Spraying-while-digging tunneling process and equipment based on single-body type spraying supporting equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an excavation-while-excavation spraying excavation process and equipment based on single-body type spraying supporting equipment. The tunneling process comprises the following steps: step A, tunneling; step B, supporting; step C1, between the step A and the step B, the self-moving type spraying equipment moves to the position closest to the tunneling head-on, a spray gun sprays the set distance section of the roadway to form a temporary support and a sealing layer, and the self-moving type spraying equipment retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment; or C2, after the step B, the self-moving type spraying equipment or the bestriding type spraying equipment synchronously conducts spraying on the roadway at the set distance; and D, the tunneling unit returns to the middle of the roadway. According to the tunneling process, under the conditions that original tunneling equipment is not changed and the tunneling process of the original tunneling equipment is not affected, the spraying and supporting procedure is added before supporting or after supporting, the supporting effect is improved, the later-stage repair amount of the roadway is reduced, and the safety and high efficiency of the tunneling process are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mine tunneling, and in particular to a tunneling and spraying process and equipment based on a monomeric spraying support device. Background Art

[0002] The spraying support technology aims to spray on the roof and sidewalls of the roadway during tunneling to solve problems such as temporary support for soft surrounding rocks, surface reinforcement of broken surrounding rocks, anti-weathering of mudstone layers, and sealing of the face surrounding rocks to prevent gas. In related technologies, some directly integrate the spraying module at the tail of the roadheader or on both sides of the fuselage and perform spraying after tunneling. However, the method of integrating the spraying module on the roadheader requires modification of the tunneling equipment, with high complexity and difficult maintenance. Some spraying equipment is located behind the tunneling equipment group and performs spraying after tunneling and support. However, for some broken and soft surrounding rocks, spraying is carried out at the end and not in a timely manner, and problems such as falling of the surrounding rocks are likely to occur later, requiring additional processes for repair, thus affecting safety and tunneling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technologies to some extent.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunneling and spraying process based on a monomeric spraying support device,

[0005] and an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monomeric spraying support device.

[0006] According to the tunneling and spraying process based on a monomeric spraying support device in the embodiment of the present invention, the process includes the following steps:

[0007] Step A, tunneling: The tunneling unit cuts and advances a set distance, clears the cut coal and floating coal in the tunneling area. After completion, the tunneling unit stops and retreats to one side of the roadway;

[0008] Step B: Support: The anchoring unit performs support operations on the set distance section of the roadway;

[0009] Step C: Spraying: Step C1, between steps A and B, before support, the self-propelled spraying device moves to the closest position to the tunneling face, pulls the spray gun to the tunneling face, and the spray gun sprays the set distance section of the roadway to form a temporary support and sealing layer, and then the self-propelled spraying device retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment; or, Step C2, after step B, after support, the self-propelled spraying device or the straddle-type spraying device synchronously sprays the set distance of the roadway behind the tunneling equipment;

[0010] Step D, the tunneling unit returns to the middle of the roadway.

[0011] The tunneling and spraying process based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the embodiments of the present invention can select a self - moving spraying device or a straddle - type spraying device according to the actual situation without changing the original tunneling equipment and ensuring that the tunneling process of the original tunneling equipment is not affected. A spraying support process is added before or after the support to improve the support effect, reduce the later repair amount of the roadway, and ensure the safety and efficiency of the tunneling process.

[0012] In some embodiments, when tunneling in broken and soft surrounding rock that requires temporary support for the roadway side, broken surrounding rock with faults and / or collapse columns that requires surface reinforcement during tunneling, or surrounding rock with a large amount of gas at the heading face that requires sealing during tunneling, steps A, C1, B, and D are repeated.

[0013] In some embodiments, a roadheader is used for step A, and a pneumatic single - body bolt drill is used for step B; or,

[0014] A continuous miner or a continuous miner with integrated drilling and bolting is used for steps A and B; or,

[0015] A roadheader is used for step A, and a double - arm bolt trolley or a double - arm bolt trolley with integrated drilling and bolting is used for step B; or,

[0016] One of a continuous miner and a continuous miner with integrated drilling and bolting is used for step A, and one of the continuous miner and the continuous miner with integrated drilling and bolting and one of a bolt transfer machine and a bolt transfer machine with integrated drilling and bolting are used for step B.

[0017] In some embodiments, when tunneling in weathered mudstone or surrounding rock that needs to prevent weathering, steps A, B, C2, and D are repeated.

[0018] In some embodiments, one of a continuous miner and a continuous miner with integrated drilling and bolting is used for step A, and one of the continuous miner and the continuous miner with integrated drilling and bolting and one of a bolt transfer machine and a bolt transfer machine with integrated drilling and bolting are used for step B; or,

[0019] A roadheader is used for step A, a double - arm bolt trolley or a double - arm bolt trolley with integrated drilling and bolting is used for step B, and a self - moving spraying device is used for step C2.

[0020] In some embodiments, the self - moving spraying device is a self - moving spraying device with a narrow body and a small volume.

[0021] In some embodiments, in step A, the set distance is one row spacing.

[0022] The tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the embodiments of the present invention includes:

[0023] A roadheader-anchoring machine group, a bridge-type conveyor and a self-advancing tail conveyor, the roadheader-anchoring machine group, the bridge-type conveyor and the self-advancing tail conveyor are arranged in sequence along the tunneling direction, the roadheader-anchoring machine group includes a tunneling unit and an anchoring unit, the tunneling unit is used for tunneling of the roadway, the anchoring unit is used for anchoring support of the roadway, and the bridge-type conveyor and the self-advancing tail conveyor are used for transporting the tunneling coal out; and

[0024] A self-advancing spraying device or a straddle-type spraying device, the straddle-type spraying device straddles on the bridge-type conveyor or the self-advancing tail conveyor, and both the self-advancing spraying device and the straddle-type spraying device are used for spraying of the roadway.

[0025] In some embodiments, it includes a self-advancing spraying device. Further,[[]]END]]

[0026] The tunneling unit is a cantilever roadheader, and the anchoring unit is a pneumatic single-rod bolt drill; or,

[0027] The roadheader-anchoring machine group is a roadheader-anchoring machine or a drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine; or

[0028] The tunneling unit is a cantilever roadheader, and the anchoring unit is a double-arm bolt trolley / double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolt trolley; or,

[0029] The tunneling unit is the tunneling unit of one of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of the one of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine and one of the bolt transfer machine and the drill-anchor integrated bolt transfer machine.

[0030] In some embodiments, it includes a self-advancing spraying device. Further, the tunneling unit is the tunneling unit of one of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of the one of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine and one of the bolt transfer machine and the drill-anchor integrated bolt transfer machine;

[0031] Or, it includes a self-advancing spraying device. Further, the tunneling unit is a cantilever roadheader, and the anchoring unit is a double-arm bolt trolley or a double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolt trolley;

[0032] Or, it includes a straddle-type spraying device. Further, the tunneling unit is the tunneling unit of one of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of the one of the roadheader-anchoring machine and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader-anchoring machine and one of the bolt transfer machine and the drill-anchor integrated bolt transfer machine. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the tunneling and spraying process based on a monolithic spraying support device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tunneling and spraying process based on a monolithic spraying support device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth or fifth embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the seventh embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the eighth embodiment of the tunneling and spraying equipment based on a monolithic spraying support device according to the present invention;

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] Tunneling equipment 100;

[0044] Boom roadheader 101, pneumatic single-anchor drill 102, bolt trolley 103, roadheader-anchor rig 104, bolt transfer machine 105;

[0045] Bridge-type transfer machine 2, self-advancing tail 3, self-advancing spraying equipment 4, straddle-type spraying equipment 5. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0047] Refer to the appendix below Figures 1 to 9, a tunneling spraying and driving process and equipment based on a monolithic spraying support equipment according to embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0048] The tunneling spraying and driving equipment 100 based on a monolithic spraying support equipment according to embodiments of the present invention includes a roadheader-anchor unit, a bridge-type conveyor 2, and a self-advancing tail 3. The roadheader-anchor unit, the bridge-type conveyor 2, and the self-advancing tail 3 are arranged in sequence along the tunneling direction. The roadheader-anchor unit includes a tunneling unit and an anchoring unit. The tunneling unit is used for tunneling of the roadway, and the anchoring unit is used for anchoring support of the roadway. The bridge-type conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 are used to transport the tunneling coal out. The tunneling equipment 100 further includes a self-advancing spraying equipment 4 or a straddle-type spraying equipment 5. The straddle-type spraying equipment 5 straddles on the bridge-type conveyor 2 or the self-advancing tail 3. Both the self-advancing spraying equipment 4 and the straddle-type spraying equipment 5 are used for spraying of the roadway.

[0049] The roadheader-anchor unit is used for tunneling and support of the roadway, that is, the roadheader-anchor unit has a tunneling function and a support function. For example, the tunneling unit is a tunneling equipment, the anchoring unit is an anchoring equipment, or the roadheader-anchor unit is a roadheader-anchor integrated equipment with a tunneling unit and a support unit.

[0050] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in

[0051] Step A, tunneling: The tunneling unit cuts and advances a set distance, clears the tunneling fallen coal and floating coal. After completion, the tunneling unit stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Among them, the transportation of coal is carried out synchronously with the cutting and advancing process.

[0052] Step B: Support: The anchoring unit carries out support operations on a set distance section of the roadway.

[0053] Step C: Spraying: Step C1, between steps A and B, before support, the self-advancing spraying equipment moves to the closest position to the tunneling face, pulls the spray gun to the tunneling face, and the spray gun sprays a set distance section of the roadway to form a temporary support and airtight layer, and then the self-advancing spraying equipment retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment 100; or, Step C2, after step B, after support, the self-advancing spraying equipment or the straddle-type spraying equipment 5 synchronously sprays a set distance of the roadway behind the tunneling equipment 100.

[0054] Step D, the tunneling unit returns to the middle of the roadway.

[0055] The tunneling and spraying process based on a monolithic spraying support device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a self - moving spraying device or a straddle - type spraying device 5 as the spraying device in the tunneling process, and does not use a tunneling device integrated with a spraying function for tunneling and spraying. On the one hand, the self - moving spraying device can move its position independently, has a certain degree of flexibility, requires less space for the roadway and occupies less space. It can spray a set distance section of the tunnel after tunneling and before the support of the anchoring unit to achieve the purpose of preliminary support according to actual needs, or spray and support a set distance section of the tunnel after the support of the anchoring unit to improve the support effect. The straddle - type spraying device 5 can move forward synchronously with the tunneling equipment 100, straddle on the bridge - type conveyor 2 or the self - advancing tail 3, occupies less space in the width direction of the roadway, and does not affect the tunneling construction process. The straddle - type spraying device 5 can spray and support a set distance section of the tunnel after the support of the anchoring unit to improve the support effect. Therefore, the self - moving spraying device and the straddle - type spraying device 5 can perform spraying support without affecting the tunneling process. On the other hand, since there are many devices capable of performing tunneling operations and anchoring operations in the related art, the tunneling process of the embodiment of the present invention can select tunneling equipment and anchoring equipment according to the actual situation of the constructed roadway, has more selectivity, and there is no need to transform the tunneling equipment and integrate the spraying unit on the tunneling equipment.

[0056] Therefore, the tunneling and spraying process based on a monolithic spraying support device according to an embodiment of the present invention can, without changing the original tunneling equipment and ensuring that the tunneling process of the original tunneling equipment is not affected, select a self - moving spraying device or a straddle - type spraying device 5 according to the actual situation, add a spraying support process before support or add a spraying support process after support, improve the support effect, reduce the later repair amount of the roadway, and ensure the safety and high efficiency of the tunneling process.

[0057] The tunneling and spraying equipment 100 based on a monolithic spraying support device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the tunneling process of the embodiment of the present invention for construction. The tunneling equipment 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can, without transforming the original tunneling equipment, select a self - moving spraying device or a straddle - type spraying device 5 according to the actual situation on the basis of the original tunneling equipment, add a spraying support process before support or add a spraying support process after support, improve the support effect, reduce the later repair amount of the roadway, and ensure the safety and high efficiency of the tunneling process.

[0058] Preferably, in step A, the set distance is one row spacing. When the tunneling unit cuts and advances one row spacing, compared with the advancing distance greater than one row spacing, the safety is good and the collapse of the surrounding rock can be avoided. Compared with the advancing distance less than one row spacing, the construction efficiency is high.

[0059] Furthermore, the self - moving spraying device 4 is a self - moving spraying device 4 with a narrow fuselage and a small volume. The self - moving spraying device 4 with a narrow fuselage and a small volume occupies less space, thus having less requirement for the roadway space and more freedom. As a result, it can cooperate with more tunneling units of different specifications and sizes. When the tunneling unit retreats to one side of the roadway, it can move from the rear of the tunneling equipment 100 to the nearest position of the tunneling face.

[0060] Specifically, the width of the self - moving spraying device 4 is less than or equal to 1 m, the length is less than or equal to 3 m, and the height is less than or equal to 2 m.

[0061] In some embodiments, when tunneling in broken and soft surrounding rock that requires temporary support for the roadway side, broken surrounding rock with faults and / or collapse columns that requires surface reinforcement during tunneling, and surrounding rock with large gas at the tunneling face that requires sealing during tunneling, steps A, C1, B, and D are repeated. That is, for the tunneling of broken and soft surrounding rock that requires temporary support for the roadway side, broken surrounding rock with faults and / or collapse columns that requires surface reinforcement during tunneling, and surrounding rock with large gas at the tunneling face that requires sealing during tunneling, the tunneling process of the embodiments of the present invention adopts the procedures of tunneling, spraying support, and bolt support. Before bolt support, spraying is carried out by the self - moving spraying device to form a temporary support and a sealing layer.

[0062] The following refers to Figure 1 、 Figures 3 to 6 to describe specific embodiments for tunneling broken and soft surrounding rock, broken surrounding rock with faults and / or collapse columns, and surrounding rock with large gas at the tunneling face.

[0063] Embodiment 1: As Figure 3 shown, the tunneling unit is a roadheader 101, and the anchoring unit is a pneumatic single - bolt drill 102.

[0064] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, the roadheader 101 cuts and advances a row distance, clears the tunneling coal and floating coal. At the same time, the bridge conveyor 2 and the self - tailing conveyor 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway; Step C1, the self - moving spraying device 4 moves to the nearest position to the tunneling face. The self - moving spraying device 4 pulls the spray gun to the tunneling face through a pipeline, and the spray gun sprays the two sides and the roof of the roadway. After completion, the self - moving spraying device 4 retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment 100 through the pedestrian side (pedestrian passage) of the roadway; Step B, manually operate the pneumatic single - bolt drill 102 to drive threaded - steel bolts and cable bolts to support the roadway; Step D, the roadheader 101 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operation for roadway tunneling.

[0065] Embodiment 2: As Figure 4As shown, the tunneling and bolting equipment group is the roadheader 104 or the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104. The tunneling unit is the tunneling unit of one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104, and the bolting unit is the bolting unit of this one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104.

[0066] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, the one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104 cuts and advances a row distance, clears the cut coal and floating coal in tunneling. At the same time, the bridge conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step C1, the self-propelled spraying equipment 4 moves to the closest position to the tunneling face. The self-propelled spraying equipment 4 pulls the spray gun to the tunneling face through the pipeline, and the spray gun sprays the two sides and the roof of the roadway. After completion, the self-propelled spraying equipment 4 retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment 100 through the pedestrian side of the roadway. Step B, manually operate the on-board drill rig of the one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104 to install bolts and cable bolts for supporting the roadway. Step D, the one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operation for roadway tunneling.

[0067] Among them, when the tunneling and bolting equipment group is the roadheader 104, the bolt installed in Step B is a deformed steel bolt; when the tunneling and bolting equipment group is the integrated drilling and bolting roadheader 104, the bolt installed in Step B is an integrated drilling and bolting bolt.

[0068] Embodiment 3: As Figure 5 shown, the tunneling unit is the cantilever roadheader 101, and the bolting unit is the double-arm bolting jumbo 103 or the double-arm integrated drilling and bolting jumbo 103.

[0069] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, the cantilever roadheader 101 cuts and advances a row distance, clears the cut coal and floating coal in tunneling. At the same time, the bridge conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the cantilever roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step C1, the self-propelled spraying equipment 4 moves to the closest position to the tunneling face. The self-propelled spraying equipment 4 pulls the spray gun to the tunneling face through the pipeline, and the spray gun sprays the two sides and the roof of the roadway. After completion, the self-propelled spraying equipment 4 retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment 100 through the pedestrian side of the roadway. Step B, the double-arm bolting jumbo 103 or the double-arm integrated drilling and bolting jumbo 103 advances to the tunneling face through the pedestrian side of the roadway, the double-arm bolting jumbo 103 or the double-arm integrated drilling and bolting jumbo 103 installs bolts and cable bolts for supporting the roadway, and retreats to the tail of the cantilever roadheader 101 after completion; Step D, the cantilever roadheader 101 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operation for roadway tunneling.

[0070] Among them, when the anchoring unit is the double-arm bolter jumbo 103, the bolts driven in step B are deformed steel bolts; when the anchoring unit is the double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolter jumbo 103, the bolts driven in step B are drill-anchor integrated bolts.

[0071] Embodiment 4: As Figure 6 shown, the tunneling unit is the tunneling unit of either the roadheader 104 or the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of the same one of the roadheader 104 and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104 and the bolt reclaimer 105.

[0072] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, the aforesaid one of the roadheader 104 and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104 cuts and advances a row distance, clears the tunneling fallen coal and floating coal. At the same time, the bridge-type reclaimer 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the boom-type roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step C1, the self-propelled spraying equipment 4 moves to the closest position to the tunneling heading face. The self-propelled spraying equipment 4 pulls the spray gun to the tunneling heading face through a pipeline, and the spray gun sprays the two sides and the roof of the roadway. After completion, the self-propelled spraying equipment retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment 100 through the pedestrian side of the roadway. Step B, manually operate the on-board drill rig of the aforesaid one of the roadheader 104 and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104 and the on-board drill rig of the bolt reclaimer 105 to drive bolts and cable bolts to support the roadway. Step D, the aforesaid one of the roadheader 104 and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operation to carry out roadway tunneling.

[0073] Among them, when it is the roadheader 104, the bolts driven in step B are deformed steel bolts; when it is the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104, the bolts driven in step B are drill-anchor integrated bolts; the bolts driven by the bolt reclaimer 105 in step B are deformed steel bolts.

[0074] Embodiment 5: As Figure 6 shown, the tunneling unit is the tunneling unit of either the roadheader 104 or the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of the same one of the roadheader 104 and the drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104 and the drill-anchor integrated bolt reclaimer 105.

[0075] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and anchoring roadheader 104 cuts and advances by one row spacing, clears the cut coal and floating coal in the tunneling face. Meanwhile, the bridge-type conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the boom-type roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step C1, the self-advancing spraying equipment 4 moves to the closest position to the tunneling face. The self-advancing spraying equipment 4 pulls the spray gun to the tunneling face through a pipeline, and the spray gun sprays the two sides and the roof of the roadway. After completion, the self-advancing spraying equipment retreats to the tail of the tunneling equipment 100 through the pedestrian side of the roadway. Step B, manually operate the onboard drill rig of one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and anchoring roadheader 104 and the onboard drill rig of the integrated drilling and anchoring bolt loader 105 to install bolts and cable bolts for supporting the roadway. Step D, one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and anchoring roadheader 104 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operation for roadway tunneling.

[0076] Among them, the bolt installed by the roadheader 104 in Step B is a deformed steel bolt, the bolt installed by the integrated drilling and anchoring roadheader 104 in Step B is an integrated drilling and anchoring bolt, and the bolt installed by the integrated drilling and anchoring bolt loader 105 in Step B is an integrated drilling and anchoring bolt.

[0077] Optionally, during the anchoring support in Step B, before installing the bolts, an anchor mesh is laid at the spraying position.

[0078] In some other embodiments, when tunneling weathered mudstone or surrounding rock that needs to prevent weathering, Steps A, B, C2, and D are repeated. That is, for weathered mudstone or surrounding rock that needs to prevent weathering, the tunneling process of the embodiment of the present invention adopts the processes of tunneling, anchoring support, and spraying support, and after the anchoring support, spraying is carried out by the self-advancing spraying equipment or the straddle-type spraying equipment 5.

[0079] The following refers to Figure 2 、 Figures 7 to 9 to describe specific embodiments for tunneling weathered mudstone or surrounding rock that needs to prevent weathering.

[0080] Embodiment Six: The tunneling unit is one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and anchoring roadheader 104, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated drilling and anchoring roadheader 104 and the bolt loader 105. As Figure 7 shown, the spraying equipment adopts the straddle-type spraying equipment 5. In some other embodiments, the spraying equipment adopts the self-advancing spraying equipment.

[0081] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 cuts and advances a row distance, clears the coal and floating coal from tunneling, and meanwhile, the bridge-type conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the boom-type roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step B, manually operate the onboard drill rig of one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 and the onboard drill rig of the bolter loader 105 to install bolts and cable bolts for supporting the roadway. Step C2, the straddle-type spraying device 5 synchronously sprays the roof and sidewalls of the roadway behind the tunneling equipment 100. Step D, one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operations to carry out roadway tunneling.

[0082] Among them, the bolt installed by the roadheader 104 in Step B is a deformed steel bolt, the bolt installed by the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 in Step B is an integrated bolting and drilling bolt, and the bolt installed by the bolter loader 105 in Step B is a deformed steel bolt.

[0083] Embodiment 7: The tunneling unit is one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104, and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 and the integrated bolting and drilling bolt loader 105. As Figure 8 shown, the spraying device adopts a self-advancing spraying device. In some other embodiments, the spraying device adopts the straddle-type spraying device 5.

[0084] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 cuts and advances a row distance, clears the coal and floating coal from tunneling, and meanwhile, the bridge-type conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the boom-type roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step B, manually operate the onboard drill rig of one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 and the onboard drill rig of the integrated bolting and drilling bolt loader 105 to install bolts and cable bolts for supporting the roadway. Step C2, the self-advancing spraying device synchronously sprays the roof and sidewalls of the roadway behind the tunneling equipment 100. Step D, one of the roadheader 104 and the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operations to carry out roadway tunneling.

[0085] Among them, the bolt installed by the roadheader 104 in Step B is a deformed steel bolt, the bolt installed by the integrated bolter and roadheader 104 in Step B is an integrated bolting and drilling bolt, and the bolt installed by the integrated bolting and drilling bolt loader 105 in Step B is an integrated bolting and drilling bolt.

[0086] Embodiment 8: As Figure 9As shown, the tunneling unit is a roadheader 101, and the anchoring unit is a double-arm bolter 103 or a double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolter 103. The spraying equipment is a self-propelled spraying equipment, and the self-propelled spraying equipment is used for step C2.

[0087] The tunneling process includes the following steps: Step A, the roadheader 101 cuts and advances by one row spacing, clears the coal and floating coal cut during tunneling. At the same time, the bridge-type conveyor 2 and the self-advancing tail 3 transport the coal out. After the cutting is completed, the roadheader 101 stops and retreats to one side of the roadway. Step B, manually operate the double-arm bolter 103 or the double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolter 103 to install bolts and cable bolts for supporting the roadway. Step C2, the self-propelled spraying equipment synchronously sprays the top and side walls of the roadway behind the tunneling equipment 100. Step D, the roadheader 101 returns to the middle of the roadway. Repeat the operation to carry out roadway tunneling.

[0088] Among them, when the anchoring unit is a double-arm bolter 103, the bolts installed in step B are deformed steel bolts; when the anchoring unit is a double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolter 103, the bolts installed in step B are drill-anchor integrated bolts.

[0089] It should be noted that during the anchoring support process in step B, step C2 is carried out synchronously, and spraying is carried out in the area where the anchoring has been completed.

[0090] Thus, the tunneling process and the tunneling equipment 100 of the embodiments of the present invention match the roadheader 101, the roadheader 104 / drill-anchor integrated roadheader 104, the pneumatic single-bolt drill 102, the double-arm bolter 103 / double-arm drill-anchor integrated bolter 103, and the bolt conveyor 105 / drill-anchor integrated bolt conveyor 105 in the related art. Without changing the original tunneling equipment, the spraying support is used as an independent equipment to cooperate with the original equipment, and can cooperate with the original tunneling process to realize the spraying support function, improving the tunneling speed and safety.

[0091] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0092] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0093] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0094] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0095] In the present invention, terms such as "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0096] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simultaneous excavation spraying excavation process based on a single-body spraying support device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A, excavation: the excavation unit cuts and advances a set distance to clean up the fallen coal and floating coal during excavation. After completion, the excavation unit stops and retreats to one side of the tunnel; Step B: Support: the anchoring unit performs support operations on the set distance section of the tunnel; Step C: Spraying: Step C1, between Steps A and B, before supporting, the self-propelled spraying equipment moves to the closest point to the tunneling head, pulls the spray gun to the tunneling head, and the spray gun sprays the set distance section of the tunnel to form a temporary support and a closed layer, and then the self-propelled spraying equipment (4) retreats to the rear of the tunneling equipment (100); or, Step C2, after Step B, after supporting, the self-propelled spraying equipment (4) or the straddle-type spraying equipment (5) synchronously sprays the set distance of the tunnel behind the tunneling equipment (100); Step D, the excavation unit returns to the middle of the tunnel.

2. The excavation-concurrent spraying excavation process based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the excavation is of broken and weak surrounding rock requiring temporary support of the tunnel side, broken surrounding rock with faults and / or collapse columns requiring surface reinforcement as the excavation proceeds, or surrounding rock with large head gas content requiring sealing as the excavation proceeds, repeat steps A, C1, B, and D.

3. The excavation-concurrent spraying excavation process based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Using a cantilevered tunnel boring machine (101) to carry out step A, and using a pneumatic single-body anchor drilling machine (102) to carry out step B; or, Using an anchor drill (104) or an integrated anchor drill (104) to carry out step A and step B; or, A cantilevered tunnel boring machine (101) is used to perform step A, and a double-arm anchor trolley (103) or a double-arm drilling and anchoring integrated anchor trolley (103) is used to perform step B; or, Step A is performed using one of the anchor digger (104) and the integrated anchor-drilling machine (104), and step B is performed using one of the anchor digger (104) and the integrated anchor-drilling machine (104) and the anchor transfer machine (105) and the integrated anchor transfer machine (105).

4. The excavation-concurrent spraying excavation process based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the excavated material is weathered mudstone or surrounding rock that needs to be protected from weathering, step A, step B, step C2 and step D are repeated.

5. The excavation-concurrent spraying excavation process based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: One of the anchor digger (104) and the anchor drilling and anchoring integrated digger (104) is used to perform step A, and one of the anchor digger (104) and the anchor drilling and anchoring integrated digger (104) and the anchor bolt transfer machine (105) and the anchor drilling and anchoring integrated digger (105) is used to perform step B; or, A cantilevered tunnel boring machine (101) is used to carry out step A, a double-arm anchor trolley (103) or a double-arm drilling and anchoring integrated anchor trolley (103) is used to carry out step B, and a self-propelled spraying device (4) is used to carry out step C2.

6. The excavation-concurrent spraying excavation process based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-propelled spraying equipment (4) is a self-propelled spraying equipment (4) with a narrow body and a small volume.

7. The excavation-concurrent spraying excavation process based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step A, the set distance is one row distance.

8. A tunneling equipment (100) for spraying while excavating based on a single-body spraying support device, characterized in that: include: A digging and anchoring equipment group, a bridge-type transfer machine (2) and a self-moving tail (3), wherein the digging and anchoring equipment group, the bridge-type transfer machine (2) and the self-moving tail (3) are arranged in sequence along the excavation direction, the digging and anchoring equipment group comprises an excavation unit and an anchoring unit, the excavation unit is used for excavation of the tunnel, the anchoring unit is used for anchoring and supporting the tunnel, and the bridge-type transfer machine (2) and the self-moving tail (3) are used for transporting the excavated coal; and A self-propelled spraying device (4) or a straddled spraying device (5), wherein the straddled spraying device (5) is straddled on the bridge-type transfer machine (2) or the self-propelled machine tail (3), and both the self-propelled spraying device (4) and the straddled spraying device (5) are used for spraying the tunnel.

9. The excavation-continuous spraying tunneling equipment (100) based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: comprising a self-propelled spraying device (4), further comprising: The tunneling unit is a cantilever tunneling machine (101), and the anchoring unit is a pneumatic single-body anchor drilling machine (102); or, The anchoring and drilling equipment group is an anchoring and drilling machine (104) or an integrated anchoring and drilling machine (104); or The excavation unit is a cantilever type excavator (101), and the anchoring unit is a double-arm anchor trolley (103) / a double-arm drilling and anchoring integrated anchor trolley (103); or, The excavation unit is a excavation unit of one of the anchor digger (104) and the integrated anchor-drilling machine (104), and the anchoring unit is an anchoring unit of one of the anchor digger (104) and the integrated anchor-drilling machine (104) and one of the anchor transfer machine (105) and the integrated anchor transfer machine (105).

10. The excavation-continuous spraying tunneling equipment (100) based on the single-body spraying support equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: It comprises a self-propelled spraying device (4), further, the excavation unit is the excavation unit of one of a bolter digger (104) and a drilling-anchoring integrated bolter digger (104), and the anchoring unit is the anchoring unit of one of the bolter digger (104) and the drilling-anchoring integrated bolter digger (104) and one of an anchoring machine (105) and a drilling-anchoring integrated bolter digger (105); Or, comprising a self-propelled spraying device (4), further, the tunneling unit is a cantilever tunneling machine (101), and the anchoring unit is a double-arm anchor trolley (103) or a double-arm drilling and anchoring integrated anchor trolley (103); Or, it includes a straddle-type spraying device (5), further, the excavation unit is a excavation unit of one of a digging and anchoring machine (104) and a drilling and anchoring integrated digging and anchoring machine (104), and the anchoring unit is an anchoring unit of one of the digging and anchoring machine (104) and the drilling and anchoring integrated digging and anchoring machine (104) and one of an anchor transfer machine (105) and a drilling and anchoring integrated anchor transfer machine (105).

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