Building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization

Abstract

The invention discloses a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, and relates to the technical field of building structure design, a data input module is utilized to input parameters which need to reach an objective at the beginning of building structure design and actual structure parameters, and a comparison and evaluation module is utilized to evaluate a building structure. And sequentially calculating and outputting the structural strength JQ, the structural stability index JW and the cost-benefit index JC of the building structure, adjusting the strength, the stability and the cost of the design of the building structure according to the compared and evaluated structure, and controlling the iteration of the whole design process by utilizing an iteration control module until the design meets all the targets required to be achieved at the beginning of the design. According to the method, the effects of comprehensively evaluating the structural strength, guiding material selection, improving the design efficiency, ensuring the structural safety, optimizing the structural design and reducing the maintenance cost are achieved, the beneficial effects jointly form a solid foundation of building structural design, and powerful support is provided for high-quality development of the building industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building structure design, and in particular to a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization. Background Art

[0002] Architectural structure design is the design work performed by architects before building construction based on the purpose of the project. This process aims to deal with problems that may be encountered during the construction process and ensure the structural stability and safety of the building. The development of architectural structure design can be traced back to ancient times, but the design and social division of labor were not clear at that time. Carpenters usually designed and constructed according to their personal experience and creativity. With the progress of society and the advancement of science and technology, architectural structure design and construction have gradually formed two independent disciplines, and many new architectural structure design schemes and technologies have emerged.

[0003] At present, existing design methods often adopt a single-objective optimization strategy, including focusing only on structural strength or cost-effectiveness, while ignoring other important indicators, and also ignoring the trade-offs and optimization between multiple objectives, resulting in obvious deficiencies in design results in some aspects. Secondly, the existing technology lacks a systematic framework to integrate multiple design objectives, making it difficult for designers to make comprehensive and accurate decisions when faced with multiple objectives. In addition, the existing technology has difficulties in parameter adjustment. Designers often find it difficult to determine which parameters need to be adjusted and how to adjust them to achieve the best balance between multiple objectives. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, which solves the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0006] Step 1: Use the data input module to input the parameters required to achieve the target at the beginning of the building structure design and the actual structural parameters;

[0007] Step 2: Use the comparative evaluation module to calculate and output the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-effectiveness index JC of the building structure in sequence;

[0008] Step 3: Based on the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW and cost-effectiveness index JC, first conduct a comparative evaluation of the cost-effectiveness index JC. If the result is not good, then conduct a comparative evaluation of the structural strength JQ and structural stability index JW. According to the results of the comparative evaluation, adjust the strength, stability and cost of the building structure design.

[0009] Step 4: According to the adjustment results, use the iterative control module to control the iteration of the entire design process until the design meets all the goals required at the beginning of the design;

[0010] Among them, the parameters of the goals required at the beginning of the building structure design include the reference natural vibration period T 0 , reference frequency f 0 , reference cost-benefit index JC 0 , reference structural stability index JW 0 , reference structural strength JQ 0 . The actual structural parameters include the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, shear force QL, beam length L, dynamic load coefficient D, height H, torque NJ, maximum torque NJ max , moment of inertia of the cross-section I, material cost CB 1 , labor cost CB 2 , environmental cost HC;

[0011] The comparison and evaluation module includes a structural bearing performance unit, an analysis of structural stability unit, and an evaluation of the cost-benefit of the building structure unit.

[0012] Optionally, the devices used by the data input module include input devices;

[0013] The devices used by the comparison and evaluation module include a computer and a storage device;

[0014] The devices used by the iterative control module include project management software and automated testing tools.

[0015] Optionally, the calculation formula of the structural bearing performance unit is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Where:

[0018] JQ is the structural strength;

[0019] ZC is the material weight coefficient, and ZC reflects the comprehensive effect of material density and strength;

[0020] HM is the cross-sectional area, and HM reflects the cross-sectional size of the structural member;

[0021] QL is the shear force, and QL reflects the force of horizontal shear acting on the structure;

[0022] L is the beam length, and L reflects the length of the structural member;

[0023] D is the dynamic load coefficient, and D reflects the influence of dynamic loads on the structure;

[0024] H is the height, and H reflects the height of the structure and the number of floors.

[0025] Optionally, the calculation formula for the material weight coefficient ZC is as follows:

[0026] ZC = a × m + b × E + QFQ × c;

[0027] m is the material density;

[0028] E is the elastic modulus;

[0029] QFQ is the yield strength;

[0030] Both a, b, and c are coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a + b + c = 1;

[0031] When calculating the shear force QL, taking the left end of the beam as the origin and the right direction as the positive direction to establish the x-axis, and setting the cross-section position as x, the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0032] If x < L / 2, then QL = P × (x / L);

[0033] If x > L / 2, then QL = P × ((L - x) / L);

[0034] P is the concentrated load, which is the left end of the beam;

[0035] x is specifically the distance from the cross-section position to the left end of the beam;

[0036] The calculation formula for the dynamic load coefficient D is as follows:

[0037] D = a 1 × (T / T 0 ) n + a 2 × (f / f 0 ) m ;

[0038] T is the natural vibration period, and T 0 is the reference natural vibration period;

[0039] f is the frequency, and f 0 is the reference frequency;

[0040] The reference natural vibration period T 0 and the reference frequency f 0 are both preset parameters required at the beginning of the design;

[0041] a 1 and a 2 are both coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a 1 + a 2 = 1;

[0042] n and m are specifically exponential terms.

[0043] Optionally, the calculation formula of the analysis structure stability unit is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] Where:

[0046] JW is the structure stability index;

[0047] QZL is the beam length under theoretical buckling, and QZL reflects the length when the structure buckles theoretically;

[0048] NJ is the torque, and NJ reflects the torsional moment acting on the structure;

[0049] NJ max is the maximum torque;

[0050] I is the moment of inertia of the cross-section.

[0051] Optionally, the calculation formula of the evaluation building structure cost-benefit unit is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Where:

[0054] JC is the cost-benefit index;

[0055] HC is the environmental cost;

[0056] CB 1 is the material cost, and CB 2 is the labor cost.

[0057] Optionally, the calculation formula of the environmental cost HC is as follows:

[0058] HC = C s + C y + C u + C f - C h ;

[0059] C s is the pollution cost generated during production;

[0060] C y is the pollution cost generated during transportation;

[0061] C u is the pollution cost generated during use;

[0062] C f is the pollution cost generated during disposal;

[0063] Ch is the reduction in pollution cost during recycling;

[0064] Among them, the pollution cost C generated during production s , the pollution cost C generated during transportation y , the pollution cost C generated during use u and the pollution cost C generated during disposal reflect the environmental costs generated during the production, transportation, use and disposal processes of the material, while the reduction in pollution cost C during recycling f reflects the environmental costs reduced through recycling and reuse measures. h

[0065] Optionally, the optimization adjustment based on the cost-benefit index JC is as follows:

[0066] First, at the beginning of the design, a reference cost-benefit index JC 0 , a reference structural stability index JW 0 , and a reference structural strength JQ 0 will be set according to the design requirements and various parameters to be achieved in the design;

[0067] If JC > JC 0 , it means that the cost-benefit performance is good, and there is no need to observe the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW;

[0068] If JC < JC 0 , it means that the cost-benefit performance is poor, and the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW need to be analyzed and optimized.

[0069] Optionally, based on the fact that the cost-benefit index JC reflects poor cost-benefit performance, the analysis of the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW is as follows:

[0070] Structural strength JQ

[0071] If JQ > JQ 0 , it means that the structural strength meets the requirements, and the structural stability index JW needs to be analyzed and optimized;

[0072] If JQ < JQ 0 , it means that the structural strength is insufficient, and the strength of the material and the size of the structural members need to be increased, thereby increasing the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM;

[0073] Structural stability index JW

[0074] If JW > JW 0 , it means that the structural stability meets the requirements, and the structural strength JQ needs to be analyzed and optimized;

[0075] If JW < JW 0 ​, it indicates insufficient structural stability. When the supports and layout of the structure are increased, the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling and the maximum torque NJ are further increased max ;

[0076] In addition, if JQ > JQ 0 and JW > JW 0 , the cost of the structure is adjusted.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0078] First, the method proposed by the present invention realizes the trade-off and optimization among multiple objectives of structural strength, stability, and cost-effectiveness by constructing a structural bearing performance unit, analyzing the algorithm formula related to the structural stability unit, and evaluating the building structure cost-benefit unit. This method can more comprehensively evaluate the performance and economy of the building structure, thus obtaining a better design method and result.

[0079] Second, the method proposed by the present invention provides a systematic framework to integrate multiple design objectives, and can thus more clearly understand the relationship and mutual influence among various objectives, and make more accurate decisions.

[0080] Third, the method proposed by the present invention, through the loop influence mechanism, takes the result of the cost-benefit index JC as feedback. While adjusting the building structure, the parameters in the structural bearing performance unit and the structural stability analysis unit are also adjusted accordingly. The specific adjustments include the material weight coefficient ZC, the cross-sectional area HM, the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling, the maximum torque NJ max and in terms of cost, so as to optimize the cost-benefit and further improve the structural stability. This parameter adjustment method not only improves the flexibility of the design, but also makes the design result more in line with the actual requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0081] Figure 1 is the method flow chart of the building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization;

[0082] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the parameters of the objectives required at the beginning of the building structure design of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the actual structural parameters of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the comparison and evaluation module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] Regarding this building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, it is different from the existing design methods. The existing design methods lead to obvious deficiencies in some aspects of the design results, lack of a systematic framework to integrate multiple design objectives, and have difficulties in parameter adjustment. However, this algorithm unit has achieved the effects of comprehensively evaluating structural strength, guiding material selection, improving design efficiency, ensuring structural safety, optimizing structural design, reducing maintenance costs, guiding economic decision-making, promoting sustainable development and improving customer satisfaction. These beneficial effects together constitute a solid foundation for building structure design and provide strong support for the high-quality development of the construction industry.

[0087] For example, see Figures 1 to 4 , This implementation provides a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0088] Step 1: Use the data input module to input the parameters required to achieve the target at the beginning of the building structure design and the actual structural parameters;

[0089] Step 2: Use the comparative evaluation module to calculate and output the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-effectiveness index JC of the building structure in sequence;

[0090] Step 3: Based on the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW and cost-effectiveness index JC, first conduct a comparative evaluation of the cost-effectiveness index JC. If the result is not good, then conduct a comparative evaluation of the structural strength JQ and structural stability index JW. According to the results of the comparative evaluation, adjust the strength, stability and cost of the building structure design.

[0091] Step 4: Based on the adjustment results, the iteration control module is used to control the iteration of the entire design process until the design meets all the goals that need to be achieved at the beginning of the design;

[0092] Among them, the parameters required to achieve the goal at the beginning of building structure design include the reference natural vibration period T 0 , reference frequency f 0 , Reference cost-effectiveness index JC 0 , Reference structure stability index JW 0 , Reference structure strength JQ 0The actual structural parameters include material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, shear force QL, beam length L, dynamic load coefficient D, height H, torque NJ, maximum torque NJ max , Sectional moment of inertia I, Material cost CB 1 , labor cost CB 2 , environmental cost HC;

[0093] The comparative evaluation module includes a structural bearing performance unit, a structural stability analysis unit, and a building structure cost-effectiveness evaluation unit;

[0094] The data input module includes an input device;

[0095] The comparative evaluation module includes a computer and a storage device;

[0096] The iteration control module includes project management software and automated testing tools.

[0097] In this embodiment, the system cooperates with the three algorithm units and combines the three calculation results of JQ, JW and JC to form a comprehensive, efficient and sustainable building structure design framework. Specifically, JQ is the structural strength. The parameters involved in the calculation jointly reflect the bearing capacity of the structure when it is subjected to various loads. Through the calculation of JQ, the strength performance of the structure under different working conditions can be understood, thereby providing theoretical support for the safety and stability of the structure. JW is the structural stability index. Through the calculation of JW, the stability performance of the structure under different load conditions can be evaluated, thereby discovering potential unstable factors, which is of great significance for ensuring the safety and stability of the structure during long-term use. At the same time, JW can also serve as feedback to guide the adjustment of structural parameters to further improve the stability of the structure. JC is the cost-effectiveness index. Through the calculation of JC, the economy and feasibility of different design schemes can be comprehensively evaluated, which helps to select the most cost-effective scheme among multiple schemes to ensure that the project is economically feasible and meets environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the results of JC also serve as feedback to guide designers to adjust structural parameters and material selection to further optimize cost-effectiveness. The calculation results of JC can also affect the calculations fed back to JQ and JW, making the three algorithms of this system have a high correlation and entanglement, and the cyclic influence of JC on JQ and JW further enhances the flexibility and economy of the design.

[0098] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula of the structural bearing performance unit is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] in:

[0101] JQ is the structural strength;

[0102] ZC is the material weight coefficient, and ZC reflects the comprehensive effect of material density and strength;

[0103] HM is the cross-sectional area, and HM reflects the size of the cross-section of the structural member;

[0104] QL is the shear force, and QL reflects the force of horizontal shear acting on the structure;

[0105] L is the beam length, and L reflects the length of the structural member;

[0106] D is the dynamic load coefficient, and D reflects the influence of dynamic load on the structure;

[0107] H is the height, and H reflects the height of the structure and the number of floors;

[0108] The calculation formula for the material weight coefficient ZC is as follows:

[0109] ZC = a × m + b × E + QFQ × c;

[0110] m is the material density;

[0111] E is the elastic modulus;

[0112] QFQ is the yield strength;

[0113] a, b, and c are all coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a + b + c = 1;

[0114] When calculating the shear force QL, with the left end of the beam as the origin and the right direction as the positive direction to establish the x-axis, assuming the cross-section position is x, the specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0115] If x < L / 2, then QL = P × (x / L);

[0116] If x > L / 2, then QL = P × ((L - x) / L);

[0117] P is the concentrated load, which is the left end of the beam;

[0118] x is specifically the distance from the cross-section position to the left end of the beam;

[0119] The calculation formula for the dynamic load coefficient D is as follows:

[0120] D = a 1 × (T / T 0 ) n + a 2 × (f / f 0 ) m ;

[0121] T is the natural vibration period, and T 0 is the reference natural vibration period;

[0122] f is the frequency, and f 0 is the reference frequency;

[0123] The reference natural vibration period T 0 and the reference frequency f 0 are both preset parameters required at the beginning of the design;

[0124] a 1 and a 2 are both coefficients obtained by fitting the experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a 1 + a 2 = 1;

[0125] n and m are specifically exponential terms.

[0126] In this embodiment: First, the "ZC × HM" part in this algorithm unit calculates the product of the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM. It represents the combined effect of the weight of the material itself and the size of the cross-section of the structural member on the structural strength. Larger material weight coefficient ZC and cross-sectional area HM usually mean higher structural strength. As one of the main components of the structural bearing performance unit, it provides the basic contribution to the structural strength and, together with other terms, jointly determines the structural strength JQ of the structure;

[0127] The calculation part calculates the ratio of the shear force QL to the beam length L. It reflects the magnitude of the shear force borne per unit length of the beam. The shear force QL is one of the key factors that need to be considered in structural design because it has an important impact on both the stability and strength of the structure. This calculation part divides the shear force QL by the beam length L to obtain a shear force effect index independent of the beam length. This index, together with the product of the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM, jointly acts on the calculation of the structural strength JQ;

[0128] The "D × H" calculation part calculates the product of the dynamic load coefficient D and the height H. It takes into account the influence of dynamic loads on the structure and the amplification effect of the structural height on the dynamic response. The dynamic load coefficient D is usually used to reflect the additional requirements of dynamic loads on the structural strength JQ. This calculation part, as a subtraction term in the structural bearing performance unit, reflects the negative effects of dynamic loads and structural height on the structural strength and needs to be considered and deducted in the calculation of the structural strength JQ;

[0129] This algorithm covers multiple key influencing factors of the structural strength JQ through the structural bearing performance unit, and thus can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the bearing capacity of the structure. By adjusting these parameters, it is possible to simulate the structural strength HQ under different working conditions, thereby ensuring that the structure can maintain sufficient strength under various conditions;

[0130] The material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM are key parameters in the structural load-bearing performance unit. They directly affect the strength of the structure and the utilization efficiency of materials. By adjusting these parameters, the material selection can be optimized to ensure that the material cost is minimized while meeting the strength requirements. At the same time, this also provides theoretical support for the research and application of new materials;

[0131] In addition, the simplicity and clarity of the structural load-bearing performance unit enable the rapid calculation of structural strength, thus greatly shortening the design cycle. Moreover, through automated and intelligent design software, parameters can be adjusted more efficiently, and multiple simulations and optimizations can be carried out to further improve the design efficiency.

[0132] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , and the calculation formula for the structural stability unit is as follows:

[0133]

[0134] Where:

[0135] JW is the structural stability index;

[0136] QZL is the beam length under theoretical buckling, and QZL reflects the length of the structure when buckling occurs theoretically;

[0137] NJ is the torque, and NJ reflects the torsional moment acting on the structure;

[0138] NJ max is the maximum torque;

[0139] I is the moment of inertia of the cross-section.

[0140] In this embodiment, first The calculation part calculates the product of the structural strength JQ and the ratio of the actual length of the beam to the theoretical buckling length. It reflects the relationship between the structural strength JQ and the buckling stability of the beam. When the actual length of the beam approaches and exceeds its theoretical buckling length, the stability of the structure will decrease significantly. As one of the main components of the structural stability analysis unit, it provides the basic contribution to the structural stability analysis. By subtracting the ratio term of the torque NJ to the maximum torque NJ max , they jointly determine the stability of the structure, that is, the structural stability index JW;

[0141] The calculation part calculates the ratio of the torque NJ to the maximum torque NJ max multiplied by the height H, which reflects the stability of the structure under the action of the torque NJ. When the actual torque approaches and exceeds the maximum torque NJ maxWhen this occurs, the structure will become unstable. The introduction of the height H takes into account the influence of the structural height on stability. This calculation part serves as a subtraction term in the analysis of the structural stability unit, reflecting the instability tendency of the structure under the action of the torque NJ.

[0142] This algorithm unit can accurately evaluate the stability performance of the structure under various loads by calculating the structural stability index JW. This helps to promptly detect potential safety hazards and avoid buckling and collapse safety accidents. At the same time, it also provides theoretical support for the optimal design and reinforcement of the structure.

[0143] According to the stability analysis results, the beam length QZL and the maximum torque NJ under theoretical buckling can be adjusted max parameters to optimize the design of the structure. Through reasonable parameter adjustment, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the structure while meeting the stability requirements, and improve the overall performance of the structure.

[0144] In addition, a stable structure can reduce the maintenance cost caused by deformation and cracking problems. And through stability analysis, it is possible to predict the deformation of the structure under long-term load and take timely reinforcement measures to extend the service life of the structure.

[0145] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula for evaluating the cost-benefit unit of the building structure is as follows:

[0146]

[0147] Where:

[0148] JC is the cost-benefit index;

[0149] HC is the environmental cost;

[0150] CB 1 is the material cost, and CB 2 is the labor cost;

[0151] The calculation formula for the environmental cost HC is as follows:

[0152] HC = C s + C y + C u + C f - C h ;

[0153] C s is the pollution cost generated during production;

[0154] C y is the pollution cost generated during transportation;

[0155] C u is the pollution cost generated during use;

[0156] C f Incurring pollution costs when abandoned;

[0157] C h The reduction in pollution costs during recycling;

[0158] Among them, the pollution cost C is generated during production s , pollution costs during transportation C y 、Pollution cost C is generated when using u and the pollution cost C generated when abandoned f Reflects the environmental costs incurred during the production, transportation, use and disposal of materials, and the reduction in pollution costs during recycling C h It reflects the reduction of environmental costs through recycling and reuse measures.

[0159] In this embodiment, this algorithm unit firstly takes an important position in the numerator of the calculation formula of the building structure cost-effectiveness evaluation unit based on the product term "JW×HC", wherein the structural stability index JW represents the stability analysis result of the structure, which reflects the anti-buckling and anti-torsion capabilities of the structure when subjected to various loads, and HC represents the environmental cost, which takes into account the environmental impact and renewability factors of the material. The purpose of multiplying the structural stability index JW and the environmental cost HC in this calculation part is to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between the stability and environmental cost of the structure. Stability is an important indicator of structural safety, and the environmental cost HC reflects the potential impact of the structure on the environment during construction and operation. By multiplying the two, a comprehensive indicator that takes into account both structural safety and environmental impact can be obtained.

[0160] "(CB 1 +CB 2 )” calculation part calculates the material cost CB 1 and labor cost CB 2 The sum of the cost of the building structure design, the material cost CB 1 and labor cost CB 2 They are the two most important cost expenditures in a construction project. As one of the denominators for evaluating the cost-effectiveness unit of a building structure, they provide the basis for cost-effectiveness analysis. They are combined with structural stability, environmental cost HC, and the square root of the difference between structural strength JQ and stability to jointly determine the cost-effectiveness index JC.

[0161] This square root term in the calculation part also occupies an important position in the denominator of the cost-benefit index JC formula. Among them, the structural stability index JW represents the result of the structural stability analysis, and the structural strength JQ represents the structural strength, which reflects the bearing capacity of the structure when bearing various loads. This expression calculates the difference between the stability and the structural strength JQ, squares it, adds 1, and then takes the square root to obtain a comprehensive index reflecting the structural performance fluctuations. The purpose of calculating this square root term is to quantify the difference between the stability and strength of the structure and incorporate it as a trade-off factor into the cost-benefit index JC formula. Stability and strength are two important aspects of structural performance, and there are differences between them. By squaring the difference between stability and strength, adding 1, and then taking the square root, a comprehensive index that takes into account both the size of the difference and avoids the influence of negative values can be obtained;

[0162] By calculating the cost-benefit index JC in this algorithm unit, the economy of different design schemes can be comprehensively evaluated, which helps to select the most cost-effective scheme among multiple schemes and ensure the economic feasibility of the project. At the same time, it also provides a scientific basis for the investment decision-making of the project;

[0163] The environmental cost HC item in the unit for evaluating the cost-benefit of building structures emphasizes the importance of environmental protection and sustainability. By considering the environmental cost, more environmentally friendly and renewable materials and technologies can be selected to reduce the impact of the building on the environment, which helps to promote the green development and sustainable development of the construction industry;

[0164] In addition, on the premise of meeting the structural strength and safety, reducing costs can improve the cost performance of the project. Through reasonable cost-benefit analysis, the investment cost of customers can be reduced on the premise of ensuring quality, thereby improving customer satisfaction and loyalty;

[0165] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the optimization adjustment based on the cost-benefit index JC is as follows:

[0166] First, at the beginning of the design, the reference cost-benefit index JC 0 , reference structural stability index JW 0 , and reference structural strength JQ 0 will be set according to the design requirements and various parameters to be achieved in the design;

[0167] If JC > JC 0 , it means that the cost-benefit performance is good, and there is no need to observe the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW;

[0168] If JC < JC 0 , it means that the cost-benefit performance is poor, and the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW need to be analyzed and optimized;

[0169] Based on the cost - benefit index JC reflecting poor cost - benefit performance, the analysis of the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW is as follows:

[0170] Structural strength JQ

[0171] If JQ > JQ 0 , it means that the structural strength meets the requirements, and when analyzing and optimizing the structural stability index JW;

[0172] If JQ < JQ 0 , it means that the structural strength is insufficient, and the strength of the material and the size of the structural members should be increased, thereby increasing the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross - sectional area HM;

[0173] Structural stability index JW

[0174] If JW > JW 0 , it means that the structural stability meets the requirements, and when analyzing and optimizing the structural strength JQ;

[0175] If JW < JW 0 , it means that the structural stability is insufficient, and the supports and layout of the structure should be increased, thereby increasing the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling and the maximum torque NJ max ;

[0176] In addition, if JQ > JQ 0 and JW > JW 0 , then the cost of the structure is adjusted.

[0177] In this embodiment, by adjusting the parameters of the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross - sectional area HM, it is possible to further reduce the cost and improve the cost - benefit while ensuring the structural strength JQ. Moreover, the cyclic influence mechanism enables flexible adjustment of parameters during the design process to meet different design requirements and constraints. In addition, in order to reduce costs and improve efficiency, new materials, technologies, and design methods will be explored, thereby promoting technological innovation and development in the construction industry. And by considering the strength, stability, and cost - benefit of the structure simultaneously, this comparison strategy can ensure that the design reaches the optimal in multiple dimensions. This systematic method avoids the limitations of single - objective optimization, thereby improving the overall performance of the design;

[0178] Specifically, the comparative analysis framework can clearly reveal the existing problems in the design. When the cost-benefit index JC performs poorly, it can further analyze whether it is due to insufficient structural strength or insufficient stability. This precise positioning helps to quickly find solutions and reduce the number of design iterations. According to the comparative analysis results, the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, theoretical buckling length of the beam, and critical torque parameters can be flexibly adjusted. This flexibility enables the design to adapt to different requirements and constraints, improving the practicality and adaptability of the design. Through cost-benefit analysis, this strategy can ensure that the design minimizes costs while meeting performance requirements, which helps to enhance the economic benefits of construction projects and strengthen market competitiveness. In addition, the comparative analysis of the strength and stability of the structure ensures the reliability of the design in terms of safety. By increasing the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, and optimizing the structural layout, the load-bearing capacity and anti-instability ability of the structure can be effectively improved, thus ensuring the safety of the building;

[0179] In summary, the comparative analysis strategy that combines the structural load-bearing performance unit, analyzes the structural stability unit, and evaluates the cost-benefit unit of the building structure and its parameters has significant beneficial effects in the multi-objective optimization process of building structure design. It can not only improve the overall performance and economy of the design, but also enhance the safety of the structure, providing a strong guarantee for the successful implementation of construction projects.

[0180] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step 1: Use the data input module to input the parameters required to achieve the goals at the beginning of the building structure design and the actual structure parameters; Step 2: Use the comparison and evaluation module to calculate and output the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-benefit index JC of the building structure in sequence; Step 3: Based on the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-benefit index JC, first conduct a comparison and evaluation of the cost-benefit index JC. If the result shows不佳, then conduct a comparison and evaluation of the structural strength JQ and structural stability index JW, and adjust the design of the building structure in terms of strength, stability, and cost according to the results of the comparison and evaluation; Step 4: According to the adjustment results, and use the iterative control module to control the iteration of the entire design process until the design meets all the goals required at the beginning of the design; The parameters required to achieve the goal at the beginning of the building structure design include reference natural vibration period T0, reference frequency f0, reference cost-effectiveness index JC0, reference structural stability index JW0, reference structural strength JQ0, and the actual structural parameters include material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, shear force QL, beam length L, dynamic load coefficient D, height H, torque NJ, maximum torque NJ max , section inertia moment I, material cost CB1, labor cost CB2, environmental cost HC; The comparison and evaluation module includes a structural bearing performance unit, an analysis of structural stability unit, and an evaluation of the cost-benefit of the building structure unit.

2. According to the method for designing a building structure based on multi-objective optimization described in claim 1, characterized in that The equipment used by the data input module includes an input device; The equipment used by the comparison and evaluation module includes a computer and a storage device; The equipment used by the iterative control module includes project management software and an automated testing tool.

3. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the structural bearing performance unit is as follows: Where: JQ is the structural strength; ZC is the material weight coefficient, and ZC reflects the comprehensive effect of material density and strength; HM is the cross-sectional area, and HM reflects the cross-sectional size of the structural member; QL is the shear force, and QL reflects the horizontal shear force acting on the structure; L is the beam length, and L reflects the length of the structural member; D is the dynamic load coefficient, and D reflects the influence of dynamic load on the structure; H is the height, and H reflects the height of the structure and the number of floors.

4. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the material weight coefficient ZC is as follows: ZC = a×m + b×E + QFQ×c; m is the material density; E is the elastic modulus; QFQ is the yield strength; a, b, and c are all coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a + b + c = 1; When calculating the shear force QL, take the left end of the beam as the origin and establish the x-axis with the right direction as the positive direction. Let the cross-section position be x. The specific calculation formula is as follows: If x < L / 2, then QL = P×(x / L); If x > L / 2, then QL = P×((L - x) / L); P is the concentrated load, which is the left end of the beam; x is specifically the distance from the cross-section position to the left end of the beam; The calculation formula of the dynamic load coefficient D is as follows: D=a1×(T / T0) n +a2×(f / f0) m ; T is the natural vibration period, and T0 is the reference natural vibration period; f is the frequency, and f0 is the reference frequency; The reference natural vibration period T0 and the reference frequency f0 are both preset parameters required to be achieved at the beginning of the design; a1 and a2 are both coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a1 + a2 = 1; n and m are specifically exponential terms.

5. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the analysis of structural stability unit is as follows: Where: JW is the structural stability index; QZL is the theoretical buckling beam length, and QZL reflects the length at which the structure buckles theoretically; NJ is the torque, and NJ reflects the torsional moment acting on the structure; NJ max is the maximum torque; I is the moment of inertia of the cross-section.

6. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the unit evaluating the cost-benefit of the building structure is as follows: Where: JC is the cost-benefit index; HC is the environmental cost; CB1 is the material cost, and CB2 is the labor cost.

7. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the environmental cost HC is as follows: HC=C s +C y +C u +C f -C h ; C s Incurring pollution costs during production; C y Incurring pollution costs during transportation; C u Incurs pollution costs when used; C f Incurring pollution costs when abandoned; C h The reduction in pollution costs during recycling; Among them, the pollution cost C is generated during production s , pollution costs during transportation C y 、Pollution cost C is generated when using u and the pollution cost C generated when abandoned f Reflects the environmental costs incurred during the production, transportation, use and disposal of materials, and the reduction in pollution costs during recycling C h It reflects the reduction of environmental costs through recycling and reuse measures.

8. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The optimization adjustment based on the cost-benefit index JC is as follows: First, at the beginning of the design, the reference cost-benefit index JC0, the reference structural stability index JW0, and the reference structural strength JQ0 are set according to the design requirements and various parameters to be achieved in the design; If JC > JC0, it means that the cost-benefit performance is good, and there is no need to observe the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW; If JC < JC0, it means that the cost-benefit performance is poor, and the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW need to be analyzed and optimized.

9. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 8, characterized in that: Based on the fact that the cost-benefit index JC reflects poor cost-benefit performance, the analysis of the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW is as follows: Structural strength JQ If JQ > JQ0, it means that the structural strength meets the requirements, and the structural stability index JW needs to be analyzed and optimized; If JQ < JQ0, it means that the structural strength is insufficient, and the strength of the material and the size of the structural member need to be increased, thereby increasing the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM; Structural stability index JW If JW > JW0, it means that the structural stability meets the requirements, and the structural strength JQ needs to be analyzed and optimized; If JW < JW0, it means that the structural stability is insufficient. When increasing the support and layout of the structure, the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling and the maximum torque NJ are further increased max ; In addition, if JQ > JQ0 and JW > JW0, the cost of the structure is adjusted.

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