An adaptive regulating device and control method for mitigating pressure change in an ejector suction start-stop process

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive regulating device and control method capable of slowing down the cabin pressure change in an ejector suction start-stop process, and mainly relates to the technical field of exhaust gas injection and high-altitude simulation test. The regulating device is installed in an airflow pipeline connecting an ejector and a high-altitude cabin. When the ejector is started, the airflow inside the high-altitude cabin is drawn away through the airflow pipeline, and when the ejector is stopped, the airflow returns to the high-altitude cabin to restore normal pressure. The regulating device is composed of a driving device, an adjusting device and a central cone assembly. When the ejector is started and stopped, the driving device adaptively adjusts the rotating direction according to the airflow direction, and changes the positions of the central cone assemblies through the adjusting device to adjust the airflow passage area, thereby slowing down the cabin pressure change of the high-altitude cabin when the ejector is rapidly started and stopped. The application does not need an additional power source, can realize self-adaptive adjustment of the cabin pressure change, improves the stability and safety of the high-altitude simulation test, and is suitable for various high-altitude cabin test working conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of exhaust injection and high-altitude simulation test, and relates to high-altitude cabin pressure regulation and airflow dynamic regulation technology, in particular to a self-adaptive regulation device and control method for slowing down cabin pressure change during injection pumping start-stop process, which is used for regulating the airflow channel during the start-stop of the ejector in the high-altitude simulation test, buffering the cabin pressure fluctuation caused by the start-stop of the ejector, and preventing the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas into the high-altitude cabin. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-altitude simulation test is one of the important research methods in the fields of aerospace, engine research and development, and related fields, and is widely used in test conditions such as aero-engine high-altitude starting, combustion chamber performance testing, and aircraft cabin environment simulation. In order to simulate high-altitude environment, the test usually uses a high-altitude cabin to provide low pressure, low temperature, high-speed airflow and other external conditions, so that the test equipment or test object can be tested under conditions close to the real flight environment. The working core of the high-altitude cabin is to accurately control the cabin pressure to ensure that it meets the air pressure state under the condition of a specific flight altitude.

[0003] At present, in order to meet the pressure environment of the ground simulation engine in the high-altitude flight state, a multi-stage parallel ejector with extremely strong pumping capacity is usually used to complete the air pumping in the high-altitude cabin, so as to realize the simulation of high-altitude environment pressure. The ejector is a kind of non-moving part gas pumping device based on fluid dynamics, which usually generates a low pressure area by high-speed jet working airflow, so as to drive the surrounding gas to flow to the low pressure area, thereby realizing air pumping and cabin pressure regulation. Due to the advantages of no mechanical moving parts, fast response speed, low maintenance cost, etc., the ejector has been widely used in high-altitude simulation test.

[0004] However, during the operation of the high-altitude simulation test, the characteristics of the rapid start-stop of the ejector will cause the instantaneous change of the air pressure in the high-altitude cabin, which brings many challenges to the test. Specifically, when the ejector starts, its pumping capacity is quickly established, causing the air pressure in the cabin to drop rapidly; when the ejector stops, its pumping capacity drops sharply, and the air pressure in the cabin rises rapidly. Such dramatic changes in air pressure can easily damage the internal mechanical systems and measurement and control systems of the high-altitude cabin, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test data. Moreover, when the test is finished, the rapid stop of the ejector will cause poor exhaust, which will cause the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to flow back to the high-altitude cabin, damaging the hardware facilities and test pieces in the cabin, and even endangering the safety of the test personnel.

[0005] To solve the influence of cabin pressure change on the test, the prior art has proposed some improvement schemes in fluid regulation, pneumatic control, cabin pressure management and the like. For example, some high-altitude simulation test systems adopt adjustable throttling devices to control the airflow rate during the start and stop of the ejector, so as to slow down the pressure change. However, such throttling devices usually have regulation hysteresis and are difficult to adapt to the airflow dynamic change under different experimental conditions in real time. In addition, some high-altitude simulation test systems adopt independent auxiliary exhaust pipelines to provide an additional exhaust passage when the ejector is closed, so as to reduce the risk of high-temperature and high-pressure airflow backflow. However, the arrangement of the additional pipeline structure is of high complexity and can introduce additional flow loss, thereby affecting the overall efficiency of the system. Some more complex schemes, such as the use of multi-stage pressure regulating valve groups or buffer cavities and the like, can achieve more fine pressure control, but their structures are complex, the cost is high, or the regulation effect is not ideal, and they are difficult to be widely applied in engineering practice.

[0006] In summary, how to effectively slow down the cabin pressure change during the start and stop of the ejector suction, avoid the influence of the sudden change of air pressure on the equipment in the cabin and the test results, and prevent the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is a technical problem to be solved in the field of exhaust ejector and high-altitude simulation test. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a technical scheme capable of self-adaptive regulation of the airflow passage area, effective buffering of the cabin pressure change and suppression of the airflow backflow for improving the reliability and safety of high-altitude simulation test. SUMMARY

[0007] (I) Invention purposes

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a self-adaptive regulation device and control method capable of slowing down the cabin pressure change during the start and stop of the ejector suction. By arranging a self-adaptive regulation mechanism composed of a driving device and a center cone assembly in the airflow pipeline connecting the high-altitude cabin and the ejector, the airflow passage area is gradually increased when the ejector is started, the cabin pressure drop rate is buffered, the airflow passage area is gradually reduced when the ejector is closed, and the passage is blocked to prevent the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, so as to realize the self-adaptive regulation of the airflow passage area, solve the damage of the hardware facilities and test pieces in the cabin caused by the sudden change of high-altitude cabin pressure during the rapid start and stop of the ejector in the background art, and slow down the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas caused by poor exhaust at the end of the test.

[0009] (II) Technical schemes

[0010] To achieve the purpose of the present application and solve the technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0011] The first invention of the present application aims to provide a self-adaptive regulating device for slowing down the change of cabin pressure during the ejector suction start-stop process, which is used for regulating the airflow passage area during the start and stop process of the ejector in the high-altitude simulation test system, so as to buffer the change of cabin pressure and prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from flowing back to the high-altitude cabin, comprising an airflow pipeline, an ejector, a high-altitude cabin, a driving device, a regulating device and a central cone assembly, wherein:

[0012] The airflow pipeline extends along the axial direction as a whole and comprises at least an intermediate straight section, the diameter of the intermediate straight section gradually increases from inside to outside along the axial direction, and the upstream end of the intermediate straight section is coaxially connected with the ejector, and the downstream end of the intermediate straight section is coaxially connected with the high-altitude cabin.

[0013] The driving device, the regulating device and the central cone assembly are arranged in the intermediate straight section of the airflow pipeline, wherein: the driving device is coaxially fixedly installed on the inner wall of the intermediate straight section and adjusts the contraction and rotation direction according to the different flow directions of the airflow; the regulating device is in transmission connection with the power output end of the driving device and adjusts the inclination state of the regulating device under the action of the driving device; the central cone assembly has a laminated combination structure as a whole, the movable part of the central cone assembly is connected with the end of the regulating device and is horizontally pulled back or pushed out along the axial direction under the action of the regulating device, and when the central cone assembly is horizontally pulled back, the central cone assembly is sequentially laminated and contracted to increase the airflow passage area, and when the central cone assembly is horizontally pushed out, the central cone assembly is sequentially laminated and expanded to reduce the airflow passage area.

[0014] Preferably, the central cone assembly comprises a first central cone part, a plurality of second central cone parts and a third central cone part, each central cone part has a thin-walled rotary structure, the outer diameter of the first central cone part is matched with the inner diameter of the intermediate straight section and is coaxially fixed on the inner wall of the intermediate straight section, each second central cone part and the third central cone part constitute the movable part of the central cone assembly and are connected with the regulating device; when the central cone assembly is in a fully expanded state, the central cone assembly is integrally spliced to form a conical structure extending along the axial line from the downstream end of the pipeline to the upstream end and blocks the airflow passage, the first central cone part forms the base part of the conical structure, the third central cone part forms the tip part of the conical structure, and the outer diameters of the second central cone parts gradually decrease and are spliced to form the intermediate part of the conical structure; when the central cone assembly is in a fully laminated state, the third central cone part is pulled back to the internal space of the last second central cone part, each second central cone part is pulled back to the internal space of the first central cone part, and the radial space between each central cone part forms an airflow passage.

[0015] Further, the center cone assembly is further provided with a plurality of annular limiters, the upstream end bottom position of each second and third center cone part is fixedly connected with one of the limiters, the outer diameter of each limiter is matched with the inner wall diameter of the downstream end of the upstream center cone part, and the inner wall of each limiter is connected with the end of the adjusting device; the inner wall of the first center cone part near the upstream end is fixed with an annular blocking plate, which is used to block and support the limiter of the first second center cone part when the center cone assembly is completely stacked, and limit the excessive movement of the limiter to the upstream end.

[0016] Further, the limiter at least includes a limiting head and a plurality of articulated heads, the limiting head is in the overall annular frustum structure, the top of which is fixed at the upstream end bottom position of the center cone part, the conical outer wall surface is matched with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream center cone part, and the inner wall surface is uniformly distributed with a plurality of articulated heads in the circumferential direction, each articulated head is articulated with the end of one adjusting device, and when the center cone assembly is horizontally pushed out, the outer wall surface of the limiting head is in contact and sealed with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream center cone part, and the adjusting device is compressed when the center cone assembly is horizontally pulled back.

[0017] Further, the limiting head is further provided with an annular expansion member, the expansion member is embedded in the inside of the limiting head and expands under high temperature heating, and the outer wall of the limiting head has the ability to deform to deform outward in the radial direction when the expansion head expands, so as to realize the close contact and sealing with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream center cone part.

[0018] Further, the adjusting device includes a positioning member, a plurality of telescopic rods and a driving member, wherein: the positioning member is coaxially fixedly arranged at the center position of the first center cone part; the head of each telescopic rod is articulated on the outer edge of the positioning member, and the head of the telescopic rod is in the shape of a semicircle arc and is uniformly distributed with a plurality of inclined grooves for actuating cooperation with the driving member, and the end of the telescopic rod is articulated on the articulated head of each limiter in the center cone assembly; the driving member is drivingly connected to the power output end of the driving device and acts on the inclined grooves of the heads of the telescopic rods, so as to drive the heads of the telescopic rods to rotate and adjust the inclined state under the rotary drive of the driving device.

[0019] Further, the positioning member includes a positioning plate and a plurality of receiving rods, the positioning plate is arranged at the center position of the first center cone part, and the outer edge of the positioning plate is fixed with a plurality of receiving rods in the circumferential direction, the end of each receiving rod is fixed to the inner wall surface of the first center cone part, and a plurality of articulated grooves are further formed on the outer edge of the positioning plate, each articulated groove is provided with a connecting shaft and articulates the head of one telescopic rod.

[0020] Further, the telescopic rod hinged with the third central cone part has a head diameter larger than the thickness of the positioning plate in the positioning member, and a first coil spring is arranged between the head connecting hole and the connecting shaft in the corresponding hinge groove, so that the telescopic rod is provided with a reset force, and the third central cone part can be quickly reset to the original position when the airflow stops.

[0021] Further, the driving member includes a driving plate and a plurality of driving heads, wherein the driving plate is coaxially fixedly arranged at the power output end of the driving device, and a plurality of columnar driving heads are uniformly arranged on the outer side end face of the driving plate in the circumferential direction and are in driving cooperation with the inclined grooves of the head of the telescopic rod.

[0022] Further, the driving device includes a rotating shaft and a fan assembly coaxially fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, the end of the rotating shaft is formed as the power output end of the driving device and is fixedly connected to the driving plate of the driving member in the adjusting device, and the fan assembly includes a plurality of fan blades uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and rotates under the action of the airflow.

[0023] The second application objective of the application is to provide a control method of the self-adaptive adjusting and controlling device capable of slowing down the pressure change in the ejector pumping start-stop process, and the control method includes the following steps when implemented:

[0024] SS1. Starting the ejector to form a negative pressure environment

[0025] The central cone assembly is arranged in the initial closed state of full expansion, the initial pressure in the airflow pipeline on the downstream side of the central cone assembly and the high-altitude cabin connected thereto is kept as normal pressure, the ejector is started, and the pressure in the airflow pipeline on the upstream side of the central cone assembly connected to the ejector is rapidly reduced to negative pressure.

[0026] SS2. Gradually pulling back the central cone assembly to buffer the pressure drop rate

[0027] The driving device rotates under the action of the airflow, drives the adjusting device to enter the working state, and then drives the central cone assembly to be gradually pulled back horizontally in stages, gradually increases the airflow passage area, and makes the pressure in the high-pressure cabin gradually decrease in a controlled manner, so as to avoid the impact of the sudden pressure drop on the test equipment and the measurement and control system in the high-pressure cabin.

[0028] SS3. Maintaining a stable working state

[0029] When the central cone assembly is completely pulled back and the airflow passage reaches the maximum flow area, the pressure in the high-pressure cabin is stabilized at the target set value, and the current state of the central cone assembly is maintained, so as to ensure the stability of the test environment and meet the requirements of the high-altitude simulation test.

[0030] SS4. The ejector closes, triggering the center cone assembly to return to its original position.

[0031] At the end of the test, the ejector is turned off, and the pressure inside the ejector quickly returns to normal pressure. The gas in the airflow duct flows in the opposite direction, and the reverse airflow drives the drive device to rotate in the opposite direction, which drives the adjustment device to enter the return operation. Under the action of the airflow, the central cone assembly is pushed out horizontally step by step until the airflow channel is completely blocked. At the same time, the air pressure inside the high-altitude chamber gradually returns to normal pressure, and the test system returns to the initial state.

[0032] (III) Technical Effects

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the adaptive control device of the present invention, which can mitigate the pressure changes in the chamber during the ejection and suction start-up and shutdown process, has the following beneficial and significant technical effects:

[0034] (1) The present invention provides a central cone assembly with an integrally stacked structure in the airflow duct connecting the ejector and the high-altitude cabin. The change of the central cone assembly buffers the suction force generated when the ejector is started, so that the air pressure inside the high-altitude cabin gradually decreases, thereby avoiding the suction force generated by the high-altitude cabin in an instant, which would exert a large force on the pipeline materials, equipment or supports inside the cabin. At the same time, when the ejector is closed, the central cone assembly will be pushed out horizontally to block the airflow duct, avoiding the backflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which would then exert a secondary force on the pipeline materials, equipment or supports inside the cabin.

[0035] (2) This invention utilizes the linkage mechanism between the central cone assembly, the driving device, and the adjusting device to drive the fan assembly in the driving device to rotate in both directions by changes in airflow direction. Under the action of the driving device, the tilt state of each telescopic rod in the adjusting device is adjusted. Automatic adjustment of the airflow channel area can be achieved without an external power source and control system. The structure is simple and reliable, and the maintenance cost is low. At the same time, the setting of the limiting component ensures the sealing performance of the central cone assembly during movement, effectively preventing gas leakage.

[0036] (3) The present invention achieves a smooth transition of chamber pressure during the start-up and shutdown of the ejector by gradually adjusting the central cone assembly, which significantly improves the reliability and safety of the high-altitude simulation test system and provides a more stable test environment for high-altitude simulation tests, and has important engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the adaptive control device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 3 For the present inventionFigure 1 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0040] Figure 4 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0041] Figure 5 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0042] Figure 6 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0043] Figure 7 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0044] Figure 8 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0045] Figure 9 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0046] Figure 10 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0047] Figure 11 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0048] Figure 12 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0049] Figure 13 Structure schematic diagram of the central cone assembly in the fully expanded state of the application;

[0050] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Airflow duct 100, ejector 200, high-altitude cabin 300, driving device 400, mounting ring 410, mounting member 420, rotating shaft 430, fan assembly 440, fan center member 441, fan blade 442, inclined part 443, second coil spring 444, adjusting device 500, positioning member 510, positioning plate 511, hinged groove 512, receiving rod 513, telescopic rod 520, first coil spring 521, inclined groove 530, driving member 540, driving plate 541, driving head 542, central cone assembly 600, first central cone part 610, blocking plate 611, second central cone part 620, third central cone part 630, limiting member 640, limiting head 641, hinged head 642, expanding member 643, airflow passage 650. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] This invention aims to provide an adaptive control device and method for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejector start-up and shutdown in a high-altitude simulation test system. This device adjusts the airflow area during ejector startup and shutdown to buffer chamber pressure changes and prevent high-temperature, high-pressure gas from flowing back into the high-altitude chamber. The technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0053] Example 1: Adaptive Control Device

[0054] As a specific example, the present invention provides, for example... Figure 1 The adaptive control device shown can mitigate chamber pressure changes during ejector suction start-up and shutdown, and the adaptive control device includes at least the following components:

[0055] The airflow duct 100 extends along the axial direction as a whole and includes at least one straight section in the middle. The diameter of the two ends of the straight section gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axial direction.

[0056] Ejector 200 is coaxially fixed at the upstream end of airflow duct 100 and communicates with the inner cavity of airflow duct 100.

[0057] The high-altitude chamber 300 is coaxially fixed at the downstream end of the airflow duct 100, and when the ejector 200 is activated, the gas inside the high-altitude chamber 300 is drawn to the ejector 200 through the airflow duct 100.

[0058] The drive device 400 is installed inside the airflow duct 100 and its extension, retraction and rotation direction are adjusted according to the airflow direction.

[0059] Adjustment device 500 is connected to drive device 400 and rotates under the drive of drive device 400 to adjust the state of adjustment device 500;

[0060] The central cone assembly 600 is fixed inside the straight section in the middle of the airflow duct 100 and connected to the adjustment device 500. The whole assembly has a stacked structure. Under the adjustment of the adjustment device 500, it can be pulled back or pushed out horizontally. When pulled back horizontally, the airflow area is increased. When pushed out horizontally, the airflow area is reduced.

[0061] The adaptive control device of the application, when the ejector 200 starts, the air flow makes the driving device 400 rotate, and the central cone assembly 600 is pulled back horizontally through the adjusting device 500, the air flow area is gradually increased, the suction force generated when the ejector 200 starts is buffered, the air pressure in the high-altitude cabin 300 is gradually reduced, thereby avoiding the suction force generated in the high-altitude cabin at the moment, and a large force is generated on the materials, equipment or supports in the cabin, and at the same time, when the ejector 200 is closed, the driving device 400 rotates reversely, the central cone assembly 600 pushes out horizontally to block the air flow pipeline 100, thereby avoiding the secondary force generated on the materials, equipment or supports in the cabin by the backflow of the gas.

[0062] In the embodiment of the application, as shown in Figures 4-6 The central cone assembly 600 is in a laminated combination structure as a whole, including a plurality of central cone parts in a thin-walled rotary structure, and specifically:

[0063] The first central cone part 610 is coaxially fixed to the inner wall of the middle straight section of the air flow pipeline 100, the outer diameter of which is matched with the inner diameter of the middle straight section, thereby constituting the fixed part of the central cone assembly;

[0064] The second central cone part 620 is provided with multiple levels, and is connected with the adjusting device 500 and passes through the first central cone part 610;

[0065] The third central cone part 630 passes through the second central cone part 620 and is connected with the adjusting device 500, and sequentially pushes the multiple second central cone parts 620 to move when driven by the adjusting device 500;

[0066] And wherein,

[0067] Each level of the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630 constitutes the movable part of the central cone assembly 600, and the central cone parts can move relative to each other;

[0068] When the central cone assembly 600 is in a fully expanded state, it is integrally spliced to form a complete cone structure extending along the axis from the downstream end to the upstream end of the pipeline and blocking the air flow passage, the first central cone part 610 is formed as the base part of the cone, the third central cone part 630 is formed as the tip part of the cone, and the outer diameters of the multiple levels of the second central cone part 620 are gradually reduced and spliced to form the middle part of the cone;

[0069] When the central cone assembly 600 is in the fully stacked state, the third central cone part 630 is pulled back to the inner space of the last second central cone part in a concentric manner under the action of the adjusting device, each second central cone part 620 is pulled back to the inner space of the first central cone part 610 in a concentric manner under the action of the adjusting device and the pushing of the third central cone part 630, and the radial space between the first central cone part 610, each second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630 forms the airflow channel 650.

[0070] Preferably, the central cone assembly 600 is further provided with a plurality of annular limiters 640, each of which is fixedly connected with the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630 and limits the movement range of the second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630. Specifically, the outer diameter of each limiter 640 is matched with the diameter of the inner wall of the downstream end of the upstream central cone part, so as to limit the axial movement range of each second central cone part 620 and the third central cone part 630, and the inner wall of each limiter 640 is connected with the end of the adjusting device 500, so as to realize the axial pushing and pulling of each second central cone part and the third central cone part. In addition, an annular blocking plate 611 is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface near the upstream end of the first central cone part 610, which is used to block and support the limiter of the first second central cone part 620 when the central cone assembly 600 is fully stacked, and limit the excessive movement of the first second central cone part 620 in the upstream end direction.

[0071] Further preferably, as shown in Figure 2 The limiter 640 in the present application includes:

[0072] The limiter head 641 is in the overall annular frustum structure, the top of which is fixed at the upstream end bottom position of the second central cone part 620 or the third central cone part 630, the conical outer wall surface of which is matched with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream central cone part, and the inner wall surface of which is uniformly provided with a plurality of hinge joints 642 along the circumference, which is in contact and sealed with the inner surface of the second central cone part 620 or the first central cone part 610 when the central cone assembly 600 is horizontally pushed out, and which is used to extrude the adjusting device 500 when the central cone assembly 600 is horizontally pulled back;

[0073] The hinge joint 642 is provided with a plurality of hinge joints 642 and is uniformly distributed along the inner surface of the limiter head 641, and is hinged with the adjusting device 500;

[0074] The expansion piece 643 is embedded in the inside of the limiting head 641, and expands under high-temperature heating, while the outside of the limiting head 641 can have a certain deformation ability, but the deformation ability is not large, so as to deform outward along the radial direction when the expansion piece 643 expands, and realize the close contact sealing with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream center cone part.

[0075] In the limiting piece 640 of the application, the limiting head 641 is arranged to exert an external force on the adjusting device 500 after contacting the adjusting device 500, so as to drive each second center cone part 620 in turn to move until the second center cone part 620 is completely moved and the airflow passage 650 is completely opened; and when the airflow passage 650 is closed, the limiting head 641 contacts the second center cone part 620 and closes the airflow passage 650, and drives the second center cone part 620 to move in turn to close the airflow passage 650 after the airflow passage 650 is closed; the hinge joint 642 is arranged to be hinged with the adjusting device 500, and drives the second center cone part 620 to close or open the airflow passage 650 in the process of rotating the adjusting device 500; the highest temperature of the high-altitude cabin 300 is lower than 120°, and the influence of the guide flow of the inclined surface of the center cone assembly 600 on the expansion piece 643 is minimized, the deformation speed of the expansion piece 643 is reduced and becomes slow, when the backflow in the passage flows into the high-altitude cabin 300, the airflow first contacts the end surface of the center cone assembly 600, the expansion piece 643 expands rapidly to limit and seal the position of the center cone assembly 600, and the force of the airflow also directly acts on the center cone assembly 600, further improving the sealing effect. The expansion piece 643 is preferably made of vermiculite, low-melting-point metal, hard PVC, polyvinylidene chloride and the like.

[0076] In the embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 11 The adjusting device 500 comprises:

[0077] The positioning piece 510 is coaxially fixed at the center of the first center cone part 610;

[0078] The telescopic rod 520 is hingedly connected at the head to the outer edge of the positioning piece 510, and the tail end is hingedly connected to the hinge joint 642 of each limiting piece in the center cone assembly, and drives the telescopic rod 520 to extend or retract when the center cone assembly 600 is pulled back or pushed out horizontally; and as shown in Figure 11 The head of the telescopic rod 520 is in semicircular arc shape, and a plurality of inclined grooves 530 for driving cooperation with the driving piece are uniformly arranged along the semicircular arc, and the inclined grooves 530 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the head of the telescopic rod 520;

[0079] The driving member 540 is drivingly connected to the power output end of the driving device 400 and rotates to drive the telescopic rod 520 to rotate along with the driving device 400.

[0080] In the adjusting device 500, the telescopic rod 520 is stably guaranteed by the positioning member 510, the position of the head of the telescopic rod is limited, and the rotation track of the telescopic rod is determined; the head of the telescopic rod 520 is integrally formed by being fixed by bolts, and the rotation of the telescopic rod 520 moves the third central taper part 630 and the second central taper part 620 to adjust the position and support the height of the third central taper part 630 and the second central taper part 620, and the length of the telescopic rod 520 can be adjusted to adapt to the change of the position of the third central taper part 630 and the second central taper part 620.

[0081] Preferably, as shown in Figure 3 the diameter of the head of the telescopic rod 520 hinged to the hinge 642 on the third central taper part 630 is greater than the thickness of the positioning plate 511 (see Figure 7 ) in the positioning member 510, and the inclined groove 530 is arranged on the head of the telescopic rod 520, and the first coil spring 521 is fixedly arranged in the telescopic rod 520. The first coil spring 521 can provide an external force for the reset of the telescopic rod 520, so that the third central taper part 630 can quickly return to the original position when the airflow stops, to facilitate the extraction of the airflow next time.

[0082] As a preferred, in the adjusting device 500, as shown in Figure 7 the positioning member 510 comprises:

[0083] the positioning plate 511 is fixed to the central part of the first central taper part 610;

[0084] the hinge groove 512 is arranged on the outer side of the positioning plate 511 and is provided with a plurality of corresponding telescopic rods 520, and the main shaft in the hinge groove 512 is fixedly connected with the coil spring 521;

[0085] the receiving rod 513 is fixed to the outer side of the positioning plate 511 and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the first central taper part 610;

[0086] wherein the two ends of the receiving rod 513 are integrally formed with the positioning plate 511 and the first central taper part 610 respectively; the positioning plate 511 can be stably guaranteed; the hinge groove 512 can provide space for the installation of the telescopic rod 520, and the rotation center of the telescopic rod 520 is positioned.

[0087] As a preferred, in the adjusting device 500, as shown inFigure 3 As shown in the figure, the driving member 540 comprises:

[0088] a driving plate 541, which is fixed on the outer side of the driving device 400;

[0089] a driving head 542, which is fixed on the right side of the driving plate 541 and is provided with a plurality of driving heads 542 that are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the driving plate 541, and at least one driving head 542 is inserted into the interior of the inclined groove 530 and drives the telescopic rod 520 to rotate when rotating;

[0090] Among them, the driving plate 541 is fixed with the driving device 400, and the driving plate 541 rotates simultaneously when the driving device 400 rotates, and the driving plate 541 drives the driving head 542 to rotate, and because the driving head 542 is inserted into the interior of the inclined groove 530, an external force is applied to the inclined groove 530 when rotating, so that the inner wall of the inclined groove 530 drives the telescopic rod 520 to rotate.

[0091] In the embodiment of the application, the driving device 400 can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise according to different flow directions of the airflow, and drives the center cone assembly 600 to be pulled back horizontally or pushed out horizontally when rotating. Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figures 8-10 、 Figure 12 The driving device 400 comprises:

[0092] a mounting ring 410, which is fixed in the interior of the airflow duct 100;

[0093] a mounting member 420, which is fixed in the interior of the mounting ring 410;

[0094] a rotating shaft 430, which is rotatably installed on the left side of the positioning plate 511 and sequentially passes through the driving plate 541 and the mounting member 420 and drives the driving plate 541 to rotate when rotating;

[0095] a fan assembly 440, which is fixed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 430 and rotates under the action of the airflow;

[0096] Among them, the cooperation of the mounting ring 410 and the mounting member 420 can ensure the stability and height of the rotating shaft 430, so that the rotating shaft 430 can drive the center cone assembly to rotate normally under the action of the fan assembly 440.

[0097] As a preferred, as shown in the figure, Figure 8 、 Figure 9 The fan assembly 440 comprises:

[0098] a fan center member 441, which is fixed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 430;

[0099] Fan blades 442, the fan blades 442 are provided with a plurality of and evenly distributed along the fan center piece 441 circumferentially, and relative to the fan center piece 441 rotation;

[0100] Inclined position 443, the inclined position 443 is arranged on the fan blade 442, and generates a relative force with the airflow when the airflow passes through, and drives the fan blade 442 to adjust;

[0101] Second coil spring 444, as Figure 10 The second coil spring 444 is arranged at the connection between the fan center piece 441 and the fan blade 442, and the two ends are fixedly connected with the fan center piece and the fan blade respectively;

[0102] Wherein, the ejector 200 is started to produce suction force acting on the fan blade 442, so that the fan blade 442 rotates under the action of the airflow, and drives the horizontal pullback of the center cone position, and with the horizontal pullback of the center cone assembly 600, the flow area increases, the airflow gradually increases, when the center cone assembly 600 is completely opened, the axial limit of the center cone assembly 600 will limit the rotation of the fan center piece 411, the airflow makes the fan blade 442 rotate relative to the fan center piece 441, so that the fan blade 442 rotates to the horizontal state, so that the airflow can pass through normally, when the gas backflow makes the inclined position 443 exert external force, so that the fan center piece 441 rotates to the initial state, and rotates to drive the center cone assembly 600 to close all flow channels.

[0103] In summary, the adaptive control device provided by embodiment 1 realizes the buffering of cabin pressure change in the start-stop process of the ejector through the dynamic adjustment of the center cone assembly, avoids the impact of pressure sudden change on the equipment in the cabin, and effectively prevents the backflow of high temperature and high pressure gas to the high altitude cabin. The device has compact structure, fast response, does not need additional power source, has high adaptability and engineering application value, can be widely applied to high altitude simulation test system, and improves the stability and safety of the test.

[0104] Embodiment 2: control method

[0105] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the adaptive control device for reducing the cabin pressure change in the start-stop process of the ejector suction provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 2 is further provided. As Figure 13 Further combined with Figures 4-6 The control method includes the following steps when implemented:

[0106] SS1. Start the ejector to form a negative pressure environment:

[0107] Start the ejector 200, the pressure inside the ejector 200 is instantaneously reduced to-0.095Mpa, at this time the center cone assembly 600 is in the initial closed state of not being opened and fully expanded, the pressure inside the high-altitude cabin 300 is about 0.1 Mpa, the pressure at the center cone assembly 600 is consistent with the pressure in the high-altitude cabin 300, which is 0.1 Mpa;

[0108] SS2. Gradually pull back the center cone assembly, and reduce the pressure in the buffer cabin:

[0109] Start the center cone assembly 600, the local structure of the center cone assembly 600 is overlapped and horizontally pulled back, the airflow channel 650 at the center cone assembly 600 is gradually increased, so that the pressure of the high-altitude cabin 300 gradually decreases when passing through, at this time the pressure of the ejector 200 is < the pressure at the center cone assembly 600 < the pressure inside the high-altitude cabin 300, so that the pressure of the high-altitude cabin 300 is gradually extracted and reduced, and there is no instantaneous 0.1 Mpa drop to-0.095Mpa

[0110] SS3. Maintain a stable working state:

[0111] Open the center cone assembly 600 completely, open the airflow channel 650 to the maximum, and start to reduce the pressure inside the high-altitude cabin 300 to-0.095Mpa

[0112] SS4. Ejector is closed, trigger the center cone assembly to return:

[0113] Close the ejector 200, the pressure at the ejector 200 is quickly restored to 0.1 Mpa, and the airflow in the airflow pipe 100 will surge back to the inside of the high-altitude cabin 300, at this time the airflow will push the center cone assembly 600 to close quickly, so that the pressure at the center cone assembly 600 increases, and the pressure inside the high-altitude cabin 300 gradually recovers to atmospheric pressure 0.1 Mpa.

[0114] In summary, the control method provided in Embodiment 2 relies on the self-adaptive control device, and realizes the regulation and control of the cabin pressure change in the start-stop process of the ejector through the dynamic adjustment of the center cone assembly. This method can effectively buffer the pressure drop, prevent airflow backflow, improve the stability and safety of the test environment. Combined with the device structure of the application, this method is suitable for high-altitude simulation test, can ensure the reliability of test data, and enhances the adaptability and operating efficiency of the system, and provides an efficient and stable solution for high-altitude cabin pressure regulation.

[0115] Embodiment 3: Working principle

[0116] To further illustrate the operation mechanism of the adaptive control device and the control method thereof, the working principle of the device is explained in detail in Embodiment 3. The device relies on the linkage of the fan assembly, the driving device and the central cone assembly to achieve dynamic adjustment of the airflow passage during the start-stop process of the ejector, so as to buffer the cabin pressure change and prevent airflow backsurge. The operation mode of the device is analyzed in detail below in combination with the specific structure and working process to ensure the stability and reliability of the device in high-altitude simulation test.

[0117] In use, the ejector 200 is started, the pressure in the ejector 200 is instantaneously reduced to -0.095 Mpa, and the fan center piece 441 is rotated under the action of the airflow. Since the stress of the second coil spring 444 is relatively large, the fan center piece 441 will drive the rotating shaft 430 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 430 drives the driving plate 541 and the driving head 542 to rotate. At the same time, the driving head 542 drives the telescopic rod 520 hinged to the third central cone part 630 to rotate, and drives the third central cone part 630 to move towards the first central cone part 610, and opens the airflow passage 650. When the limiting piece 640 contacts the front telescopic rod 520, it will push the telescopic rod 520 to rotate, so that the telescopic rod 520 drives the second central cone part 620 to move, and the second central cone part 620 moves to open the airflow passage 650, and at the same time drives the next second central cone part 620. When the leftmost second central cone part 620 contacts the limiting piece 640, the airflow passage 650 is completely opened, and the rotation of the driving head 542 is limited, so that the fan center piece 441 stops rotating. At this time, the fan blade 442 will rotate relative to the fan center piece 441 under the action of the airflow, and will rotate the second coil spring 444 at the same time, thereby reducing the resistance to the airflow.

[0118] When the ejector 200 is closed, the pressure at the ejector 200 quickly recovers to 0.1 Mpa, and the airflow in the airflow pipe 100 will backsurge into the high-altitude cabin 300. The airflow will exert a thrust on the inclined part 443 during the flow process, and the fan blade 442 will be quickly opened under the action of the second coil spring 444, and will rotate in the opposite direction under the action of the airflow, so that the telescopic rod 520 rotates clockwise and drives the third central cone part 630 to move away from the first central cone part 610. The limiting head 641 on the third central cone part 630 contacts the inner surface of the second central cone part 620, and closes the airflow passage 650, and at the same time drives the second central cone part 620 to move away from the first central cone part 610. Until the limiting head 641 on the leftmost second central cone part 620 contacts the inner surface of the first central cone part 610, the airflow passage 650 is completely closed, and the internal pressure of the high-altitude cabin 300 gradually recovers to atmospheric pressure 0.1 Mpa.

[0119] To sum up, the embodiment 3 elaborates the working principle of the application in detail, and the air flow channel is dynamically adjusted by the fan assembly driving the adjusting device, so that the center cone assembly adjusts the air flow channel during the start and stop of the ejector, the cabin pressure buffering and the backflow suppression are realized. The application can self-adaptively regulate the air flow without additional power source, and the stability and safety of the high altitude simulation test are improved.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only for the preferred embodiments of the application, and not for limiting the application, although the application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical solution recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacement of some technical features, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the application, should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejector suction start-up and shutdown, comprising an airflow duct, an ejector, a high-altitude chamber, a drive unit, an adjustment unit, and a central cone assembly, characterized in that: The airflow duct extends axially as a whole and includes at least a straight section in the middle. Its two ends gradually increase in diameter from the inside to the outside along the axial direction. Its upstream end is coaxially connected to the ejector and its downstream end is coaxially connected to the high-altitude cabin. The drive device, adjustment device, and central cone assembly are all arranged within the middle straight section. Specifically: the drive device is coaxially fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle straight section and adjusts its expansion and rotation directions according to different airflow directions; the adjustment device is connected to the power output end of the drive device and adjusts its tilt state under the action of the drive device; the central cone assembly has a stacked combination structure, and its movable part is connected to the end of the adjustment device. Under the action of the adjustment device, it is pulled back horizontally or pushed out horizontally along the axis. When pulled back horizontally, it stacks and contracts sequentially to increase the airflow area, and when pushed out horizontally, it stacks and expands sequentially to reduce the airflow area.

2. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The central cone assembly includes a first central cone section, several stages of second central cone sections, and a third central cone section. Each central cone section has a thin-walled rotary structure. The outer diameter of the first central cone section is adapted to the inner diameter of the middle straight section and is coaxially fixed to the inner wall of the middle straight section. Each second and third central cone section constitutes the movable part of the central cone assembly and is connected to the adjustment device. When the central cone assembly is in the fully deployed state, it is spliced ​​together to form a cone structure extending along the axis from the downstream end of the pipe to the upstream end and blocking the airflow channel. The first central cone section forms the base part of the cone, the third central cone section forms the tip part of the cone, and the outer diameter of each stage of the second central cone section decreases sequentially and is spliced ​​together to form the middle part of the cone. When the central cone assembly is in the fully stacked state, the third central cone section is pulled back into the internal space of the last stage of the second central cone section, and each second central cone section is pulled back into the internal space of the first central cone section. The radial space between each central cone section forms an airflow channel.

3. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The central cone assembly is also provided with multiple annular limiting members. Each of the upstream bottom positions of the second and third central cone parts is fixedly connected to a limiting member. The outer diameter of each limiting member is adapted to the inner wall diameter of the downstream end of the upstream central cone part, and the inner wall of each limiting member is connected to the end of the adjustment device. An annular baffle plate is fixed on the inner wall of the first central cone part near its upstream end to block and support the limiting members of the first-level second central cone part when the central cone assembly is fully stacked, thereby limiting its excessive movement in the upstream direction.

4. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting component includes at least one limiting head and several hinge joints. The limiting head is generally in the shape of an annular truncated cone structure, with its top fixed at the bottom of the upstream end of the central cone. Its conical outer wall surface is adapted to the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream central cone. Several hinge joints are evenly distributed circumferentially on its inner wall surface. Each hinge joint is hinged to the end of an adjusting device. When the central cone assembly is horizontally pushed out, the outer wall surface of the limiting head contacts and seals with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream central cone. When the central cone assembly is horizontally pulled back, it compresses the adjusting device.

5. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting head is also provided with an annular expansion member, which is embedded inside the limiting head and expands under high temperature heating. The outer wall of the limiting head has deformation capability so that it deforms radially outward when the limiting head expands, thereby achieving a tight contact and seal with the inner wall surface of the downstream end of the upstream central cone part.

6. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The adjusting device includes a positioning component, several telescopic rods, and a driving component. The positioning component is coaxially fixed at the center of the first central cone. The head of each telescopic rod is hinged to the outer edge of the positioning component, and the head of the telescopic rod is semi-circular, with multiple inclined grooves evenly distributed along the semi-circular arc for actuating cooperation with the driving component. The ends of the telescopic rods are correspondingly hinged to the hinge joints of the limiting components in the central cone assembly. The driving component is connected to the power output end of the driving device and actuates on the inclined grooves at the heads of each telescopic rod. Under the rotational drive of the driving device, it causes the heads of each telescopic rod to rotate, thus adjusting the tilt state.

7. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning component includes a positioning plate and several receiving rods. The positioning plate is located at the center of the first central cone portion, and several receiving rods are fixed circumferentially on its outer edge. The end of each receiving rod is fixed to the inner wall surface of the first central cone portion. Several hinge grooves are also provided on the outer edge of the positioning plate. Each hinge groove is provided with a connecting shaft and correspondingly hinges the head of a telescopic rod.

8. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown according to claim 7, characterized in that: The telescopic rod hinged to the third central cone has a head diameter greater than the thickness of the positioning plate in the positioning component, and a first coil spring is provided between the head connecting hole and the connecting shaft in the corresponding hinge groove. The first coil spring is used to provide a restoring force to the telescopic rod, so that the third central cone can quickly return to its original position when the airflow stops.

9. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving component includes at least one driving plate and multiple driving heads, wherein: the driving plate is coaxially fixedly disposed at the power output end of the driving device, and multiple columnar driving heads are evenly distributed along the circumference on its outer end face, which are kinetically engaged with the inclined grooves of the telescopic rod head, and during operation, each driving head is inserted into the interior of the inclined groove one by one to drive the corresponding telescopic rod to rotate.

10. The adaptive control device for mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown according to claim 9, characterized in that: The drive device includes at least a rotating shaft and a fan assembly coaxially fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft forms the power output end of the drive device and is fixedly connected to the drive plate of the drive component in the adjustment device. The fan assembly includes multiple fan blades evenly distributed circumferentially and rotates under the action of airflow.

11. A control method for an adaptive control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, capable of mitigating chamber pressure changes during ejection suction start-up and shutdown, characterized in that, The control method, when implemented, includes: SS1. Activate the ejector to create a negative pressure environment. Set the central cone assembly to the fully deployed initial closed state, and maintain the initial pressure of the airflow duct downstream of the central cone assembly and the interior of the high-altitude cabin connected to it at atmospheric pressure; activate the ejector to rapidly reduce the pressure in the ejector and the airflow duct upstream of the central cone assembly to negative pressure. SS2. Gradually pull back the center cone assembly, the rate of decrease in buffer chamber pressure. The drive device rotates under the action of airflow, drives the adjustment device to enter the working state, and then drives the central cone assembly to pull back horizontally step by step, gradually increasing the airflow channel area, so that the pressure in the high-pressure chamber is gradually reduced in a controlled manner, avoiding the impact of sudden pressure drop on the test equipment and measurement and control system in the high-pressure chamber. SS3. Maintain stable operating status When the central cone assembly is fully retracted, the airflow channel reaches its maximum flow area, the pressure inside the high-pressure chamber stabilizes at the target set value, and the current state of the central cone assembly is maintained to ensure the stability of the test environment and meet the requirements of high-altitude simulation test. SS4. The ejector closes, triggering the center cone assembly to return to its original position. At the end of the test, the ejector is turned off, and the pressure inside the ejector quickly returns to normal pressure. The gas in the airflow duct flows in the opposite direction, and the reverse airflow drives the drive device to rotate in the opposite direction, which drives the adjustment device to enter the return operation. Under the action of the airflow, the central cone assembly is pushed out horizontally step by step until the airflow channel is completely blocked. At the same time, the air pressure inside the high-altitude chamber gradually returns to normal pressure, and the test system returns to the initial state.

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