitrilotriacetic acid, ammonium citrate, and potassium sodium tartrate are used as modifiers, mixed with surfactants, and a co-solvent and an auxiliary agent are added; among them, the co-solvent can be selected from ethylene glycol ether or polyoxyethylene alkylamine, and the auxiliary agent can be selected from triethanolamine or sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate; the third component innovatively introduces urea or ammonium carbonate as a regulator, mixed with sulfonate and glycerol, which can significantly improve the viscosity reduction effect. Experimental verification shows that the static viscosity reduction rate of the viscosity reducer of the present invention for high-viscosity crude oil can reach 99.42% - 99.85%, which is comprehensively better than the average static viscosity reduction rate of 98% - 99% in the industry. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a graph of the detection results of the static viscosity reduction rate of high-viscosity crude oil in each embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0017] The following will describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. To avoid excessive unnecessary details, the well-known structures or functions will not be described in detail in the following embodiments. The approximate language used in the following embodiments can be used for quantitative expressions, indicating that a certain change in quantity is allowed without changing the basic function. Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used in the following embodiments have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0018] Example 1 A heavy oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component, and a third component, characterized in that the first component includes phenolic substances and solvent oil, the phenolic substance is alkylphenol, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 8 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substance to the solvent oil is 1:20; the second component includes the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of surfactant, 8 parts of co-solvent, 3 parts of modifier, 6 parts of auxiliary agent, the surfactant is: sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, the modifier is: disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the third component includes the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of sulfonate, 3 parts of regulator, 1 part of glycerol, the sulfonate is: sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, the regulator is: urea; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component, and the third component is 8:20:5.

[0019] Collect the crude oil sample, and dehydrate the crude oil to a water content of 0.5% using a high-temperature dehydrator. Place the dehydrated crude oil in a constant temperature water bath at 50 °C and let it stand for 1 hour. After taking it out and stirring, immediately measure its viscosity, which is recorded as the original viscosity μ of the dehydrated crude oil. 0 . In this embodiment, μ 0 is 16,370 millipascal-seconds (mPa·s). Take 225 grams of the above-mentioned original dehydrated crude oil, add 25 grams of the heavy oil viscosity reducer of this embodiment, place the system in a constant temperature water bath at 50 °C and let it stand for 1 hour, then take it out and stir well, and test its viscosity, which is recorded as the viscosity μ after adding the heavy oil viscosity reducer. After two parallel test results, when the difference is not more than 3%, take the arithmetic mean of the two measurements as the determination result. Subsequently, the shear-free static viscosity reduction rate f of the present invention can be calculated according to the following formula: f = 100% × (μ 0 - μ) / μ 0 .

[0020] Where f is the shear-free static viscosity reduction rate; μ 0 is the original viscosity of the dehydrated crude oil sample at 50 °C, with the unit of mPa·S; μ is the viscosity after adding the viscosity reducer of this embodiment, with the unit of mPa·S.

[0021] The experimental results show that for the high-viscosity crude oil after adding the viscosity reducer of this embodiment, its viscosity μ drops to 87 mPa·S, and the static viscosity reduction rate reaches 99.46%, which is significantly higher than the average level of the static viscosity reduction rate in the industry of 98% - 99%.

[0022] Example 2 A heavy oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, characterized in that the first component comprises a phenolic substance and a solvent oil, the phenolic substance is alkylnaphthol, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 14 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substance to the solvent oil is 1:10; the second component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of a surfactant, 10 parts of a cosolvent, 6 parts of a modifier, 10 parts of an auxiliary agent, the surfactant is: polyoxyethylene ether alkyl sodium sulfate, the modifier is: potassium sodium tartrate; the third component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of a sulfonate, 5 parts of a regulator, 2 parts of glycerol, the sulfonate is: alkyl sulfonate sodium, the regulator is: ammonium carbonate; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 15:30:10. Detection shows that the static viscosity reduction rate of the viscosity reducer of this embodiment for high-viscosity crude oil reaches 99.53%.

[0023] Example 3 A viscous crude oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, characterized in that the first component comprises a phenolic substance and a solvent oil, the phenolic substance is alkylnaphthol, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 10 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substance to the solvent oil is 2:23; the second component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of a surfactant, 8.5 parts of a cosolvent, 3.3 parts of a modifier, 6 to 10 parts of an auxiliary agent, the surfactant is: sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and the modifier is: nitrilotriacetic acid; the third component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10.6 parts of a sulfonate, 4.1 parts of a regulator, 1.7 parts of glycerol, the sulfonate is: sodium α-olefin sulfonate, and the regulator is: urea; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 11:29:8.5. Tests show that the viscosity reducer in this example has a static viscosity reduction rate of 99.77% for high-viscosity crude oil.

[0024] Example 4 A viscous crude oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, characterized in that the first component comprises a phenolic substance and a solvent oil, the phenolic substance is alkylnaphthol, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 11 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substance to the solvent oil is 4:21; the second component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42 parts of a surfactant, 9.7 parts of a cosolvent, 5.5 parts of a modifier, 7.2 parts of an auxiliary agent, the surfactant is: sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and the modifier is: ammonium ethylenediamine citrate; the third component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11.3 parts of a sulfonate, 3.6 parts of a regulator, 1.8 parts of glycerol, the sulfonate is: sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, and the regulator is: ammonium carbonate; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 14:27:5. In the first component, the solvent oil is toluene, and the kinematic viscosity of the solvent oil at 50 °C is not more than 40 mPa·s; in the second component, the cosolvent is: ethylene glycol ether, and the auxiliary agent is: triethanolamine; in the third component, the sulfonate is a mixture of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium α-olefin sulfonate mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2.5. Tests show that the viscosity reducer in this example has a static viscosity reduction rate of 99.42% for high-viscosity crude oil.

[0025] Example 5 A viscous crude oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, characterized in that the first component comprises a phenolic substance and a solvent oil, the phenolic substance is an alkylphenol, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 9 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substance to the solvent oil is 4:35; the second component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of a surfactant, 9.9 parts of a co-solvent, 3.8 parts of a modifier, 7.8 parts of an auxiliary agent, the surfactant is: sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, the modifier is: disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; the third component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11.4 parts of a sulfonate, 4.6 parts of a regulator, 1.5 parts of glycerol, the sulfonate is: sodium α-olefin sulfonate, the regulator is: ammonium carbonate; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 10.7:24.2:8.7. In the first component, the solvent oil is xylene, and the kinematic viscosity of the solvent oil at 50 °C is not greater than 40 mPa·s; in the second component, the co-solvent is: polyoxyethylene alkylamine, the auxiliary agent is: sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate; in the third component, the sulfonate is a mixture of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium α-olefin sulfonate mixed in a molar ratio of 1:3.5. Tests show that the static viscosity reduction rate of the viscosity reducer in this example for high-viscosity crude oil reaches 99.85%.

[0026] Example 6 A viscous crude oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, characterized in that the first component comprises a phenolic substance and a solvent oil, the phenolic substance is an alkylphenol, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 13 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substance to the solvent oil is 1.7:48; the second component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of a surfactant, 8 parts of a co-solvent, 3.9 parts of a modifier, 9.7 parts of an auxiliary agent, the surfactant is: sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, the modifier is: potassium sodium tartrate; the third component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10.5 parts of a sulfonate, 4.2 parts of a regulator, 1.6 parts of glycerol, the sulfonate is: sodium alkyl sulfonate, the regulator is: urea; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 15:26:7.5. In the first component, the solvent oil is a paraffinic solvent oil, and the boiling range of the solvent oil is 95-98 °C; the co-solvent is: polyoxyethylene alkylamine, the auxiliary agent is: triethanolamine; in the third component, the sulfonate is a mixture of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium α-olefin sulfonate mixed in a molar ratio of 1:3. Tests show that the static viscosity reduction rate of the viscosity reducer in this example for high-viscosity crude oil reaches 99.71%.

[0027] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the above content is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the scope of the application of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy oil viscosity reducer, comprising a first component, a second component and a third component, characterized in that: The first component includes phenolic substances and solvent oil, the phenolic substances are alkylphenols or alkylnaphthols, the carbon chain length of the alkyl group is 8 to 14 carbon atoms, and the weight ratio of the phenolic substances to the solvent oil is 1 to 5:20 to 50; the second component includes the following components in parts by weight: 35 to 45 parts of surfactants, 8 to 10 parts of cosolvents, 3 to 6 parts of modifiers, and 6 to 10 parts of additives, the surfactants are selected from one or more of the following components: alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, polyoxyethylene ether alkyl sodium sulfate, the modifiers One or more of the following ingredients are selected: disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, aminotriacetic acid, ammonium citrate, potassium sodium tartrate; the third component includes the following ingredients in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of sulfonate, 3-5 parts of regulator, and 1-2 parts of glycerol, the sulfonate is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, sodium α-olefin sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, the regulator is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: urea, ammonium carbonate; the weight ratio of the first component, the second component, and the third component is 8-15:20-30:5-10.

2. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first component, the solvent oil is an aromatic solvent oil, and the aromatic solvent oil is selected from one or more of the following components: toluene and xylene.

3. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first component, the solvent oil is paraffin solvent oil or paraffin solvent oil, and the boiling range of the solvent oil is 80-120°C.

4. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first component, the dynamic viscosity of the solvent oil at 50° C. is not greater than 40 mPa·s.

5. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second component, the co-solvent is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: ethylene glycol ether, polyoxyethylene alkylamine.

6. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second component, the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: triethanolamine and sodium lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate.

7. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second component, the weight ratio of the surfactant, the cosolvent, the modifier and the auxiliary agent is 32:9:4.7:7.

9.

8. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the third component, the sulfonate is a mixture of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium α-olefin sulfonate in a molar ratio of 1:2.5 to 3.

5.

9. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the third component, the weight ratio of sulfonate, regulator and glycerin is 9.8:3.3:1.

7.

10. A heavy oil viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the heavy oil viscosity reducer, the weight ratio of the first component, the second component and the third component is 11:23:8.

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