Casing external optical cable positioning method and device suitable for perforation scene

Abstract

The invention provides a casing external optical cable positioning method and device suitable for a perforation scene. The corresponding method comprises the steps that an optical cable with a plurality of signal generators is put down to a target stratum between a casing and a well wall; a cable with a plurality of signal receivers is lowered to the position, horizontally corresponding to the target stratum, in the casing pipe; and the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve according to the plurality of signal receivers. According to the invention, the position and direction of the optical cable can be accurately determined, so that the method can be used for avoiding the position of the optical cable during perforation work to ensure that the optical cable is not damaged, thereby providing great help for perforation process monitoring and subsequent production monitoring of oil and gas wells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development, in particular to the technical field of formation physical parameter monitoring in oil and gas wells, and specifically relates to a method and device for positioning an optical cable outside a casing suitable for perforating scenarios. Background Art

[0002] Since the birth of seismic exploration technology in the 1930s, seismic recording instruments and seismic geophysical exploration technology have continued to develop. It is understandable that in the nearly 100 years of development of seismic geophysical exploration technology, seismic acquisition equipment is the key equipment of seismic geophysical exploration technology, and it complements the development of seismic geophysical exploration technology. Its technical level, performance indicators and application effects are directly related to the effect of seismic acquisition data.

[0003] With the change of exploration and development goals, seismic geophysical exploration technology has also developed in different directions, and the requirements for seismic acquisition equipment receiving systems have also changed greatly. In recent years, Distributed Fiber Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology has shown good application prospects in seismic exploration.

[0004] The principle of Distributed Fiber Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is to detect signals such as sound or vibration within the audio range by using the phase of coherent Rayleigh scattered light rather than light intensity. It can not only use the phase amplitude to provide intensity information of sound or vibration events, but also use linear quantitative measurement values ​​to obtain phase and frequency information of sound or vibration events.

[0005] In the DAS measurement process, the laser emits a light pulse along the optical fiber, and some light interferes with the incident light in the pulse in the form of backscattering. After the interference light is reflected back, the backscattered interference light returns to the signal processing device, and at the same time, the vibration sound wave signal along the optical fiber is brought to the signal processing device. Since the speed of light remains unchanged, the measurement result of the sound wave vibration per meter of optical fiber can be obtained. DAS can be applied to related fields such as oil exploration, oil and shale gas fracturing sound wave vibration process monitoring, etc.

[0006] There are two main ways to avoid DAS optical cables during the perforation process. One is to customize protectors and crawlers to locate by measuring gravity anomalies and magnetic field anomalies. The other is to add a signal generator when lowering the optical cable and determine the position of the optical cable by measuring the signal generated by the signal generator. The signal generator is powered by a battery and requires the positioning measurement to be completed within one to two weeks after the optical cable is lowered. Both methods have insufficient measurement accuracy, and the optical fiber breakage rate is high, which invisibly increases the production cost and affects the application of DAS technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention belongs to the technical field of exploration and monitoring in oil and gas wells. An object of the present invention is to determine the precise azimuth of the optical cable at different depths, so as to avoid the optical cable during the perforation construction process and ensure that the optical fiber cores in the optical cable are not shot off.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario are realized. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario are realized.

[0009] To solve the technical problems in the background art of the present application, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario, including:

[0011] Lower an optical cable having a plurality of signal generators to a target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall;

[0012] Lower a cable having a plurality of signal receivers to a position horizontally corresponding to the target formation inside the casing;

[0013] The plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, including:

[0015] The plurality of signal generators emit a plurality of positioning signals;

[0016] The plurality of signal receivers receive the plurality of positioning signals and determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of positioning signals.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of positioning signals, including:

[0018] Two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding to between the two signal receivers according to the energy values of the plurality of positioning signals received;

[0019] The two adjacent signal receivers determine the corresponding signal generator according to the depth;

[0020] The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve within the depth according to the positioning signals emitted by the corresponding signal generator.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present invention, the two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve within the depth according to the positioning signals emitted by the corresponding signal generator, including:

[0022] The first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the first positioning signal emitted by the first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0023] The second signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the second positioning signal emitted by the second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0024] The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve within the depth according to the first axial position and the second axial position.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the first positioning signal emitted by the first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction, including:

[0026] The first signal receiver determines the first phase of the first signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the first positioning signal;

[0027] The first signal receiver determines the first axial position according to the first phase;

[0028] The second signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the second positioning signal emitted by the second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction, including:

[0029] The second signal receiver determines the second phase of the second signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the second positioning signal;

[0030] The second signal receiver determines the second axial position according to the second phase.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, before the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, cement is filled in the target formation between the casing and the wellbore, and the cement is in a cemented state.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, when two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding to the two signal receivers according to the energy values of the received plurality of positioning signals, it includes:

[0033] The cable calibrates the positions of the plurality of signal receivers to determine the depths of the plurality of signal receivers;

[0034] The two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding to the two signal receivers according to their own depths and the energy values of the plurality of positioning signals;

[0035] After the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, it further includes:

[0036] Performing perforation on the target formation according to the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing.

[0037] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to a perforation scenario, and the device includes:

[0038] An optical cable lowering module for lowering an optical cable having a plurality of signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore;

[0039] A cable lowering module for lowering a cable having a plurality of signal receivers to a position horizontally corresponding to the target formation inside the casing;

[0040] An optical cable axial position determination module for the plurality of signal generators to determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable axial position determination module includes:

[0042] A positioning signal emitting unit for the plurality of signal generators to emit a plurality of positioning signals;

[0043] A positioning signal receiver for the plurality of signal receivers to receive the plurality of positioning signals and determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of positioning signals.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, the positioning signal receiver includes:

[0045] An optical cable depth determination unit, configured to determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding to between two adjacent signal receivers according to the energy values of a plurality of positioning signals received by the two adjacent signal receivers;

[0046] A signal generator determination unit, configured to determine corresponding signal generators according to the depth by the two adjacent signal receivers;

[0047] An axial position determination unit, configured to determine the axial position of the optical cable in the depth relative to the casing by the two adjacent signal receivers according to the positioning signals emitted by the corresponding signal generators;

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the axial position determination unit includes:

[0049] A first axial position determination unit, configured to determine the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the casing by a first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers according to a first positioning signal emitted by a first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0050] A second axial position determination unit, configured to determine the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the casing by a second signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers according to a second positioning signal emitted by a second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0051] An axial position determination subunit, configured to determine the axial position of the optical cable in the depth relative to the casing by the two adjacent signal receivers according to the first axial position and the second axial position;

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first axial position determination unit includes:

[0053] A first phase determination unit, configured to determine a first phase of the first signal generator relative to the casing by the first signal receiver according to the first positioning signal;

[0054] A first axial position determination subunit, configured to determine the first axial position by the first signal receiver according to the first phase;

[0055] The second axial position determination unit includes:

[0056] A second phase determination unit, configured to determine a second phase of the second signal generator relative to the casing by the second signal receiver according to the second positioning signal;

[0057] A second axial position determination subunit, configured to determine the second axial position by the second signal receiver according to the second phase;

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, for an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to a perforation scenario, before the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, cement is filled in the target formation between the casing and the wellbore, and the cement is in a cemented state.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable depth determination unit includes:

[0060] A signal receiver position calibration unit, configured to calibrate the positions of the plurality of signal receivers by the cable to determine the depths of the plurality of signal receivers;

[0061] An optical cable depth determination subunit, configured to determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between two adjacent signal receivers according to the depths of the two adjacent signal receivers and the energy values of the plurality of positioning signals;

[0062] An optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to a perforation scenario further includes:

[0063] A target formation perforation module, configured to perforate the target formation according to the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing.

[0064] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions, and when the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of an optical cable positioning method applicable to a perforation scenario are implemented.

[0065] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the steps of an optical cable positioning method applicable to a perforation scenario are implemented.

[0066] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of an optical cable positioning method applicable to a perforation scenario are implemented.

[0067] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention provide an optical cable positioning method and device applicable to a perforation scenario. The corresponding optical cable positioning method applicable to a perforation scenario includes: First, an optical cable having a plurality of signal generators is lowered to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore; Next, a cable having a plurality of signal receivers is lowered to a position horizontally corresponding to the target formation inside the casing; Finally, the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers.

[0068] The corresponding optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario includes: an optical cable lowering module for lowering an optical cable with multiple signal generators to a target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall; a cable lowering module for lowering a cable with multiple signal receivers to a position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation; and an optical cable axial position determination module for multiple signal generators to determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing based on multiple signal receivers.

[0069] The present invention solves the problems of receiving and identifying positioning signals in the perforation scenario. The provided positioning signal receiving method, signal receiving device, and optoelectronic position calculation method are quite different from the prior art. According to the present invention, the position and direction of the optical cable can be determined, and then it can be used to avoid the position of the optical cable during perforation work to ensure that the optical cable is not damaged, which is of great help for perforation process monitoring and subsequent production monitoring of oil and gas wells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0071] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to the perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 It is a schematic flowchart of step 300 of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to the perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of a signal generator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of a signal receiver in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 5 It is a schematic flowchart of step 302 of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to the perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 6 It is a schematic flowchart of step 3023 of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to the perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 7 It is a schematic flowchart of step 30231 of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to the perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 8 It is a schematic flow chart of step 30232 of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 9 It is a schematic flow chart of step 3021 of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 10 It is another schematic flow chart of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 11 It is a block diagram of an optical cable positioning system in the specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 12 It is a block diagram of a positioning signal generation control unit in the specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 13 It is a block diagram of a positioning signal reception control unit in the specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 14 It is a schematic mechanical structure diagram of a signal reception unit in the specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 15 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in the specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 16 It is a block diagram of a device for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 17 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation manner

[0088] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0089] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0090] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the drawings and combine the embodiments to detail this application.

[0091] In the technical solution of this application, the acquisition, storage, use, processing, etc. of data all comply with the relevant regulations of laws and regulations.

[0092] Embodiment 1:

[0093] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation manner of a method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario. Refer to Figure 1 , and the specific content is as follows:

[0094] Step 100: Lower an optical cable with multiple signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall;

[0095] Step 200: Lower a cable with multiple signal receivers to a position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation;

[0096] Step 300: The multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple signal receivers.

[0097] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario, including: First, lower an optical cable with multiple signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall; then, lower a cable with multiple signal receivers to a position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation; finally, the multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple signal receivers.

[0098] The present invention solves the problems of receiving and identifying positioning signals in perforation scenarios. The provided positioning signal receiving method, signal receiving device, and optoelectronic position calculation method are quite different from the prior art. According to the present invention, the position and direction of the optical cable can be determined, and then it can be used to avoid the position of the optical cable during perforation work to ensure that the optical cable is not damaged, which is of great help for perforation process monitoring and subsequent production monitoring of oil and gas wells.

[0099] Embodiment 2:

[0100] For step 100, the distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system is a technology for detecting acoustic signals based on optical fiber transmission. It uses an optical fiber as a sensor to sense changes in acoustic signals and can monitor and locate acoustic events in real time.

[0101] The working principle of the DAS system is to convert optical signals into acoustic signals by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical fiber. When an acoustic wave passes through the optical fiber, it will cause changes in the phase and amplitude of the optical signal in the optical fiber. By using the transmission loss and interference principle of the optical fiber, the changes in the optical signal can be measured and converted into acoustic signals.

[0102] The DAS system has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high resolution, and wide frequency response. It can monitor changes in acoustic signals in real time and provide accurate positioning information. The DAS system can also achieve monitoring and analysis of a large area through the network connection of multiple optical fiber sensors. In the safety monitoring of oil and gas pipelines, the DAS system can detect abnormal conditions such as pipeline leaks and ruptures, improving safety and efficiency.

[0103] The distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system has good application prospects in oil and gas exploration, development, and production monitoring. Compared with traditional geophones, it has significant advantages. It can conduct full-hole section observations, greatly improving the construction efficiency. It has a larger temperature tolerance range and a wider application range, and can be applied to the detection of ultra-deep wells. Especially for the buried optical cable outside the casing, it can be applied throughout the entire life cycle of the oil and gas well.

[0104] However, when setting the buried optical cable outside the casing, two problems need to be solved. One is to protect the optical fiber core from being damaged during construction. This is mainly achieved by adding multiple protective sleeves (referred to as optical fiber sleeves later) outside the optical cable core and then encapsulating and molding with polymers such as polypropylene that have high temperature resistance, strong compressive strength, and good toughness. The other is how to accurately detect the direction and position of the optical cable after it is lowered into the well to avoid shooting and breaking the optical cable during the perforation process. Due to the inaccurate detection accuracy of the buried optical cable outside the casing, the popularization and application of this technology are restricted.

[0105] In addition, for Step 100 and Step 200, multiple signal generators need to be sequentially arranged on the optical cable along the length direction of the optical cable, and the optical cable is lowered to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall (i.e., it is not necessary to be arranged in the entire well section). Multiple signal receivers also need to be sequentially arranged on the cable along the length direction of the cable in advance, and the cable is lowered to the depth corresponding to the horizontal direction (preferably the formation strike direction) of the target formation.

[0106] For Step 300, multiple signal receivers determine the axial position of the corresponding optical cable relative to the casing according to the positioning signals emitted by the corresponding signal generators, so as to split the axial position during the subsequent perforation operation.

[0107] This application has the following explanation for the axial position in Step 300. The casing is divided into 360° in the vertical direction (perpendicular to the target formation strike) (of course, other angle divisions can also be made, such as dividing it into 12 equal parts, and this application is not limited thereto). This axial position is the angular range where the optical cable is located within 0 - 360°.

[0108] In some embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Step 300 includes:

[0109] Step 301: The multiple signal generators emit multiple positioning signals;

[0110] Refer to Figure 3 , the signal generator (GU2) is composed of a main controller GM21, a communication control module GM22, an uplink interface module GM23, a downlink interface module GM24, a signal generation module GM25, a signal output module GM26, and a storage module GM27.

[0111] The controller GM21 is the control center of the signal generator (GU2). It receives instructions from the signal generation control unit (GU1) through the communication module GM22 and executes corresponding functions. The main functions include setting the unit number of this device. The controller GM21 starts the vibration signal generation module GM25 to work according to the received instructions, and then the signal is output by the signal drive output module GM26. The storage module GM27 is used to store the relative position information, number, and other information of this unit.

[0112] The communication control module GM22 mainly has the following functions: receiving signals from the signal generation control unit or the previous - stage signal generator through the uplink interface module GM23 and transmitting them to the controller GM21; receiving the instructions of the controller GM21 to set the on - off of the data channel; transmitting the instructions of the controller GM21 to the next - stage signal generator (GU2) through the downlink interface module GM24.

[0113] The upstream interface module GM23 is connected to the previous-level power supply, converts the signals of the signal generation control unit (GU1) or the previous-level signal generator (GU2) in terms of level and then transmits them to the communication control module GM22, or converts the signals of the communication control module GM22 in terms of level and then transmits them to the signal generation control device (GU1) or the previous-level signal generator (GU2).

[0114] The downstream interface module GM24 provides power for the subsequent signal generator (GU2), converts the signals of the communication control module GM22 in terms of level and then transmits them to the next-level signal generator (GU2), and receives the signals of the next-level signal generator (GU2), converts them in terms of level and then transmits them to the communication control module GM22.

[0115] The signal generation module GM25 generates signals containing the information of this device according to the instructions of the controller GM21 and outputs them through the signal drive output module M26.

[0116] The storage module GM27 is used to store the relative position information, number, and other information of this unit.

[0117] Step 302: The multiple signal receivers receive the multiple positioning signals and determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve according to the multiple positioning signals.

[0118] See Figure 4 , the signal receiver (RU2) mainly includes a controller RM21, a communication module RM22, a communication interface RM23, a storage module RM24, a signal drive conversion module RM25, and a sensing module RM6.

[0119] The controller RM21 is the control center of the signal receiver (RU2), receives commands and information from the signal reception control unit (RU1) through the communication module RM22 and the communication interface RM23, and uploads the collected information after processing; stores relevant information through the storage module RM24; generates drive signals through the signal drive conversion module RM25 and the drive sensing module RM26, and stores the collected data in the memory.

[0120] The communication control module RM22 mainly has the following functions: receives the signals from the signal reception control unit through the upstream interface module RM23 and transmits them to the controller RM21; transmits the signals of the controller RM21 to the upstream interface module RM23 for uploading.

[0121] The upstream interface module RM23 is connected to the previous-level power supply. It converts the signals from the signal generation control unit (RU1) or the previous-level signal generation unit (RU2) and transmits them to the communication control module RM22 after level conversion. Or it converts the signals from the communication control module RM22 and transmits them to the signal reception control device (RU1) after level conversion.

[0122] The signal drive conversion module RM25 has two functions. One is to receive the commands from the controller RM21, generate a level start signal, and drive the sensing module RM26 to perform energy conversion and output vibration signals. The second function is to receive the level signals output by the sensing module RM26, convert these signals into digital signals, and transmit them to the controller RM21 for storage in the memory RM24.

[0123] The sensing module RM26 has three functions. The first is to convert the level signals from the signal drive conversion module RM25 into vibration signals. The second function is to receive the vibration signals, convert the vibration signals into level signals, and transmit them to the signal drive conversion module RM25 for analog-to-digital conversion. The third function is to measure the pressure between the support arm and the inner wall of the casing.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 5 , step 302 includes:

[0125] Step 3021: Two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers according to the energy values of the multiple positioning signals received.

[0126] The first signal receiver among two adjacent signal receivers (for example, the signal receiver above in the wellbore depth) selects the one with the largest energy value (amplitude) from the multiple positioning signals emitted by the multiple signal generators it receives. This must be the signal generator closest to the first signal receiver, and it locates it to obtain its depth. Similarly, the second signal receiver also locates the corresponding signal generator to obtain its depth. By taking the difference between the two obtained depths, the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers is obtained.

[0127] Step 3022: The two adjacent signal receivers determine the corresponding signal generators according to the depth.

[0128] According to the pre-set optical cable lowering rule, each signal generator has its respective approximate depth, that is, the number of each signal generator is related to the depth where it is located. According to this relationship, the number of the corresponding signal generator can be determined according to the depth of the optical cable.

[0129] Step 3023: The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable within the depth relative to the sleeve according to the positioning signals emitted by the corresponding signal generators.

[0130] Based on Step 3022, according to the determined numbers of the signal generators, the first signal receiver can reconfirm the positioning signal emitted by the signal generator closest to it. Similarly, the second signal receiver can also determine the positioning signal emitted by the signal generator closest to it. According to these two positioning signals and the depth of the optical cable determined in Step 3021, the axial position of the optical cable corresponding to this depth segment relative to the sleeve can be determined.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 , Step 3023 includes:

[0132] Step 30231: The first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the first positioning signal emitted by the first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0133] Step 30232: The second signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the second positioning signal emitted by the second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0134] Step 30233: The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable within the depth relative to the sleeve according to the first axial position and the second axial position.

[0135] In some embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 7 , Step 30231 includes:

[0136] Step 302311: The first signal receiver determines the first phase of the first signal generator relative to the sleeve according to the first positioning signal;

[0137] Step 302312: The first signal receiver determines the first axial position according to the first phase;

[0138] Specifically, the phase demodulation technology is used to convert the phase signal into the axial position. Specifically, it can be achieved by calculating the phase difference, the phase change rate, or the phase period.

[0139] In some embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 8 , Step 30232 includes:

[0140] Step 302321: The second signal receiver determines the second phase of the second signal generator relative to the casing according to the second positioning signal;

[0141] Step 302322: The second signal receiver determines the second axial position according to the second phase.

[0142] Specifically, phase demodulation technology is used to convert the phase signal into an axial position. Specifically, it can be achieved by calculating the phase difference, phase change rate, or phase period.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present invention, before step 300 is implemented, it is necessary to inject cement at the target formation between the casing and the wellbore, and wait for the cement to be in a cemented state before implementing step 300.

[0144] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 9 , step 3021 includes:

[0145] Step 30211: The cable calibrates the positions of the multiple signal receivers to determine the depths of the multiple signal receivers;

[0146] Similar to cable depth correction, preferably, the multiple signal receivers are arranged at the same intervals of depth from top to bottom according to the cable depth, such as 2000m, 1995m, 1990m...

[0147] Step 30212: The two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers according to their own depths and the energy values of the multiple positioning signals.

[0148] Based on step 30211, the signal receiver determines the distance between the signal generator and itself according to the measured energy value of the positioning signal, and then combines its own depth to determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers.

[0149] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 10 , a method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario, after step 300, further includes:

[0150] Step 400: Perforate the target formation according to the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing.

[0151] It is understandable that perforation is to create holes in the oil wellbore so that oil can flow from the oil reservoir into the wellbore and finally be extracted to the ground. The main purpose of oil well perforation is to enable oil to enter the wellbore through the holes for extraction to the ground. Perforation can also be used to increase the contact area between the oil well and the oil reservoir and improve the oil production efficiency. Oil well perforation is usually achieved using a perforating gun. A perforating gun is a device equipped with explosives or perforating charges, which creates holes by detonating explosives or firing perforating charges in the wellbore. The perforating gun can be triggered by electrical signals, perforating tubes, or pressure pulses. Perforation design is the process of determining the perforation positions and parameters. The perforation positions are usually selected at specific locations in the oil reservoir to ensure effective contact with the oil layer. Perforation parameters include perforation density, perforation length, and perforation diameter, etc. Perforation evaluation is the process of inspecting and evaluating the perforation effect. This can be achieved by measuring the production rate and pressure of the oil well fluid, using logging tools to detect the holes, etc. Perforation evaluation can help determine the perforation quality and the productivity of the oil well.

[0152] Embodiment 3:

[0153] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a specific embodiment of an outer-casing optical cable positioning method applicable to perforation scenarios, which specifically includes the following content.

[0154] In the prior art, when placing downhole permanent optical cables in oil and gas exploration and development, two main problems need to be solved. One is to protect the optical fiber core from damage during construction, mainly by adding multiple layers of protective sleeves (hereinafter referred to as optical fiber sleeves) outside the optical cable core, placing them near the center of the optical cable, and then encapsulating and forming them with polymers such as polypropylene that have high temperature resistance, strong compressive strength, and good toughness. The other is how to detect the direction and position of the optical cable after it is lowered into the well. The existing common practice is to add a signal generating device near the optical cable, and determine the position of the optical cable by detecting the position of the signal generating device. However, the related methods for realizing signal detection are blank in the prior art. The present invention determines the position and direction of the optical cable by solving the composition of the signal receiving system, the components of the receiving device, and the method for judging the position of the optical cable, so as to avoid the position of the optical cable during perforation work to ensure that the optical cable is not damaged and is used for process monitoring and subsequent production monitoring.

[0155] First, the present invention provides an optical cable positioning system. Refer to Figure 11 , the optical cable positioning system includes a positioning signal generating system (G) and a positioning signal receiving system (R). The positioning signal generating system (G) is used to generate positioning signals, and the positioning signal receiving system (R) is used to generate positioning signals and determine the optical cable position information at different depths according to the received positioning signals.

[0156] The positioning signal generation system (G) mainly consists of a signal generation control unit (GU1), several signal generation units (GU2), and multiple connection cables (GU3). The functions of the signal generation control unit (GU1) are described in detail in Appendix Figure 2 and the functions of the signal generation units (GU2) are described in detail in Appendix Figure 3 . The connection cables are used for communication and power transmission between the signal generation units (GU2) and between the signal generation units (GU2).

[0157] The positioning signal reception system (R) mainly consists of a signal reception control unit (RU1), a signal reception unit (RU2), and a logging cable (RU3). The functions of the signal reception control unit (RU1) are described in detail in Appendix Figure 4 and the functions of the signal reception unit (RU2) are described in detail in Appendix Figure 5 . The logging cable is used for communication and power transmission between the signal reception control unit (RU1) and the signal reception unit (RU2).

[0158] See Figure 12 . The signal generation control unit (GU1) consists of a main controller GM11, a subsystem communication module GM12, a subsystem communication interface GM13, a downlink communication module GM14, a downlink communication interface GM15, and a storage module GM16.

[0159] The main controller GM11 is the control center of the signal generation control unit (GU1). It communicates with the positioning signal reception system (R) through the subsystem communication module GM12 via the subsystem communication interface GM13. It outputs through the downlink communication module GM14 via the downlink communication interface GM15 and is connected to the signal generation unit (GU2) through the connection cable GM3 to supply power and send commands to the signal generation unit (GU2) in the well. The storage module GM16 is used to store the relative position information, numbers, and other information of all the connected signal generation units (GU2) within the system.

[0160] See Figure 13 . The signal reception control unit (RU1) consists of a main controller RM11, a display module RM12, an input module RM13, a storage module RM14, a subsystem communication module RM15, a subsystem output interface RM16, a downlink communication module RM17, and an output interface RM18.

[0161] The main controller RM11 is the control center of the signal receiving control unit (RU1); it displays information through the display module RM12; it conducts local human-machine interaction conversations through the input module RM13 to input instructions and information; it communicates with the positioning signal generation system (R) through the subsystem communication module RM15 via the subsystem communication interface RM16; it outputs through the downlink communication module RM17 via the downlink communication interface RM18, and is connected to the signal receiving unit (RU2) through the logging cable RM3 to supply power to and send commands to the downhole signal receiving unit (RU2). The storage module GM14 is used to store the numbers, depth information, direction information, and other information of all signal generation units (GU2) connected within the system.

[0162] See Figure 14 , which shows the mechanical structure part of the signal receiving unit. Each signal receiving unit (RU2) includes multiple groups of signal drive conversion modules RM25 and sensing modules RM6, and the signal drive conversion modules RM25 and sensing modules RM6 are used in combination. Attached Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure given by taking twelve groups of sensing modules as an example.

[0163] Component R21 represents the inner diameter of the casing, shown as a schematic diagram with the support arms fully opened. In actual work, the opening angle is generally not greater than 45°. R22XX is the mounting bracket for the sensing module RM6, which is arc-shaped near the inside of the casing to improve the coupling performance. R23XX is the support arm, whose length is greater than the radius R21 of the casing. After opening, it can make R22XX and R21 fit more closely. R24 is the outer diameter connecting the support arm R23XX, and R25 is set as the maximum outer diameter of the mechanical part of the device. The circuit board is installed inside the cylinder.

[0164] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario, including: First, an optical cable with multiple signal generators is lowered to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall; then, a cable with multiple signal receivers is lowered to a position horizontally corresponding to the target formation inside the casing; finally, multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to multiple signal receivers.

[0165] The present invention calculates the azimuth and depth of the optical cable by receiving the time difference of the same phase arriving at different receiving points, and then determines the precise azimuth of the optical cable at different depths, so as to ensure avoiding the optical cable during the perforation construction process and ensuring that the optical fiber cores inside the optical cable are not shot off, for later oil and gas exploration and measurement.

[0166] Based on the above optical cable positioning system, see Figure 15 , the specific implementation manner of a method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0167] S1: Connect the signal receiving control unit (RU1) and the signal receiving unit (RU2) using a logging cable (RU3) for testing to ensure the normal operation of the positioning signal receiving system (R).

[0168] It should be noted that before performing step S1, the following preparatory work also needs to be carried out. The optical cable positioning system generates detectable signals by placing devices near the optical cable outside the casing, then places receiving devices inside the casing to receive the signals, analyzes the signals, and determines the position of the optical cable. It includes a positioning signal generating system (G) and a positioning signal receiving system (R). The positioning signal generating system (G) is used to generate positioning signals, and the positioning signal receiving system (R) is used to generate positioning signals and determine the optical cable position information at different depths based on the received positioning signals.

[0169] First, when the casing of the target well section to be detected starts to be lowered into the well, use a customized casing centralizer to fix the positioning signal generating unit and the optical cable around the collar, and then fix the positioning signal generating unit and the optical cable at each subsequent collar. After completion, first test the optical cable to ensure that the fiber core meets the technical requirements, and then use the signal generating control unit (GU1) to test all the positioning signal generating units (GU2), assign a device number to each positioning signal generating unit (GU2), and record the numbers of each positioning signal generating unit (GU2) and the corresponding well depths. After completing the cementing and conventional logging work and before the perforation construction, carry out the work of measuring the position of the optical cable outside the casing.

[0170] S2: Lower the signal receiving unit (RU2) into the well using a cable car.

[0171] First, hang the signal receiving unit (RU2) at the wellhead, perform depth zero calibration, set the cable car depth to zero, and then release the cable to lower it into the well.

[0172] S3: When the signal receiving unit (RU2) reaches the position of the first signal generating unit (GU2), measure the position of the optical cable at the depth where the first signal generating unit (GU2) is installed, and record the depth and position (direction) information.

[0173] S4: Repeat step S3. When the signal receiving unit (RU2) reaches the position of each signal generating unit (GU2), measure the position of the optical cable corresponding to that depth, record the depth and position (direction) information at that point, until all the depth and position (direction) information corresponding to the points where the signal generating units (GU2) are installed is measured, forming an optical cable depth and position (direction) correspondence information table. During the perforation construction process, use directional perforation technology to avoid the optical cable during perforation to ensure the safety of the optical cable from being affected by perforation, so as to use the optical cable to monitor the construction process, quality, and later production.

[0174] Further, here, taking the example of measuring the position (direction) of the optical cable corresponding to the depth of the first signal generating unit (GU2), step S3 is explained as follows:

[0175] A1: Lower the signal receiving unit (RU2) to the same depth as the first signal generating unit (GU2).

[0176] A2: Turn on the power supplies of the positioning signal generating system (G) and the positioning signal receiving system (R) until the system initialization is completed.

[0177] A3: Open the support arms R2201 - R2212 of the measurement signal receiving unit (RU2) until they are all fully extended.

[0178] A4: Detect the pressure between the support arms R2201 - R2212 and the inner wall of the casing. The one with the maximum pressure indicates that this support arm is at the bottom. Record the number R22mn of the sensing module and upload it to the positioning signal receiving control unit (RU2).

[0179] A5: After receiving the number R22mn of the bottom - most sensing module, the positioning signal receiving control unit (RU1) records it.

[0180] A6: The positioning signal receiving control unit (RU1) sends a command to the positioning signal generating control unit (GU1) to start the first signal generating unit (GU2) to generate a signal, and at the same time issues a command to the signal receiving unit (RU2) to receive the signal.

[0181] A7: After receiving this command, the positioning signal generating control unit (GU1) issues a command to the first signal generating unit (GU2), and the first signal generating unit (GU2) immediately generates a signal upon receiving the command.

[0182] A8: After receiving the signal receiving command, the signal receiving unit (RU2) starts to receive the signals of the sensing modules RM26xx, converts them into digital signals, and stores them.

[0183] A9: After the signal receiving unit (RU2) finishes receiving the signals, it transmits the digital signals of the twelve sensing modules to the positioning signal receiving control unit (RU1).

[0184] A10: The positioning signal receiving control unit (RU1) processes the received data, determines which sensing module the optical cable is close to based on the arrival time of the direct - wave phase, and then determines the specific position (direction) of the optical cable based on the bottom - most sensing module and records it.

[0185] A11: Repeat steps A6 - A10 multiple times. When two-thirds of the determined optical cable positions are the same, take this position as the position (direction) of the optical cable at this depth point. Otherwise, continue to repeat steps A6 - A10.

[0186] A12: Record the depth and optical cable position information to complete the measurement of the optical cable position (direction) at this depth.

[0187] As can be seen from the above description, a specific application example of the present invention provides an optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario, including: First, lower the optical cable with multiple signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall; then, lower the cable with multiple signal receivers to the position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation; finally, determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to multiple signal receivers by multiple signal generators.

[0188] The present invention calculates the azimuth and depth of the optical cable through the time difference of the same phase at different receiving points, and then determines the azimuth of the optical cable at different depths, so as to avoid the optical cable during the perforation construction process, ensure that the optical fiber cores in the optical cable are not shot off, and be used for later oil and gas exploration and measurement.

[0189] Embodiment 4:

[0190] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario, which can be used to implement the method described in the above embodiment, as in the following embodiment. Since the principle of solving problems by the optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario is similar to that of the optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario, the implementation of the optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario can refer to the implementation of the optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario, and the repeated parts will not be elaborated. Hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that can achieve a predetermined function. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.

[0191] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation manner of an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario that can implement the optical cable positioning method outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario. Refer to Figure 16 , an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to the perforation scenario includes:

[0192] An optical cable lowering module 10, configured to lower the optical cable with multiple signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall;

[0193] A cable lowering module 20, configured to lower the cable with multiple signal receivers to the position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation;

[0194] An optical cable axial position determination module 30, configured to determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve by the plurality of signal generators according to the plurality of signal receivers.

[0195] In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable axial position determination module includes:

[0196] A positioning signal sending unit, configured to send a plurality of positioning signals by the plurality of signal generators;

[0197] A positioning signal receiver, configured to receive the plurality of positioning signals by the plurality of signal receivers, and determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the sleeve according to the plurality of positioning signals.

[0198] In an embodiment of the present invention, the positioning signal receiver includes:

[0199] An optical cable depth determination unit, configured to determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between two adjacent signal receivers according to the energy values of the plurality of positioning signals received by the two adjacent signal receivers;

[0200] A signal generator determination unit, configured to determine the corresponding signal generator by the two adjacent signal receivers according to the depth;

[0201] An axial position determination unit, configured to determine the axial position of the optical cable in the depth relative to the sleeve by the two adjacent signal receivers according to the positioning signals sent by the corresponding signal generator.

[0202] In an embodiment of the present invention, the axial position determination unit includes:

[0203] A first axial position determination unit, configured to determine the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the sleeve by the first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers according to the first positioning signal sent by the first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0204] A second axial position determination unit, configured to determine the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the sleeve by the second signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers according to the second positioning signal sent by the second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction;

[0205] An axial position determination subunit, configured to determine the axial position of the optical cable in the depth relative to the sleeve by the two adjacent signal receivers according to the first axial position and the second axial position.

[0206] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first axial position determination unit includes:

[0207] A first phase determination unit, configured to determine, by the first signal receiver, a first phase of the first signal generator relative to the casing according to the first positioning signal;

[0208] A first axial position determination subunit, configured to determine, by the first signal receiver, the first axial position according to the first phase;

[0209] The second axial position determination unit includes:

[0210] A second phase determination unit, configured to determine, by the second signal receiver, a second phase of the second signal generator relative to the casing according to the second positioning signal;

[0211] A second axial position determination subunit, configured to determine, by the second signal receiver, the second axial position according to the second phase.

[0212] In an embodiment of the present invention, an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to a perforation scenario, before the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, cement is filled in the target formation between the casing and the wellbore, and the cement is in a cemented state.

[0213] In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable depth determination unit includes:

[0214] A signal receiver position calibration unit, configured to calibrate the positions of the plurality of signal receivers by the cable to determine the depths of the plurality of signal receivers;

[0215] An optical cable depth determination subunit, configured to determine, by two adjacent signal receivers, the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers according to their own depths and the energy values of the plurality of positioning signals;

[0216] An optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to a perforation scenario further includes:

[0217] A target formation perforation module, configured to perforate the target formation according to the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing.

[0218] As can be seen from the above description, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical cable positioning device outside the casing applicable to a perforation scenario, including: an optical cable lowering module, configured to lower an optical cable having a plurality of signal generators to a target formation between the casing and the wellbore; a cable lowering module, configured to lower a cable having a plurality of signal receivers to a position corresponding horizontally to the target formation inside the casing; an optical cable axial position determination module, configured to determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing by the plurality of signal generators according to the plurality of signal receivers.

[0219] The present invention solves the problems of receiving and identifying positioning signals in a perforation scenario. The provided positioning signal receiving method, signal receiving device, and optoelectronic position calculation method are quite different from the prior art. According to the present invention, the position and direction of the optical cable can be determined, and then it can be used to avoid the position of the optical cable during perforation work to ensure that the optical cable is not damaged, which is of great help for perforation process monitoring and subsequent production monitoring of oil and gas wells.

[0220] Example Five:

[0221] The embodiment of the present application also provides a specific implementation manner of an electronic device that can implement all the steps in the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in the above embodiments. Refer to Figure 17 , and the electronic device specifically includes the following contents:

[0222] A processor 1201, a memory 1202, a communication interface 1203, and a bus 1204;

[0223] Among them, the processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other through the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to implement information transmission between related devices such as a server-side device and a client-side device;

[0224] The processor 1201 is used to call a computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements all the steps in the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0225] An optical cable with multiple signal generators is lowered to a target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall;

[0226] A cable with multiple signal receivers is lowered to a position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation;

[0227] The multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple signal receivers.

[0228] Example Six:

[0229] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that can implement all steps in the casing outer optical cable positioning method applicable to the perforation scenario in the above embodiment. A computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all steps in the casing outer optical cable positioning method applicable to the perforation scenario in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0230] The optical cable with multiple signal generators is lowered to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall;

[0231] The cable with multiple signal receivers is lowered to a position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation;

[0232] The multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple signal receivers.

[0233] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program type embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiments.

[0234] The specific embodiments of this specification are described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0235] Although the present application provides method operation steps such as in the embodiments or flowcharts, based on routine or non-creative labor, there may be more or fewer operation steps. The step order listed in the embodiments is only one way among the execution orders of numerous steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or the figures or in parallel (for example, in an environment of parallel processors or multithreaded processing).

[0236] For the convenience of description, when describing the above device, various modules are described separately according to their functions. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware, or the modules that implement the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0237] Those skilled in the art also know that in addition to implementing the controller in the form of pure computer-readable program code, the method steps can be logically programmed to enable the controller to be implemented in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. to achieve the same function. Therefore, this kind of controller can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as the structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be regarded as both software modules for implementing the method and the structures within the hardware component.

[0238] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), an input / output interface, a network interface, and memory.

[0239] The memory may include non-permanent memory in the form of computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0240] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description of the method embodiment. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this specification. In this specification, the schematic expression of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0241] The above is only the embodiment of the embodiments of this specification and is not used to limit the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments of this specification. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario, characterized in that, it includes: Lower the optical cable with multiple signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore wall; Lower the cable with multiple signal receivers to a position inside the casing corresponding horizontally to the target formation; The multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple signal receivers.

2. The method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple signal receivers, including: The multiple signal generators emit multiple positioning signals; The multiple signal receivers receive the multiple positioning signals and determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple positioning signals.

3. The method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the multiple positioning signals, including: Two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers according to the energy values of the multiple received positioning signals; The two adjacent signal receivers determine the corresponding signal generator according to the depth; The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable within the depth relative to the casing according to the positioning signal emitted by the corresponding signal generator.

4. The method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable within the depth relative to the casing according to the positioning signal emitted by the corresponding signal generator, including: The first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the casing according to the first positioning signal emitted by the first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction; The second signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the casing according to the second positioning signal emitted by the second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction; The two adjacent signal receivers determine the axial position of the optical cable within the depth relative to the casing according to the first axial position and the second axial position.

5. The method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first signal receiver among the two adjacent signal receivers determines the first axial position of the first signal generator relative to the casing according to the first positioning signal emitted by the first signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction, including: The first signal receiver determines the first phase of the first signal generator relative to the casing according to the first positioning signal; The first signal receiver determines the first axial position according to the first phase; The second signal receiver among two adjacent signal receivers determines the second axial position of the second signal generator relative to the casing according to the second positioning signal emitted by the second signal generator corresponding to it in the horizontal direction, including: The second signal receiver determines the second phase of the second signal generator relative to the casing according to the second positioning signal; The second signal receiver determines the second axial position according to the second phase.

6. The method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, Before the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, cement is filled in the target formation between the casing and the wellbore, and the cement is in a cemented state.

7. The method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing according to claim 3, wherein, The two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers according to the energy values of the plurality of received positioning signals, including: The cable calibrates the positions of the plurality of signal receivers to determine the depths of the plurality of signal receivers; The two adjacent signal receivers determine the depth of the optical cable corresponding between the two signal receivers according to their own depths and the energy values of the plurality of positioning signals; After the plurality of signal generators determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers, it further includes: Performing perforation on the target formation according to the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing.

8. A device for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario, wherein, It includes: An optical cable lowering module for lowering an optical cable with a plurality of signal generators to the target formation between the casing and the wellbore; A cable lowering module for lowering a cable with a plurality of signal receivers to a position corresponding horizontally to the target formation inside the casing; An optical cable axial position determination module for the plurality of signal generators to determine the axial position of the optical cable relative to the casing according to the plurality of signal receivers.

9. An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for positioning an optical cable outside a casing applicable to a perforation scenario according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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